11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

BASIC CALCULUS
Quarter 4 - Module 6
The Definite Integral of a Function
Using the Substitution Rule
Basic Calculus – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 6: The Definite Integral of a Function Using the Substitution
Rule
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rickleoben V. Bayking
Editors: Ronald G. Tolentino & Gil S. Dael
Reviewer: Littie Beth S. Bernadez
Layout Artist: Radhiya A. Ababon
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Elisa L. Bagiuo, EdD
Joelyza M. Arcilla, EdD, CESE Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, JD, EdD Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita L. Ragay, EdD Elmar L. Cabrera

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Telephone #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 11

Basic Calculus
Quarter 4 – Module 6
Computing the Definite Integral of
a Function Using the Substitution
Rule
 I

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
▪ Compute the definite integral of a function using the substitution
rule (STEM_BC11I -IVi-2)

OBJECTIVES:
K: Recall the basic integration formula;
S: Compute the definite integral of a function using the substitution
rule; and
A: value the importance of substitution in finding the
antiderivatives for two integrals.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Activity 1

Evaluate the definite integral using substitution rule.

4
1. ∫0 √2𝑥 + 1 𝑑𝑥

15 𝑥
2. ∫0 𝑑𝑥
√𝑥+1

0.5
3. ∫0 𝑥(1 − 𝑥)3 𝑑𝑥

7
4. ∫3 𝑥√𝑥 − 3 𝑑𝑥

7 3
5. ∫0 𝑥 √𝑥 + 1 𝑑𝑥

2
 Lesson Computing Definite Integral
1 Using Substitution Rule

’s In

Review the Basic Integration formula.

Basic Integration Formula
1. Constant Rule: ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶

𝑥 𝑛+1
2. Simple Power Rule: ∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑛+1
+ 𝐶, 𝑛 ≠ −1

𝑑𝑢 𝑢𝑛+1
3. General Power Rule: ∫ 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑛+1
+ 𝐶, 𝑛 ≠ −1

1
4. Simple Log Rule: ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln|𝑥| + 𝐶

1 𝑑𝑢 1
5. General Log Rule: ∫𝑢 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = ln|𝑢| + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥

6. Simple Exponent Rule: ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶

𝑑𝑢
7. General Exponential Rule: ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶

3
Recall the table of integrals for reference

𝑏
How do we evaluate definite integrals ∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 where the substitution
technique may be applied?

Let us first recall how a substitution is done. Consider the indefinite integral
∫(𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥.

In previous module we were taught the substitution rule, which allows us

to solve the given integral without having to perform tedious multiplication at all,
that is, with 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑢 = 𝑥 − 2, we get
∫(𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑦 54 𝑑𝑦 or ∫(𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢 54 𝑑𝑢
1 1
= 𝑦 55 + 𝐶 = 𝑢 55 + 𝐶
55 55
1 1
= (𝑥 − 2)55 + 𝐶 = (𝑥 − 2)55 + 𝐶
55 55

Let’s evaluate the indefinite integral

∫ 𝑥 √𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥
Consider the substitution 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 − 1. Then we have
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

4
Since 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 is already present in the integral, we multiply and divide by 2 to obtain
1 1⁄2
∫ 𝑥 √𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ ⏟ (𝑥 2 − 1) 2𝑥
⏟ 𝑑𝑥
2 1 ⁄2 𝑑𝑢
𝑢

1
= 2
∫ 𝑢 1⁄2 𝑑𝑢

1 𝑢3⁄2
= +𝐶
2 3⁄2

1
= 𝑢 3⁄2 + 𝐶
3

1
= (𝑥 2 − 1)3⁄2 + 𝐶
3

Remember also computing the definite integral using Fundamental

Theorem of Calculus (FTOC) in the previous module.

’s New

The integration technique depends on the ability to recognize (or create)

integrands of the form 𝑢 𝑛 (𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥) or 𝑦 𝑛 (𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥). With more complicated
integrands it can be difficult to recognize the steps needed to rewrite the integrand
in a form that fits a basic integration formula. When this occurs, an alternative
procedure called substitution or change of variables can be helpful. With a
formal change of variables, we completely rewrite the integral in terms of
𝑢 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑢. This technique uses the Leibniz notation for the differential. That is, if
𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥), we write 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑑𝑢, and the General Power Rule takes the form
𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢 𝑛 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥

Integration by Substitution
1. Let 𝑢 or 𝑦 be some functions of 𝑥 (usually one that appears in the integrand).
2. Solve for 𝑥 and 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑢 and 𝑑𝑢.
3. Convert the entire integral to 𝑢-variable form and try to fit it to one (or more) of
the basic integration formulas. If none seems to fit, consider trying a different
substitution.
4. After integrating, rewrite the antiderivatives as a function of 𝑥.

