aHigher Nationals

Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)

INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS
Programme title HND in Computing

T.Menan
Assessor Internal
Verifier
Unit 14: Business Intelligence
Unit(s)
Applying BI solutions to enhance and improve business
Assignment title operations

ITHREES MOHAMED ISHRAK

Student’s name
List which assessment Pass Merit Distinction
criteria the Assessor has
awarded.
INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded match

those shown in the assignment brief?
Y/N
Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade awarded
justified by the assessor’s comments on the Y/N
student work?
Has the work been assessed
accurately? Y/N
Is the feedback to the student:
Give details:
• Constructive?
• Linked to relevant assessment criteria? Y/N
• Identifying opportunities for improved Y/N
performance? Y/N

• Agreeing actions?
Y/N
Does the assessment decision need
amending? Y/N

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier signature Date

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Programme Leader signature (if
required) Date
Confirm action completed
Remedial action taken
Give details:

Assessor signature Date

Internal
Verifier Date
signature
Programme Leader
signature (if Date
required)

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Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form
Student Name/ID ITHREES MOHAMED ISHRAK/ TRI/00028923
Unit Title Unit 14: Business Intelligence
Assignment Number Assessor
Date Received 1st
Submission Date submission
Date Received 2nd
Re-submission Date submission
Assessor Feedback:
LO1 Discuss business processes and the mechanisms used to support business decision-making.

Pass, Merit & P1 M1 D1

Distinction Descripts

LO2 Compare the tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality.

Pass, Merit & P2 M2 D2

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 Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student

Distinction Descripts
Action Plan
LO3 Demonstrate the use of business intelligence tools and technologies
Pass, Merit & P3 P4 M3 D3
Distinction Descripts

LO4 Discuss the impact of business intelligence tools and technologies for
effective decision-making purposes and the legal/regulatory context in which they
are used.
Summative feedback
Pass, Merit & P5 P6 M4 D4
Distinction Descripts

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Student
Feedback: Assessor Signature:
to Assessor Date:
Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place and grades
decisions have been agreed at the assessment board.

Assessor Date
signature

Student signature Date

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Pearson Higher Nationals in
Computing

Unit 14: Business

Intelligence Assignment 01

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General Guidelines

1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment. Use
previous page as your cover sheet and make sure all the details are accurately filled.
2. Attach this brief as the first section of your assignment.
3. All the assignments should be prepared using a word processing software.
4. All the assignments should be printed on A4 sized papers. Use single side printing.
5. Allow 1” for top, bottom , right margins and 1.25” for the left margin of each page.

Word Processing Rules

1. The font size should be 12 point, and should be in the style of Time New Roman.
2. Use 1.5 line spacing. Left justify all paragraphs.
3. Ensure that all the headings are consistent in terms of the font size and font style.
4. Use footer function in the word processor to insert Your Name, Subject, Assignment No, and
Page Number on each page. This is useful if individual sheets become detached for any reason.
5. Use word processing application spell check and grammar check function to help editing your
assignment.

Important Points:

1. It is strictly prohibited to use textboxes to add texts in the assignments, except for the
compulsory information. eg: Figures, tables of comparison etc. Adding text boxes in the body
except for the before mentioned compulsory information will result in rejection of your work.
2. Avoid using page borders in your assignment body.
3. Carefully check the hand in date and the instructions given in the assignment. Late submissions
will not be accepted.
4. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date.
5. Excuses of any nature will not be accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
6. You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
7. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness, you
may apply (in writing) for an extension.
8. Failure to achieve at least PASS criteria will result in a REFERRAL grade .
9. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic RE FERRAL. You will
then be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
10. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, reference them properly using
HARVARD referencing system to avoid plagiarism. You have to provide both in-text citation and
a reference list.

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 11. If you are proven to be guilty of plagiarism or any academic misconduct, your grade could be
reduced to A REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course.
Student Declaration

I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present it as
my own without attributing the sources in the correct form. I further understand what it means to
copy another’s work.

I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of Edexcel UK.

I know what the consequences will be if I plagiarize or copy another’s work in any of the assignments
for this program.

I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspect of my program, will be my own, and
where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the correct way.

I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a binding agreement
between myself and Pearson UK.

I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this document is not
attached to the assignment.

[email protected] 2021.07
.24
Student’s Signature: Date:

(Provide E-mail ID) (Provide Submission Date)

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Higher National Diploma in Business
Assignment Brief

Student Name /ID Number ITHREES MOHAMED ISHRAK/ TRI/00028923

Unit Number and Title Unit 14 : Business Intelligence

Academic Year 2021/2022

Unit Tutor

Assignment Title Business Process Support Mechanisms

Issue Date

Submission Date

IV Name & Date

Submission format

The submission should be in the form of an individual written report. This should be written
in a concise, formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to
make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be
supported with research and referenced. Follow Harvard referencing system for in-text
citations, reference list and the bibliography.. The recommended word limit is 4,000–4,500
words, although you will not be penalised for exceeding the total word limit.

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 Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Discuss business processes and the mechanisms used to support business
decision-making.

LO2 Compare the tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality
LO3 Demonstrate the use of business intelligence tools and technologies
LO4 Discuss the impact of business intelligence tools and technologies for effective decision-
making purposes and the legal/regulatory context in which they are used Assignment Brief and
Guidance:

Data and information are core to any organizational business process. Meaningful information
is a necessity to drive profitable business actions. The concept of Business Intelligence (BI) has
evolved through technologies such as Decision Support Systems (DSS) to a number of tools,
technologies, architectures and methods which involves data cleaning, data integration, data
mining, data evaluation and data representation. Hence BI can be identified as a software suite
of software and services to transform data into actionable intelligence and knowledge.

Scenario
Yard of Ale is a large-scale brewery in Sri Lanka and well establish company control 20%
market share of beer market which is the 2nd biggest market share from entire beer market.
The company have automated production line include mills, Brewhouse and bottling plant and
each control by separate embedded software system not allowed to access operational data
stores but can be configured to generate CSV or excel operational data file at the end of each
batch. The company consists of multiple departments responsible for each operations of the
organization such as Production, Engineering, HR/Legal, finance, Sales and marketing,
Procurement, Administration, Quality control, Research and development, IT and each and
every department have its own operational systems to record keeping purposes and each

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operational application software developed by professionally. Each department manages by a
department manager. For an example, production department manages by the production
manager and he is responsible for manage all production related operations in sub
departments. Mills ,Brewhouse ,Bottling plant, raw material and finish products stores and
each sub department managed by operational manager. This hierarchical configuration
replicates throughout most of the department. Upper management of brewery required to
consolidate all these data in to one data warehouse with the data contain in the legacy system
as well. Other than that upper management required to incorporate every external data about
company and products from various data collection and research agencies the business
intelligent system.
Those external data available as JSON/XML data files, plain text reports, social media
comments/posts and all negative and positive online comments about organization and
products.

Upper management of company believe more you know about organization and the external
environment you have better completive advantage. Have potential to control bigger market
share and effectively become number 1 beer in Sri Lanka

Task 1
Analyse the business processes and the supporting processes of the organization given
in the scenario and differentiate between semi structured and unstructured data.
Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of using application software to handle the
business processes in Yard of Ale.

Task 2
Compare how strategic, tactical and operational decisions are supported within the
organization for business decision making process. You have to furthermore compare
and contrast how various information systems (TPS,MIS,DSS) could be utilized to
enhance those decisions with related to key features of BI framework . Justify your
answer with relevant to the functionalities of business intelligence.

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Task 3
Chief Engineer is the tactical manager of engineering department who oversees all repairs
and maintenance of the total eight sectors of the factory that include water purification
plant, Mill, Brewhouse, bottling plant, waste treatment plant, factory maintenance and
repair/ fabrication shop. Each sector consists of two or more sub sectors and each subsector
have 4- 10 of machines. Chief engineer requires to track the maintenance and repair all the
machineries with minimal disruption to production and he must maintain healthy inventory
of spare parts which consist of over 5000s items, track the progress of every jobs, Identify
problematic arias, Track engineers and mechanics work logs and efficiency and monitor
system downtime.

3.1. Explain what business intelligence is and the tools and technologies associated with it
by taking relevant examples to the organization given in the scenario.

3.2. Design a Managerial dash board for chief engineer using various data visualizations
methodologies that includes 6-8 widgets to present required information. Apply
appropriate customizations that can utilize to improve the managerial dashboard designed
above . Critically evaluate how your Dashboard design and the suggested enhancement
could optimize chief engineer’s performance by delivering accurate and reliable information
to increase his effectiveness.

Task 4
4.1. Discuss how organizational decision-making process can be improved by implementing
business intelligence tools. Conduct a research to identify the organizations that have
utilized new business intelligent innovations and trends to improve their performance and
to extend BI systems to target audience, provide better competitive advantage within the
market.

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4.2. Sharing data within the organization through a BI tool can raise legal, ethical and
professional concerns. Explore the legal issues that may result when using business
intelligence tools (Eg: Data protection laws, Cyber security, etc.) and evaluate how the
chosen organization and extend the target audience / gain a competitive advantage by
securely exploiting Business Intelligence tools.

Grading Rubric

Grading Criteria Achieve Feedback

d
LO1 Discuss business processes and the
mechanisms used to support business
decision-making.

P1 Examine, using examples, the terms

‘Business Process’ and ‘Supporting
Processes’.
M1 Differentiate between unstructured
and semi-structured data within an
organisation.

D1 Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of

using application software as a mechanism
for business processing.

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LO2 Compare the tools and technologies
associated with business intelligence
functionality

P2 Compare the types of support available

for business decision-making at varying
levels within an organization.

M2 Justify, with specific examples, the key

features of business intelligence
functionality.

D2 Compare and contrast a range of

information systems and technologies
that can be used to support
organisations at operational, tactical
and strategic levels.

LO3 Demonstrate the use of business

intelligence tools and technologies

P3 Determine, with examples, what

business intelligence is and the tools
and techniques associated with it.

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 P4 Design a business intelligence tool,
application or interface that can
perform a specific task to support
problem-solving or decision-making
at an advanced level.

M3 Customise the design to ensure

that it is user friendly and has a
functional interface.

D3 Provide a critical review of the

design in terms of how it meets
a specific user or business
requirement and identify what
customisation has been integrated
into the design.

LO4 Discuss the impact of business

intelligence tools and technologies for
effective decision-making purposes
and the legal/regulatory context in
which they are used

P5 Discuss how business intelligence

tools can contribute to effective
decision-making.

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 P6 Explore the legal issues involved in
the secure exploitation of business
intelligence tools.

M4 Conduct research to identify

specific examples of organisations
that have used business intelligence
tools to enhance or improve
operations

D4 Evaluate how organisations could

use business intelligence to extend
their target audience and make them
more competitive within the market,
taking security legislation into
consideration.

Acknowledgement
In preparation for my assignment, I had to take the help and guidance of some respected persons,
who deserve my deepest gratitude. As the completion of this assignment gave me much pleasure,
I would like to show my gratitude Mr. T. Menan giving me a good guideline for assignment
throughout numerous consultations. I would also like to expand my gratitude to all those who
have directly and indirectly guided me in writing this assignment.
Thank you…
I.M.ISHRAK.

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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16
TASK 01-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
1.1 ANALYSE THE BUSINESS PROCESSES AND THE SUPPORTING PROCESSES OF THE ORGANIZATION GIVEN IN
THE SCENARIO AND DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN SEMI STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED DATA . EVALUATE THE
BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS OF USING APPLICATION SOFTWARE TO HANDLE THE BUSINESS PROCESSES IN YARD
OF ALE.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Background details of the organization--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Business process--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
Operational processes-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21
Supporting processes--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
Management processes------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23
Important Of Business Intelligent--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24
Semi structured and unstructured data------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
Application software---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
Functions of Application Software-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27
Examples of Application Software-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27

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 Business Application software--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27
Popular Application Software Add-Ons------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28
TASK 02-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30
2.1 COMPARE HOW STRATEGIC, TACTICAL AND OPERATIONAL DECISIONS ARE SUPPORTED WITHIN THE
ORGANIZATION FOR BUSINESS DECISION MAKING PROCESS. YOU HAVE TO FURTHERMORE COMPARE AND
CONTRAST HOW VARIOUS INFORMATION SYSTEMS (TPS,MIS,DSS) COULD BE UTILIZED TO ENHANCE THOSE
DECISIONS WITH RELATED TO KEY FEATURES OF BI FRAMEWORK. JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWER WITH RELEVANT
TO THE FUNCTIONALITIES OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE .-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31
1. OPERATIONAL DECISIONS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31
Operational Decisions------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31
Tactical Decisions------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
Strategic Decision------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
Transaction Processing System (TPS)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34
Management Information Systems (MIS)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34
Decision Support System (DSS)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35
Key features of Business Intelligence functionality---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36
TASK 03-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38
2.1 EXPLAIN WHAT BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IS AND THE TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH IT BY
TAKING RELEVANT EXAMPLES TO THE ORGANIZATION GIVEN IN THE SCENARIO .------------------------------------------- 38
Business Intelligence Tools------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38
Business Intelligence Techniques----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40
Inventory Plan---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
3.2. DESIGN A MANAGERIAL DASH BOARD FOR CHIEF ENGINEER USING VARIOUS DATA VISUALIZATIONS
METHODOLOGIES THAT INCLUDES 6-8 WIDGETS TO PRESENT REQUIRED INFORMATION. APPLY APPROPRIATE
CUSTOMIZATIONS THAT CAN UTILIZE TO IMPROVE THE MANAGERIAL DASHBOARD DESIGNED ABOVE .
CRITICALLY EVALUATE HOW YOUR DASHBOARD DESIGN AND THE SUGGESTED ENHANCEMENT COULD
OPTIMIZE CHIEF ENGINEER’S PERFORMANCE BY DELIVERING ACCURATE AND RELIABLE INFORMATION TO
INCREASE HIS EFFECTIVENESS .---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
Busines intelligence dashboard-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
BI dashboard features and components------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
Managerial dash board------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 46
TASK 04-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
4.1 DISCUSS HOW ORGANIZATIONAL DECISION-MAKING PROCESS CAN BE IMPROVED BY IMPLEMENTING
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TOOLS. CONDUCT A RESEARCH TO IDENTIFY THE ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE
UTILIZED NEW BUSINESS INTELLIGENT INNOVATIONS AND TRENDS TO IMPROVE THEIR PERFORMANCE AND TO
EXTEND BI SYSTEMS TO TARGET AUDIENCE, PROVIDE BETTER COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE WITHIN THE
MARKET.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47
Business Intelligence--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
How does business Intelligence help a company-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
Things that should be considered choosing Business Intelligence---------------------------------------------------------------48
Conduct a research to identify the organizations that have utilized new business intelligent innovations and
trends to improve their performance and to extend BI systems to target audience, provide better competitive
advantage within the market--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49
Conduct a research to identify the organizations.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49
Chipotle created a unified view of restaurant operations--------------------------------------------------------------------------49
Des Moines Public Schools identifies and helps at-risk students-----------------------------------------------------------------49
Coca-Cola Bottling Company maximized operational efficiency----------------------------------------------------------------50
Business intelligent innovations and trends-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
BI systems to target audience, provide better competitive advantage within the market--------------------------------55
Business Intelligence and Marketing------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------55
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 Expanding Target Audience through Business Intelligence-----------------------------------------------------------------------55
Expansion planning--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55
Finding your audience------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56
Creating your business plan---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56
Developing your marketing campaign--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56
Use predictive insights to take action----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57
Application of Business Intelligence in Marketing-------------------------------------------------------------------------57
Predictive Analytics--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57
Technology Integration----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57
Social Analytics--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58
Customer Data---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58
Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59
4.2. SHARING DATA WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION THROUGH A BI TOOL CAN RAISE LEGAL, ETHICAL AND
PROFESSIONAL CONCERNS. EXPLORE THE LEGAL ISSUES THAT MAY RESULT WHEN USING BUSINESS
INTELLIGENCE TOOLS (EG: DATA PROTECTION LAWS, CYBER SECURITY, ETC.) AND EVALUATE HOW THE
CHOSEN ORGANIZATION AND EXTEND THE TARGET AUDIENCE / GAIN A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE BY
SECURELY EXPLOITING BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TOOLS.------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 61
Risk in business intelligence----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62
Data Security Issues Involved in the Organization-------------------------------------------------------------------------62
Laws Involved in Information Security---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66
General Computer Crime Laws----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66
Privacy Laws------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66
Privacy of Customer information--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66
Copyright Law----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67
Legal Issues Identify in The Designed System-------------------------------------------------------------------------------68
SLA Design and Management--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68
Data Rights Management for BI Processing---------------------------------------------------------------------------------69
Software Rights Management-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70
Confidentiality---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 71
Competitive Advantage and Innovation---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------71
REFERENCES----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73

Table of Figures
Figure 1 Yard of Ale Profile Image ...........................................................................................
20
Figure 2 Semi structured and unstructured data ....................................................................
26
Figure 3 Word process sample picture .....................................................................................
29
Figure 4 Scheduling software sample picture ...........................................................................
30
Figure 5 Spreadsheet sample picture ........................................................................................
30

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Figure 6 Decisions Concerns for comparison ...........................................................................
33 Figure 7 Decision taking
pyramid ............................................................................................. 33

Task 01

1.1 Analyse the business processes and the supporting processes of the
organization given in the scenario and differentiate between semi
structured and unstructured data. Evaluate the benefits and
drawbacks of using application software to handle the business
processes in Yard of Ale.

Background details of the organization

Yard of Ale is a large-scale brewery in Sri Lanka and well establish company control 20%
market share of beer market which is the 2nd biggest market share from entire beer market. The
company have automated production line include mills, Brewhouse and bottling plant and each
control by separate embedded software system not allowed to access operational data stores but
can be configured to generate CSV or excel operational data file at the end of each batch. The
company consists of multiple departments responsible for each operations of the organization
such as Production, Engineering, HR/Legal, finance, Sales and marketing, Procurement,
Administration, Quality control, Research and development, IT and each and every department
have its own operational systems to record keeping purposes and each operational application
software developed by professionally. Each department manages by a department manager.

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 Figure 1 Yard of Ale Profile Image

Business process

A set of processes architectures and technologies that transform raw data into meaningful
information that drives profitable business actions are called Business Intelligence. Business
Intelligence was derived from the idea that managers with inaccurate or incomplete information
tend to make worse decisions on average than if they had better information. Transforming data
into actionable intelligence and knowledge is a suite of software and services. Business
intelligence impacts directly on the strategic, tactical and operational business decisions of the
organization.

A wide range of applications and methodologies enable companies to collect data from internal
systems and external sources to prepare data for analysis, create and conduct knowledge queries,
and produce reports, dashboards and data visualizations to make analytical results available to
corporate decision-makers and administrative staff are included in Business Intelligence. The
different kinds of application that are used in BI are: Spreadsheets, Reporting and querying
software: applications that extract, sort, summarize, and present selected data, online analytical
processing (OLAP), Digital dashboards, Data mining etc.

A business process is a system in which certain set of rules are defined and a method to run a
business is to be followed in order to achieve the defined goals. A business process is an

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operation or collection of activities that can accomplish a particular organizational objective.
Business process management refers to a specialized business process improvement information
system by measuring, tracking and analyzing process performance against strategic objectives.
Business process management is an application of business intelligence. Examples of Business
processes are: Invoicing, Shipping products, receiving orders, Updating personnel data,
determining marketing and other budgets.

