GEOGRAPHIA ANTIQUA ET NOVA: 4& Se aS ORAS Oo ttle SYSTEM OF ANTIENT and MODERN GEOGRAPHY, WITHA rts he SETT of MAPS Engraven from Ceviarius’s. DESIGNED FOR The Ufe of Scuoous, and of GentiemMen, who make the AnrizenT Wrirers their Delight or Study. ‘Tranflated fromthe French of Mr.L7 ABBE’ DU FRESNOY, with great Additions and Improvements, fom ProLremy, STRABO Cretrarius, &, To which is added a Large INDEX, LONDON: Printed for Jouw and Pavt Kwapron, at the Crown in Ludgate-Strect. MDCCXLIL‘( iii) THE PREFACE. HE following Treatife of Geography, defigned for the Ufe of Schools, and of Gentlemen who delight in the ftudy of Antient Hiftory, con- tains a Defcription, and the feveral Divifions of the World, from the earlieft Hiftorical Times, to the Fall of the Ro- man Empire. As there was nothing exatly of the fame Nature extant before, ’tis to be hoped, that it will be ac- ceptable to the Public. We need not here enlarge upon the Ufefulnefs of fuch a Defign: For it is univerfally agreed, that one of the moft ufeful, agreeable, and entertaining Sciences, is that of Geography. It fhows us, as in a Glafs, the whole World ; brings every Part of it to our view; and makes us acquainted, with very little Charge, and without the Trouble, Danger, or Fatigue of Travelling, with the moft diftant Countries. Without the help. of this faithful Guide, the Reader of an Hiftory, or even of a Book of Travels, is loft and bewilder’d ; not able to forma clear and diftiné Idea of what he is about ; nor capable of reaping from it fo much Inftruation, or Pleafure as he would otherwife. A2 GroGRAPHYiv PREFACE Geocraruy being a Science of fuch great'and general Ufe, care ought to be taken to facilitate the Study of it, as much as poffible. Several have attempted fo to do} but, by being either too prolix or too concife; for want of Method, Order, and Clearnefs ; or by fome other im- proper Means, they have rather perplexed than illuftrated fo plain and agreeable a Subject. The antienteft Geogra~ phical Writer extant, is Strabo, anative of Apamea in Cappadocia, who flourifhed in the reigns of Auguftus and Tiberius. _He wrote feventeen: Books of / Geography. ; whereof the two firft contain: ‘the do¢trinal part-of ‘Geo- graphy in general: the third, defcribes Spain’ -the fourth, Gallia, and the Britifh MMands: ‘the fifth, and fixth, Italy : the feventh, Germany, the Getz, &c. Illyricum, Epirus, and Taurica Cherfonefus: the eighth, ninth, and tenth, contain Greece, and the neighbouring Iflands: the next four, have Afia intra Taurum : the two next, Afia extra Taurum, India, Affyria, Babylonia, Syria, Arabia, &c. and, laftly, the feventeenth Book defcribes Egypt, Zthio- pia, Carthage, and the reft of Africa. He delivers things with more Accuracy than thofe who had preceeded him ; but he is too much an Hiftorian to be a good Geogra- pher; and wanting Tables and Maps, and the Longitudes and Latitudes being things beyond his skill, without which it is fcarce poffible to fix places aright, he is guilty of great Miftakes, * The next confiderable Writer of Geo- graphy, was Claudius Ptolemaus, an Egyptian by Birth, who * See Refleétions upon Learning, €¢. by the late learned 7. Baker, B. D. sth Edition 1714. p. 165. and Ductor Hiftoricus, €c. Edit. third.’ 1714. Pp. 428,PREFACE. v who flourifhed: at. Alexandria ,in the reign of M, Aurelius " Antoninus. He was the firft who “reduc’d Geography’ to Art; form’d a Syftem of the Univerfe; aflign’d the Dif tance and Magnitude of the celeftial Bodies; prefcrib’d the Methods. of, difcovering Longitude and Latitude by obfervations. of the. fix’d Stars, ~ and the’ couple” of “the Planets; invented the Meri¢ Parallels, and form’d a fett of Geographical Charts. ” Geography is in fevent Books. He. was a Perfon of the greateft Judgment, In- duftry,and"Learning ; !and cultivated Aftronomy beyond any that had gone before him. His Invention, of apply- ing Aftronomy to the illuftration of Geography, has been infinitely ufeful to Mankind. But ftill, notwithftanding all his Advantages, he fell into many and great Errors. The other antient Geographers, are Dionyfius Alexan- drinus, Stephanus Byzantinus, Paufanias, Pomponius Mela, Hanno, Scylax, Agatharcides, Dicearchus, Stym- nus Chius, Agathemeris, &c, which are very’ imperfed, and abound with Faults. : Tue prefent Work is defign’d, to fupply the Wants of thofe Writers, to correct their Miftakes, and to bring their voluminous Books into a narrow Compaf. It is extratt- ed from the beft and moft authentic Authors; namely Strabo, and Ptolemy, C. Plinii Hiforia Naturalis, An- tonini Itinerarium, C. Cellarii Geographia, Brietii Pa- rallela Geographia Veteris & Novae, Cluverius, Camden's Britannia ; and the moft approv’d Writers of Geography, both Antient and Modern. ‘The Plan and Form of it, is taken from the Methede pour etudier la Geographie, Par Mf Abbé Lenglet du Frefney. Tome. Paris 1736, 8°. Improved“Weo#2«J« PREFACE Improved, ‘with great Additions” from" Prolemy, Pliny, Cellarius, Bc. . ae . tw» Tux Reader is defired to obferve, that the Spaces, thus — are to fhow the Diftin@ion between the feveral Names of Places: Thofe in Italic, are the antient Names, and thofe in the Roman Charadter, the Modern. Puriip, MoranT. Additions and Correétions. pest afiglite 14 and 12» read thus. 4d‘anfam, Stratford in Suffolk —— Cans. nium, Witham ——Cafaromagus, Writtle, “P:'1x. 1. 4. after Conoglogh, addy Chief Town,——Daurona, Cork. P. 28. 1. 32. yead:Condivincum, P. 52,1,27. dele Vendenis. P. 59. after line 24, add 5. Pelafgistis ; which contained——Scotu(é, and Gounus, ot Gonufa, unknown — Peneus fev, the Salampria—— Pamijus ‘the, the Pontigharamenta —— Titaryfius fc, the Titel. P. Go. line 13. alter Paleras, add —— Echinus, Tolges, P. 63. 1.13. dele Lebadia, Badia. B.65. 1. 20. dele, Za rex, ot Zarax, Cara. P. 75, 1.'8. read, Utens, P. 82, iti, add ——Coridli. P.85. 1. 28. after Calvi, add ——. P. 87.1. 5, after Sclentini, add, P. 109. L. 10. dele Tyana. P. 115, 1. 5. dele Ziph. P. 115. L. 28. after Emmaus — Hai, P. 125, 1. 30. after Boftra, add, The laft were the AMALEKITES, P, 133. hrs. dele Gabena, P. 135. 1.'26, after Apa, add, fuppofed to be Ifpahan. THETHE CONTENTS. HAP. I. Lhe general Divifion of the World according to the Ancients. Page 1 Of Water, and the Seas. ibid. CHAP. Ul, Of Europe in general, and the Britife lands. 5 CHAP. IL. Of Spain 2 " tnatbee Div) ifton of Spain according to. Pliny. 20 The Divifion of Spain according to the Notitia Imperii. 25 CHAP. IV. Of Gaul. 22 ‘The Divifion of Gaul according to-F. Cefar. ibid. Anather Divifion of Gaul made by Auguftus. 23 ‘The Divifion of Gaul according to the Notitia Imperii. 3r CHAP. V. Of Germany. 35 1. Ttevones. 36 2. Hermiones. 37 3. Vindili. 39 4. Northern Provinces fubjelf to Germany. 40 5. Southern Provinces fubjel? to Germany. 4r Helvetia, ibid. Rbetia. 42 Vindelicia. 43 Noricum. ibid. CHAP. VL oF Sarmatia Europea, 44 ii. 45 2. Venedi, or Winide. ibid. 3. Bafterna or Peucini. ibid. 4. Tyragete. ibid. 5. Roxolani. 46 6. Riphaces or Riphei. 47 CHAP, VIL. Of Trica. ibid, ibid. Liburnia. 2. Dalmatia,The CONTENTS 2. Dalmatia. © 8 3. Pannonia, , -Y he Divifion of Dbyricum according tp the Netra ‘nie . CHAP, VII. Of Da “ae 1. Dacia vera. 2. Tazyges Metanafte, “ 3. Mafia or Myfia, ‘ Obi 5 Moa Superior. Mafia Inferior, or Scythia minor. ibid, The Divifion of Dacia, or Mlyricum Oeil accord. ing to the Notitia Imperit.." >: 1. Diccefis Thracia, . 2. Diecefis Dacia. a Sk 54 3. Diacefis' Macedonia, ibid. CHAP. IX. Of Greece. 55 1. Regnum: Macedonicum. 7 ibid. Macedonia, Part the Firft. ' ibid, Part the, Second. wk 56 Part the Third. ‘57 Part the Fourth, 58 Golfs about Macedon, ibid, 2. Theffaly. 59 3. Epirus. : ibid. 4. Thracia. bid. Of Thrace on this Side Monte Argentaro, 60 Thrace beyond Mount Argentaro. 61 Of the Thracian Cherfonefus, or Peninfula of Romania. 62 IL. Grecia Vera. 62 1. Achaia, or Hellas. ibid. 2, Peloponnefus, or Morea. 64 Achaia propria. ibid Argia or Argolis. ibid. Laconia, 65 Mefenia, ibid. Eks. 66 Arcadia. ibid. Golfs about Peloponnefus. ibid. 3. The [ands of Greece 67 The Ilands in the Ionian Sea. ibid, The lands in the Zgean Sea, or Archipelago. 68 CHAP. X. Of Itay. 70 Art. I. Italie Pars Septentrionalis. ibid. 1. GalliaTh CONTENTS Gallia Gfalpina. 70 Venetia. ibid. Pars Rhatia. 72 Gallia Tranfpadana, ibid. Gallia Cifpadana. 74 - Liguria. 75 I. Tufcia or Etruria. 76 Tufcia Trans-Arnum. ibid. Tufcia or Etruria Cis Anum, ibid. mL. Umbria. 78 Iv. Sabinia, Vv. 79 Latium. ibid. Roma, 80 Latium, 8r Rutuli. 82 Voli. ibid. Muranci. ibid. Hernici. 8 Aqui, or Zguicoli. ibid, Aart, Il. ‘Italie Pars Miridionalis. ibid. Samnium, ibid. iL ia. 8. Compani a 5 Magna Grecia. 86 Apulia. ibid. Gnotria. 87 Art. IIL. Of the [ands of Italy. 89 oF Sicily. 90 Of the fall Ylands that lie round Sicily. 93 Corfica, 94 Sardinia, ibid. Osher Divifions of ancient Italy. 95 The Divifion of Italy by Auguftus. ‘The Diftribution made by the Emperor Antonine. Fy The Divifion of Italy by Conftantine, ibi CHAP. XL. OF fa 99 Northern part of Afia. ibid. Sarmatia, ibid. Scythia intra Imaum, 100 (a) ScythiaCHAP. XII. The weftern, or middle Part of Afia. Art. I. ‘Agr. IL. Of Syria. Arr. IIL. Th CONTENTS. Scythia extra Imaum. 101 Serica or Serum Regio. ibid. Terra Septentrionalis Incognita, 102 Of fia Minor. Myja. Treas. Fialia, Ionia, Caria. Lycia. Lydia or Meconia. Bithynia, Papblagonia. Pontus, Cappadocia. Cilicia. Tauria. : Pamplylia. Pifdia, Lyconia. Amynte Regnum. ‘The Ilands of Afia Minor. Syria. Pbenice. Palaftina, Chanaan, or Terra Sandia. Paleftine divided into Tribes. Paleftine divided into Kingdoms. The Divifion of Palefine nto Tetrarchies. ibid, Galilea, 119 Samaritis, or Samaria, ibid. Judea, ibid. The Country of the Philiftines. 120 Trachonitis. ibid. Tturaa. 121 Perea, ibid. The ancient Inbabitants of Paliftine, or the Land of Chanaan. ibid. Of Armenia. 122 Armenia Major. ibid. Armenia Minor. 123 AMbania, ibid. Iberia, ibid. Colchis.Th CONTENTS Colchis, Bofphorani. Meaota. Ant. IV. Of Arabia. Arabia Petrea, Arabia Deferta. Arabia Felix. CHAP. XII. Of the Perfian or Parthian Empire. Aat. I. Afjria. Mefopotamia, Babylonia. Chaldaea. Afpria. Art. IL Of Media. ‘Art. Il. Perfis, or Perfia. Arr. IV. Parthia and Hyrcania. Parthia. ‘ Hyrcania. Art. V. Margiana, Baftriana, and Sogdiana. Arr. VI. Aria. CHAP. XIV. The Southern part of Afia, or the Indies. India intra Gangem. India extra Gangem. 139 Sinarum Regio. ibid. Infuta in Mari Indico. ibid. CHAP. XV. Of Africa. rar Aart. 1. Zgpius. ibid. Agyptus Inferior. 142 Aegyptus Superior. 145 Places belonging to Egypt. 147 Egypt, according to the Bible. 148 Agr. UL Lybia. ibid. Art. Il. Africa Propria or Syrtica Regio. 150 Arr. IV. Numidia, 152 Arr. V. Mauretania. 153 Art. VL ie Interior or Ulterior. 154 Aar. VII. Of 4thiopia. 155 Aat. VIL The Jlands of Africa. 157 TheThe OR DER in which the MAPS are to be placed. L RBIS Terrarum veteribus cogniti Tabula. 2. Infularum Britannicarum facies Antiqua, 3. Hifpania Antiqua. 4. Gallia Narbonenfis, Lugdunenfis, & Aquitania, 5. Gallia Belgica. 6. Germania Antiqua, 7. Vindelicia, Rhztia, Noricum. 