Exercise – 4.

3
Page No: 4.21
1. Find the cube roots of the following numbers by successive
subtraction of numbers:
1, 7, 19, 37, 61, 91, 127, 169, 217, 271, 331, 397, …
(i) 64
(ii) 512
(iii) 1728

T IO S
Solution:

I
(i) 64
NO A D
CO N
A
Let’s perform subtraction

PY
64 – 1 = 63
DO U A
T
63 – 7 = 56
ED PR

56 – 19 =37
C

37 – 37 = 0
©

Subtraction is performed 4 times.

∴ Cube root of 64 is 4.

(ii) 512
Let’s perform subtraction
512 – 1 = 511
511 – 7 = 504
504 – 19 = 485
485 – 37 = 448
448 – 61 = 387
387 – 91 = 296
296 – 127 = 169
169 – 169 = 0
Subtraction is performed 8 times.
∴ Cube root of 512 is 8.

(iii) 1728

T IO S I
Let’s perform subtraction
NO A D
CO N
1728 – 1 = 1727
A
1727 – 7 = 1720

PY
DO U A
1720 – 19 = 1701
T
ED PR

1701 – 37 = 1664
1664 – 91 = 1512
C

1512 – 127 = 1385

©

1385 – 169 = 1216

1216 – 217 = 999
999 – 271 = 728
728 – 331 = 397
397 – 397 = 0
Subtraction is performed 12 times.
∴ Cube root of 1728 is 12.
2. Using the method of successive subtraction examine whether or
not the following numbers are perfect cubes:
(i) 130
(ii) 345
(iii) 792
(iv) 1331
Solution:
(i) 130

T IO S
Let’s perform subtraction

I
NO A D
130 – 1 = 129

CO N
A
129 – 7 = 122

PY
122 – 19 = 103
DO U A
T
103 – 37 = 66
ED PR

66 – 61 = 5
C

Next number to be subtracted is 91, which is greater than 5

©

∴130 is not a perfect cube.

(ii) 345
Let’s perform subtraction
345 – 1 = 344
344 – 7 = 337
337 – 19 = 318
318 – 37 = 281
281 – 61 = 220
220 – 91 = 129
129 – 127 = 2
Next number to be subtracted is 169, which is greater than 2
∴ 345 is not a perfect cube

(iii) 792
Let’s perform subtraction
792 – 1 = 791

T IO S I
791 – 7 = 784
NO A D
CO N
784 – 19 = 765
A
765 – 37 = 728

PY
DO U A
728 – 61 = 667
T
ED PR

667 – 91 = 576
576 – 127 = 449
C

449 – 169 = 280

©

280 – 217 = 63
Next number to be subtracted is 271, which is greater than 63
∴ 792 is not a perfect cube

(iv) 1331
Let’s perform subtraction
1331 – 1 = 1330
1330 – 7 = 1323
1323 – 19 = 1304
1304 – 37 = 1267
1267 – 61 = 1206
1206 – 91 = 1115
1115 – 127 = 988
988 – 169 = 819
819 – 217 = 602
602 – 271 = 331

T IO S
331 – 331 = 0

I
NO A D
CO N
Subtraction is performed 11 times
A
Cube root of 1331 is 11

PY
DO U A
∴ 1331 is a perfect cube.
T
ED PR

3. Find the smallest number that must be subtracted from those of the
C

numbers in question 2 which are not perfect cubes, to make them

©

perfect cubes. What are the corresponding cube roots?

Solution:
In previous question there are three numbers which are not perfect cubes.
(i) 130
Let’s perform subtraction
130 – 1 = 129
129 – 7 = 122
122 – 19 = 103
103 – 37 = 66
66 – 61 = 5
Next number to be subtracted is 91, which is greater than 5
Since, 130 is not a perfect cube. So, to make it perfect cube we subtract 5
from the given number.
130 – 5 = 125 (which is a perfect cube of 5)

(ii) 345
Let’s perform subtraction

T IO S
345 – 1 = 344

I
NO A D
344 – 7 = 337

CO N
A
337 – 19 = 318

PY
DO U A
318 – 37 = 281
T
281 – 61 = 220
ED PR

220 – 91 = 129
C

129 – 127 = 2
©

Next number to be subtracted is 169, which is greater than 2

Since, 345 is not a perfect cube. So, to make it a perfect cube we subtract
2 from the given number.
345 – 2 = 343 (which is a perfect cube of 7)

(iii) 792
Let’s perform subtraction
792 – 1 = 791
791 – 7 = 784
784 – 19 = 765
765 – 37 = 728
728 – 61 = 667
667 – 91 = 576
576 – 127 = 449
449 – 169 = 280
280 – 217 = 63
Next number to be subtracted is 271, which is greater than 63

T IO S I
Since, 792 is not a perfect cube. So, to make it a perfect cube we subtract
NO A D
63 from the given number.