The business process can be described in three categories:-

1. Operational Process 2. Supporting Process

3. Management Process.

Operational processes

Operational processes, also called the core business processes, are the activities that bring direct
value to your company and your customers. Such processes are essential to your company and its
perfection is crucial because they are generating your revenue.
Example:
One example for operational process in Yard of Ale is a large-scale brewery in Sri Lanka and
well establish company is this process carries out the tasks of sales, purchasing, marketing
department of this company.

Evaluate Inputs and Outputs

Data and resources used by humans to manufacture specific products that are designed to meet
customer’s needs. Input elements are the raw materials such as work items, energy, human labor
etc. And the outputs elements are finished goods which have been manufactured from the factory
and the product that the customer needs. This production or conversion is called the input output
device transformation.

Asking for Feedback

Feedback is important for operational process. It can come from internal as well as from external
sources. External sources include monitoring assessment and continuous improvement of goods
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and services and external sources include those offering end- customer products or services as
well as customer feedback. Feedback information is used to control the operational process by
adjusting the inputs and processes used to obtain desired outputs.

Make our process analysis

Analysis of business processes is a method of analysis that helps to increase system efficiency
and effectiveness. This determines how well the end goal of the operational process is
accomplished. Business process analysis identifies and examines every part of the structure
including the process itself the participating parties the information exchange and others.

Analyze the Results

Analyzing the results is carried out with the purpose of understanding and improving
organizational processes. Using different mathematical models quantitative analyzes and
logical reasoning techniques organizational analysis attempts to assess whether each part
of the organization is effectively contributing to overall success and company strategy
growth.

Supporting processes

To be able to only focus on core business, activities must be every business owner’s dream. As
your organization grows, so do its business processes. In the real world, for every employee that
focuses on core business and creates the value that consumers crave multiple workers are not
necessarily responsible for the final product but are helping to smooth the whole process.
Without them, even the best organizations would collapse.
Examples of supporting processes:
1. technical support
2. accounting
3. call centre
4. sales
5. HR
6. marketing funnels
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 Without these people and their respective processes, there is no future for any company.

Management processes

Somebody needs to oversee how the company runs. The managers surely have their set of rules
and processes which their follow.

Their main task is to measure, monitor and control all the business-related procedures and
systems.
Examples of management processes:
1. budgeting
2. governance (to oblige with the legal regulations and internal guidelines)
3. infrastructure(Dvorak, 2021)

Planning
Planning is a management process that deals with setting goals for the future direction of an
organization and determining the assets needed to achieve those goals. During the planning phase
managers may create a number of plans business plan, marketing plan, etc. It also involves
selecting objectives and mission to achieve that success. It is possible to maintain managerial
effectiveness by guiding future activities through planning.

Organizing

Organizing involves deciding how to organize and manage tasks and services. The organization
can also be characterized as a deliberately formalized position structure or positions for
individuals to fill in an organization. Organizing creates a relationship structure in an
organization, and future plans are followed through these organized relationships.

Directing

The ability to influence people for a specific purpose and intention is directing. Directing is
considered by all managerial practices to be the most critical and demanding. Directing drives or
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encourages the organization's leader to work with the organization's interest. Directing is to
create a positive attitude towards the work and goals among the organization's employees by
changing their behavior.

Controlling

Controlling is called tracking the progress of the company towards achieving the goal. To ensure
the achievement of the organizational goal, monitoring progress is important. Controlling is
evaluating, and correcting the organizational practices that are carried out to achieve the goals or
targets. Control tasks usually relate to calculating success or consequences of actions taken t o
achieve the goal.

Important Of Business Intelligent

1. BI turns data into usable information. Raw data doesn’t tell us what to do in business all
on its own. BI systems allow for comprehensive analysis of data to identify important
trends that can be used to modify or implement strategic plans and to understand the
interconnections between different functions and facets of your business.

2. BI improves the visibility of core business components. BI makes it easier to see each
component part of your business, including those that are often overlooked.
Consequently, you can more easily identify components that need improvement and to
make changes.
3. BI improves your ROI and ability to achieve goals. BI analysis allows you to understand
how best to allocate resources to meet your stated goals. This allows you to increase
your ROI by ensuring that resources are deployed strategically to achieve fixed goals,
and it helps to prevent “mission drift” or “mission creep” where outcomes no longer
align to goals.

4. BI improves your understanding of consumer behaviour. BI analysis allows you to track

global, regional, and local consumption patterns to better understand current trends.

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 This, in turn, allows you to develop and deliver products and services that anticipate
market needs.
5. BI improves your marketing and sales intelligence. By keeping track of data about your
clients and customers, BI allows you to understand how they interact with your
organization at a deeper level so you can identify solutions to consumer issues and
better reach your customers with targeted messages to increase sales.

6. BI improves productivity. BI makes the process of analysing and interpreting data faster
and more efficient, giving you the power to understand business data as quickly as it
comes in, and it allows you to generate reports with the simple click of a mouse. This
give you and your employees more time to devote to running your business rather than
analysing it. (Colavito,2021)
Semi structured and unstructured data

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 Figure 2 Semi structured and unstructured data

Application software

Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific personal,

educational, and business function. Each program is designed to assist the user with a particular
process, which may be related to productivity, creativity, and/ or communication.

Functions of Application Software

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Application software programs are created to facilitate a variety of functions, including but not
limited to:
1. Managing information
2. Manipulating data
3. Constructing resources
4. Calculating figures

Examples of Application Software

The most common application software programs are used by millions every day and include:

1. Microsoft suite of products (Office, Excel, Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, etc.)

2. Internet browsers like Firebox, Safari, and Chrome.

3. Mobile pieces of software such as Pandora (for music appreciation), Skype (for real-time

online communication), and Slack (for team collaboration)

Business Application software

Business application software is a subset of the application software. These programs are built to
facilitate certain business functions, improving the accuracy, efficiency, and effectiveness of
operations. Business application software programs achieve measurable objectives such as
saving work time and enhancing productivity.

Below are some popular examples of business application that are commonly used by
organizations:

1. Enterprise Resource Planning

2. Customer Relationship Management

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 3. Database

4. Project Management Software

5. Business Process Management

6. Productivity Software

7. Resource Management Software

8. Time Management Software

9. Educational Software

Popular Application Software Add-Ons

1. Word Processor – a piece of application software that allows the user to create, edit,

format, and print written documents.

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 Figure 3 Word process sample picture

2. Scheduling Software – a type of business software that helps an organization allocate

resources, assign shifts, and understand exactly who is working and what individuals are

paid for that work.

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 Figure 4 Scheduling software sample picture

3. Spreadsheet – a computer based document that displays data in a grid format and allows

the user to enter and manipulate data, and to perform accounting functions.

Figure 5 Spreadsheet sample picture

Task 02

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 2.1 Compare how strategic, tactical and operational decisions are
supported within the organization for business decision making
process. You have to furthermore compare and contrast how various
information systems (TPS,MIS,DSS) could be utilized to enhance
those decisions with related to key features of BI framework. Justify
your answer with relevant to the functionalities of business
intelligence.

To be successful in business today companies need to be able to support their managers and
business professionals varied knowledge and decision-making needs. Web, internets and other
web-enabled information systems have been instrumental in promoting the role that is played in
supporting the decision-making activities of all managers and knowledge workers in industry.
Organizational decision-making process is essential to high quality and transparent decisions
otherwise a business will not run smoothly. Business decision making is very important and it is
also very complex. In an organization employees at all levels across all departments make
decisions. In an organization various decisions are taken some decision relate to the evaluation of
investments the allocation of resources or the evaluation of fusions and acquisition proposals
while others relate to the introduction of new products the study of their shelf-life or the
improvement of production efficiency.

For an organization the decisions can be classified into three types they are:

1. Operational Decisions

2. Tactical Decisions

3. Strategic Decisions

Operational Decisions

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This type of decision is long term decisions that directly impact the functioning of a business.
This type of decisions fall under two categories. Top management takes decisions on the location
of the plant, production volume, distribution channel and policies. Decisions which are linked to
the daily functioning are taken by the mid- and lower-level managers.

Tactical Decisions

Tactical decisions are taken more frequently. Tactical decision for Yard of Ale is a large-scale
brewery in Sri Lanka and well establish company includes Change product pricing, Reschedule
work, Reorganize a department. It helps the company to gain competitive advantage. The impact
of these types of decisions on the organization is of a medium risk nature.

Strategic Decision

Strategic decisions involve careful analysis of the situation and consequences. Generally it is
taken by the top level employees. Strategic decisions are not related to an organization's general
operation they are non-repetitive in nature and require a great deal of time to be made. Strategic
decision for “Yard of Ale is a large-scale brewery in Sri Lanka and well establish company
includes include priorities, goals setting and forecasting for the future, global diversification.

Concerns for Strategic Decisions Tactical Decisions Operational Decisions

comparison

Opportunities These are linked to the These are linked to an These are linked to each
organization's organization's department's sub units.
overall goals. departmental targets.

Managers grade The highest Level Medium Level The lowest level

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Center of These deal with the These are in the welfare These are linked to the
attention development of the of an growth of production
organization. organization's and factory.
employees.

Formation of Unstructured data Semi Structured data Structured data

data

Atmosphere Linked with external Linked with external Linked with effective
atmosphere. and internal use of resources
Atmosphere. focusing internal
atmosphere.

Timetable Non-routine. Non routine & routine. Routine

Time limit These types of These types of These types of decisions

decisions are long decisions are are not frequently taken.
terms taken daily.
decisions.