8. Sarmatia. g- Pannonia, Moefia, Dacia, Illyricum, 10. Grecia Antiqua. 11. Macedonia, Theffalia, Epirus. 12, Thracia Antiqua. 13.,Hellas five Gracia propria, 14. Italia Antiqua, 15. Gallia Cifalpina, 16, Italia media five propria. 17. Latii utriu(que delineatio. 18, Grecia Magna, five pars ultima Italie, 19. Regiones Italie, ex Augufti Cafaris divifione, 20. Sicilia Antiqua. 21. Scythia & Serica. 22, Afia Minor. 23. Syria. 24. Paleftina, five Terra Sancta. 25. Bofporus, Maotis, Iberia, Albania, & Sarmatia Afiatica, 26. Arabia Petraa & Deferta, 27. Mefopotamia & Arabia. 28. Oriens, Perfia, India, Ge. 29. Lgypti Delta, & Nili Oftia, 30. Agyptus & Cyrenaica, 31. Africa Propria. 32. Mauretania, & Numidia, 33+ Africa Interior. CHAP.(1) CHAP. IL The general Divifion of the World, according to the An- cients. HE World was formerly, as now, divided into Lanp and WarTER. The Land, or the Earth, has not always been divided by the Ancients in the fame manner; but moft commonly into three parts, fia, Europa, and Africa. Some divided it only into two, namely fia and Europa, becaufe under Europe, Africa was included. By others, though but feldom, it was divided into four, Afia, Europa, Africa, and Egypt: the laft being made one of the General Parts of the World, on account of its populoufnefs ; for there were reckoned as many Inhabitants in it as in any of the other three fingly confidered. Finally, by others, the Terraqueous Globe was divided into 4fia, Africa, Europa, and Greece ; the latter being diftinguithed from the reft of Europe. But as the firft Diftribution is the moft common, I think it beft to adhere thereto. The World, as far as it was known to the Ancients, confidered as one continued Traét, was thus bounded on the outer fides. Upon the Weft, by the Atlantic Ocean: On the North, by the Northern or Fro- zen Sea: By the Tartarian or Indian Ocean on the Ea/?: And on the South, by the Ethiopic or Indian Ocean. But, with regard to each other, the Three Continents were thus bounded. Afia was parted from Europe by the River Tanais or Don ; and by the Nile from Africa: Which on the North was divided from the two other Continents by the Mediterranean-Sea. Of Water. The Water in general is divided into Oceans, Seas, Gulfs, Straits, Lakvs, and Rivers, The Oceans are, Oceanus Septemtrionalis, five Hyperboreus, qui @ glacialis, the Northern Ocean, or Frozen Sea: Oceanus Eous, five Orientalis, Mar del zur: Oceanus Meridionalis, five Auftralis, the B Indian(2) Indian and Ethiopic Ocean: And Oceanus occiduus, five Heperius, qui & Ailanticus, the Great or Atlantic Ocean. But the Ancients negleéting thefe accurate Diftintions, have given the Name of Mare, or Sea, to any large Collection of Water, though it was only a Lake or a Bay. And that great Body of Water where- with the Earth is furrounded, they divided into two general Parts, Mare Externum, and Mare Internum. Mare ExTernum comprehended all that lay beyond Hercules’s Pillars, or without the Straits of Gibraltar ; and was (as above) divided into four great Parts, Oceanus SEPTEMTRIONALIS, or the Northern Ocean, was di- vided into Mare Britannicum, the Britifh Sea, and Mare Aréloum;, the North Sea. The Britis Sea was fab-divided into eight Parts, namely, 1. Oce- nus Callaicus, the Sea of Gallicia, and part of the Bay of Bifcay. 2. Oceanus Cantabricus, part of the Bay of Bifcay. 3. Oceanus A- guitanicus, on the Coaft of Guieine. “4. Oceanus Britannicus, the Britifh Channel. 5. Oceanus Germanicus, the German Ocean. 6 Oceanus Hibernicus, part of St. George’s Channel, 7. Oceanus Ver- ginius, part of the fame. 8, Oceanus Deucaledonius, the Sea between North Britain and Ifeland. Mare Arétoum, the North Sea, was divided into three Parts ; namely, 1. Mare Almactium, feu Scytbicum. 2. Mare Chronium, “feu Sarmaticum, 3. Mare Pigrum, feu Glaciale: Which ibree Divifions comprehend only the Northern Ocean, or Frozen Sea, that was thus divided into three Parts by the Ancients, And un- der this head might be placed the Szzzs Codanus, now called the Bal- tick Sea. Oceanus Eous, was divided into Mare Eoum, properly fo called, which is part of the Sea of China, the Archipelago of St. Lazarus, and part of the South Sea; and into Mare Eoum Sericum, part of the aftern Ocean on the Coaft of Tartary. ‘AustTrALis OcrANus, or the Southern Ocean, was divided into— Oceanus Indicus, the Indian Ovean,—Mare Erythraum, the Red Sea, —and Oveanus Erhiopicus, the Ethiopic Ocean. And the Red-Sea was fabdivided into Sinus Arabicus, the Sea of Mecca, or Jam Suph 5 Si nus Perficus, the Perfian Sea, and Gulf of Baflora ; and Arabicum Mare, on the Coafts of Arabia, Ocr-(3) Oceanus Occipuvs, five He/perius, was, what is now called, the Weftern Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the weftern part of the Ethiopian Ocean, Maze Inrernom, or the Mediterranean Sea, better known to the Ancients, and of greater account with them than the Mare Externum, was divided into eight Parts; viz, 1. Mare Sardoum, the Sea of Sat- dinia, which reached from the Straits of Gibraltar to the Ifland of Sar- dinia, This was fub-divided into five Parts, namely, Mare Ibericum, near the Straits of Gibraltar, between Fez and Algiers in Affica, and the Kingdoms of Granada, Murcia, and Valentia, in Spain. More Balearicum, reaching from the Wands Majorca and Minorca, anciently called Balearides, to Roufillon. Mare Gallicum, along the Coafts of Languedoc and Provence. Mare Ligufticum, from the Coafts of Provence as far as the Ifland of Corfica. Mare Sardoum, the Sea of Sardinia properly fo called, extending from that Ifland acrofs the Me- diterranean to the Coaft of Barbary. 2. Mare Inferum, otherwife called Tyrrbenum, Tufeum, and Au- Jfoniun, watered the Coafts of Tufcany, and lay between Sardinia, Corfica, and the Straits of Sicily. 3. Mare Ionium, the Ionian Sea, extended from Sicily as far as the Ile of Crete or Candia. It was otherwife called Mare Chronium, Cel- ticum, Adriaticum or Adrias, dufoniun, and Siculum: And contain- ed thefe three Parts, Sinus Jonicus or Adriativus, the Adriatic Sea, or Gulf of Venice; Mare Ionicum, the Ionian Sea proper, from the Gulf of Venice, along the Coafts of Greece, towards the Morea ; and Mare Aufonium or Siculum, from Sicily to the Peloponnefus or Morea. 4. Mare Bgcum, the Egean Sea, or the Archipelago, anciently called allo Mare Caricum, Minsium, Gracum, Melas, Afiaticum, and Argolicum, Jay between Crete, the Morea, Greece, the Dardanelles or Straits of Gallipoli, Afia minor or Natolia, and the Ile of Rhodes. It was divided into nine Parts, namely,—Mure Creticum, Mare di Candia, between the Morea and Crete—Mare Saronicum, between the Morea and Attica— Mare Macedonium, along the Coafts of Ma- cedonia and Thrace— Mare Gracienfi, adjoining to Greece— Mare Agewn proper, between the Ifles of Eubaw, or Negropont, and Len os, now called Stalimena— Mare Icarium, between the Ifles of Sa- mos, Chios, and Icaria—Mare Myrtoum, the Sea of Mandria, be- Ba tween(4) tween the Ifles of Mandria, Cos, and Samos—Triopium Mare, on the Coaft of Doris—Mare Carpathium and Rhodienfe, between the Ilands of Carpathus, now Scarpanto, and Rhodes. Tn this Sea were likewife the following Bays or Gulfs, Laconicus Sinus, the Gulf of Colochina; Argolicus Sinus, the Gulf of Napoli; Pelagicus Sinus, ot Thermaicus Sinus, Gulf of Salonichi; Singiticaus Sinus, Gulf of Monte Santo; Strysonicus Sinus, Gulf of Conteffa ; Melanus Sinus, 8c. 5» Mare Partkenium, ot Sinus Virginis, now the Gulf of Satalia, was divided into feven Parts, viz. Mare Lycium, on the Eaft of the Te of Rhodes ; Mare Pamphylium, Welt of Cyprus; Mare Ifficum or Cilicium, North of the Ifle of Cyprus; Mare Syriacum, between the Ifle of Cyprus and Syria; Mare Phenicium, on the Coaft of Pa- leftine; Mare Ionium alterum, from Paleftine to Egypt; Mare E- gyptium or Pharium, on the Coafts of Egypt. 6. Mare Lyhicum, was divided into two Parts ; namely, Mare Ly- bicum proprie, on the Coatt of Barca; and Mare Africanum, along the Coafts of Tripoli and Biferta. 7. Pontus Euxinus, Mare Maggiore, or the Black Sea, is divided into two Parts, the Eaftern and the Weftern. 8. Above it, is, Palus Meotis, the Sea of Zabacche or Tana, which difcharges itfelf into it by the Straits of Caffa. 8. And below the Pontus Euxinus, is Propontis, or Sea of Marmo- ra, reaching from the Dardanelles to Conftantinople. g. To which may be joined that great Lake, called Mare Cafpium, and now the Sea of Bachu, or Sala, or More Gualenfkoi.. It was for- merly divided into four Parts; Mare Scythicum, Albanium, Cajpium, and Hyrcanum. Hellefpontus, and Bofphorus, or Bofporus, Thracius, are two Straits ; the firft whereof is now called The Straits of Gallipoli; and the fe- cond, The Straits of Conftantinople. CHAP.(5) CHAP. IL Of Europe in general, and the Britifb Iflands. Jatia, and Celtica, but moft commonly Europa. This Part, always more efteemed than the reft, either upon account of its ‘Temperature, or the Character of its Inhabitants, was bounded on the North and Weft by the Mare Exterum or Great Ocean; on the South by the Mare Internum ot Mediterranean; and on the Eaft by the Tanais or Don: though others have fixed its Bounds on that fide, at the Phafis or Hypanis in Old Georgia, fome at the Danube, fome at the Rha or Wolga, and Ody, and others at the Carambyce, fappo- fed to be the Dwina in Mufcovy. The Languages {poken in Europe were, The Sarmatian, which is thought to be the fameas the Sclavonian, the Celtic, Greek, and Latin. Europe was divided into nine Parts, namely, I. The Britith Mes, Infule Britannice. Ml. Spain, Hifpania. WI. Gaul, Gallia. IV. Germany, Germania. V. Sarmatia, which contained Poland, and pat of Mufcovy. VI. Dacia, part of Hungary and Tranfilvania, VIL. Zhricum, part of Auftria and Hungary, Sclavonia, Bofnia, and Dalmatia, VIII. Greece. IX. Italy. ‘Thefe feveral Parts were not all divided into Provinces, but fome- times into Provinces, and fometimes into People or Nations, as will afterwards appear. E UROPE was fometimes called by the Ancients Tyria, Ga- Of the Briti~s lands. The Name of Infidee Britannica, ot Britith Ilands, was given by the Ancients to thofe Iflands that lie in the North-weft Corner of Eu- rope, which they looked upon asa diftin& World from their own, peniths tot0 divijes orbe Britannos, "They divided them into three Parts: viz. Albion, Hibernia, and the Leiter Wands, Minores Infule. ALBion, called otherwife Britannia Major, and now Great Bri- tain, contained England and Scotlund, as it does at prefent. Tt was divided into two Parts, Aldion citerior, or South-Britain, which was conquered(6) conquered by the Romans, and Albion ulterior, or North-Britain, of which they fabdued but a very fmall part. ALBION CITERIOR, which is properly England, was divided into two Parts, Superior, and Inferior, the higher and the lower. ‘The former contained thefe three Provinces, Britannia Prime, Fla- via Cafarienfis, and Britannia Secunda. Albion Inferior, compre- hhended Maxima Cafarienfis, and Valentia. I. Britannia Prima, {o called becaufe it was the firft the Romans conquered, was divided into Six Parts, according to the Names of its Inhabitants, namely, 1. Cantii, Kent. Chief Towns in it, Durovernum, ot Doroberni- um, Canterbury — Dubris, Dover — Rutupia, or Rutupis, Richbo- rough—Portus Lemanis, Stutfall-Caftke—Regulbium, Reculver— Durobrivis, or Durobrevis, Rochefter—Vagniaca, Maidftone— Durolenum, Lenham—Anderida, Newenden. To them al- fo belonged, oliapis, Shepey-Iland ; and Tanetos, the Mle of Thanet. 2. Regni, Surrey, Suffex, and the South part of Hambhire, Chief Towns therein, Noiomagus, Woodcote—Ozhona, Haftings—Clau- fentum, Trifantonis Portus, Southampton— Portus Magnus, Port- chefter— Portus Adurni, Ederington- Veétis, Vetta, Vebi the Ile of Wight, belonged alfo to them. 3. Belg, Somerfethire, Wilthhire, and the North part of Ham- fhire. Chief Towns, Aque calide, or Solis, Bath—Theodorunum, Wells— Sorbiodunum, or Sorviedunum, Old Sarum— Ellandunum, Wilton — Cunetio, Marlborough — Jchalis, Ivelchefter —Verlicio, ‘Werminfter— Brage, Broughton—Vindonum Segontiacorum, Silche- fter—Venta, Winchefter ——The Segontiaci, and Matz, lived alfo among the Belge. 4. Atrebates, Atrebati, or Atribatii, Berkthire. Chief Towns ; Calleva, Callena, ot Galleva, Wallingford— Spine, Spene.—In this Diftri&t dwelt the Ancalites and Brbroci, 5. Durotriges, Dorfethhire. Chief Towns; Dunium, Durnium, ot Durnovaria, Dorchefter —Vindogladia, Winbourn. 6. Danmonii, ot Dumnonti, Cornwall and Devonthire. Chief Towns; Voliba, Falmouth—Usxells, Leftwithiel— Tamara, Va- merton— Moridunum, Seaton —Ifca, or Hitca, Exet Here wos alfo, Danmonium Promontorium, or Ocrinum, the Lizard-point— Boleriunt,(7) Bolerium, or Antivefeum Promontorium, the Land's End. rum Infule, or Cafiterides, the Scilly ands. Il. The fecond Province called Flavia Cafarienfis, from Flavius, the Emperor Theodofius’s Son, was alfo divided into /ix Parts, ac- cording to the Number of the feveral People by which it was inhabi~ ted, vz. 1. Trinobantes, Middlefex and Effex. Chief Towns, Londinum, Londinium, and Lundonia, London— Colonia-Camalodunum, or Ca- mudolanum, by fome fappofed to be Maldon, but more truly Colche- fter—Ad anfam, a Place about Witham—Cafaromagus, Dunmow— Canonium, Writtle—Durolitum, Brentwood, or near it—Orhona, I- thanchefter—Sulloniace, Brockley-hill. 2. Iceni, Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridgthire, and Huntingdonthire. Chief Towns, Venta Icenorum, Catte-—Gariannonum, Yarmouth, or Burg-Caftle—Sitomagus, Thetford—Combretonium, or Cambretovium, Brettenham—Villa Fauffini, St, Edmund’s-bury—Iciani, Ichborough. —Brannodunum, Brancafter—Durobrive, Dornford or Brig-cafterton —Camboritum, ot Camboricum, Grantcefter, or Cambridge—Durof- ponte, Godmanchefter. . 3. Catyeucblani, or Cattieucblani, Buckinghamfhice, Hertford(hire, and Bedfordfhire. Chief Towns, Portes, Colebrocke—Verulamium, or Urolanium, Verulam, St. Albans—Dz rocobrive, Hertford—Lacfo- durum, Bedford—Magiovizium, Dunftable—Saline, Salnedy, and Chefterfield, The Cafii were alfo in this Diftriét near Verula- miun. 4. Dobuni, Gloucefterflaire and Oxfordhire. Chief Towns, Ch- awm, or Glenn, Gloucefter—Corinium, or Dui vcornovium, Ciren- cefter—Trajvdtus, Oldbury—Aldone, Alvington—Oxonium, or Oxo- nia, Oxford, 5. Gornavii, Watwickthire, Worcefterfhire, Staffordthire, Shrop- fhire, and Chethi Chief Towns, Pra —Brano- nium, Worcelter—Etocetum, Wall—Ujétona, Okenyate—Pennoc) cium, Penkridge---Uriconium, Wroxeter---Manducfedum, Menchefter —Rutuniun, Roaton—Bonium, Bangor—Conilate, Congleton—De- va, or Deunana, Chefter. 6. Coritani, Nothamptonthire, Lcicefterfhire, Rutlandfhire, Lin- colufhire, Nottinghanithire, and Derbythire. Chief Towns, Lindi, Lincola—Rute, or Rayr, Leicefer, or Rathby—eclocum, Little burgle Silu= 3(8) burgh—Ad pontem, Paunton—Margidunum, Overton—Vernometum, Burgh-hill—Antona, Northampton—Banaventa, Bennavenna, or I- Jannavaria, Weedon on the Wall—Crococolana, Ancaiter, or Colling- ham—Tripontium, Tocefter. II]. The third Province was Britannia Secunda, {o called becaule it was the fecond conquered by the Romans. Three forts of People were in Poffeflion of it, viz. 1. Silures, the Inhabitants of Herefordfhire, Radnorfhire, Breck- nockfhire, Monmouthfhire, and Glamorganfhire; whofe chief Towns were, Jia Silurum, ot Legio Secunda, Cact-Leon—Venta Silurum, Caer-gwent, or Chepftow—Bovium, Cowbridge—Nidum, Neath— Burrium, Utke—Gobannium, Abergevenny—Loventium, fuppofed to be Brecknock—Bulleum Silurum, Bualht—Magnos, or Mages, Rad- nor— Ariconium, Kenchefter—Blefium, Old Town—Leucarum, Lochor. 2. Demete, Caermardhinfhire, Penbrokefhire, and Caerdiganfhire, Their chief Towns were, Maridunum, Caermardhyn—Lovantium, Lhanio. And to them belonged Limnos Infula, Ramfey. 3. Ordovices, Flintthire, Denbighthire, Montgomerythire, Meiri- onydfhire, Caernarvonfhire, and Anglefey. Their principal Towns were, Segontium, at the Mouth of the River Seiont, but now deftroy- ed—Ditlum, Diganwy, or Ganoc—Mediolanum, Lhan Vylhin—Va- ris, Bod Vari—Maglna, Machynlheth—Conovium, Aber-conwey— Leonis Caftrum, Holt. Albion Inferior contained, as we have faid, two Provinces, namely, Maxima Cafarienfis, and Valentia. Of which the former was divided amon; iT Fhe Parifi, now the Eaft Riding of Yorkthire; in which the chief Towns were, Petuaria Pariforum, Auldby, or Bevetly—and Pratorium, Patrington. 2. The Brigantes, containing the Weft and North Ridings of Yorfhire, Richmondfhire, the Bifhoprick of Durham, Lancathire, ‘Weftmoreland, and Cumberland. Their principal Towns were, Eho- racum, Eburacum, ot Brigantium, Yotk—Danum, Doncafter—Del- govititia, Wighton—Olicana, Mkely—Jiurium, Aldburrough—Ri- godunum, Rible-chefter—Bremetonacum, Overburrow—Vetera, Burg under Stanmore—Gallatum, Whelpcattle—Amboglana, Amblelide— Morbicum, Morefby—Volantium, Elenborough—Blatum Buleium, Buluess(9) Bulnefs—Olenacum, Linftock—Bremeturacum, Brampton—Petriana, Old Perith—Vinnovinm, Bincheftes—Caturactonium, Catterick, a vil- Jage—Mancunium, or Manutium, Manchefter—Alone, or Alione, Lancafter, or, according to others, Whitley-caftle—Cambodunum, Al. mondbury, a village—Arbeia, Jerby—Luguvallum, Luguballium, and Caftra Exploratorum, Old and New Carlile—Legeolium, Caftleford— Calcaria, Tadcatter—Lavatre, about Bowes—Aballaba, Appleby— Congavata, Rofe-Caftle—Condercum, Chefter on the Street—Gabro- Jfentum, Gatefhead by Newcaftle, IL The fecond Province, named Velentia, contained but one Peo- ple; together with the Walls built by the Romans, to ftop the Incur- fions of the Northern People (or Scots) which they never conquered. That People was——The Oftadini, Northumberland ; whofe chief Towns were, Axeldunum, Hexham—Curia, Corbiidge—Protolitia, Prudbow—Alone, Old Town—Vindomora, or Vindobala, Wallefend —Tunacellum, Tinnemouth—Corfopitum, Corbridge, or Morpeth— Segedunum, Sedghill—Glanoventa, Glenwelt—Vindslana, Old Win- chefter—Silurnum, Silcefter—Gallana, Wallwick—Habitancum, Ri- fingham—Bremenium, or Aremenium, Brampton—Borcovicus, Bor- wick—Pons /Elii, Pont Eland. ‘The Watts built by the Ro- mans, were three in number. 1. Adriani Vallum, a Rampart of Earth, thrown up by the Em- peror Adrian, eighty Miles in length, from the Tine’s Mouth to Sol- way-fiith. 2. Antonini, ot Lollii Urbici, Vallum, a Rampart raifed by Lollius Usbicus, the Emperor Antoninus’s General, from the Frith of Forth to the Frith of Clyde, thirty-eight Miles in length ; on the fame Place where Agricola had raifed fome Forts before. It was built of Turf upon a Foundation of Stone, 3. Sever? Murus, a Wall of Free-{tone, built by the Emperor Se- verus, on or near Adrian’s Rampart, reaching from Cofins’s Houfe to Boulnefs, fixty-eight Miles and thrce Furlongs in lengtb, ALBION ULTERIOR, {fo named becaufe it was beyond the Roman Walls, was otherwife called Borealis, or Barbara, Northern or Bar- barous, and now Scotland. It was poflefled by the Picts, who were divided into two Nations, Veécturiones, and Dicaledones. Cc 1. The( 10 ) I. The Vecturiones were fab-divided into 1. Selgove, Liddefdale, Eufdale, Efkdale, Annandale, Nidifdale, and Wachopdale ;* whofe chief Towns were, Trimontium, Atterick —Corda, a Town upon Loughcure, now dermolifhed—Carbantorigum, Caer-Laverock, a Fort. 2, Novantes, Galloway, Carick, Kyle, and Cunningham. ‘Their Towns were, Leucopibia, Whit-herne—Rerigonium, or Berigonium, Bargeny. 3. Damnii, Cluydefdale, Renfraw, Lenox, Sterling, Menteith, and Fife ; whofe principal Towns were, Petra ad Glottam, Glafgow— Alauna, Alway. 4. Gadeni, or Ladeni, Teifidale, ‘Twedale, Merks, and Lothian. ‘Their Towns were, Caftrum alatum, Edenborough—Colania, Cold- ingham—Lindum, Linlithquo—and Vidtoria, Inckheith. II. The Second Nation was the Dicaledones, who were fub-divided into twelve People, viz. 1. Horefia, or Caledonii, Argile, Braid-albin, and Athol, Their chief Town was, Caledonia, Dunkeld. 2. Epidii, Cantire, Lorn, Logh-aber. 3» Cerones, Affenthire, in Rofs. 4. Carnonace, part of Strath-navern. 5. Cornabit, another part of Strath-navern. 6. Catini, or Carini, Cathnes, 7. Merta, Sutherland. 8. Cante, the Eaftern Part of Rofs. 9. Logi, the Wettern Part of Rof. 10. Vacomagi, Murray, whofe chief Town was Banatia, Bean. 11, Texali, ot Tefal’, Buchan and Mar. ‘Their principal Town was Devana, Old Aberdeen. 12. Vernicones, Merns, Angus, Perth, and Fife. Their chief Towns were, Orrea, or Orrhea, Forfar—and Aledlum, or Taodu- num, Dundee. The moft confiderable Rivers of Great Britain are, Tame/is, the Thames—Sabrina, the Severn—Abus, the Humber—Tuberovius, or Tuberobis, the Tyne—Tavus, or Tucfis, the Tweed—Itunia, the Eden. BriTANNIA PARVA, now Ircland, was otherwife called Hibernia, Yuverna, Jerna, Yernis, Iris, Keo. It(11) It was inhabited by XVIIL different Sorts of People, whofe Names are as follow. 1, Lberni, ot Uterini, Kerry ; the chief Town, Ivernis, Dunkeran. 2. Luceni, part of Kerry, and Conoglogh. 3. Velabri, Defmond. 4. Oudia, ot Vodie, Corke, and part of Tipperary, and Limerick, Their chief Town was Rhigia altera, Limerick. §- Coriondi, Waterford, and part of Tipperary and Corke, 6. Brigantes, Offery, King’s and Queen’s County, Kilkenny, and Catherlough. 7. Menapii, Wexford ; the chief Town Menapia, Wexford. 8. Blanii, Wicklow. 9 Gangani, ot Concani, Twomond or Clare, Clanrickard, and At- terith, 10, uteri, Rofcommon, and part of Galway. 11. Nagnate, Mayo and Slego; whofe chief Town was Naguata, Mayo or Slego. 12, Erdini, Letrim, Farmanagh, and part of Cavan. 13. Voluntii, Ardmagh, Monaghan, Down, and Louth. Their chief Town was Dunum, Downe. 14. Gauci, Meath. 15. Darnii, Antrim, or part of Down, 16. Robogdit, Londonderry, and part of Donegal. 17. Venienti, part of Donegal, or Tir-connall. 