Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATANGAS
DIONISIO P. VITO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
CAHILAN II, LEMERY, BATANGAS

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET IN SCIENCE 9

WEEK 2

Name: _______________ Grade & Section: ______________

Learning Objective
1. Differentiate between active and inactive volcanoes.
2. Explain what happens when volcanoes erupt.

Directions: Read the text below then answer

On January 12, 2020 shocked many Filipinos because of the Taal volcano eruption. Ashes were spewed from
the main crater across Calabarzon, Metro Manila and some parts of Central Luzon and Ilocos Region resulting in the
suspension of classes and work in the area. PHIVOLCS or Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology issued
an Alert Level 4 indicating that a hazardous explosive eruption is possible. The volcano erupted 43 years after its
previous eruption in 1977. PHIVOLCS advised evacuation of the towns within the shores of Taal Lake. The National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) and the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology (PHIVOLCS) have reported a total of 2,484 earthquakes on the vicinity of the volcano since the eruption,
173 of which were felt. Volcanic eruption is common to our country since our location is along the Pacific Ring of
Fire. In this module you will discover how volcanoes erupt.

From your previous discussions in week 1, you have learned the different types of volcanoes and volcanic
eruptions. What you have learned from the previous module will help you in understanding better what happens
when there is volcanic eruption. Before we proceed to how volcanoes erupt, let us first answer the question: What
triggers an eruption? Have you ever wondered why volcanoes erupt? Tectonic plates are the key. Moving tectonic
plate can cause earthquakes, which then creates fissures that allows the magma to escape. These tectonic plates
move towards, away or alongside one another which can also trigger volcanic eruption.

Activity: What Happens When There is Volcanic Eruption?

After understanding what causes volcanic eruption, let us analyze what happens when there is volcanic eruption.
Using the pictures below, answer the questions that follows.

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DIONISIO P. VITO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

How can you differentiate the volcanic eruptions from the pictures?
____________________________________________

What do you think is the cause of their difference? ____________________________________________

Eruptions vary depending on the type of volcano and the different types of tectonic boundary they
sit on. At destructive boundaries - where tectonic plates are moving towards each other - you’ll find
composite volcanoes. Composite volcanoes have very sticky and thick lava, which can make them very
explosive when they erupt: gas bubbles that are trapped in the magma chamber find it hard to escape
through the viscous rock. They can also spurt lots of hot ash and rocks into the air, making them extremely
dangerous. Shield volcanoes on the other hand form at constructive tectonic boundaries (where the tectonic
plates move away from each other) and have very thin, runny lava. This means that when a shield volcano
erupts, the lava is extremely fast and can cover large areas very quickly. Some of the most famous examples
of shield volcanoes make up the islands of Hawaii. One of them, Mauna Loa, is actually the largest volcano
on the planet.

More on Volcanic Eruptions

What determines the nature of eruption? There are primary factors affecting the volcanoes’ eruptive
style, namely: the magma’s temperature, its chemical composition, and the amount of dissolved gases it
contains. These factors can affect the magma’s viscosity in different ways. Viscosity is the property of the
material’s resistance to flow. It is also described as the liquid’s thickness and stickiness. The more viscous
and thicker the material is, the greater is its resistance to flow. Example: syrup is more viscous that water.

Temperature and Viscosity

The higher the temperature of magma is, the lower is its viscosity. As lava flows, it cools and begins
to harden, its ability to flow decreases and eventually it stops.

Composition of Magma and Viscosity

Magma with high silica content is more viscous than those with low silica content. The magma with
less silica is relatively fluid and travels far before solidifying.

Amount of Dissolved Gases and Viscosity

The amount of gas (mainly water vapor) dissolved in magma tends to increase its ability to flow. Therefore,
in near-surface environments, the loss of gases makes magma more viscous, forming a dome or a columnar
as shown in the figure below. To understand more about viscosity, do the following activity.

Learning Task 2

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Why volcanoes erupt?

I. Because of moving tectonic plates

II. Because of earthquakes

III. Because of the movement of magma

A. I B. II C. I and II D. I, II, and III

2. ____________ volcanoes have very sticky and thick lava, which can make them very explosive when they
erupt.
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Cahilan II,Lemery, Batangas
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A. composite B. cinder C. shield D. composite, cinder, and shield

3._________ volcanoes have a lava that is extremely fast and can cover large areas very quickly.

A. composite B. cinder C. shield D. composite, cinder, and shield

4. Wat is/are the factor/s that affect/s volcanoes’ eruptive style?

I. magma’s temperature,

II. chemical compositio

III. amount of dissolved gases

A. I B. II C. I and II D. I, II, and III

5. The ________ temperature of the magma, the __________ is its viscosity.

A. higher, higher B. lower, lower C. higher, lower D. lower, higher

Prepared by:
Mrs. Jennica Grace E. Pasumbal
SST-1

DIONISIO P. VITO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL