ELECTRICAL SAFETY

Speaker
Engr. Bernabe T. Salazar Jr

SM South 3

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 Objectives

● To know the different Codes and Standards that implement

Electrical Safety

● To be familiar with the four major aspect of electrical safety and

its development

● To provide information in implementing site specific electrical

safety

● To identify and use the proper PPE for electrical works.

● To know the proper tools, testing equipment and accessories

used in Electrical Works that ensure safety.

● To develop skills in identifying electrical potential hazards.

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Electrical Safety Codes & Standards

NFPA 70 - National Electrical Codes

NFPA 70E - Standard for Electrical Safety

PEC 1 - Philippine Electrical Code

OSHA - Occupational Safety & Health

Administration

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Electrical Safety Codes & Standards

NFPA 70 - National Electrical Codes

The focus of the NEC is to identify

requirements used to control the
probability of electrical fires and provide
safe installation when the system or
equipment is operating normally.

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Electrical Safety Codes & Standards

NFPA 70E - Standard for Electrical Safety

The Standard for Electrical Safety

Requirements in the Workplace. This
standard focuses on protecting people
and identifies requirements that are
considered necessary to provide a
workplace that is generally free from
electrical hazards.

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Electrical Safety Codes & Standards

PEC 1 - Philippine Electrical Code

The Philippine Electrical Code covers the

basic safety rules for safeguarding of
persons during installation, operations and
maintenance of electric supply ,
communication lines, and associated
equipment.

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Electrical Safety Codes & Standards

OSHA - Occupational Safety & Health Administration

“The Act.” The Act provides several very important

Elements:

● Establishes OSHA as an arm of the Govt. to

Department of Labor
● Mandates that an employer provide a safe workplace

for employees
● Defines national consensus standards as the starting

point for a safe workplace

● Provides for an inspection and enforcement process

● Provides for a due process

● Provides for specific standards related to personal

safety requirements

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 Electrical Safety major aspect

1. Electrical Installation Safety Requirement

2. Electrical Safety Work Related Practices

3. Electrical Safety Maintenance Requirements

4. Electrical Safety Requirement for Special Equipment

Development of Electrical Safety Standard

Part 1 – 1981
Part 2 – 1983
Part 3 – 1988
Part 4 – 2000

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 EFFECTS OF ELECTRICITY

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 3 Categories of Electrical Hazzards

Electrical Shock

> 30,000 electrical shock accident per year (nonfatal)

> 1,000 electrocution per year (fatal) , servicing <600V

Arc-Flash

>happens when electric current passes through air between ungrounded

conductors (L-L) or ungrounded to grounded conductors (L-G)
>Temp rises to 35,000 dF, that can ignite nearby clothing
>2,000 accident per year
> arc-flash can kill @ 10ft distance.

Arc-Blast

>happens when electric current passes through air between ungrounded

conductors (L-L) or ungrounded to grounded conductors (L-G)

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 Electrical Shock

Human Resistance Values for various Skin-contact condition

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 Electrical Shock

Effects of Electrical Current on the Body

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 Electrical Shock

Current Pathway on the Body

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 Electrical Shock

Current Pathway on the Body

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 Electrical Shock

Effects of Electrical Shock (60Hz, AC)

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 Electrical Shock

Effects of Electrical Current on the Body

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 Electrocuted

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 Electrocuted

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 Arc Flash

Happens when an electrical breakdown of gas produces an

ongoing plasma discharge, the current flow to nonconductive
media such as air.

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 Arc Flash

Effects are;

FIRE
- Serious or fatal burn can occur at distances greater than 10ft
- workers clothing will ignite
- safe approach distances shall be observed by spectator

Radiant Heat
- arc temperature can exceed 35,000 degree F, 5 times hotter
than the surface of the sun.

Burns
- skin tissue damage, typically electrical burns are slow to heal
- arc burn can penetrate the flesh and can ignite material at 10ft
Distances
- thermal contact burns occurs when skin directly contact with hot
surfaces of overheated electric conductors or burn clothing.

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 Arc Flash

Skin Temperature Tolerance Relationship

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

NFPA 70E, Table 130.2

Limited Approach Boundary — Defines the closest approach to an exposed

electrical hazard, (conductor, component, etc.), for non-qualified personnel,
unless escorted by a qualified worker. Determines the minimum safe distance for
the placement of barricades for shock protection. If the qualified electrical workers
are unable or unwilling to provide escort for unqualified workers, the unqualified
worker may not enter the limited approach boundary.