18, Ed/ani, Dublin, and Meath. The chief Towns herein, were, Eblana portus, Dublin; Laberus, fappofed to be Kildare ; Macolicum, Malk, or Milick. The moft confiderable Rivers of Ireland, are, Senus, the Shannon —Dur, Dingle-river—Sauranus, the Lee—Dabrona, Blackwater— Suirus, the Swire—Birgus, the Barrow—Modonus, the Slane—Lib- nius, the Lify—Buvinda, the Boyne—Bavium, the Banne—Vidua, Crodagh. The Is anps that lie round Great Britain, are, Silures, He/perides, ot Cafiiterides, the Scilly-Mlands—Mona, Anglefey—Monoeda, the Ifle of Man—Hebrides, Ebudce, Hebudes, Betcorice, and Evonie, the weftern Iilands ; of which the chief are, Eduda occidentalis, Hatray, Lewes, the biggelt of them—Ebuda orientalis, Skye—Maleos, ot Mella, Mulla—Epidium, Way—Glotta, Atran—Yona, Colmkil— C2 Orcades(12) Orcades, the Orkney Iflands, the principal of which is Pomona, Main- land—Ocetis, Hethy—Domna, or Dumna, Fait-Ile—Thule, fo fa- mous among the Ancients, fuppofed by fome to be the North-eaft Corner of Scotland, and by others to be Schetland. On the South of England, and belonging to that Crown (but for- merly to ancient Gaul, Gallia Lugdunenfis) are alfo the following Mlands—Cefarea, Jetfey—Sarnia, Guernefey—Arica, Sarck—Ridu- na, Alderney. CHAP. UL Of SPAIN. PAIN, fo famous in the Roman Hiftory, was named Hijpania, Iberia, Celtiberia, and Hefperia ultima ; and contained the pre- fent Kingdoms of Spain and Portugal. It was divided into two General Parts, HispANIA ULTERIOR, ex- terior, or inferior: And Hispania cr1Tertor, called otherwife interior, ox fuperior. Hispania ULTERIOR, named alfo exterior, and inferior, was di- vided into thefe two Provinces—Batica—and Lufitania. BOETICA. Batica, fo named from the River Betis, Guadalquivir, which ran through it, comprehended the Provinces of Andalufia, and Granada, part of New Caftile South of the River Guadiana, and fome fiall part of Alentejo Eaft of the fame River. Its Inhabitants were divided into—The Baftuli, or Peni—The Celtici—and Turdetani, both of them in part—and the Turduli. I. The Baftuli, ot Peni, poffefled what is now part of the Duchy of Medina Sidonia, the Bifhopricks of Malaga and Almeria in Grana- da, together with the Iand and territory of Gades—Cadiz, or Cales, ‘Their Towns, and other confiderable Places, were—Calpe promonto- rium, and Columna Heraclia, Gibraltat—Carteia, or Tartefus, Ta~ riffa——Barbefila, Marbella—Cilniana—Salduba, Fuengirola—Suel— Malaca, Malaga—Munda, Monda—Menefthei Portus, Port St Mary's —Bajippo(13 ) —Bafippo, ot Befippo, Vegel—Bal, Balun, and Bel, Belona—Suc- cubo, ot Succubitanum municipium, Sierras de Ronda—Cartima, Car- tama—Manoba, Almunegar—Selambina, Salobrenna—Abdera, Adra —Magnus Portus, Almeria—Murgis, Muxaera—Charidemum Pro- montorium, Cape de Gates, or Gades—Fretum Gaditanum, Hercule- um, Herculis Via, Limen Maris Interni, Fretum Columnarum, and Traduéfa, the Straits of Gibraltar. 2. The Celtici, partly, inhabited what is now part of the Territory of Elvas. Their Towns were, Arucci, Moura—Aranda, ot Aran- dis, Torres vedres, or Moraon—Serpa, Serpa. 3. The Turdetani, i.e, Part of that People, poffeffed moft of the Jurifdiction of Seville, and of the Duchy of Medina-Sidonia. Their Towns were—Affa, la Mefa de Afta, or Xeres de la Frontera—Ne- briffa, Nebrifla, or Lebrifla—Ugia, La Cabecas—Orippo, Hermanes —Hifpalis, or Hifpal, Seville—Liipa, IMlipula, Italia Urbs, Sevilla la Veja—Tucci—Onoba Hftuaria, Gibraleon—Seria Fama Fulia, Fe- tia—Segontia, Gifeonca—Urfon, Offuna—Aftigii, Colonia Augufta Firma, Ecyja—Oftipo, Eftepona—Singilia, Antequera—Afindum, or Afgla, Medina Sidonia—Eébura, St. Lucar de Barramede—Carmonia, Carmona. 4. The Turduli inhabited the Territory of Corduba, part of the Diocefe of Granada, and of Caflilian Eftremadura, Their Towns were—Corduba, or Colonia Patricia, Cordoua—Iipa, or Ilipula mag- na, Penna-flor—Spoletinum—Mellaria, Fuente d’Ovejuna—Artigis, or Urbs Fulienfis, Alhama—Calpurniana, Carpio— Offigi —Tucci, Martos—iliturgi, or Forum Yulium, Anduxar el vejo, or Jaen—Al- ba, Virgao, or Alba Vircawienfis, Ariona near Jacn—Lpora, Mon- toro—Ategua—Illiberis, Granada—Accitum, Siguiana—Obulco, Por- cuna—Syneglia, or Anticaria Antonini, Antiquerra—Afapa, Efepa, or Stepa—Urfo, or Genwa Urbanorum, Offiana—Segovia, Segovia la menor, The Rivers of Bastica were—Betis fluv. the Guadalquivir Singulis fluv. the Xenil- ‘The moft confiderable Mountains in it were—Montes Mariani, Sierra de Morena—Mons Hipula, Sierra de Ronda. LUSITANIA. Lufitania, which now contains Portugal, and fome part of Spain, namely, the Weft Parts of Leon and the two Caftiles, was inhabited by(4) by part of the Turdetani, part of the Celtici, and by the Lufitani, and Vettones, 1. The Turdetani in part, poflefled the Kingdom of Algarua, and part of the Diftri@ of Beja. That Point of Land which lies near Lagos, or Cape St. Vincent, was named Cuneus. Their Towns were —Lacobriga, ot Langobriga, Lagos—Balfa, Tavila—Ofonaba, of Lefuria, Extombar, Sylves, ot Faro—Fulia Myrtilis, Mettola—Pax “fulia, Beia—Mirobriga, ot Merobriga, Moenttira de Rabida—Sa- Jacia, or Salaria, Alcacer do Sal. 2. The Celtict in part, inhabited the Diftri€ts of Evora and Elvas, Their Towns were—Ebora, or Liberalitas Fulia, Evora—Cacilia- na, Palma, or Matteca—Coetobrix, Setuval, or St. Ubes—Cunifforgis, ot Coniftorfis, Couna—Cepiana, Sezembra. 3. The Luftani poffefied the Country between the Tagus and the Durius, i.e. Beira, Eftremadura, and Alentejo, with a little part of Welt Caftile. Their Towns were—Oljfpo, or Ulyfippo, Lifbon— Hierabriga, Alanguer—Scabilifeus, Santaren—Aritium, Benavente —Eburobritium, Alcobaga—Collippo, St. Sebattian—Pratorium Me- robriga, Santiago de Cacem—Norba Cafarea, Alcantara—Ad fipten aras—Colarnum— Augufla Emerita, Merida—Pax Augufta, Pacen- Sis Colonia, or Badia, Badaios—Metallinum, Metallina, ot Metallien- “fis Colonia, Metelin—Caftra Caciliana, Caceres, or St. Mary de Gua- dalupe—Rufliciana—Concordia, Tomat—Sellium, Ceice—Arabriga, Aravida,—Conimbrica, or Conimbriga, Condexa veia—Zminium, Coimbra—Talabrica, Talaga—Langobrica—Ara dufla, Avouca—— Liciniana, or Ciniana, Lifeda—Verrunum, Vifeio—Lavara, or La- vare, Aveido—Vacca, or Bacccia, Ponte Vouga. 4. The Vettones inhabited part of Tralos Montes, and of the King- dom of Leon, ‘Their moft confiderable Towns were—Augu/iobriga, Ponte de Arcobitbo—Mirobriga, Ciudad Rodrigo—Salmantica, or Hermandica, Salamanca—Laaciana, Penna di Francia—Cottevbriga —Deobriga, Placentia, or Venta Malabriga—Lama, fappoted to be Lamega—Manliana, Villa Franci—Opila, Orope Hispania Citerior or Tarraconenfis, the largeft Province in Spain, was divided into Twenty-eight Parts. Its Inhabitants were as follows. 1. Callaci, or Callaici, divided into Callaci Bracarii, and Calieci Lucenfis. The Cullaici Bracarii inhabited that part of Portugal, which(15) which is called Entre-Minho-Douro, and Tralos Montes; and Calle ci Lucenfes poffefled Galicia, The chief Towns of the Calleci Bra~ carii were—Bracara Augufta, Braga on the River Cavado—Forum Cuacernorum, Villa Beia—Aque calide Cilinorum, ot Aqua Cilina, Orenfe—Aquee Flavia Turndorum, Chaves—Caliobriga Caelerinorum, Villa de Conde—Forum Limicorum, Puente de Lima—Merua, ot Meruia Luangorum, Lobies—Volbriga Nemetanorum, fappofed to be Viana—Forum Narbazorum, faid to be Tor de Moncorvo—Camba- tum Lubanorum, Miranda de Douro. As for the Calleci Lucenfes, their chief Towns @c. were, Lucus Augufti, Lugo—Flavium Brigantium, Corunna, or the Groyne— "Fanajfus, Compottella—Iria Flavia Caporum, Le Padron—Datfoni- um, Montfort de Lemnos—Ocellum, fuppofed to be Mondonedo— Claudiomerium, Muros—Ierna Mons, Namancos—Flavia Lambris Beduorum, 8t. Mary de Finifterre—P/ntia, Villapun—Tyde Gravio- rum, Tay—.....Artabrorum Promontorium, called alfo Celticum, and Nerium, Cape Finiterre—Lapatia Corii Promontorium, ot Tri- leucum, Cape d’Ortegal. 2. The Afures were divided into Afures Tranfnontani, and Au- guftani. The Afures Tranfmontani inhabited what is now called Afturia Ovetana. Their Towns &c. were, Lucus Afturum, Oviedo —Flavionavia Peficorum, Avilles—Pelontium Lingonum, ot Lungo- rum, Aplans, or Ablans—Laberris, Pennaflor, or St. Salvador... Mons Vidius, the Mountain of the Afturias. The Afures Auguftani dwelt in part of the Kingdom of Leon beyond the Douro. And their Towns were, Afurica Augufta, ot Urbs Amacorum, Attorga—Legio VIL. Germanica, Leon—Sublancia, Sollanca—Interamnium Flavium, Ponte Ferrada—Brigutium Brige- cinorum, Brigantia—Lanciatum Lanciatorum, or Lancia, thought to be Manfilla—Bedunia Bedunefiarum, fuppofed to be Pucbla de Sana- bria—Nemetubriga Tiburonum, Nuez or Torbes, 3. The Vaccee?, now Part of the Kingdom of Leon, of Old Ca- ftile, and of the Country beyond the Duro. ‘Their ‘Towns were, Pintia, Valladolid—Sentica, Zamora—Sarabris, Toro—Cau/a, ot Caucia, Coca—Pallancia, Pallencia—Intercatia, fappofed to be Me- dina del Rio Sicco—Segontia Paramica, or Sepontia, Maftaco—Lau- briga, or Meobriga, thought to be Melgar—drbacula, or Albucellla, Avila. 4. The( 16 ) 4. The Arevace inhabited all Segovia, and part of Valladolid, and of Burgos. Their chief Towns were, Clunia, or Colonia Sulpitia, Corunna del Conte—Lutia, now deftroyed—Termes, and Termifum, Lerma, Tarvidos, or Noftra Sennora de Tiermes—Uxama, Ofmo— Segubia, Segovia—Rauda, Aranda de Douero—Colenda, Covarruvias —Litabrum, or Britablum, Matcotea—Segortia Laétea, Sepulveda. 5. The Carpetani inhabited part of Algarria, and of Mancha, in New Caftile. Their Towns were, Toletum, Toledo—Mantua Car- petanorum, Villa Manta, near Madrid—Complutum, Alcala de He- nares—Carraca, or Arriaca, Guadalajara—Tituacia, Xetafe, or Eche- tafe—Illucia, Wefcas—Laminium, Minaya, or Villa de los Infantes —Libora, ot Ebura, Talavera la Reina—Contrebia, Tortofa—Afena, fuppofed to be Almeda—Vicus Cucuminarius, Santa Cruz de la Car- za—Cartheia, Oceana. 6. The fixth were Oretani, part of La Mancha, and of Sierra in New Caftile: And their Towns were—Oretum, ot Oria, Noftra Sennora de Oreto—Caffulo, Cazorla—Sifapone Oretanorum, Chillon, or Villa Real, a/. Ciudad Real—Mentofa, or Mentifj2, Montiel, ot Guardia—Biatia, Baeza. . Going back to the Oceanus Cantabricus, we meet with the Can- tabi 3 fubdivided into the Cantabri properly fo called, the Autrigo- nes, Cariffi, and Varduli. The Cantabri properly {0 called, inhabited part of Afturia Santillana, and proper Bifcay. Their chief Towns were, Fuliobriga, thought to be Val de Viefle—Concana, {aid to be Santillana—Camarica, or Tamarica, Fuenlibre—Vellica, Medina de Pomar—Vofii, Vefea, or Vefiius Portus, Sant’ Andero—Aracillum, Arcaraca, or Tor de Cillos—Mons Edulius, Mont St. Adrian, 8. The next were dutrigones, part of Alava and Bifcay: Whofe principal Towns were, Flaviobriga, formerly Portus Amanus, Bilbao —Deobriga, Hato, or Miranda de Ebto—Uxama Barca, Laredo— Saliunca, thought to be Ordunna—Burvefea, or Virowgfea, Birviefea —~Segifamuncula, ot Segifama major, Villa Beia. 9. The Cariffi inhabited part of Bifcay and Guypufcoa. Their Towns were, Vella, or Belleia, thought to be Trevigno—Tullica, faid to be La Venta—Diva, or Deva, Deva. ro, The Varduli inhabited part of Bifcay, and of Alava. And their chief Towns were, Segontia Paramica, Sergame—Tritium Tubori- cum,(47) cum, ox Toboricum, Placenza~-Menofca, Orio—Alba, thought to be Salvatierra—Tullonium, Thudelle—Thabbuca, Lancugno. rr, Fhe next, viz. the Murbogii, fuppofed to be the fame asthe Curgonii, inhabited: part of the DiftriGt of Burgos and Rivogia; and had for chief Towns, Bravum, ot Majburgum, Butgos—Auca, No- fira Senora de Occam-Sifaraca, fuppoted to be Salduendo—Seti/acum, thought to be Saltos—Deobrigula, St. Pedro d’Arlanza. 