Figure 6 Decisions Concerns for comparison

Figure 7 Decision taking pyramid

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Transaction Processing System (TPS)

A dealings process System may be a set of data that processes the info dealings in information
system that monitors dealings programs. The system is helpful once one thing is sold-out over
the web. It permits for a time delay between once AN item is being sold-out to once it is truly
soldout. AN example is that of a sporting event price tag. Whereas the client is filling out his or
her info to get the seat price tag; the dealings process system is holding the ticket so another
client cannot additionally decease. It permits a price tag to not be sold-out to two very different
customers.
Examples of transaction processing systems include:- 1. Point of sale systems – records daily
sales
2. Payroll systems – processing employees salary, loans management, etc..
3. Airline booking systems – flights booking management
4. Stock control systems – keeping track of inventory levels

Management Information Systems (MIS)

A management information system (MIS) is a computer system consisting of hardware and

software that serves as the backbone of an organization’s operations. An MIS gathers data from
multiple online systems, analyses the information, and reports data to aid in management
decisionmaking
Examples of management information system include:-
1. Sales management systems – they get input from the point of sale system
2. Budgeting systems – gives an overview of how much money is spent within the
organization for the short and long terms.

Improved Decision-Making
The purpose of an MIS is improved decision-making, by providing up-to-date, accurate data on a
variety of organizational assets, including:

1. Financials

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 2. Inventory
3. Personnel
4. Project timelines
5. Manufacturing
6. Real estate
7. Marketing
8. Raw materials
9. R&D
The MIS collects the data, stores it, and makes it accessible to managers who want to analyse the
data by running reports. (shopify.com, 2020)

Decision Support System (DSS)

A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized program used to support determinations,

judgments, and courses of action in an organization or a business. A DSS sifts through and
analyses massive amounts of data, compiling comprehensive information that can be used to
solve problems and in decision-making.
The DSS can be either completely computerized or powered by humans. In some cases, it may
combine both. The ideal systems analyse information and actually make decisions for the user.
At the very least, they allow human users to make decisions that are more informed at a quicker
pace.
(investopedia.com/, 2020)
Examples of decision support system include:-
1. Financial planning systems – it enables managers to evaluate alternative ways of
achieving goals. The objective is to find the optimal way of achieving the goal. For
example, the net profit for a business is calculated using the formula total sales less (Cost
of Goods + Expenses) A financial planning system will enable senior executives to ask
what if questions and adjust the values for total sales, the cost of goods, etc. to see the
effect of the decision and on the net profit and find the most optimal way.
2. Bank loan management systems – it is used to verify the credit of the loan applicant and
predict the likelihood of the loan being recovered.

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Key features of Business Intelligence functionality

Different organizations will invest in a Business Intelligence (BI) solution for different reasons
depending on their specific circumstances and industry. It’s like watching scary movies. Some of
us put ourselves through the ordeal because we enjoy the thrill. Others will just participate
because it’s what everyone else is doing. And some go along looking for an excuse to squeeze
that special someone extra tight during those conveniently frequent moments of terror.
Regardless of individual agenda, here are six features you should insist upon in any BI solution,
no matter the circumstances of its application: (Yellowfin BI. 2021)

1. Executive dashboards

Personalized Dashboards deliver relevant, easily understood real-time data to business leaders,
enabling faster and better decision-making whilst lowering response times to internal and
external events. Executives need access to personalized dashboards that deliver easy-
tounderstand KPIs and summary information on a regular, scheduled basis. Additionally,
exception reporting should alert the executive to unexpected events and scenarios that require
action. Personalized data delivery means executives are able to make decisions quickly, without
any guesswork, and without having to wade through irrelevant information.

2. Location Intelligence

Location Intelligence is the ability to map and visualize data in geographical formats. Exploring
and visualizing data sets based on spatial elements enables organizations to understand their
business operations from new perspectives, such as sales per region.

3. “What if” analysis

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“What if” analysis allows businesses to assess the potential effects of critical business decision
before they’re actually made. Using existing data, users can formulate strategies to achieve
business targets and avoid the default “hit and miss” approach. This helps management
undertake accurate strategic planning.

4. Interactive reports

Interactive reports help users convert data into knowledge. They allow users to better
understand the analysis within reports, and the underlying data those reports are based on, to
support better decision-making. User should be able to:

Drill down and through reports

Conduct slice and dice OLAP analysis

Apply analysis such as moving averages and regression to highlight trends in data

Use time-series zooming to scan large data sets to understand anomalies in their data

Use conditional formatting to set data alerts which highlight data exceptions

5. Meta data layer

A metadata layer makes reporting easy and eliminates the need for coding and SQL, allowing
users and report writers to see and access information in simple business language. Users solely
interact with data at the Meta data level without having to comprehend the complexities of the
underlying data or database.

6. Ranking reports

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 This feature allows you to create reports that order specific categories of information, from
across multiple dimensions, by selecting specific criteria. Ranking reports let you view the best
and worst performing aspects of your business. For example, you could create a report that
ranks your 10 best-selling products, regions or sales people.

Task 03

2.1 Explain what business intelligence is and the tools and technologies
associated with it by taking relevant examples to the organization given in
the scenario.

The process and technical infrastructure that gathers stores and analyzes the data generated by the
activities of an organization is called the business intelligence. Business Intelligence is broad
term covering data mining, system analysis, benchmarking of results, and descriptive analytics.
Business Intelligence analyzes all the data generated by an organization and provides easy-to-
digest reports, quality metrics and trends that guide management decisions.
Business Intelligence helps in the fields of consumer identification, customer support, market
research, market segmentation, brand productivity, statistical analysis, and stock and distribution
analysis. For the transformation of raw data into meaningful and actionable information for
Business analysis some tools and techniques are used in business intelligence.

Business Intelligence Tools

BI tools area unit all concerning serving to you higher perceive trends and derive insights from
information so as to create strategic and military science business choices. Here’s a summary of
some common business intelligence tools firms leverage to derive insights.

1. Sisense

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If you’re not tech-savvy, the Sisense metal tool can be a good possibility. it's unbelievably user
friendly and permits everybody at intervals a company to manage, analyse and visualize
advanced datasets while not involving the IT department. This tool helps you to gather
information from varied sources, together with Google Analytics and AdWords. Since this tool
uses in-chip technology, processing is quicker compared to different metal tools.

Example: Yard of Ale uses Sisense to manage their large and complex data set.

2. SAP Business Intelligence

SAP Business Intelligence provides associate degree array of advanced analytics solutions
together with machine learning, metal prophetical analytics, and coming up with and analysis.
This enterprise-level applications for client/server systems offers information visualisation and
analytics applications, news and analysis, mobile analytics and workplace integration. SAP may
be a sturdy resolution meant for all roles (management, finish uses and IT) and offers a large
amount of functionalities in a very single platform.

Example: Yard of Ale uses SAP Business Intelligence tools for predictive analysis and
also planning and evaluation for their company.

3. Dundas BI

Dundas metal may be a browser-based metal tool that enables users to attach to multiple
information sources in time period. It provides nice visualizations in tables, graphs and charts
that would be tailor-made and viewed from mobile devices and desktops. Users will simply build
reports and extract sure performance metrics for functions of research. Dundas offers support to
all or any company varieties and across very different industries.

4. SAS Business Intelligence

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SAS Business Intelligence is the most popular product it is advanced predictive analytics, as well
as providing a great forum for business intelligence. It is a self-service platform that allows
information and measurements to be leveraged to make informed business decisions. For
integration of high-level data and advanced analytics and reporting SAS Business Intelligence is
used.

Example: Yard of Ale uses SAS Business Intelligence tool to perform advanced predictive analytics
for their company

Business Intelligence Techniques

1. Analytics

Analytics may be a business intelligence technique that involves the study of obtainable
information to extract significant insights and trends. this is often a well-liked metal technique
since it lets businesses deeply perceive the information they need and drive final worth with
datadriven choices. for example, a promoting organization will use analytics to determine the
client segments that area unit extremely possible to convert to new customers, and decision
centres leverage speech analytics to watch client sentiment, improve the client expertise, and for
quality assurance functions, simply to call some.

Example: Yard of Ale uses Analytics business intelligence technique to obtain useful insights
and patterns from available data.

2. Predictive Modelling

Predictive modelling may be a metal technique that utilizes applied math techniques to form
models that would be employed in statement possibilities and trends. With prophetical
modelling, it's doable to predict the worth for a selected information item still because the
attributes victimisation multiple applied math models.

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Example: Yard of Ale uses Predictive modeling technique to create models that can be used in
probability and trend forecasting.

3. OLAP

Online analytical process may be a technique for resolution analytical issues with totally different
dimensions. the foremost vital worth in OLAP is its three-d facet that lets users determine issues
from totally different views. OLAP can be accustomed complete tasks like budgeting, CRM
information analysis, and monetary statement.

Example: Yard of Ale uses online analytical processing for solving various dimensional
analytical problems for their company.

4. Data Mining

Data mining may be a technique for locating patterns in immense datasets and sometimes
incorporates information systems, statistics, and machine learning to seek out these patterns. data
{processing} is associate degree integral process for information management still because the
pre-processing {of information|of knowledge|of information} since it ensures acceptable data
structuring. finish users may conjointly use data processing to form models that reveal these
patterns. for example, a business may mine CRM information to predict that leads can possibly
obtain a particular resolution or product.

Example: Yard of Ale uses data mining technique to find patterns from huge datasets
of their company.

5. Model visualisation

The model visualisation technique is employed to remodel the discovered facts into histograms,
plots, charts and different visuals that aid in correct interpretation of the insights.

Example: Yard of Ale uses model visualization technique to turn the discovered facts
of their company into histograms, maps, graphs and other visuals.

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There are eight sectors of the factory that include water purification plant, Mill, Brewhouse,
bottling plant, waste treatment plant, factory maintenance and repair/ fabrication shop. Each
sector consists of two or more sub sectors and each subsector have 4 – 10 of machines.

Water purification plant Mill

Brewhouse Bottling plant

Waste treatment plant Factory maintenance

Repair Fabrication shop

Above mentioned each sector have randomly over 500 machines its self. The system must have
the maintenance process management tom every sector. Every machine is not the same. There
are different purpose machines are use to every sector. So, maintenance is so hard.