Restricted Approach Boundary — Qualified and Authorized electrical workers

only. All required PPE appropriate to the shock hazard must be worn. The worker
is now working near the exposed hazard. The worker must have an approved plan
for the work they are to perform. They may cross the restricted boundary only to
the extent that is necessary to perform their work.

Prohibited Approach Boundary — All of the requirements for limited and

restricted boundaries apply. Any work inside the prohibited boundary is
considered the same as being in contact with the exposed uninsulated conductor.
No electrically uninsulated part of the body may cross the prohibited approach
boundary.

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

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 Arc Blast

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 Arc Blast

What happen and what Energy is released when an Arc occurs

and creates a Flash Hazard or Blast?

Answer: The following is the product

Heat – Temperatures can approach several thousands to tens of

thousands of degrees F.

Light – Ultraviolet Light and most face shields don’t protect

Sound – An explosion, can generate up to 160db, can cause hearing

damage

Pressure – Referred to as Arc Blast – expansion of air and metal.

Pressures can range between 100’s of lbs per square foot to 1000’s of
lbs per square foot.

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 Arc Flash/ Blast

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 Arc Flash / Blast Test1

Staged test protected by circuit breaker with short-time delay (not a current-limiting overcurrent
protective device). Short-time delay intentionally delayed opening for six cycles (0.1 second).
Note: Unexpectedly, there was an additional fault in the wireway and the blast caused the
cover to hit the mannequin in the head.

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 Arc Flash / Blast Test

Test Results , without circuit protection

Following are the results recorded from the

various sensors on the mannequin closest to the
arcing fault. T1 and T2 recorded the temperature
on the bare hand and neck respectively.

The hand with T1 sensor was very close to the

arcing fault. T3 recorded the temperature on the
chest under the cotton shirt.

P1 recorded the pressure on the chest. And the

sound level was measured at the ear. Some
results “pegged the meter.” That is, the specific
measurements were unable to be recorded in
some cases because the actual level exceeded
the range of the sensor/recorder setting.

These values are shown as >, which indicates that

the actual value exceeded the value given but it is
unknown how high of a level the actual
value attained.

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 Arc Flash / Blast Test2

Staged test protected by KRP-C-601SP LOW-PEAK® current-limiting fuses (Class L). These fuses
were in their current- limiting range and cleared in less than a cycle (0.0083 seconds).

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 Arc Flash / Blast Test

Test Results

Following are the results recorded from the

various sensors on the mannequin closest to the
arcing fault. T1 and T2 recorded the temperature
on the bare hand and neck respectively.

The hand with T1 sensor was very close to the

arcing fault. T3 recorded the temperature on the
chest under the cotton shirt.

P1 recorded the pressure on the chest. And the

sound level was measured at the ear. Some
results “pegged the meter.” That is, the specific
measurements were unable to be recorded in
some cases because the actual level exceeded
the range of the sensor/recorder setting.

These values are shown as >, which indicates that

the actual value exceeded the value given but it is
unknown how high of a level the actual
value attained.

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 Arc Flash / Blast Test3

Staged test protected by LPS-RK-30SP, LOW-PEAK® current-limiting fuses (Class RK1). These
fuses were in current-limiting range and cleared in approximately cycle (0.004 seconds).

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 Arc Flash / Blast Test

Test Results

Following are the results recorded from the

various sensors on the mannequin closest to the
arcing fault. T1 and T2 recorded the temperature
on the bare hand and neck respectively.

The hand with T1 sensor was very close to the

arcing fault. T3 recorded the temperature on the
chest under the cotton shirt.

P1 recorded the pressure on the chest. And the

sound level was measured at the ear. Some
results “pegged the meter.” That is, the specific
measurements were unable to be recorded in
some cases because the actual level exceeded
the range of the sensor/recorder setting.

These values are shown as >, which indicates that

the actual value exceeded the value given but it is
unknown how high of a level the actual
value attained.

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

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 Arch Flash Protection Boundary

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 Arch Flash Burn

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 Arch Flash Burn

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 Electrical Signage

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 Electrical Signage

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 Electrical Signage

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 Electrical Signage

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 Electrical Signage

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 Personal Protective Equipment

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 Personal Protective Equipment

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 Personal Protective Equipment

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 END
THANK YOU

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