12. Not far from the Mediterranean were the Ba/fitani, Inhabitants of the Territory of Murcia, and Bithoprick of Guadix in Granada. Their principal Towns were, Baji, or Virgi, Baza—Salaria, ot Co- lnia Salarienfis, Requenna—Carca, fappoled to be Caravaca—Tur- bula, thought to be Tervel—Acci, Guadix—Orcellis, Orihuella— Pergilia, ot Vefceli2, Murcia. 33. The thirteenth People were the Conte/ani, who inhabited moft of the Kingdom of Valentia. Their Towns were, Carthago nova, Carthagena—Illici, Mlictas, or Ice, Elche—Lucentum, ot Lucentia, Luchene—Setabis, Xativa~Menlaria, or Menralia, fappofed to be Millarez—Dianium Stipendiarium, or Specula Sertorii, Denia—Va- Uentia, ot Colonia Fulia, Valentia—Alone, or Holone, Alicante. 14. The Celtiberi, who were the next, inhabited part of both Caftiles, of the Kingdom of Arragon, and Rioja: They were divided into the Celtiberi properly fo called, the Lobetani, the Pelendones, and Berones, ‘The Celtiberi, properly fo called, dwelt in part of the Bithoprick of Tarrazona, of Saragoffa, part of Sierra in New Caftile, and a fmall part of the Kingdom of Valeatia. Their principak Towns were, Segodriga, Segontia, or Saguntia, Siguenza—Bélbilis, Villa Veja, or Calatayud — Aqua Bilbilitana, the Baths of Alhama—Nertobriga, or Vertobri- ga, Almunha—Turiafo, Tatazona—Mons Caunus, Canus, or Cacus, Montceiom-Cix/ada, or Ceffata, Hita—Ecek/ta, Etelefla, and Ege~ lofie, Medina Celi—Alcobriga, ot Ale, Arcos—Ergavica, or Er- gavia, Alcannis, or Penna Efcrita—Certima, Contamania—Munda, Molina~—Belgida, Montacudo—Attacum, ot Municipium Attacenfe, Datoca—Valeria, ot Ca/trum altum, Cuenga. 15. The Lobetani inhabited what is now called the Diocefe of Albarazin. And their only Town was, Lobetum Lobetanorum, {ap- pofed to be the fame as Anatorgis, and Turia, Albarazin, 16. The Pelendones inhabited the Diftri& of Soria, in Old Caftile. ‘Their chief Towns were, Numantia, utterly deftroyed, and fappofed to have ftood where is now a {mall village called Garay pons—Augu/lo- D briga,(18 ) briga, Agreda ot Aldea el Muro—Savia, fuppofed to be Aguilar— Vifntium, Arcedillo. 17. The Berones were feated in part of the Territory of Rioxa. And their Towns were, Varia, Alvato—Tritium Metallum, Tricio, a village near Najara. 18, The eighteenth People were the Hedetani, or Sedetani, now part of the Bithoprick of Saragoffa, and of the Kingdom of Valentia ; whofe chief Towns were, Ca/ar-augufta, formerly Salduba, Saragofia —Saguntus, or Saguntum, Morviedro—Edeta, or Leria, Liirias— Belia, Belchite—Ebora Edetanorum, \xar—Leonica, Olieta—Sego- riga, fappofed to be Segorbe. 19. The Ilercaones inhabited part of Catalonia beyond the Ebro, and part of the Kingdom of Valentia. Their Towns were, Cartha- go vetus, now Penial, a Caflle—Odoge/a, Mequinenga—Derto/a, Tortofa—Triarulia, Treyguera—Bifeargis, fappofed to be Ribaifia— Adeda, thought to be Ampofta—Tenebrius portus, Porto viveros. 20. Going back again to the Oceanus Cantabricus, we meet with the Vafcones, who inhabited the greateft part of Navarre and Guipuf- coa, and a fmall part of the Bifhoprick of Saragoffa: Whofe chief Towns were, Pompelon, ot Pompeiopolis, Pampeluna—Calagurris Fibularia, Calahorre—Gracuris, Boria, or Agreda—Sueffa, Sanguefta —Iacca, lacca—Nemanturifta, thought to be Olite—Curconium, and Curgonium, {aid to be Eftella—Bafcontum, and Cafeantum, Cafcante, a village—Setia, or Sitia, Exea—Oea/o, Oiarco. 21. The twenty-firft People were, the Lacetani, or faccetani, who inhabited part of the Bifhoprick of Lerida, and of New Catalonia. Their principal Towns were, ‘¥e/us, Belpuco—Udura, thought to be Andore—Acerris, Gerri—Sereffis, Urgel, or Aftarlid—Cereffis, fuppofed to be Solfona—Anabis, Ignalada—Lifja, or Leffa, Oliana. 22. The next were the Ilergetes, now part of the Diocefes of Hu- efca, Sarragofla, and Balbaftro. Their Towns were, Ilerda, Lerida —Ofea, Huefca—Athanagia, fappofed to be Marnefa—Cefa, and Colonia Vitoria, XMa, oF Villila—Succofa, Ainfa, or Sobarbre—I/- Jiturgis, Carinnena—Bergidum, Balbattre, or Viefcas—Bergufia, Ba- Jaguier, or Pucrtolas—Orgia, Alvaratz, or Benavarri—Gullica’ Flavia, Fraga. ea The twenty-third were, the Cerretani, whofe chief Town was, “fulia Lybica, Linca. ag. Ad-(19 ) 24, Adjoining to them were the Ca/tellani, whole principal Towns were, Befida, Bellalu—Sebendunum, Sabreroca, ot Capredo.” Thefe two People dwelt in that part of Catalonia, which is at the foot of the Pyrenees, 25. The twenty-fifth People were, the Indigetes, now part of the County of Roufillon. Their Towns were, Emporie caflrum, Em- purias—Rboda, Rbodope, and Rhodopolis, Rofes—Veneris Templum, or Aphrodifium, Cabo de Creus, or Puerto Vendres—Yuncaria, Jun- quera, 26, The twenty-fixth People were the Co/étani, who inhabited part of Catalonia, upon the Coaft, on this Side the Ebro. Their chief Town was Tarraco, Terragona. 27. The twenty-feventh were the Leetani, or Lalettani, who dwelt along the Coaft of Catalonia, Their Towns were, Barcina, Barcelona—Scale Annibalis, Cofte de Garath—Mons ovis, Montjay —Rubricata, Mattorel—Betulum, Badelona—Dilurum, and Iluro, Mataro, or Cannette—Blanda, Blanes. 28. The Authetani, or Aujétani, were the laft, and they inhabited part of Catalonia about Gironne. Their chief Towns were, Gerun- da, Gitonne—Aufa, Navich—Aque calide, or Aque Voconis, Bag- noles, The largeft Mountains in Spain, are—Pyrencei Montes, the Pyrenees, which part it from France: On all the other Sides it is bounded by the Sea—Orajpida Mons, Oropefa. Round the Coafts of Spain and Portugal are thefe remarkable Pro- montories, or Capes,—Aphredijium, or Veneris Promontorium, Cape de Creus—Charidemum Promontorium, Cape de Gates—Calpe Promonto- rium, Gibraltar-Rock—Sacrum Promontorium, Cape St. Vincent-— Barbarium Promontorium, Cape de Efpichel—Lune Promontoriam, Cape of Mondego—Artabrum, Celticum, or Nerium Promontorium, Cape Finifterre, The moft confiderable Rivers of Spain are, Minius, the Minho— Durius fluv. the Duro—Tagus fur. the Tajo—Anas fur, the diana—Betis fiw. the Guadalquivir—Singulis flav, the Xeni rebus fluv. the Segura—Sucro fluo. the Xucar—Turias fur. the Guadalaviar—Bilbilis fluv, the Xalo—Iberus fluv. the Ebro—Sicoris flur. the Segre—Rubricatus fur. the Llobregat—Sambroca fluv, the Ter. D2 To{ 20) To Spain belonged alfo fereral Ist anps, the chief .of which are, Bakares, ot Gymucfia Infile, Pityufee Infule, Plangfia, Plunibarig, Capraria, &c. The Baleares, or Balearides, were two in number, one called Ma- gor, mow Majorca; and the other Minor, now Minorca, ‘The Towns.in Majorca were, Palma, Majorca—Pollentia, in ru ins—Alcadia Fatiora, or Latina, Palamera—Cinium, Galalonga— Cunici, Calafiguer-—Bochri, Suggiari. : Minorca contained the following Towns, Yamna, Citadella—fa- nifera, Fornelle—Mago, Minorca, or Port-Mahon. The Pityufe Infule were alfo two in number, namely, Ebufits, Bufus, and Ebofia Carthaginienfium Colonia, Yviga—Ophiuja, or Co- Jubraria, Formentera. Planefia-is now called St.;.Margaret—Capraria,Cabreta—Plumba- via, is unknown. Another Divifion of Spain according to Pliny. ‘Pliny the-Hiftorian divides Spain otherwife, namely, into XIV.'Fu- ridici \Conventus, ot Jurifdictions ; whereof Betica contained four, Lufitania three, and Tarraconenfis Seven. In Bectica were the following Jurifdictions, 1. Conventus Gaditanus, comptehending part of the Territory of Hippalis, or Seville, and the Ifland of Gades, Cadiz. The chief Town herein was, Gadira, Carteia, or Tartefius, Cadiz. 2. Conventus Hippalenfis, mott.of the Territory of Seville; their Capital, Hifpalis, or Colonia Romulenfis, Seville, 3. Conventus Aftigitanus, part of the Territory of Seville, and the Bithoprick of Malaga ; their Capital igi, or Augufla Firma Colo- nia, Ecyja. In this Diftri€t was Munda, Monda. 4. Conventus Cordubenfis, the Territory of Cordoua, and all the Kingdom of Granada, except the Bithoprick of Malaga: Their Ca- pital was Corduba, ot Colonia Patricia, Cordoua. Lufitania contained the following Jurifdiations, 3. Conventus Pacenfis, being part of Portugal between the Rivers ‘Tagus and Anas, and of Algarva: Their Metropolis, Pax ‘fulia, Beia, 2, Conventus Scalabitanus, comprehending Beira, Eftremadura in Portugal, and part of Tralos montes: Their Capital was Scalabifius, Santaren, In this Diftrit was allo Oli/ippo, Lifbon. 3. Con-( a1) 3. Conventus Emeritenfis, part of the Kingdom of Leon.on this Side the Duro, and all Eftremadura in‘Caftile. Their Metropolis was Augulta Emerita, Merida. Provincia Tarraconenfis-contained the feven following Jurifdidions, 1, ‘Conventus Lucenfis, all Gallicia, whofe Capital was Lucus Au- giifii, Lugo. 2. Conventus Braccarenfis, comprehending a great Part of Portugal between the Minho and Douro, and part of Tralos montes. Their Capitil Bracara Augufla, Braga. 3. Conventus Afluricenfis, Afturia Ovetana, and part.of the King- dom of Leon ‘beyond the Douro, Their Capital, Afuria Augujta, ‘Aftorga. 4. Conventus Clunienfis, Afturia Santalana, all Great Bifcay, part of the ‘Kingdom of Leon, and Old Caftile. Their Capital, C/unio, Co- tuna del Conte. Within this Jurifdiétion was Numantia, which was deftroyed by the Romans. 5. Conventus Cafar-Auguftanus, containing part of New Catftile, and the Kingdoms of Arragon and Navarre: Whofe Capital was, Cafar-Augufta, ot Colonia Immunis, Saragofa. 6. Conventus Tarraconenfis, all Catalonia, and a {mall part of the Kingdom of Valentia. Their chief Town, Tarraco, Tarragona. 7. Conventus Carthaginienfis, part-of New Caftile, all the Kingdom of Murcia, moft of Valentia, with the Iles of Majorca and Minor- ca. ‘Their Capital was, Carthage neva, Carthagena. ‘The Divifon:of Spain-according to the Notitia Imperii. In After-times, another Alteration was made in the Divifion of Spain. For, in the Emperor Adrian’s time, it came to be divided in- to VI. Provinces; to which a feventh was added under Conftantine, being part of Mauretania in-Aftick. And in the following Order they are placed in the Notitia Imperii. I. Provincia Betica ; Containing all Andalofia, Granada, and a fall part of Portugal ; and having for Capital, Hi/palis, Seville. Il. Luftania; almoft all Portugal except the North part, with part of Eftremadura, Caftile, and Leon. Their Capital Augu/la Emerita, Merida, Il, Gal-(22) IIL. Gallecia; ail Galicia, part of Portugal and Leon, the Aftu- tias, Great Bifeay, and old Caftile, Their Capital was, Braccara Augufta, Braga. IV. Provincia Tarraconenfis; part of New Caftile, the Kingdoms of Arragon and Navarre, all Catalonia, and part of Valentia, “Their Metropolis, Tarraco, Tarragona, V. Provincia Carthaginienfis; all the Kingdom of Murcia, and the greateft part of Valentia and New Caftile. Their Capital was, Carthago Nova, Carthagena. VI. Injicke ; the Wands Majorca, Minorca, and Yviga. In which the chief’ Towns were, Palma, Majorca; Mago, Minorca; Ebyfum, Yvica. VIL. Mauretania Tingitana, in Aftica, containing the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco, with the Ifland of Cadiz. Chief Town, Tin- gis, Tangier. All thefe Provinces were governed by a Lieutenant un- der the Prefeétus Pratorii of Gaul. CHAP. Iv. Of GAUL. Neient Gaul was bounded on the South by the