5
 is It

Now, let us consider the definite integral

𝟑
∫ (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟓𝟒 𝒅𝒙
𝟏
How do we evaluate this through substitution?
One of the critical steps in this procedure is rewriting 𝑑𝑥 in terms of the
new variable. In general, if we use the substitution
𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥) or 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦
we have = 𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝑓′(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
and 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

There are two ways of approaching the solution of a definite integral

through substitution.

Method 1
We first consider the definite integral as an indefinite integral and apply the
substitution technique. The answer (antiderivative of the function) is expressed in
terms of original variable and the FTOC is applied using the limits of integration
𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑥 = 𝑏.

3
To illustrate, to integrate ∫1 (𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥, we first apply the substitution
technique to the indefinite integral using substitution 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 or 𝑢 = 𝑥 − 2 and
express the antiderivatives in terms of 𝑥 :
1
∫(𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 − 2)55 + 𝐶
55

6
 We apply the FTOC using the original limits of integration 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 =
3 so we have
upper limit (b): = (𝑥 − 2) = 3 − 2 = 1
lower limit (a): = (𝑥 − 2) = 1 − 2 = −1

𝑏
𝑏
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐹(𝑥) | = 𝐹 (𝑏) − 𝐹(𝑎)
𝑎 𝑎

3
1 3 1 1
∫ (𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 − 2)55 | = (1)55 − (−1)55
1 55 1 55 55

1 1
= 55 + 55

2
= 55
Note that for definite integrals, we can omit the constant of integration C in the
antiderivative since this will cancel when we evaluate at the limits of integration.

Method 2
In this method, the substitution is applied directly to the definite integral
and the limits or bound of integration are also changed according to the
substitution applied. If the substitution 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑜𝑟 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥) is applied, then
limits of integration 𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 𝑏 are changed to 𝑓(𝑎)𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑏), respectively.
The FTOC is then applied to the definite integral where the integral is the function
of 𝑦 𝑜𝑟 𝑢 and using the new limits of integration 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑎) and 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑏).

To illustrate this method, let us consider the same definite integral

3
∫1 (𝑥 − 2)54 𝑑𝑥. Applying the substitution technique, we let 𝑢 = (𝑥 − 2) so 𝑑𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥. For the limits of integration in the given definite integral, these are changed
in accordance to the substitution 𝑢 = 𝑥 − 2.

If 𝑥 = 1, then 𝑢 = 1 − 2 = −1 (lower limit) and if 𝑥 = 3 then 𝑢 = 3 − 2 =

1 (upper limit).

7
 We then apply FTOC to the definite integrable involving the new variable
𝑢 yielding:

3 1
54
∫ (𝑥 − 2) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢 54 𝑑𝑢
1 −1

𝑢55 1
= |
55 −1

(1)55 (−1)55
= −
55 55

(1)55 (1)55
= +
55 55

2
= 55
This alternative solution pays special attention to the bounds of integration
in performing a substitution. The two methods, of course, give the same result.

Let us summarize:

In applying the substitution technique of integration to the definite integral

𝑏
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑎
the integral “ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥” is replaced by an expression in terms of 𝑢 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 where 𝑢
or y is a function of 𝑥, say 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥) which implies 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥. The
antiderivative, say 𝐹(𝑢) is thus expressed as a function of 𝑢.

In the first method, the variable 𝑢 is then expressed in terms of 𝑥 , giving

the antiderivative 𝐹(𝑓(𝑥)) and this is evaluated with the original bounds 𝑥 = 𝑎
and 𝑥 = 𝑏.

In the second method, we proceed with the substitution as above and the
new bounds are computed through the same equation used to perform the
substitution. Thus, if 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥), then the new bounds are
𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑎) and 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑏)
and the definite integral is now expressed as
𝑏 𝑓(𝑏)
∫ (𝑓(𝑥))𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑢) 𝑑𝑦.
𝑎 𝑓(𝑎)

This is known as the Substitution Rule for Definite Integrals.