Inventory Plan

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Choose an inventory period and be consistent. Pick an inventory period (weekly, bi-weekly, or
monthly) and stick to it. Remember to always take your inventory at the same time. Preferably
when your restaurant or bar is closed, and count your bottles in the same order from left to right.

Stay organized. Use the same spreadsheet template each time you do inventory, and keep both
digital and hard copies of reports.

Train your staff. Teach your employees how to count inventory using your spreadsheet. And
make sure they are familiar with the Rule of 10ths, and can identify shrink (spillage, breakage,
theft via over pouring, or comps). For even more effectiveness, put all this information in your
bar staff training manual.

Create a transfer log. Know exactly where your products are tracking when a bottle is moved
from your cellar or storage room to the bar. You don’t want to have a miscount and end up with
too little or excess inventory.

Use a digital beverage inventory management solution. A bar inventory software like BinWise
Pro makes counting bottles easy.

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 3.2. Design a Managerial dash board for chief engineer using various data
visualizations methodologies that includes 6-8 widgets to present
required information. Apply appropriate customizations that can
utilize to improve the managerial dashboard designed above .
Critically evaluate how your Dashboard design and the suggested
enhancement could optimize chief engineer’s performance by
delivering accurate and reliable information to increase his
effectiveness.

Busines intelligence dashboard

A business intelligence dashboard, or BI dashboard is a data visualization and analysis tool that
displays on one screen the status of key performance indicators (KPIs) and other important
business metrics and data points for an organization, department, team or process. Dashboards
are an integral component of most BI software platforms and are widely used to deliver analytics
information to business executives and workers.
Also sometimes referred to as business dashboards typically contain multiple data visualizations
to give business users a combined view of relevant KPIs and trends for both operational
decisionmaking and strategic planning. They more interactive than static reports, usually
enabling users to access the data that underlies charts and graphics for further analysis. In some
cases, dashboards are designed by the members of a BI team in others, they are created by
business analysts and other users of self-service BI tools.(Search Business Analytics.2021)

BI dashboard features and components

In addition support for interactivity, essential features of modern BI dashboard software include a
customizable interface, dashboard templates to accelerate the design process and the ability to

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pull in both historical and real-time data. Dashboard tools also offer libraries of widgets, icons
and images that can be added to dashboards to automate functions and improve usability and
visual appeal, as well as tabs, pull-down menus and other navigation features.

The primary components of designed dashboards include the following items:

Data visualizations:- Dashboard can be configured with various types of visualizations to show
different performance metrics, statistics and other information. Supported visualizations range
from basic line and bar charts to more elaborate graphics, such as bubble chars, heat maps and
scatter plots.

Data tables:- BI dashboards may also incorporate tables of data that provide an at-a-glance look
at relevant data values. The tabular data often includes color coding or other graphical treatments
to highlight specific information—for example, to flag a decline in sales or financial losses.

Drill-down capabilities:- This feature enables users to get more information or look at and
analyse detailed data by clicking on a data visualizations. Doing so takes them to additional
visualizations or data tables, often arranged in a hierarchical fashion so people can drill down
multiple levels if they want to.

Data filters:- Another interactive feature, filters enable users to customize data and time ranges,
geographic settings and other parameters in data visualizations to get a more focused view of the
information being presented.

Text boxes and tooltips:- Dashboards often include standalone text boxes and pop-up
information tooltips that explain the data being visualized or provide additional information and
context about the analytics results.

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Managerial dash board

We can know the lighter data by the dashboard given above.

Chief Engineer is the tactical manager of engineering department who oversees all repairs and
maintenance of the total eight sectors of the factory that include water purification plant, Mill,
Brewhouse, bottling plant, waste treatment plant, factory maintenance and repair/ fabrication
shop. Each sector consists of two or more sub sectors and each subsector have 4- 10 of
machines. It is best to make the appropriate solutions as soon as possible to be able to comply

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with the machine issues and other issues that take place here. Better and easier to understand
through this dashboard.

Task 04

4.1 Discuss how organizational decision-making process can be

improved by implementing business intelligence tools. Conduct a
research to identify the organizations that have utilized new
business intelligent innovations and trends to improve their
performance and to extend BI systems to target audience, provide
better competitive advantage within the market.

Business Intelligence

With the help of business intelligence the process of Yard of Ale is a large-scale brewery in Sri
Lanka can be optimized. This helps to generate savings and also to improve quality as well as
productivity. The data should be accessed that they generate in order to do this. Business
Intelligence is a strategy that evaluates and turns raw data into actionable and coherent
information that can be used in business analysis to help in decision making. We can derive
insights from a pool of available data with business intelligence to deliver accurate, actionable,
and almost realtime inputs for decision making. Business intelligence greatly enhances the
quality of business with statistics showing a tenfold increase in return on investment.
Organizations using business intelligence see a near- five-time increase in evaluation of customer
experience and speed of decision-making. If organizations don’t know what they need to
improve, the first step is to properly analyze information related to your manufacturing activities
and cross-reference this data with other analyzes such as: the market and the cost of each process
or even the impact it has on the final price of the product. Business Intelligence can do all of this.

How does business Intelligence help a company

Business intelligence in a company can help in various aspects.

A. Smart decision making process: The only aim of business intelligence is to organize and
evaluate the organizational data. Business intelligence allows companies to make strategic
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 decisions. Having a system in place that keeps your organization at a centralized and up to
date location leads to better business decisions and better financial performance.

B. Improving Customer Service: Business intelligence will produce the repeat customer data
and compile it. Company can easily create strategies to attract their current customer base to
make more purchases on the basis of the data collected. Business intelligence allows business
owners provide a data-driven experience for consumers to keep their corporate boat floating
against their competition.

C. Better Productivity: Businesses can provide better customer service with a successful
Implementation of business intelligence using the selling time of sales people more
productively. With automated reporting and intuitive dashboards the efficiency of the
business element improves at the senior level. It enables them to monitor every single piece
of contact information and manage a few clicks.

D. Planning a better future for the business: Better business intelligence software and equally
qualified professionals to handle these tools enable businesses to increase their ability to
anticipate market trends and consumer buying features. When companies understand the
trend of purchasing customers they may create a plan based on the analysis of the history of
buying and the predictions generated by the business intelligence tool.

Things that should be considered choosing Business Intelligence

1. Cost Efficient: It is important that what the organization can afford when looking for this
business intelligence tool. This does not mean hiring software that is cheaper and has fewer
features. It is important to balance the features offered with the tool's cost.

2. Usability: The user can not have trouble using the tool the program must be usable so
that the functions do not waste time. Of course, the assistance of experts on the process
will still be required even in a simple system.

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 3. Agility: This type of tool needs to be agile when it comes to processing data from your
company, helping to define strategies. Without this capacity putting the strategies into
practice will be very difficult.

4. Customization: During choosing business intelligence system the company should be

careful about that the system is customizable according to their needs. Many solutions
don’t fit at all and the company probably has to be very careful about those. The Business
Intelligence system should be sufficiently versatile to meet companies needs now and add
more features as your needs change.

Conduct a research to identify the organizations that have utilized new business
intelligent innovations and trends to improve their performance and to extend BI systems
to target audience, provide better competitive advantage within the market

Conduct a research to identify the organizations.

Chipotle created a unified view of restaurant operations

Company: Chipotle
Problem: Disparate data sources hindered teams from seeing a unified view of restaurants.
Solution: Chipotle Mexican Grill is an American restaurant chain with more than 2,400 locations
worldwide. Chipotle retired their traditional BI solution for a modern, self-service BI platform.
This allowed them to create a centralized view of operations so they can track restaurant
operational effectiveness at a national scale.
Now that staff have more access to data, the speed of report delivery for strategic projects has
tripled from quarterly to monthly and saved thousands of hours. “This was the ticket to take all
metrics and understanding to that next level,” explained Zach Sippl, Director of Business
Intelligence.

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Des Moines Public Schools identifies and helps at-risk students

Organization: Des Moines Public Schools

Problem: Manual Excel reporting meant administrators couldn’t see up-to-date data like
attendance, preventing timely intervention.
Solution: Des Moines Public Schools (DMPS) used advanced analytics to improve dropout
intervention rates and better understand the impact of various teaching methods on individual
student outcomes.
The DMPS Research and Data Management team used a multiple linear regression model—
nicknamed the dropout coefficient—to weigh student indicators to predict which students might
be at risk of dropping out of school. They used a business intelligence platform to leverage the
model. Data visualization made it easy for staff to identify individual, at-risk students and get
those students the attention they need.

Dashboards set up by the Research and Data Management Team delivered real-time analytics to
7,000 DMPS teachers and staff so they could adapt and intervene sooner, dramatically improving
the intervention success rates. The real-time analytics were supported by five years of historical
data. This meant that staff could dig into historical data on the spot to validate insights on current
students.

Coca-Cola Bottling Company maximized operational efficiency

Company: Coca-Cola Bottling Company (CCBC), Coca Cola’s largest independent bottling
partner
Problem: Manual reporting processes restricted access to real-time sales and operations data.
Solution: Coca Cola’s business intelligence team handles reporting for all sales and delivery
operations at the company. With their BI platform, the team automated manual reporting
processes, saving over 260 hours a year—more than six 40-hour workweeks.

Report automation and other enterprise system integrations put customer relationship
management (CRM) data back into the hands of sales teams in the field through mobile
dashboards that provide timely, actionable information and a distinct competitive advantage.
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Business intelligent innovations and trends
SaaS BI

One of the business intelligence technologies that has seen a great shift in the last year, and will
continue to shape how we perform business tasks is, of course, SaaS. The future of business
analytics lays in the possibility to perform own analysis, with tools that are accessible no matter
the location, and can adjust to current and future working conditions.