Pyrenees, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Var ; on the Eaft by the Alpes and the Rhine; on the North by the fame River; and on the Weft by the Ocean. It has been varioufly divided at different times, as will appear by the following Account. The Divifion of Gaul according to Sfulius Cafar. Julius Cxvfar tells us, in his Commentaries, that Gaul was divided into three Parts; and inhabited by three forts of People, the Bulge, the Galli or Celta, and the Aguitani. Gallia Belgica was bounded by the Scine, the Marne, the Mountains of Vauge, the Rhine, and the Ocean, The Bounds of Gallia Celtica were, the Ocean, the Seine, the Marne, the Saone, the Rhofne, and the Garonne. And Gallia Aquitanica had for its Bounds, the Ocean, the Garonne, and the Pyrenees, I slnother( 23 ) Another Divifion of Gaul made by Auguftus. Auguftus divided Gaul into four Parts, namely, Gallia Narbonen- fs, Aquitania; Lugdunenfis; and Belgica. I. Garria NarBonensis comprehended all that Diftriét, which is now divided into Languedoc, the County of Foix, Gevaudan, Ve- lay, the Vivarois, Provence, Dauphiné, and Savoy. It had the fame Bounds in Auguftus’s, as it had in Julius Cafar’s time ; and was in- habited by XVI. different People, whofe Names follow : viz. 1. Volew Teétofages, the Archbifhopricks of Touloufe and Nar= bonne ; the Diocefes of Beziers, Carcaffonne, St. Pons, Aleth ; with fome part of Rouffillon, Their chief Towns were, Narbo Martius, Narbonne—Yolofa, Touloule, formerly called Palladia—Carcaffo, Carcaffonne—Bliterra Septimanorum, Beterre, or Betire, Bezietrs— Dunetari, Caftelnandari or Mirepoix—Alethum, Aleth—Salfule, Sal- fes—Leucata, Locate—Rujcino, the Tower of Rouffillon near Per- pignan—Iiberis, called afterwards Helena, Elne. 2. Volee Arecomici, the Diocefes of Nifmes, Ufez, Montpellier, Lodeve, and Agde; whofe chief Towns were, Nemaujus, Nifmes Rhode, Pecais—Agatha, or Agathopolis, Agde—Agatha Infula, called otherwife Agatha Tyche, and fince Magalone, a'Town in ru- ing in an Ifland fil retaining the name of Magalone or Maguelon— Usecia, Ufec—Gernum, or Ugernum, Beancaire—Luteva, ot Lutava Caftrum, Lodeve, Here was alfo Blafcon Infula, Brefcon—Mons Se- tius, Cap de Cette. 3. Helvii, the Vivarez, Their chief Town was, Albaugufla, Alba Helviorum, ot Vivarium, Viviers. 4. Allobroges, the Viennois, Duchy of Savoy, Grefivandan, Gene- vois, Chablais, and Fofligny. Chief Towns, Vienna Allobrogum, Vienne in Dauphiné—Cutaro, fince Gratianopolis, Grenoble—Cene- va, or Genava, Geneva—Lacus Lemanus, the Lake of Geneva and Laufanne. 5. Segalauni, ot Segovellani, the Duchy of Valentinois; whofe chief Town was, Valentia, Valence. 6. Centrones, Tarentaife, and Val de Maurienne, ‘Their chicf "Town was, Vorwm Claudii, fince called Tarantofia, ot Durantaha, Mouftier in Tarentaife. "Cult( 24 ) . Caturiges, Gapengois, Chief Town, Vapincum, ot Vapingum, Gi in Daupitiné: a ia 8. Segufiani, or Segufini, the Marquifate of Sufe, and the Brian- gonnois, Their chief Towns were, Segufium, or Ségufi, Sulo—Bri- gantiunt, ot Virgantia, Briangon, 9. Bbroduntit,, the Diocefe of Ambrun.; whofe: chief Town was Ebrodunum, ot Epebrodunum, Ambrur, 10. Datiani, the Diocefes of Glandeves, Grace, and. Vence. Their chief Towns were, Antipolis, Antibe—Glanateva Capillatorum, ot Glanatica, Glandeve—Vintium Nerufiorum, Ventia, or Vicium, Vence. In this Diftri@ was, Varus fluvius, the River Var, which parted Gaul from Italy—Lero,, the Ife Sainte Marguerite—Lerina, or Planujia, fuppofed to be St, Honorat. 11, Vocontiz, the Inhabitants of the Diois, the Baronies, and the Bithoprick of Vaifon ; whofe chief Towns were Vafio, otherwife called Aeria, Forum Vocontium, and Oppidum Vafionenfe, Vaifon—Dea Vo- contiorum, and Augufta Dea, Die. 12. Tricaftini, the Bifhoprick of St. Paul Trois Chateaux. Their chief Town was Agua Ticaptinorum, called at firft Senomagus or Neomagus, and fince Tricaftini, St. Paul Trois Chateaux, or Tricaftin. 13. Cavares, or Cavari, the County of Avignon, the Principality of Orange, and the Bifhoprick of Apt. ‘Their chief Towns were, Avenio, Avignon+—Carpentoratte, ot Vindifca, Carpentras—Araufa, Orange—Undalum, le Pont de Sorge—Cadellio, Colonia Cabelliorum, or Caballio, Cavaillon, or Durance—Apta fulia Ulgienfum, ot Avia Fulia, Apt. 14. Mimeni, the Diocefes of Cifteron, Digne, Senez and Riez. Where the chief Towns were, Duria, fince called Seguftero, or Sege- fterorum urbs, Cilteron—Forum Neronis, or Lutevani Foroncronien- fos, Forcalquier—Dinia Sontiorum, Digne—Sanicium, or Sanicitio, Senez—Reti Apollinarii, Riez. 15. Salyi, or Salyes, Salvii or Salyces, the Diocefes of Aix and Arles. Chief Towns, Ague Sextie, Aix in Provence—Arelate, Arles—Tarafco, Tarafcon. 16, Anatili, La Crau and Carmague, whofe chief Towns were, Maritima Colonia, Martigue—Diane Fanum, les Maries—Campus Lapideus or Lapidarius, Ya Craw; being a Range of Rocks for feveral Leagues together. 17. Com-(25) 17. Commoni, the Diocefes of Marfeille, Toulon, and Frejuss where the chief Places were, Mafflia, Marfeille—Promontorium Ci- thariftes, Le Cap de la Croifette—O/bia, Hieres—Taurois, or Tau- roentium, La Ciotat—Telo Martius, Toulon—Forum Fulii, or Forum Fulium, Frejas—With fome lands, named Steechades by the An- cients, which are, Prote, Ile de Porquerolles—Me/e, or Pomponiana, Porteros—Hypea, or Hyppata, Wle-du Levant, or Titan. There were feveral other People within this Divifion; namely, Sa- Jaffi, Lepontii, Veragri, Seduni, Vediantii, Vagienni, Libici, and Tau- rini ; but we fhall give an Account of them when we come to Italy, to which they properly belong. ‘The principal Rivers in this part were, tax, the Aude—Ga- rumna, the Garonne—Obris, or Orobrium, the Orbe—Illiberis, per- haps the fame that was alfo called Thicis, the Tech—Telis, Egli— Rhodanus, the Rhone—Arauraris, the Errault—IJara, the Ifere— Varus, the Var—Druentia, the Durance—Argenteum, the Argens. I. Aquiranra, of a larger extent than it was in J. Carfar’s time, was bounded by the Pyrenees, the Ocean, and the River Loire: And contained the XVIII’; following People. 1. Tarbelli, the Inhabitants of Bearn, and the Bafques; whofe chief Towns were, Ague Tarbellice, Acqs, ot according to others, Tarbes—Beneharnus, Ortez—Illuro and Olorum, Oleron, 2. Convene, Bigorre, and the Diocefes of Comminge, and Confe- sans. Chief Towns, Lugdunum Convenarum, Comminges—Therma Onefie, Bagneres in Bigorre—Turba, Tarba ot Turfambica, Tatbes in Bigorre—Begorra, Vic de Bigorre—Calagorgis, Conferans. 3. Datii, the Diocefe of Dax: Their Capital Tafa, Dax. 4. Auféii, the Diocefes of Aufch, Leétoure, and Aire. Chief Towns, Augufta Aufiorum, Auich—Lagtorium, Leétorium, ot La- Goratium, Lectoure—Eluja Eaufe—Aturrus, called otherwife Vicus Sfulius, Aire. 5. Bituriges Vibifei, the Diocefe of Bordeaux: Where the chief Places were, Burdigala, Bordeaux—Noviomagus, Bourg, or Soulac in Medoc—Curianum Promontorium, Cap de Bufch—Antros infida, Tour du Cordouan. 3 6. Vafates, the Diocefe of Bazas. Chief Town, Cofio, or Vafates, aZas, E 7. Nitio-( 26 ) 7. Nitiobriges, Agenois, Chief Town, Aginnum, or Agennum, Agen. or Cadurci, Quercy ; whofe chief Towns were, Dueona, or Divo- na, Cahors, ot Douve near Cahors—Usxellodunum, Le Puech d’Uxel- lon, or dTffoudun. 9. Eleutheri, the Albigeois. Chief Town, Albiga, Alby. ro. Ruteni, Rouergue. Chief Town, Segedunum, ot Rutena, Rhodez. 11. Gabali, Gevaudan. Chief Town, Anderidum, Mende. 12. Velauni, Vellay. Chief Town, Ruefio, called afterwards Ani- cium and Podium, Le Puy. 13. Arverni, Auvergne, and the Bourbonnois. Chief Towns, Nemafias, ot Auguflonemetum, Clermont in Auvergne—Gergovia, now Gergoie, in Ruins———Under the Arverni were compreiended the Boii, le Bourbonnois, whofe principal Town was Gergobia, {up- pofed to be Moulins. 14. Bituriges Cubi, Berry. Chief Town, Avaricum, Bourges. 15. Lemovici or Lemovices, the Limofin ; whofe chief Towns were, Ratiafium, Limoges—Auguftoritum, fappofed to be Angouléme, 16. Petrocorii, Perigord. Chief Town, Vefuna, Perigueux. 17. Santones, Xaintonge; in which the chief Places were, Medi~ olanium, Xaintes—Santonum Portus, Rochelte—Santonum Promonto- rium, La Pointe de la Tremblade—Uharus Infula, the Mle of Oleron. 18. Piéfones, Poitou; wherein the moft remarkable Places were, Limonum, Poitiets—Pittonicum Promontorium, Talmond—Secor Por- tus, the Sands of Olonne or Pornik. IM. Gatiia Lucpunensis, the largeft of all, was bounded by the Ocean, the Rivers Ligeris, Loire, Seguana, Scine, Matrona, Marne, and Voge/irs Mons, the Mountains of Vofges. It contained XXIX. People; namely, 1. Segufiani, the Lyonnois, Beaujolois, Forét, and la Brefle, Chief Towns, Lugdunum, Lyon—Forum Segufianorum, Feurs, ot St. Efti~ enne de Furan—Rodumna, Roanne. 2, Helvetii, the Suifles; of whom we fhall give an Account when we come to treat of Germany. 3. Rauraci, the Bithoprick of Bafle; of which we fhall treat in the fune phice. 4. Sequani(27 ) 4. Sequani, Franche-Comté; wherein the chief Places were, Ve~ fintio, Vifontium, Chryfepolis, and Bifontio, Befangon—Portus Abu- cini, ot Abucina, Port de la Louve—Yura Mons, or Furafies, Mount Jura, or St. Claude's Hill. 5. Lingones, the Diocefe of Langres. Chief Town, Andomatunum, ot Lingones, Langres, ° 6. Vadicaffes, or Vadicaffi, the Nivernois. Chief Town, Novio- dunum fEduorum, Since called Nivernium, Nevers. 7. Aidui, the Duchy of Bourgogne ; in which the moft remarka- ble Places were, Aguftodunum AEduorum,, otherwife called Flavia E~ duorum, Livia ZEduorum, and Celtica Roma, Autun—Bibratie, fop- pofed by fome to be one of the names of Autun ; but faid by others to be Beaune—Cabilonum, Caballinum, and Orbandale, Chalors upon the Saone—Matifto, Matifjana, and Caftrum Matifconenf’, Mafcon —Alexia Mandubiorum, ot Alga, fappoled to be the Village of Alife in Auxois, 8. Senones, the Diocefes of Sens and Auxerre. Chief Towns, 4- gedicum, or Agendicum, Sens—Antifiodorum, Altifioderum, or Autefio- dorum, Auxerte—Vellaunodunum, tappofed to be Chafteau-Landon— Melodunum, Meteglonum, and Metiofedum, Melun. 9. Tricaffis, Tricafi, and Tricaffini, the Diocefe of "Troyes. Chief Town, Auguftomana, Augupobona, ot Tricafium, called afterwards Treca, and Tricaffe, Troyes 10. Meldi, or Melde, the Diocefe of Meaux. Chief Town, Fa- tinum, Meaux. 11. Parifii, the Diocefe of Paris, Chief Town, Lutecia, or Lu- cotecia, Paris, 12. Carnutes, the Diocefes of Chartres and Orleans; where the chief Towns were, Autricum, fince called Carnotum or Carnutum, Chartres—Genabum, ot Cenabum, fappofed to be Gien rather than Orleans. 13. Vellocafles, Velocaffes, or Veliocaffes, the Diocefe of Rouen, ex- cept the Country of Caux; whofe chief Towns were, Rotomagus, Rouen—Briva Mare, or Brivifira, Pontoife. 14. Caletes, or Caleti, the Country of Caux, Chief Town, Yu- Jiobona, Liflebonne. 15. Lexovii, or Lexobii, the Diocefe of Lifieux. Chicf Town, Neimagus, ot Noviomagus, Lifieux. : E2 16. Aulerci( 28 ) 16, Aulerci Eburovices, the Diocefe of Evreux. Chief Town, Mediolanum Eburovicum, ot Eburaicorum, Evreux. 17. Aulerci Cenomani, the Diocefe of Mans. The Capital, Vin- dinum, Suindinum, or Subdinnum, Mans, 38, Aulerci Diablintes, Diablindi, ot Diablinte, Perche ; whofe Capital was, Neadunum Diablintum, Nogent le Rotrou. 