8
Example 1
2
Compute ∫0 (2𝑥 − 1)3 𝑑𝑥

Solution. Method 1. Let 𝑢 = 2𝑥 − 1. It follows that 𝑑𝑢 = 2 𝑑𝑥. Hence, 𝑑𝑥 =

1
𝑑𝑢.
2

Evaluating the definite integral, we have

1
∫(2𝑥 − 1)3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑢 3 ∙ 𝑑𝑢
2
1
= ∫2 𝑢 3 𝑑𝑢
1
= 2 ∫ 𝑢 3 𝑑𝑢
1 𝑢4
= ∙ +𝐶
2 4
1
= 8 (2𝑥 − 1)4 + 𝐶

So, by FTOC,
2
1
∫ (2𝑥 − 1)3 𝑑𝑥 = (2𝑥 − 1)4 |2
0 8 0
1 1
= (2(2) − 1)4 − (2(0) − 1)4
8 8

1 1
= 8 (3)4 − 8 (−1)4

= 10.125 − 0.125

= 10
1
Method 2. Let 𝑢 = 2𝑥 − 1, and so 𝑑𝑢 = 2 𝑑𝑥. Hence, 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢. The bounds
2
are then transformed as follows:
If 𝑥 = 0, then
𝑢 = 2(0) − 1 = −1
If 𝑥 = 2, then
𝑢 = 2(2) − 1 = 3

The substitution yields the transformed definite integral

3
1
∫ 𝑢 3 ∙ 𝑑𝑢
−1 2
Evaluating the above definite integral,
3 1 3 1
∫−1 𝑢 3 ∙ 2 𝑑𝑢 = ∫−1 2 𝑢 3 ∙ 𝑑𝑢

1 3
= 2 ∫−1 𝑢 3 ∙ 𝑑𝑢

9
 1 1 3
= 2 ∙ 4 𝑢4 |
−1

1
= 8 [(3)4 − (−1)4 ]

1
= 8 [81 − 1]

1
= 8 [80]
= 10

−1
Example 2: Compute ∫−2 √2 − 7𝑥 𝑑𝑥.

1
Solution: Let 𝑦 = 2 − 7𝑥. It follows that 𝑑𝑦 = −7 𝑑𝑥 or 𝑑𝑥 = − 7 𝑑𝑦. For the
transformed bounds:
If 𝑥 = −2, then
𝑦 = 2 − 7(−2) = 16
If 𝑥 = −1, then
𝑦 = 2 − 7(−1) = 9
The substitution yields the transformed definite integral
9 9
1 1
∫ √𝑦 ∙ − 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑦 1⁄2 ∙ − 𝑑𝑦
16 7 16 7

1 9
= − 7 ∫16 𝑦 1⁄2 𝑑𝑦

Or
1 16
= 7 ∫9 𝑦 1⁄2 𝑑𝑦
Hence, we have
−1
1 16 1⁄2
∫ √2 − 7𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
−2 7 9

16
1 2 3⁄2
= 7 ∙ 3𝑦 |
9

2
= 21 [163⁄2 − 93⁄2 ]
2
= 21 (64 − 27)

2
= 21 (37)

74
= 21

10
 1 3
Example 3. Evaluate ∫0 14 √1 + 7𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution. Let 𝑢 = 1 + 7𝑥. Then 𝑑𝑢 = 7𝑑𝑥, and 14𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑑𝑢

If 𝑥 = 0, then 𝑢 = 1. If 𝑥 = 1, then 𝑢 = 8.
Hence,1

1 8
3
∫ 14 √1 + 7𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 2 𝑢 1⁄3 𝑑𝑢
0 1
8
= 2 ∫1 𝑢 1⁄3 𝑑𝑢
8
3 4⁄3
=2 ∙4 𝑢 |
1
8
3
= 2 𝑢 4⁄3 |
1

3
= [84⁄3 − 14⁄3 ]
2

3
= (16 − 1)
2

3
= 2 (15)

45
= 2

2 9𝑥 2
Example 4. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 3 +1)3⁄2

Solution. Let 𝑢 = 𝑥 3 + 1. Then 𝑑𝑢 = 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥, and 9𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 3 𝑑𝑢.

