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Unit 7 Topic 1 Meaning, Characteristics, Values of Research To Mankind and Classification of Research

Unit 7 focuses on developing effective technical writing skills for academic purposes. It aims to help students become accomplished writers through research writing. The unit covers the meaning of research, its characteristics and values. It also differentiates between the types of research, including basic research, applied research and empirical research. Research can be classified in various ways, such as evaluation research, research and development, action research, library research, field study and laboratory research. The overall goal is for students to learn the basics of research and how to craft a publishable academic paper.

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175 views

Unit 7 Topic 1 Meaning, Characteristics, Values of Research To Mankind and Classification of Research

Unit 7 focuses on developing effective technical writing skills for academic purposes. It aims to help students become accomplished writers through research writing. The unit covers the meaning of research, its characteristics and values. It also differentiates between the types of research, including basic research, applied research and empirical research. Research can be classified in various ways, such as evaluation research, research and development, action research, library research, field study and laboratory research. The overall goal is for students to learn the basics of research and how to craft a publishable academic paper.

Uploaded by

Behappy 89
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 7: Communication for Academic Purposes

Unit 7: Communication for Academic Purposes

Introduction

English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teaches students to use language


appropriately to study and publish in the academy. It is concerned with researching
and teaching the English needed by those who use the language to perform academic
tasks (Maggie 2013).
According to Hyland & Hamp-Lyons (2002), English for Academic purposes has
emerged out of the broader field of English for specific purposes, defined by its focus
on teaching English specifically to facilitate learners study or research through the
medium of English.
This unit aims at developing effective technical writing skills to help students become
accomplished writer by doing research writing.
So, sharpen your writing skills and capture a place in the global community.
Start writing NOW!

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, you are expected to:
1. develop your research skills and competencies;
2. familiarize yourselves with the basic parts of research;
3. learn the technical know-how in writing the basic parts of research;
4. write a research paper following the given format.
Unit 7: Communication for Academic Purposes

Topic 1: Meaning, Characteristics, Values of Research to


Mankind and Classification of Research

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. define research;
2. give the different characteristics of research;
3. explain values of research to man;
4. differentiate the types of research;
5. discuss the classification of research.

Presentation of Content:
Doing research is not a mean thing. It is a rigorous activity which requires your
understanding, interpretation, note taking strategies, paraphrasing and
summary skills.
It is even thought as frightening and paralyzing activity but with the help of
your professors, who will serve as your research coaches, you will feel more
comfortable and be more engaged in producing research paper.
In this lesson, you will learn the basics of research. You will be acquainted with
the meaning, relevance and purpose, characteristics and kinds of research.
Ultimately, you will learn how to craft a publishable academic paper.

What is Research?
Experts defined research in different perspectives. Their own definition is based on
their own field of specialization and interest. However, their definitions are geared to
the basic meaning of research which is applied in any field of study. The following
experts define research as follows:
According to Adanza, Bermudo, Rasonable (2009), research is looking for answers to
a query using the most logical and valid methods. Baac (2008), discoursed that
researched is the process by which the collection and analysis of data to generate a
theory or test a theory is done systematically.
On the other hand, Calmorin (2007) defines research as the scientific investigation of
phenomena which includes collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of
Unit 7: Communication for Academic Purposes

facts that link an individuals’ speculation with reality. Moreover, Dejillas(2000)


expresses that research is a systematic and scientific way of investigating a problem
with the view of understanding it and finding solutions to it.
Lastly, Mugo (2000), states that research is a careful or diligent search, studious
inquiry or examination especially investigation or experimentation aimed at the
discovery or interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light
of new facts or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws. It can
also be the collection of information about a particular subject.

Characteristics of Research
According to Calmorin(2007), research has the following characteristics.
1. Empirical- research is based on direct experience or observation by the
researcher.
2. Logical- Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
3. Cyclical- Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and
ends with a problem.
4. Analytical- Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the
data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental or case study.
5. Critical- Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
6. Methodical- Research is conducted in methodical manner without bias using
systematic method and procedures.
7. Replicable- The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to
enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
Moreover, other characteristics of research were stressed as follows:
1. Research originates with a question or a problem.
2. Research requires a clear articulation of a goal.
3. Research follows a specific plan of procedure.
4. Research usually divides the principal problem into more manageable sub-
problems.
5. Research is guided by a specific research problem, question or hypothesis.
6. Research accepts certain critical assumptions.
Unit 7: Communication for Academic Purposes

7. Research requires the collection and interpretation of data in attempting to


resolve the problem that initiated the research.

Values of Research to Man


Research is said to affect people’s lives and endeavor. Calmorin (2007) listed the
following values of research to man.
1. Research improves quality of life.
2. Research improves instruction.
3. Research improves students’ achievement.
4. Research improves teachers’ competence.
5. Research satisfies man’s needs.
6. Research reduces the burden of work.
7. Research improves the exportation of food products.
8. Research responds to the economic recovery and austerity measure of the
country.
9. Research trains graduates to become responsive to the economic
development of the country and compete globally.
Kinds of Research
There are three kinds of research according to Adanza, Bermudo, Resonable (2009):
Basic Research deals with the processes of objects and things, or information
about different topics with no concern for a direct pay-off.
Applied Research probes into the unknown using directly the results to a
current problem.
Empirical Research is more specific than basic research, but implies its nature
from the use of data, whether quantitative or qualitative.
Classification of Research
Research can be classified as follows:
Evaluation Research. This is concerned with the application of theories and
facts in evaluating the relative worth of two or more possible alternatives or
decisions.
Unit 7: Communication for Academic Purposes

Research and Development. This research is concerned with the application of


existing theories or body of knowledge in developing new products, systems
or procedures.
Action Research. This is concerned with the application of existing theories in
the conceptualization of a possible alternative solution to an existing problem
situation.
Library Research. Research is conducted in the library. Data needed to solve the
research problems are available in the library.
Field Study. Research is conducted in the natural setting.
Laboratory Research. Research is conducted in artificial or controlled
conditions by isolating the study.

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