19. Sefui, the Diocefe of Seez, where was Vageritum, Sez. 20. Biducefii, Biducaffes, or Bajocaffes, the Diocefe of Bayeux. Chief Town, %fuliobona Biducafium, Bayeux. 21, Unelli, or Veneli, the Diocefe of Coutance ; in which the moft remarkable Places were, Cyfédie, ot Con/tantina Caftra, Coutance— Crociatonum, fuppofed to be Quarantan. 22. Abrincatui, the Diocefe of Avranches, Chief Town, Ingena, called alfo, as is fappofed, Legedia, Avranches. 23. Rhedones, the Bifhopricks of Rennes, St. Malo, Dol, and St. Brieux ; whofe principal Towns were, Condate Rhedonum, Rennes, or, according to others, Rhedon—Aletum, or Alethium, Quay d’A- leth, of which the remains are to be feen near St. Malo. 24. Offmii, the Bifhopricks of St. Pol de Leon, and of Treguier. ‘The chief Places therein, were, Vorganium, Treguier, or Cofqueou- det—Sraliocanus Portus, faid to be St, Paul de Leon—Gobaum Pro- montorium, St. Maze, ot Le Conqueft—Brivates, Gefobrivate, or Ge- Jocribate, Breft or Blavet-—Uxantos infula, the Ile of Oueffant. 25. Curiofolites, or Curiafelite, the Bifhoprick of Quimper or Cor- nouaille: In which were, Guriofélia, Quimpercorantin—Vindona Por~ tus, fappofed to be Blavet which, according to fome, was fince called Blabia—Sena Infula, the We de Saintz. 26. Veneti, the Diocefe of Vannes ; which had thefe confiderable Places, Diarorigum Venetorum, or Venetia, Vannes—Venetorum In~ Jula, or Venetica, Belle-Me. 27. Nannetes, or Nanmetes, the County of Nantois, or the Bithop- rick of Nantes: In which were, Condivicnum, named alfo Corbilo, as ’tis thought, Nantes—Naminetum or Nannitum Infula, the Iles Bouin, of Noirmoutier, and Dieu—Duorum Corvorum Lacus, the Lake of Grandlien, 28. Andes, or Andegavi, Anjou. Chief Town, Yuliomagus, Angers. 29. Turones, Touraine: ‘Theit Capital, Cafarodunum, afterwards called Turonica, Tours. 2 The(29 ) The principal Rivers within this Diftri&t were, Arar, ot Araris, the Saone—Seguana, the Seine—Ligeris, the Loite—IJjara, the Oife —Olina, the Orne. IV. Gatira Bexeica, was bounded by the Ocean, the County of Caux, the Seine, the Marn, the Mountains of Vofges, and the Rhine. It was inhabited by XXI. Sorts of People, whofe Names were as follows, 3. Bellovaci, and Silvaneétes, the Beauvaifis, and the Diocefe of Senlis, Chief ‘Towns belonging to them were, Ca/aromagus, Beau- vais—Bratufpantium, fappofed: to be the antient Name of Beauvais ; but, according to others, Granvillers or Gratepance—Augu/tomagus, Senlis, 2. Atrebates, or Atribatii, Artois; in which the moft remarkable Towns were, Nemetocenna, or Nemetacum, Arras ot Lens—Orgia- cum, Orchies, Ambiani, Amiens, Chief Towns, Samarobriva, Amiens— Cantovicus, Catwick upon the Sea—Caracotinum, or Quartenfis locus, le Crotoy—Hortenfis, or Hordenfis locus, le Hourdel—Britannia, le Vimeux. 4. Veromandui, the Vermandois, Chief Town, Augufta Veroman- duorum, St, Quentin, or Vermand. 5. Morini, the Boulenois, le Pais reconquis, or the re-conquered Country, and Teutonic Flanders: In which the principal Places were, Teruanna, ot Tarvanna, Terouenne, demolithed—Geffariacum, Bou- logne upon the Sea—Iecius Portus, fappofed to be Gravelines, or Ca lais, or Witfant near Calais—Hedena, Old Hefdin—Oromanfaci, the Inhabitants of the re-conquered Country- -Melda, a {mall River near St. Omer, 6. Nervii, Haynault, the Cambrefis, and French Flanders. Chief Towns, Bagacum, Baganum, ot Baiatum, Bavay—Valentiniane, Valenciennes—Pons Scaldis, Condé—Camaracum, Cambray, Sub- jet to the Nervii were the Sueconi, the Inhabitants of Tournetis, "Their Capital was, Tornacum, or Turnacum, Tournay. 7. Menapii, part of Flanders, Brabant, Guelders, Cleves, Juliers, and of the Diftri& of Cologne. The chief Towns belonging to them were, Ca/tellum Menapiorum, Keflel, or Caftel—Vetera, Santen— Colonia Ulpia Trajana, Kellen—Afciburgium, Afvurg, a Village. 3. Tox( 3° ) 8, Toxandri, or Taxandri, the Mands of Zealand: In which were, Helium caftellum, the Briel—Medicburgum, named alfo, as is fappo- fed, Mattiacum, Middelburg. 9. Batavi, part of Holland and Guelders. ‘The chief Towns therein were, Batavodurum, or Oppidum Batavorum, Battenburg, or Duerftede—Lugdunum Batavorum, Leyden—Noviomagus, Nimme- gen—Arenacum, Arnhem, In this Diftri@ were the Mouths of the Rhine ; namely, Vabalis, the Vabal—Alveus civilis, the Lech—Rbe- nus, the Rhine—and Sala, or [ela, the Iffel. 10. Tungri, called alfe Germani, the Inhabitants of Liege. Their Capital, Atuatuca, or Advaca, Tongeren——The Eburones were part of, and fubject to, the Tangri. 11, Ubi, Cologne, or Colen, and part of Juliers, Chief Towns, Colnia Agrippina, Cologne—Ara Ubiorum, fince called Bonna, and “Fulia Bonna, Bonne—Novefium and Nivefium, Nuys—Gelduba, Gel- dub, a Village. 12. Sunici, Limburg, and part of Juliers. Chief Towns therein, Theuderinm, or Theudunum, Tudder—Coricvallum, Valgenburg. 13. Aduatici, Atuatici, or Betafii, the County of Namur, and part’of Brabant: in which the principal Towns were, Geminiacuns Gemblours—Perviciacum, Pervis. 14. Treviri, Treves, or Triers, and part of Luxembourg. Chief Towns, Augujla Trevirorum, Treves, or Triets—Confluentes, Cob- lentz—Bingium, or Vincum, Bing. 15. Vangiones, part of the territory of Mentz, and of the Palati- nate. Chief Towns, Borbetomagus, Borgetomagus, or Vangiones, Wormes—Moguntiacum, Maguntiacum, Mentz. 16. Nemetes, the Bithoprick of Spire. Capital, Ncomagus, or No viomagus, Spite. 17. Triboce?, the Bithoprick of Strazburg: In which the chief Towns were, Argentoratum, Strazburg—Helellus, Helvelus, or Hel- cebus, Elle— Breucomagus, ot Brocomagus, Brumt—R or Rujiniana, Ruffick—Argentuaria, ot Argentovaria, Colmar, ot Horburg. 18. Mediomatrices, ot Mediomatrici, the Inhabitants of the Meffin, and part of Lorrain, and of Luxemburg, Chief Towns therein, Di- vodurum, or Diviodurum, Metz—Totonis Villa, or Palatium Theo~ donis, Thionville, 2 19. Lewci,(31 ) 19. Leuci, the Bithopricks of Toul and Verdun, and part of Lor- rain; whofe chief Towns were, Tudlum, Toul—Nafum, Nas, in the Barrois—Virodunum, or Verodunum, Verdun, the Capital of the People called Veroduni. 20, Rhemi, the Diocefes of Rheims, Chalons, and Laon, Their Towns were, Durocortorum, or Durocortum, Rheims—Bibrax, Braifne, or Beuvray—Duronum, Doren in Tierache, a Village— Verbinum, Vervins—Laudunum Clavatum, Laon—Catalaunum, ot Durocatelauni, Chalons—Viéoriacum, Vitry-le-Brulé. Thefe two laft belonged to the Catalauni, a People who dwelt where is now the Bifhoprick of Chiilons. 21. Suefiones, the Diocefes of Soiffons and Noyon. Chief Towns, Augufta Suefionum, Soiflons—Noviomum, or Noviomagus, Noyon, Another Divifion of Gaul, according to the Notitia Imperii. The Notitia Imperii Romani, which was made in the fourth Cen- tury, prefents us with another Divifion of Gaul: For there it is divi- ded into five great Provinces, which are fub-divided into feveral other leffer, The great Provinces are, Lugdunenfis, Belgica, Germania, Fiennenfis, and Aquitania. I LUGDUNENSIS. This Province was fub-divided into five Parts, which are, 1. Prima Lugdunenfis; in which were the following Diftia: Metropolis Civitas Lugdunenjium, the Diocefe of Lyon—Civitas 2B. durum, ot Auguftodunum, the Diocele of Autun.—Civitas Lingo~ num, the Diocele of Langres—Ca/lrum Matifconenf’, the Diocete of Mafcon—Cafirum Caballionenfi, the Dioccle of Chilons upon the Saone. 2. Secunda Lugdunenfis, which com Rotomagenfium, the Diocefe of Rouen—Civitas Bajocajinm, Baieux —Civitas Ebroicorum, the Diocefe of Evreax—Civites clbrincatua~ rum, the Diocelé of Avranches—Civitas Sagiorum, or Saiorum, the Diocefe of Seez—Civitas Lexoviorum, the Diocefe of Lificax—Ci- vitas Conflantienfium, the Diocele of Courances. 3. Fertia Lugdunenfis, containing, Metropolis Civitas Turonun, Touraine—Civitas Cenomanorum, Maine—-Civitas Redonum, the Di cele nded Metropolis Civitas(32) ocefes of Rennes, St, Brieu, St. Malo, and Dol—Civitas Namnetum, the Diocefe of Nantes—Civitas Andegavorum, Anjou—Civitas Curi- gfpitum, ot Curifolitarum, the Diocele of Cornouaille—Civitas O- Jifwiorum, the Diocefes of St. Paul de Leon, and Treguier—Civitas Diablintum, or Carifes, Perche, 4 Quarta Lugdunenfis, comprehended—Metropolis Civitas Seno- xum, the Diocefe of Sens—Civitas Carnutum, the Chartrain—Civitas Antiffoderum, the Diocefe of Auxerre—Civitas Trecafium, the Di- ocefe of Troyes—Civitas Aurelianorum, the Orleanois—Civitas Pa- riforum, the Diocefe of Paris—Civitas Meldarum, the Diocefe of Meaux. 5. Quinta Lugdunenfis, or Maxima Sequanorum, contained, Me-~ tropolis Civitas Cripolinorum, the Diocefe of Befangon—Civitas E- queftrium, or Nevidunum, Nyon in Swifferland, Civitas Elvicorum, or Aventicum, Avenches, in German, Wiflifpurg—Civitas Bajilien- fum, formerly called Arialbinum, the Country about Bafle—Ca/irum Vindonicenfe, ot Viridonenfe, Vindifch—Caftrum Ebrodunenfe, Yver- dun in Swifferland—Caftrum Argentarienfé, Colmar in Al{atia—Ca- Jirum Rauricenfe, ot Augufta Rauracorum, Nugt—Portus Abucina, Abucini, or Buccini, the Port of the Louve, UU. BELGICA. This Province was divided into two Parts; namely, 1. Prima Belgica, which comprehended Metropolis Civitas Treve- rorum, the Diocefe of Treves—Crvitas Mediomatricum, the Diocefe of Metz—Civitas Leucorum, the Diocefe of ‘Toul—Civitas Virodunen- Jum, the Diocefe of Verdun, 2. Secunda Belgica, which contained, Metropolis Civitas Remorum, the Diocefe of Reims—Civitas Sueffonum, the Diocefe of Soiffons— Civitas Catalaunorum, the Diocefe of Chalons upon the river Marne —Civitas Veromanduorum, the Diocefe of Noion—Civitas Atreba- tum, Artois—Civitas Cameracenfium, the Diocefe of Cambray—Civi- tas Tornacenfium, the Diocefe of Tournay—Civitas Silvanectum, the Diocefe of Senlis—Civitas Bellovacorum, the Diocefe of Beauvais— Civitas Ambianienfium, the Diocefe of Amiens—Civitas Bononienfi- am, the Boulenois, il. GE R-(33) Wl GERMANIA. ‘This Province was alfo divided into two Parts; viz. . 1. Germania prima, ot fuperior, comprehending, Metropolis Civi- tas Magontiacenfium, the Diocefe of Mentz—Civitas Argentoratenfi- um, or Stratiburgo, the Diocefe of Strafburg—Civitas Nemetum, or Spira, the Diocefe of Spire—Civitas Vangionum, ot Vormacia, the Diocefe of Wormes, 2. Germania Secunda, ot Inferior, lower Germany, which con- tained, Metropolis Civitas Agrippinenfium, or Colonia, the Diocele of Cologne—Civitas Tungrorum, the Country and Diocefe of Liege. IV. VIENNENSIS. This Province was fub-divided into the five following Parts ; namely, 1. Prima Viennenfis, which contained, Metropolis Civitas Viennen- fum, the Diocefe of Vienne—Civitas Genevenfium, the Diocefe of Geneva—Civitas Gratianopolitanorum, the Diocefe of Grenoble— Civitas Albenfium, or Vivario, the Diocefe of Viviers—Crvitas De- enfium, or Dienfium, and Dicienfium, the Diocefe of Die—Civitas Valentinorum, the Diocefe of Valence—Civitas Tricaflinorum, the Diocefe of St. Pol Trois Chateaux—Civitas Vafionenfium, the Diocefe of Vaifon—Civitas Arauficorum, the Diocele of Orange—Civitas Carpentorattenfium, the Diocefe of Carpentras—Civitas Caballicorum, the Diocefe of Cavaillon—Civitas Avennicorum, the Diocefe of A- vignon—Civitas Arelatenfium, the Diocefe of Atles. 