If 𝑥 = 0, then 𝑢 = 1. If 𝑥 = 2, then 𝑢 = 9.
Hence,
2 9𝑥 2 9 3
∫0 𝑑𝑥 = ∫1 𝑑𝑢
(𝑥 3 +1)3⁄2 𝑢 3⁄2

9
= ∫1 3𝑢 −3⁄2 𝑑𝑢

9
= 3 ∫ 𝑢 −3⁄2 𝑑𝑢
1

9
−1⁄2
= 3 ∙ (−2) 𝑢 |
1

11
 9
= −6𝑢 −1⁄2 |
1

= −6[9−1⁄2 − 1−1⁄2 ]

1
= −6 (3 − 1)

2
= −6(− 3)
=4

9 √𝑥
Example 5. Evaluate the integral ∫4 2 𝑑𝑥.
(30−𝑥 3⁄2 )
3
Solution. Notice that if we let 𝑦 = 30 − 𝑥 3⁄2 , then we have 𝑑𝑦 = − 2 𝑥 1⁄2 𝑑𝑥 so
2
that − 3 𝑑𝑦 = √𝑥 𝑑𝑥, which is the numerator of the integrand. Converting the
limits of integration, we have 𝑥 = 4 implying y =22 and 𝑥 = 9 implying 𝑦 = 3.
Thus,
9 3
√𝑥 1 2
∫ 3⁄2 )2
𝑑𝑥 = ∫ ( 2
) (− 𝑑𝑦)
4 (30 − 𝑥 22 𝑦 3
2 3
= − 3 ∫22 𝑦 −2 𝑑𝑦
3
2
= − 3 (−1)𝑦 −1 |
22
3
2
= 3 𝑦 −1 |
22
2 1 2 1
= [(3) (3)] − [(3) (22)]
2 2
= 9 − 66
19
= 99
𝜋
Example 6: Evaluate the integral ∫04 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 2𝑥 cos 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥.
Solution. Let 𝑦 = sin 2𝑥. Differentiating both sides we have, 𝑑𝑦 = 2 cos 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
and cos 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = . Now, when 𝑥 = 0 it implies that 𝑦 = sin 0 = 0 and when
2
𝜋 𝜋
𝑥= implies 𝑦 = sin 2 = 1. Thus,
4
𝜋 𝜋
1
4 4 𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥 cos 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (sin 2𝑥) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑦 3 ∙
3 3
0 0 0 2
1 1
= ∫ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦
2 0
1 1 4 1
= ∙ 𝑦 |
2 4
0

12
 1
1
= 8 𝑦4 |
0
1 1
= [8 ∙ 1] − [8 ∙ 0]
1
=8−0
1
=8

0 3
Example 7. Evaluate ∫−1 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 +1 𝑑𝑥
Solution. Recall that 𝐷𝑡 (𝑒 𝑡 ) = 𝑒 𝑡 , and therefore ∫ 𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑡 + 𝐶. In other words,
the derivative and antiderivative of the exponential are both the exponential itself.

1
Now, let 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 1. Then 𝑑𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥, so that 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 3 𝑑𝑦.
If 𝑥 = −1, then 𝑦 = 0. If 𝑥 = 0, then 𝑦 = 1. Hence,
0 1
2 𝑥 3 +1
1
∫ 𝑥 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
−1 0 3
1
1
= 3 𝑒𝑦 |
0
1
= [𝑒 − 𝑒 0 ]
1
3
1
= 3 (𝑒 − 1)
𝑒−1
= 3
If we are dealing with an integral whose lower limit of integration is greater than
the upper limit, we can use the property that says
𝑏 𝑎
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 .
𝑎 𝑏

13
 0
Example 8. Evaluate the definite integral ∫2 2𝑥(1 + 𝑥 2 )3 𝑑𝑥

Solution. First, note that

0 2
∫ 2𝑥(1 + 𝑥 2 )3 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 2𝑥(1 + 𝑥 2 )3 𝑑𝑥
2 0

Let 𝑢 = 1 + 𝑥 2 so that 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 which is the other factor. Changing the 𝑥 −

𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑠, we have when 𝑥 = 0, then 𝑢 = 1 + 02 = 1 and when 𝑥 = 2, then 𝑢 = 1 +
22 = 5. Thus,

2 5
2 )3
− ∫ 2𝑥(1 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑢 3 𝑑𝑢
0 1
5
𝑢4
= −( 4 )|
1
54 14
= −(4 − )
4
625−1
= −( )
4
624
= − 4
= −156

7
Example 9. Evaluate the definite integral ∫3 𝑥√𝑥 − 3 𝑑𝑥 .
Solution.
Note that, if we use 𝑢 = 𝑥 − 3 we can get 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 which is not found in the
integrand, with this we can use another way of substitution.