The pandemic has shown that remote working is becoming a norm, especially for companies that
don't rely on daily human contact to perform their regular tasks. Many businesses have turned to
SaaS BI in order to gain more flexibility and access the data on the cloud, from any device. Such
technologies that enable data movement and access from multiple places will continue to rise as
one of the most important business intelligence trends in 2021. We will certainly keep an eye on
it since the shift from traditional settings to remote business opportunities enable people to access
their analytics with the help of SaaS, and pushed the market, again, in the centre stage of
business management and development.

SaaS is becoming a best friend to remote and disparate teams that need solutions that will help
them to optimize their business processes and ensure there are no bottlenecks by working
remotely. In fact, if we take a closer look at the Forbes' Cloud 100 list, we can see that capital is
flowing into shares of SaaS, databases, automation tools, and finch companies.

We can say that this is not a surprise in the current environment. A well-developed business
intelligence technology can help companies in many ways, and ensure sustainable growth, which
we certainly need in these uncertain times.

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 Mobile BI
Mobile business intelligence is becoming more incorporated into BI solutions and next year the
trend will certainly not lose its importance. In fact, it is one of the most prominent emerging
trends in business intelligence identified by almost 3000 professionals in the industry by the
research we mentioned in our 3rd point of this article.

A few years ago, mobile BI was considered a huge swirl in the BI and analytics community. The
market penetration is still growing, although slowly, but next year we will see even more vendors
and BI solutions that will have this option within their software such as modern mobile
dashboards. But not just vendors, companies will also implement mobile solutions and actively
use them since it will provide them with numerous benefits: accessing your information at any
time, and any place – while riding on a train or relaxing on a beach. Physical presence at an
office site is less necessary each year and this is certainly affecting the BI industry as well.
Mobile BI enables companies to have access to their data also in real-time, ensuring faster
reactions to any business occurrences and giving more freedom to users that are currently not in
the office but need to access critical business information on-the-go.

This is one of the business intelligence market trends that is not going to vanish anytime soon.
Since it has been evaluated at USD 6.18 BN in 2018, it is also predicted to grow with a CAGR
rate of 22.43% by reaching 2024. While there are challenges that are affecting companies’
decisions to implement mobile BI such as limited screen size and design of the interface to
ensure the best possible usability, mobile is undoubtedly going to stay as one of the trends that
will be considered by companies in 2021.

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Embedded Analytics
When data analytics occurs within a user’s natural workflow, embedded analytics is the name of
the game. Businesses have recognized the potential of embedding various BI solutions such as
KPI dashboards or reports into their own application and thus improving their decision-making
processes and increasing productivity. Formerly strangled by spreadsheets, companies have
realized how utilizing embedded BI enables them to provide higher value within their own
applications. In fact, according to Allied Market research, the embedded analytics market is
projected to reach $60.28 BN by 2023, with a CAGR of 13.6% from 2017, and this is one of the
business analytics topics we will hear even more in 2021.

Whether you need to create a sales report or send multiple dashboards to clients, embedded
analytics is becoming a standard in business operations, and in 2021, we will see even more
companies adopting it. Departments and company owners are looking for professional solutions
to present their data without the need to build their own software. By simply white labeling the
chosen application, organizations can achieve a polished presentation and reporting which they
can offer to consumers. This is one of the trends in analytics that can be implemented
immediately since many vendors already offer this opportunity and ensure that the application
works seamlessly and without much complexity.

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Real-time Data & Analytics

The need for real-time data has tremendously evolved this year and will continue to do so in
2021. We have seen since the pandemic arrived, that the needs for real-time and accurate updates
are critical in developing proper strategies to respond in such unfortunate situations. Some
countries have used data to make the best possible decisions, and companies followed to ensure
survival in these uncertain times. Real-time access to data has become a norm in everyday life,
not just for businesses, but the general public as well, where we could see press conferences
filled with the most recent information, graphs, and statistics that have defined some of the
strategies against the pandemic. But not only; creating ad hoc analysis has enabled businesses to
stay on top of changes and adapt to immense challenges that this year has brought.

In business is similar: forecasting and alarms will inevitably become used much more in
developing proper business responses and strategies for future endeavors with more variables
brought into the equation. Moreover, implementing live dashboards will help companies to
immediately access relevant information regarding their business and react if any potential issues
arise. Up-to-date data is becoming more important than ever before, and since the world has
changed, companies need to adapt as well. High gear for data access is becoming the norm and is
one of the reasons why some companies can survive, and others not.

Analytics industry trends will certainly have real-time data as one of the main drivers in 2021
and we will, without a doubt, see more of it in action.
(datapine.com. 2021)

BI systems to target audience, provide better competitive advantage within the market

Business Intelligence and Marketing

Business Intelligence tools help marketers in their marketing efforts. When businessintelligence t
ools are unified and used by marketing specialists, marketing campaigns are moreeffective (Sulli
van, 2001). Business intelligence includes many information analyses tools that provide importa
nt information about customer characteristics and allow the company tounderstand their wishes a
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nd attitudes. With this information, companies can design bettercampaigns, target the right audie
nce more accurately and better understand the initiatives thatgenerate the best results (Sullivan,
2001)

Expanding Target Audience through Business Intelligence

Developing a business is a great challenge. It requires dedication, foresight and insight. If you
build this business from scratch, the bets are even greater. However, success is at the crossroads
of business acumen and hard work. Successful business owners know the needs of their ideal
clients. They know where they are. And they know how to convey the message. This includes the
collection and proper use of data that drive, inform and encourage new actions. That's where
business analytics comes into the discovery of self-service data with data governance and a touch
of planning and forecasting. Here are five ways in which business analysis can help you grow
your business in a data-based way (Sullivan, 2001)

Expansion planning

Suppose you're ready to grow your business and open a branch, store, restaurant, or office in ane
w location. And he has a ton of information about his growing customer base, themaintenance of
his equipment and other assets, the compensation of his employees and hisdelivery or distributio
n programs. Did you know that you can use everything to develop adetailed expansion plan base
d on your knowledge? (Sullivan, 2001)
With business analytics, you can find information about visualizations and panels, and thenstudy
them in more detail using Business Intelligence and reports. In addition, you can interactwith the
results and use the information to create your expansion plan (Sullivan, 2001)

Finding your audience

You should review the current data of your customers to prepare. But you should also find outw
hat people say about your company or brand and in what parts of the country or region.Business
Analytics offers a social network analysis that can be combined with internalcustomer data. Then

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take it and create a profile of your current and potential customers. As aresult, you can find your
ideal demographic (Prescott and Miller, 2001).
Comparing this demographic objective with publicly available census data allows you to seeeven
more. You can identify where people are most likely to benefit from your products orservices. F
rom there, you can delve into the data, researching your competitors, for example.As a result, it c
an limit the area that offers the greatest expansion and potential for the customer (Prescott and
Miller, 2001)

Creating your business plan

All these real-time interactions with your data provide you with a detailed map of what
ishappening right now, but y ou also need to know how you are doing it. Through
businessanalysis, you can use business perf ormance solutions to research and forecast sales,
revenueand growth trends. You can then use wh at you have discovered and develop a detailed
business plan for the next phase of your burgeonin g franchise. You go from being a data
scientist to a business planner. And soon, it has pointed to the correct location for its expansion
(Prescott and Miller, 2001).

Developing your marketing campaign

With what you’ve learned about your audience and local competitors with business analytics, you
can send the right message to the audience most eager to try your restaurant as part of a perf ect
marketing campaign (Prescott and Miller, 2001).
Moreover, you can narrow down branding details, messaging tone and consumer preferences,
like the right offers that will differentiate you from the other businesses in the area. You gainthe
competitive edge by making sure you offer something new to your customers and prospects.Busi
ness analytics enables you to use your data to make insight driven, targeted marketing and
business development decisions so you can make decisions that c an grow your business
withconfidence (Prescott and Miller, 2001)

Use predictive insights to take action

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All these real time interactions with your data provide you with a detailed map of what
ishappening right now, but you also need to know how you are doing it. With business analysis,
you can use business performance solutions to research and forecast sales, revenue and growthtre
nds. You can then use what you have discovered and develop a detailed business plan forthe next
phase of your growing franchise. You go from being a data scientist to a business planner. And s
oon, it has indicated the correct location for its expansion (Prescott and Miller, 2001).

Application of Business Intelligence in Marketing

Predictive Analytics

Predictive analysis reveals data that reveals future trends. The forecasts generated by theseanalyz
es offer the best suggestions for future actions. The information provided by the predictive analy
sis supports the sales team's approach and helps increase their revenues (BetterBuys, 2019). Pred
ictive analysis not only determines the best message for customer’s byanalyzing their past behavi
or, but also tells the company which products are the best for themarket and customers. When ma
rketing specialists better understand customer behavior, theycan be proactive about the future ne
eds of their customers. Predictive analysis also helpsmarketers improve their customer engageme
nt efforts and use more valuable messages to reachtheir target audience (Better Buys, 2019).

Technology Integration

When customers use business intelligence tools for marketing, they create a fully integratedmark
eting approach. Customers use all available channels and resources to research and discussa prod
uct or service and make the decision to buy or not. As a result, marketers must integratedata from
all available platforms to design the best interactions. The integration of marketingtechnology is
the best way to convey a unified message throughout the customer's experiencewith your busines
s (Better Buys, 2019). Unifying the message throughout a customer's journeyis important to prov
ide a seamless customer experience. This can be achieved by integrating
Real time data to customize customer responses. When marketing technologies are integrated,
companies provide their customers with consistent messages across all platforms, ensuring thatth
e brand remains in the client's mind (Better Buys, 2019).
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Social Analytics

These tools collect information from conversations and user actions on all online platforms.Socia
l analytics provides marketing departments with information about customer behaviorand thinkin
g processes. These scans examine page navigation statistics and social networks.Web analysis pr
ovides marketers with information about what's on your site, what links andads bring customers t
o your site, and is more successful. This data helps marketers make betterdecisions about their bu
siness.content and messages on your site. The analysis of socialnetworks gives marketing special
ists a unique vision of the hearts and minds of their customers.This information allows companie
s to obtain more information about their target audience andimprove their ability to interact with
their customers. The analysis of social networks providesactionable information, such as campai
gn tracking. Campaign tracking evaluates the performance of a campaign and determines the fact
ors that affect its performance. Socialanalysis promotes an intimate understanding of customer o
pinions, which is important toimprove engagement, campaign strategies and performance monito
ring.