2. Secunda Viennenfis, called otherwife Prima Narbonenfis, con- tained, Metropolis Civitas Narbonenfium, the Diocefe of Narbonue— Civitas Tolofatium, the Diocefe of Touloufe—Cuites Agathenyi the Diocefe of Agde—Civitas Aletenjium, the Diocefe of Al vitas Beterrenfium, the Diocele of Beliers—Civitas Magalonenfium, the Diocefe of Montpellier —Civitas Nemaucenfium, the Diocete of Nifines—Cafrum Luteva, ot Civitas Lutevenfiun, the Diocele of Lodeve—Caftrum Ucecenf, or Uceticenfi, the Dioccl: of Utez. 3. Tertia Viennengis, or Secunda Narbonenf's, comprehended, Me- cropolis Civitas Aquenfium, the Diocefe of Aix in Provence— Retenfium, the Diocele of Riez—Civitas Aptenfite , the Diocele of Apt—Crvitas Forojulivnium, the Diocele of Frejus—Civitas Mupin- F confiim,( 34) cenfium, the Diocefe of Gap—Civitas Segeferorum, the Diocefe of Sifteron—Civitas Antipolitana, the Diocefe of Antibes, now Grace. 4. Quarta Viennenfis, ox Alpes Maritime, contained, Metropolis Civitas Ebrodunenfium, the Diocefe of Ambrun—Civitas Dinienfium, the Diocefe of Digne—Civitas Rigomagenfium, Trin, ot Chier—Ci- vitas Sollinienfium, the Marquifate of Salufles—Civitas Sanicienfium, the Diocefe of Senez—Civitas Glannateva, the Diocefe of Glandeves —Civitas Celemenenfium, the County of Nice—Civitas Vencienfium, the Diocefe of Vence, §- Quinta Viennenfis, or Alpes Graic, and Pennine, or Penina, contained, Metropolis Civitas Centronum, the Diocefe of Mouftiers— Civitas Vallenfium, or Oéfodurum, St. Maurice in Vallais. V. AQUITANIA. This Province was divided into three Parts: namely, 3. Aquitania Prima, ot Sexta Viennenfis, containing, Metropolis Civitas Biturigum, the Diocefe of Bourges—Civitas Arvernorum, the Diocefe of Clermont—Crvitas Rutenorum, the Diocefe of Rhodez— Givitas Albigenfium, the Diocefe of Alby—Crvitas Cadurcorum, the Diocefe of Cahors—Civitas Lemovicum, the Limoufin—Civitas Ga- balorum, the Gevaudan—Civitas Vellaunorum, Vellay. 2. Aquitania Secunda, or Septima Viennenfis, comprehended, Me- sropolis Civitas Burdegalenfium, the Diocefe of Bordeaux—Civitas Aginnenfium, the Diocefe of Agen—Civitas Encolifmenfium, the Di- ocefe of Engouléme—Civitas Santonum, Xaintonge—Civitas Pifla- vorum, Poitou—Civitas Petrocoriorum, Perigord. 3. Aquitania Tertia, or Obtava Viennenfis, otherwife called Novem- populania, contained, Metropolis Civitas Aujeiorum, the Diocefe of Aufch—Civitas Aquenfium, the Diocefe of Dax, or d’ Acqs—Civitas Laéturatium, the Diocefe of Lettoure—Crvitas Convenarum, the Di- ocefe of Cominges—Civitas Confarannorum, or Confranncrum, the Diocefe of Conferans—Civitas Boatum, the Captalat of Buchs—C/vi- tas Bencarnenfium, the Diocefe of Lefcat—Civitas Aturenfium, the Divcefe of Aire—Civitas Vajatica, the Diocefe of Bafas—Civitas Tarba, ot Caftrum Begorra, the Diocefe of Tarbes—Civitas Eloro- nenfium, the Diocefe of Oleron—Civitas Elujatium, the Territory of Eufe in Gafcony. L Gaul(35 ) Gaul is, in fome Authors, divided in a yet different manner ; namely, into Togata, Comata, and Braccata: Which divers Names owe their Origin to the different Drefs and Habit of the feveral Inha~ bitants. Gallia Togata, the fame as Gallia Cifalpina, was fo named, becaufe the Inhabitants made ufe of the Roman Yoga. Gallia Coma- ta, the fame as Tranfalpina, had that appellation from its Inhabitants wearing long Hair, Coma, And Gallia Braccata, ftiled afterwards Narbonenfis, was thus called from the Bracce, ot Breeches, worn by, and peculiar to, its Inhabitants, CHAP. V. Of GERMANY. was called Germania Magna, or Barbara, Its Inhabitants {tiled themfelves Thewtifci, and were by other Nations named Germani, and Celté, and, in the decline of the Roman Empire Alemanni, The Bounds of ancient Germany, were; On the Weft, the Rhine and the German Ocean: The Danube, on the South: On the Eaft, Sarmatia, and Mons Carpates, the Mountains of Krapack, or Szepe~ fikrempa: And on the North, Mare Hyperboreum, or the Northern Ocean. So that, befides Prefent Germany, it contained as much of the United Provinces as lies North of the old Channel of the Rhine; and alfo Jutland in Denmark, part of Norway and Sweden, as much of Poland as lies Weft of the Weiffel, and Bohemia, &c. Of the many Nations by whom this vaft Traé& of Land was inha- bited, the Romans conquered only, the Cimbri and Teutoni, the Fri~ fi, Ufipii, Tenéleri, ‘Jubones, Mattiaci, and Alemanni., Germany, with refpect to its Inhabitants, was divided into V. general Parts, namely, the Jfcevones, Hermiones,Vindili, Ingavones, and Peucini. There is in ancicnt Authors another Divifion of Germany, which is as follows. 1. Germany between the Rhine and the Elbe, inter Rhe- num & Albin, 2. Between the Elbe and the Weiffel, inter Albim & Viftulam, 3. Southern Germany, Germania Auftralis, between Fa the G ERMANTA, Germany, as far as known to the Ancients,f 36 ) the Rhine and the Danube. 4. Germany beyond the Weiffel, Ger- mania Tranfoiftulana, 5. And Germany beyond the Sea; and the Wands, Germania Tranjmarina, & Infule. “But 1 thall follow the firft Divifion, as being the moft commonly received among the An- cients, I. ISTEVONES. This People were fub-divided into ¢welve lefler ; viz. 1. Frifii, ot Frifiones,—Moajores, Frifeland, the Province of Gro- ningen, and part of Overiffel, with fome of North Gelderland—Fri- Ji Marfaci, pact of the Province of Utrecht, and as much of Weft- Frifeland, Gelderland, and Holland, as lies North of the old Channel of the Rhine, Here formerly were Lakes that had a Communication with the Sea, which being in procefS of time grown larger, form a Sea, called the Zuyder-zea, ‘The biggeft of thofe Lakes was named, Flevus Lacus, now part of the Zuyder-zea, ‘The moft confiderable Places within this Diftri@ were, Flevum Caftellum, Oofteynde—Mar- namanis Portus, fappofed to be Gelmuyden, or Kempen, or Harlingen ; but, according to others, Marnan, in Frifeland—Cruptoricis Villa, a Place between Leuwarden and Sneck in Frifeland, 2. Dulgibini, part of the Bithoprick of Munfter, Oldenburg, Lin- gen, the County of Hoye, and the Principality of Minden. 3. Angrivarti, part of Overiffel, the County of Bentheim, and part of the Bihoprick of Paderborn, ‘This Territory is fuppofed to have been the Habitation of the Franc?, called otherwife Sali7, whofe chief Town was, Nebalia, Doctburg, or Kempen. 4. Chafuari, or Chaffuarii, part of the Bithoprick of Munfter and Ofnabrug, with the Counties of Raventberg and Lippe, &c. Chief Towns belonging to them were, Tecelia, Teckelemburg—Teutobur- gium, Dethmold, or Dietmelle, called ftill in Latin Teutomellum. ——Here was alfo Textoburgienfis Saltus, Teute, or Teuteberg. §- Chamavi, part of the Bithopricks of Muniter, and Paderborn, with the Counties of Rheda and Ritberg, @c. whofe chief Towns were, Mediolanium, Muntter, or Medclen, a village upon the Oder —Ajciburgivm, Vinmerick, Duilluug, or Mburg—Pontes Longi, near the Town of Lam upon the River Lippe—dlijinis Cajlellan, Weel or Liten, 6. Marf,(37 ) 6. Marfi, part of the Duchy of Weftphalia, and of the Bithoprick of Paderborn, Chief Towns, Luppia, Lippe—Teuderium, rader- born, 7. Sicambri, or Sigambri, afterwards called Franci, were feated along the Rhine, from the Mein to the Lippe. ‘They were tranf- planted into Gaul by Tiberius, and their Country was occupied by the Ufpetes, and the Tenéferi, 8. Uppii, Ufpeta, or Ufipetes, inhabited the County of Reclinchu- fen, and part of that of Marck. 9. Tentteri, or Tenchteri, part of the Duchies of Berg and Weft- phalia, and of the County of Marck. Their chief Towns were, Difporum, Dutteldorp—Linmirus, Monheim. To. Bruéteri, fuppofed to be the fame as the Yubones, dwelt firft in Ovcriffel ; but being difpoffeffed of their Country by the Angriva- rii and Chamavi, they went and fettled between Cologne and Lippe; namely, in part of the Duchy of Berg, of the Archbithoprick of Treves, and of Weteraw. Their chief Town was, Segodunum, Si- gen upon the River Segum, or Sieg. 11. Mattiaci, a great part of Weteraw, Heffe, [fenburg, and Ful- da: The moft remarkable Places therein, were, Aque Mattiace, named by Pliny Mattiaci_fontes, Weifbaden, whofe Inhabitants were afterwards called Bucinobantes—Caftrum Mattiacorum, fozmerly known by the name of Mattium Cattorum, Matpurg—Lucoritum, Lor or Forcheim on the Mein—Taunus Mons, the Hill of Weifbaden, 12. Sedufi, part of Mentz, Wurtzburg, and Wertheim, between the Mein and the Neckar; having thefe confiderable Places, Lupo- dunum, Ladenburg on the Neckar, or elfe the Caftle of Lupi near the Head of the Danube—Menus, the River Mein—Valentiniant Munimentum, probably Manheim on the Neckar. I. HERMIONES. ‘This Nation was fubdivided into Twelve People; namely, 1. Cherui, part of Lanwenburg, of Danneberg, Lunenburg, and Brandenburg, Old Marck, of the Principalities of Magdenburg, and Halberftadt, of the Duchy of Bruniwick, with fome fmall part of Thuringia. They had for Dependents, the Cathulei, Campfani, and Gambrivii.. All thete feveral People have fince been known by the name of Francs, Franci, and were bounded by the Rhine, the Elbe, the( 38 ) the Sala, and the Mein, Their chief Towns were, Leuphana, Ha- nover—Trophea Drufi, Tangermunde—Tulifurgium, Brunfwick— Mefvium, or Mefvium, Magdenburg, or Mildeburg—Pheugarum, Halberftadt. 2. Chatti, or Catti, called by J. Cafar Suevi, (but which mutt not be confounded with the Swevi between the Elbe and the Weiffel) inhabited the County of Schauenburg, part of Brunfwick, the Bifhop- rick of Hildefheim, part of Thuringia, of the Counties of Mansfeld and Waldeck, of Heffe, Paderborn, and of the Abbey of Fulda. In which the chief Towns were, Ca/tellum Cattorum, Caflel—Muniti- um, Gottingen—Devona, Neumarckt, or Thuringia—Becurgium, or Bicurgium, Exfurt—Calegia, Wittenberg, or Weimar in Thuringia— Melocabus, or Melocanus, Coburz—Artaunum, Wifburg. 3. Hermunduri, ot Danuli, (where was alfo formerly the Seat of the Harudes, fince called Suevi) inhabited part of the Palatinate of Bavaria, Voigt-land, Mifoia, and part of Thuringia, Their chief Towns were, Lupfurdum, Meiffen—Gravionurium, ot Granionarium, Bamberg—Segodunum, Nuremberg—Are Flavie, Nortlingen, ot Aurac. 4. Alemanni, ot Alamanni, Brifgaw, Baden, Wirtenberg, and part of the Valleys of Suabia. Chief Towns belonging to them, were, Blufacus Mons, ot Brifacum, Brifac—Tarodunum, Friburg in Brie gaw—Solocinium, ot Sultium, Sultz on the Neckar—Lentium, Leitz, a Village near Friding—Aleimoennis, or Samulocenis, Ulm—Rhiufava, Giengen. 5. Armalaufi, formerly called Narifii, part of the Palatinate of Bavaria, and Lower Auftria, Chief Towns, Menofgada, Egra—Can- tioebis, “Amberg, 6. Marcomanni, having expelled the Boii, feized their Territories, now called Bohemia. Chief Towns, Marobudum, Piague—Cafiur- gum, Kauris—Alijem, Hamttein—Redintuinum, Tein—Meliedunum, Mileutko—Bubiemum, or Bobiafwum, Budewis. 7. Quadi, Moravia; whofe chief Towns were, Eburedunum, fallly called Robodunum, Brun, ot Brin—Edvrum, Olnutz—Celemantia, Kalmintz, a Village—Medofanium, Znaim—Filekia, Filek, or Ful- nek, 8. Gothini, the Southern part of Silefia, Chief Town, Parienna, Parn inn Moravia, 9. OF,