We let 𝑢 = √𝑥 − 3 , we have
𝑢2 = 𝑥 − 3
𝑥 = 𝑢2 + 3
𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑢 𝑑𝑢

And the new upper and lower limits of integration are as follows.
When 𝑥 = 7, 𝑢 = √7 − 3 = 2 (upper limit)
When 𝑥 = 3, 𝑢 = √3 − 3 = 0 (lower limit)

Let us substitute, thus the u-variable form of the integral is

7 2
∫ 𝑥√𝑥 − 3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (𝑢 2 + 3)(𝑢)(2𝑢 𝑑𝑢)
3 0
2
= ∫0 (𝑢 3 + 3𝑢)(2𝑢)𝑑𝑢

14
 2
= ∫0 (𝑢 3 + 3𝑢)(2𝑢)𝑑𝑢

2
= ∫0 (2𝑢 4 + 6𝑢 2 )𝑑𝑢

2
2𝑢5 6𝑢3
= + |
5 3
0

2(2)5 6(2)3 2(0)5 6(0)3

= [( + )−( + )]
5 3 5 3

64
=( + 16) − 0
5

144
= 5

’s More

Evaluate the following definite integral using substitution rule.

1
1. ∫0 (2𝑥 − 1)2 𝑑𝑥

7 3
2. ∫0 𝑥 √𝑥 2 + 1 𝑑𝑥

15
 I Have Learned

Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks.

This technique is called (1)__________________, and it involves a change of variable that
permits us to rewrite the integrand in a form to which we can apply the basic integration rules.
If we use substitution
𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑢
we have = (2)__________
𝑑𝑥

and 𝑑𝑢 = (3)__________.

In first method that was discussed, we first consider the definite integral as an indefinite integral
and apply the substitution technique. The answer (antiderivative of the function) is expressed
in terms of original variable and the (4)_________________________ is applied using the
limits of integration 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑥 = 𝑏.
In second method, the substitution is applied directly to the definite integral and the limits or
bound of integration are also changed according to the substitution applied. If the substitution
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑜𝑟 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥) is applied, then limits of integration 𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 𝑏 are changed to
(5)__________𝑎𝑛𝑑 (6)____________, respectively. The FTOC is then applied to the definite
integral where the integral is the function of 𝑦 𝑜𝑟 𝑢 and using the new limits of integration 𝑢 =
𝑓(𝑎) and 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑏).

I Can Do
1
Evaluate the definite integral ∫0 (4𝑥 + 1)2 𝑑𝑥

and sketch the graph and the region whose area is represented by this integral.

16
Evaluate the definite integral using substitution rule.
6 𝑑𝑥
1. ∫1
√𝑥+3

2 (𝑥+1) 𝑑𝑥
2. ∫−1 √𝑥 2
+2𝑥+4

1 3
3. ∫−1 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
4. ∫𝜋 𝑑𝑥
2 √1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

2 3𝑥
5. ∫1 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 2 +1)3

17
 18
PRETEST
26 13 1209
1. 3. 5.
3 320 28
144
2. 36 4.
5
What’s More
1
1.
3
2. 68.6
What I have learned
1. Substitution
2. f’(x)
3. f’(x) dx
4. FTOC (Fundamental Theorem of Calculus)
5. f(a)
6. f(b)
Assessment
1. 2
2. √3
𝑒 2 −1
3.
3𝑒
4. −2√2 + 1
63
5.
400
References
Jose Maria P. Balmaceda, Ph.D. Teaching Guide for Senior High School BASIC CALCULUS.
Quezon City: Commission on Higher Education, 2016

Roland E. Larson, BRIEF CALCULUS with Application. Canada: D. C. Health and Company,
1987.

https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/com.

19