Customer Data

When all customer data is collected, they can be used to make more informed marketingdecision
s. When companies have more accurate data, they can interact better with theircustomers. Theref
ore, unified customer data is important. When customer data is not unified, marketing specialists
communicate inaccurate and obsolete messages to their customers anddo n ot take advantage of
all the data they have. Business Intelligence tools collect data frommultiple domains and
organize them in a unified format. This data provides information aboutcustomers a nd where
they come from, allowing marketing specialists to know where eachcustomer comes fr om.
These tools are the most effective business intelligence for marketingand sales. The role of b
usiness intelligence in marketing allows companies to make better andmore informed marketing
decisions (SplashBI, 2019).
In conclusion, it cannot impress everyone with a single message, so it is useless to try to markett
he masses. For a marketing campaign to really have an impact, it must respond directly to theuni
que wishes and needs of a specific group of customers. As you have seen, there are ways toeffect
ively determine your target market so that you can adapt your marketing strategy to thosecustom
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ers. And once it has established itself as a reliable brand in a target market, tryexpanding your tar
get market using the techniques we have mentioned here. These are the BIapplication for marketi
ng purposes (SplashBI, 2019)

Conclusion

In an organization, managers have a key role in the success of operations. The manager’s haveto
take decisions that directly affect the organization. A bad decision by a poorly informedsource w
ill lead to disastrous outcomes. The decisions are taken at individual level right to theorganizatio
nal level. The implementation of BI will improve the decisions taken by themangers. The BI syst
ems will in fact empower all the employees with enough information andmake them capable of d
ecision making.In an organization a lot of data is present. Data can be related to customers, suppl
iers, invoices, purchase orders, pay slips, employee information, sales data, financial data, trainin
g data, product data, client data, etc. It becomes cumbersome to manage such huge amounts of
Ever increasing data. BI systems can make the management of these huge amounts of data easy
byusin g technologies like OLAP and Data Warehousing. From this paper, we can conclude
thatthe impl ementation of Business Intelligence will result in three mains;

A. Lower Costs
B. Increased Revenue
C. Satisfied Customers

In conclusion, business intelligence and business analysis are the essential elements that acompa
ny needs to effectively manage its information. Both terminologies seem to havesimilarities that
allow students to infer that they are connected. In fact, it should be recognizedthat analysis is a fu
nction of business intelligence. The information analyzed by the analysis to predict the future is t
he same as that obtained from the business intelligence component. BIand BA are committed to e
nsuring that the business progresses rapidly. It has been discoveredthat most industries that run B
I platforms have more sophisticated tools capable of performingdifferent types of analysis, inclu
ding descriptive analysis, visual model discoveries, predictionmodels and more. Data mining. Th
e two components of the company also showed manyadvantages for what seemed to contribute t
o competitiveness. Based on the articulationsdiscussed in this document, it is therefore important

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that organizations support high levels ofanalysisbased systems that can revolutionize the
organization's ability to rediscover and usethe informati on it already has. . This is attributed to
the fact that today, it is intrinsicallyimportant not only to a nalyze the activity, but also to
examine the actions in response to ananalysis and consider them a s process change parameters.
Of the company

4.2. Sharing data within the organization through a BI tool can raise legal,
ethical and professional concerns. Explore the legal issues that may result
when using business intelligence tools (Eg: Data protection laws, Cyber
security, etc.) and evaluate how the chosen organization and extend the
target audience / gain a competitive advantage by securely exploiting
Business Intelligence tools.

Owning a business comes with a lot of benefits but it also has a fair share of problems and issues.
This may be because legal issues have the ability to easily destroy a company and can also
influence the business owner in their personal capacity depending on the nature of the issue.
Clearly laws are put in place for society's benefit and proper functioning and this is also the case

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for laws governing business activities. Comply with these laws and a company can go
uninhibited about its operations. There are some legal issues which every business should be
aware of. Laws for employment: Even the person who starts as a one-person business will
eventually end up hiring additional people as the business grows. Once this occurs, the
organization has the extra responsibility to ensure that everything pertaining to its relationship
with its workers is done above the board and in compliance with any and all legal principles. The
company has one or a hundred workers any labor laws that the business breach could possibly
end up in trouble with the company. As a matter of fact the more workers the company has the
more serious the fines may be if the company breaks a labor law.
Ethical Laws: Ethics laws are arguably some of the easiest rules that a company can unwittingly
run without knowing that they are doing so. If a business owner does not find a business- related
issue to be unethical, he or she may continue to operate in this matter when the law is clearly
thinking and saying otherwise. And if found any person who commits any illegal activity that is
prohibited by law is likely to be punished.
Laws for customer protection: Customer relationships are often one of the most critical factors
that affect a business success. Nevertheless these partnerships can often be complicated and
fragile.
These laws are often designed to protect customers against some company’s unequal, and even
abusive, activities. Some of today's customer protection laws cover a wide range of issues,
including privacy, product liability, misrepresentation, and unfair business practices.
Risk in business intelligence

The basic security is that it will cause you enough harm if you leave any information unattended.
You need to have a system in place to keep them secure when you churn out enough data and
produce them on a large scale. Business intelligence and data analysis are no longer linked to the
1s and 0s but to sensitive data that have always been vulnerable to cybercrime attacks. If the
hackers have stolen analyzed data when they have the key to the entire process where they can
hijack the entire system. High-profile data breaches by organizations such as Sony, Anthem
Insurance, the voting database, and Home Depot show hackers can cause all sorts of havoc for
even the biggest business.

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Data Security Issues Involved in the Organization

Information systems are frequently exposed to various types of threats that can lead to differentty
pes of damage that can lead to significant financial losses. The damage to informationsecurity ca
n vary from small losses to the total destruction of the information system. Theeffects of differen
t threats vary considerably: some affect the confidentiality or integrity of thedata, others affect th
e availability of a system
(Sowells, 2019). Today, organizations arestruggling to understand threats to their information ass
ets and find ways to combat them, which remains a problem. In this section, the author analyzes
the legal and security aspects thatm ay be involved in the company's facilities in Yard of Ale. In
addition, all these security concerns are parallel to the company's business intelligence.

Technology with Weak Security

New technology is being released every day. More timesthan not, new gadgets have some formof
Internet access but no plan for security. This presentsa very serious risk- each unsecured connect
ion means vulnerability (Sowells , 2019).

Social Media Attacks

Cybercriminals are leveraging social media as a medium to distributea complex geographical atta
ck called "water holing". The attackers identify and infect a clusterof websites they believe mem
bers of the targeted organization will visit (Information Security Buzz, 2019).

Mobile Malware
Security experts have recognized the security risks of mobile devices in theearly stages of theirin
ternet connectivity. The minimal unfair play of mobile phones amongthe long list of recent attac
ks has worried users much less than they should. Given the relentlessdependence on our culture o
f mobile phones and the few target cybercriminals, this creates acatastrophic threat (Information
Security Buzz, 2019).

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Third-party Entry
Cybercriminals prefer the path of least resistance. Target is the posterchild of a major netwok att
ack through third-party entry points (Information Security Buzz, 2019).

Neglecting Proper Configuration

Big data tools come with the ability to be customized tofit an organization's needs. Companies c
ontinue to neglect the importance of properlyconfiguring security settings (Information Security
Buzz, 2019).

Outdated Security Software

Security software update is a basic technology management practice and a mandatory step to prot
ect large data. The software is developed to defend againstknown threats. This means that no ne
w malicious code that reaches an outdated version of thesecurity software will be detected (Sowe
lls, 2019).

Social Engineering
Cybercriminals know intrusion techniques have a shelf life they haveturned to reliable
nontechnical methods fake social engineering, which rely on socialinteraction and psychological
ma nipulation to gain access to confidential data. This form ofintrusion is unpredictable and
effective (Sowells, 2019).

Lack of Encryption
Protecting sensitive business data in transit and at rest is a measure fewindustries have yet to emb
race, despite its effectiveness (Sowells, 2019).

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Corporate Data on Personal Devices
Whether an organization distributes corporate phonesor not, confidential data is still being access
ed on personal devices. Mobile management toolsexist to limit functionality but securing the loo
pholes has not made it to the priority list for many organizations (Sowells, 2019).

Inadequate Security Technology

Investing in software that monitors the security of anetwork has become a growing trend in the c
orporate world after the painful data breaches of2014. The software is designed to send alerts wh
en intrusion attempts occur. However, alertsare only useful if someone is available to process the
m. Companies rely too much ontechnology to protect themselves completely from attacks when i
t is supposed to be a managed tool (Sowells, 2019).
Unfortunately, most security teams still have a long way to go before they can contribute product
ively to business BI. The good news is that security contains a lot of information: amultitude of fi
rewall logs, IDS events and policy exceptions. The bad news is that none of theseelements is org
anized or presented in such a way that it lends itself to strategic intelligence.Worse, in the past, m
ost security decisions were based on intuition: they were rough estimatesof what it would cost to
protect the organization from a future risk based on a past incident.To achieve security, BI begin
s with the procedures it has heard thousands of times: assign valueto information assets; obtain ti
mely information on relevant vulnerabilities; Evaluate threats based on the target environment an
d exploit the potential of the code. And react appropriatelyin case of an attack (Information Secur
ity Buzz, 2019).
One way to create a security BI is to create a "criticality panel", giving priority to the risks youne
ed to manage. The dashboard is where all your risk management work is located. Each riskis asse
ssed according to the severity of the threat and the relevance of the vulnerability in termsof asset
value, existing security defenses and applicable norms or regulations. You can createthis type of
dashboard through a relational database or buy automation software from anunlimited number of
security solution providers (some providers call it a "dashboard").However, a lot of fat is needed
in the elbow to produce the desired results (Information Security Buzz, 2019).
Before moving on to the legal questions and privacy concerns of the author's intelligence tool,the
reader must understand some key laws and policies to get a better idea of what happensnext. The

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refore, let's review the most important laws and regulations that a company mustfollow to preven
t a company from shrinking.

Laws Involved in Information Security

General Computer Crime Laws

The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 (CFA Act)- is the cornerstone of many computer
related federal laws and enforcement efforts. It was amended in October 1996 by the National Inf
ormation Infrastructure Protection Act of 1996, which modified several sections ofthe previous a
ct and increased the penalties for selected crimes. The punishment for offenses prosecuted under
this statute varies from fines to imprisonment up to 20 years, or both. Theseverity of the penalty
depends on the value of the information obtained and whether theoffense is judged to have been
committed: (Chen and C. Storey, 2019)

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 A. For purposes of commercial advantage
B. For private financial gain
C. In furtherance of a criminal act

Computer Security Act of 1987-

It was one of the first attempts to protect federal computersystems by establishing minimum acce
ptable security practices (Chen and C. Storey, 2019).

Privacy Laws

Many organizations are collecting, swapping, and selling personal information as a commodity,
and many people are looking to governments for protection of their privacy

Privacy of Customer information

Federal Privacy Act of 1974- regulates government agencies and holds them accountable ifthey
release private information about individuals or businesses without permission.

Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986- is a collection of statutes that regulatesthe in

terception of wire, electronic, and oral communications (Chen and C. Storey, 2019).

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Of 1996 (HIPAA)- also known asthe K
ennedy- Kassebaum Act, protects the confidentiality and security of health care data byestablishi
ng and enforcing standards and by standardizing electronic data interchange. HIPAAaffects all h
ealth care organizations, including doctors' practices, health clinics, life insurers,and universities,
as well as some organizations that have self-insured employee
64HIPAA specifies stiff penalties for organizations that fail to comply with the law, with finesup
to $250,000 and/or 10 years' imprisonment for knowingly misusing client information. Italso req
uires a comprehensive assessment of information security systems, policies, and procedures wher
e health care information is handled or maintained (Chen and C. Storey, 2019).

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 Electronic signatures have become more common, and HIPAA provides guidelines for the useof
these signatures based on security standards that ensure message integrity, userauthentication, an
d nonrepudiation (Chen and C. Storey, 2019).

Financial Services Modernization Act or Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999

- contains anumber of provisions focusing on facilitating affiliation among banks, securities firms, an
dinsurance companies. Specifically, this act requires all financial institutions to disclose their privacy
policies on the sharing of nonpublic personal information (Tallan, 2019).

Copyright Law

Intellectual property is a protected asset in the United States. The copyright laws of the UnitedSt
ates extend this privilege to published words, including electronic formats. Fair use allowsthe use
of copyrighted material for news coverage, teaching, scholarships and a series of similaractivitie
s, provided that its use is for educational or educational purposes. Library, nonprofit orexcessive
(Chen and C. Storey, 2019). As long as the original author of these works is dulyrecognized, incl
uding an exact description of the location of the sources (citation), and the workis not presented a
s their own, it is quite permissible to include parts of another person's work.as a reference (Tallan
, 2019).
These are the most common and important laws for the security of data and information in a busi
ness. There is no exception for the Yard of Ale is a large-scale brewery
as well. Regardless of the size of the business, these laws are always related to an organization. T
aking into account the laws and policies mentioned above, let's now turn to the legal / regulatory
problems of the author's own business intelligence tool for the company (Chen and C. Storey, 20
19)

Legal Issues Identify in The Designed System

Several legal problems must be resolved to implement and administer an effective BI / BA progr
am in the internal and external supply chains of the organization. According to the BI tool
designed for the Yard of
Ale organization by the author, there are some political problems andconcerns. When creating a

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BI tool for the organization, business strategies should be designed
(or at least audited and reviewed periodically) to capture the innovation opportunities that arisefr
om compliance analysis. Contractual data and other operational and performance data. In thissect
ion, we will look more closely at these legal problems (Tallan, 2019).

SLA Design and Management

Service level agreements (SLA’s) should be designed for achieving multiple goals:
A. Quality services for reliability, predictability, scalability and cost management; B.
Metrics tied to the returns on investment (and equity) for operations that are considered
“core” or “prime value drivers” for the internal organization.
Thus, paradoxically, outsourcing can be used to shed light on insourced functions to improveROI
, ROE and overall shareholder value (Tallan, 2019).

Data Rights Management for BI Processing

Most BI software applications process data from different sources and different data types.The e
nterprise needs to ensure that it has legal rights to access and use all data that it wishes to analyze
(Sowells, 2019).

1) The enterprise should specify, in its thirdparty supply chain and service contracts, that
performance data obtained from evaluating the services of the service provider belongto
the customer and may be used for any intern al purposes.

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 2) Service providers, of course, may wish to prevent the publication of performanceoutcome
s through the use of appropriate confidentiality agreements.
3) The outsourcing contract should address how to handle performance metrics and theirdisc
losure in any dispute resolution process.
4) Since most enterprises are also service providers and may be subject to similar vendor
Management, they need to ensure that they can use the “big data” from vendor
Management tools for their own internal process improvement and innovationstrategies. I
n short, every customer is also a vendor, and everyone needs to have access to use
“supply chain data” across internal and external supply chains.

Software Rights Management

Service providers and corporate clients should ensure that they have the right to use licensedBI /
BA tools. This requires an audit of the software licenses for both parties whenever vendorgovern
ance tools and BI / BA tools are used (Sowells, 2019).
Patents for business methods, trade secrets and "property rights": property and license.Informatio
n derived from the decision analysis of subcontracted (and subcontracted) operationscan create n
ew management methods. Such methods may include patentable methods.Companies that invest
in SLA management, analysis of performance indicators and BI must protect their information pr
operty rights and new business models developed using data processing fees from internal source
s and external service providers. The organization musttake all appropriate measures to ensure th
at it will have trade secrets (and all patents for related business methods). These agreements must

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be reflected in non-disclosure agreements, confidentiality clauses in subcontracting contracts,
subcontracting (at all levels of the supplychai
n), employment documentation (job offer letters, manuals, stock option plans and procedures of c
ompletion) (Tallan, 2019).
The waters are a bit dark in terms of ownership of the improvements developed by the service pr
ovider. Most outsourcing contracts stipulate that the service provider provides a better servicewit
hout being specifically compensated for "continuous process improvements." These clausesare tr
eated as standard "gadgets" at no cost or inconvenience to the customer, and manysuppliers ignor
e them or change them for a contract. Price concession over time (Tallan, 2019).Instead of swim
ming in troubled waters, service providers and corporate clients can benefitfrom a frank discussi
on about whether to identify who owns these improvements and if thereis a license fee for them.
At this point, the customer thinks that all improvements should providean advantage, but such thi
nking converts any incentive for the supplier to offer real valuewithout additional compensation.
As a result, most service providers sell "consulting services"for "business process transformation
" or "organizational review" and try to keep "innovation"out of the outsourcing contract. At a mi
nimum, through independent decision analysis("continuous process improvement"), the service p
rovider can conduct its own businessintelligence analysis and have its own trade secret rights (an
d any related business method patent) (Sowells , 2019)

Confidentiality

Outsourcing contracts should include BI-type data and insights in the definition of
“confidential information.” Of course, whose “confidential information” its is should bedefined
as well. Trade Secrets: Protection and Survival. The insights and process changesderived from
BI / BA analysis should be protected as trade secrets. Nondisclosure agreements
should segregate “confidential information” from “trade secrets” so that “trade secrets” can
survive the expiration of the non-disclosure period (Sowells, 2019)

Competitive Advantage and Innovation

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Sometimes BI will yield some crucial insights that the organization does not want to reveal toits
service providers (or business management consultants), who might recycle such processes to
benefit the organization’s competitors. The BI governance model should help managers identify
the competitive impact of sharing improved processes with outsourcing service provider s. If
there is a significant innovative competitive advantage, then the process becomes
“core” and thereby ineligible for further outsourcing until it is “best practice” widely known
among competitors. This example underscores the tension between outsourcing for operational
excellence and outsourcing as a tool for “innovation.” Recently, savvy service providers have
begun developing and deploying their own proprietary business models for generic industry
operations, thereby reducing this tension and making it easier to sell “best of breed” BPO
(Tallan, 2019).Value Creation Process: Training. Generally, outsourcing customers and their serv
ice providersdo not compete for the same pools of talent. In the field of business analytics, this
generalization does not apply. Service providers hire talent from the customer’s industry (and
potentially from customers) to acquire process expertise, regulatory and
riskmanagementexpertise and build service delivery models. The outsourcing contract should
addres s mattersof permitted and prohibited employment practices relating not only to
operational perso nnel, but also to GRC and BI initiatives (Tallan, 2019).

In conclusion, confidentiality is lacking very much in the designed BI tool and outsourcing
engagements have spawned “big data” that can be analyzed for improvements to core

processes. The legal framework for BI should be carefully planned and implemented to ensuretha
t the enterprise retains flexibility, legal rights and avoids potential infringement in pursuingits mi
ssion and innovating its core processes

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Available at: <https://www.guru99.com/mis-types-information-system.html> [Accessed 19 June
2021].

Quickbase. 2021. Application Software 101 | Quickbase. [online] Available at:

<https://www.quickbase.com/articles/application-software-basics> [Accessed
19 June 2021].

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