CO N
A
792 – 63 = 729 (which is a perfect cube of 9)

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

4. Find the cube root of each of the following natural numbers:

(i) 343 (ii) 2744
C

(iii) 4913 (iv) 1728

©

(v) 35937 (vi) 17576

(vii) 134217728 (viii) 48228544
(ix) 74088000 (x) 157464
(xi) 1157625 (xii) 33698267
Solution:
(i) 343
By using prime factorization method
3 3
√343 = √(7 × 7 × 7) = 7

(ii) 2744
By using prime factorization method
3 3 3
√2744 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 7) = √(23 × 73 ) = 2 × 7 = 14

(iii) 4913
By using prime factorization method,
3 3
√4913 = √(17 × 17 × 17) = 17

T IO S I
(iv) 1728
NO A D
CO N
A
By using prime factorization method,

PY
3 3 3
√1728 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3) = √(23 × 23 × 33 )
DO U A
T
= 2 × 2 × 3 = 12
ED PR

(v) 35937
C

By using prime factorization method,

©

3 3 3
√35937 = √(3 × 3 × 3 × 11 × 11 × 11) = √(33 × 113 ) = 3 × 11
= 33
(vi) 17576
By using prime factorization method,
3 3 3
√17576 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 13 × 13 × 13) = √(23 × 133 ) = 2 × 13
= 26
(vii) 134217728
By using prime factorization method
3 3
√134217728 = √(227 ) = 29 = 512
(viii) 48228544
By using prime factorization method
3 3
√48228544 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 13 × 13 × 13)
3
= √(23 × 23 × 73 × 133 ) = 2 × 2 × 7 × 13 = 364

(ix) 74088000

T IO S
By using prime factorization method

I
3 3

NO A D
√74088000 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 7 × 7 × 7)

CO N
A
3
= √(23 × 23 × 33 × 53 × 73 ) = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 420

PY
DO U A
T
(x) 157464
ED PR

By using prime factorization method

C

3 3
√157464 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3)
©

3
= √(23 × 33 × 33 × 33 ) = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 54

(xi) 1157625
By using prime factorization method
3 3
√1157625 = √(3 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 7 × 7 × 7)
3
= √(33 × 53 × 73 ) = 3 × 5 × 7 = 105

(xii) 33698267
By using prime factorization method
3 3 3
√33698267 = √(17 × 17 × 17 × 19 × 19 × 19) = √(173 × 193 )
= 17 × 19 = 323

5. Find the smallest number which when multiplied with 3600 will
make the product a perfect cube. Further, find the cube root of the
product.
Solution:

T IO S
Firstly, let’s find the prime factors for 3600

I
NO A D
3600 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5

CO N
A
= 23 × 32 × 52 × 2

PY
DO U A
Since only one triples are formed and three factors remained ungrouped
in triples.
T
ED PR

The given number 3600 is not a perfect cube.

To make it a perfect cube we have to multiply it by (2 × 2 × 3 × 5) = 60
C
©

3600 × 60 = 216000
Cube root of 216000 is
3 3 3
√216000 = √(60 × 60 × 60) = √(603 ) = 60
∴ the smallest number which when multiplied with 3600 will make the
product a perfect cube is 60 and the cube root of the product is 60.

6. Multiply 210125 by the smallest number so that the product is a

perfect cube. Also, find out the cube root of the product.
Solution:
The prime factors of 210125 are
210125 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 41 × 41
Since, one triples remained incomplete, 210125 is not a perfect cube.
To make it a perfect cube we need to multiply the factors by 41, we will
get 2 triples as 23 and 413.
And the product become:
210125 × 41 = 8615125
8615125 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 41 × 41 × 41

T IO S
3 3
Cube root of product = √8615125 = √(5 × 41) = 205

I
NO A D
CO N
A
7. What is the smallest number by which 8192 must be divided so that

PY
DO U A
quotient is a perfect cube? Also, find the cube root of the quotient so
obtained.
T
ED PR

Solution:
The prime factors of 8192 are
C
©

8192 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2 = 23×23×23×2

Since, one triples remain incomplete, hence 8192 is not a perfect cube.
So, we divide 8192 by 2 to make its quotient a perfect cube.
8192
= 4096
2

4096 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2 = 23 × 23 × 23 × 23
3 3
Cube root of 4096 = √4096 = √(23 × 23 × 23 × 23 ) = 2×2×2×2 = 16

8. Three numbers are in the ratio 1:2:3. The sum of their cubes is
98784. Find the numbers.
Solution:
Let us consider the ratio 1:2:3 as x, 2x and 3x
According to the question,
x3 + (2x) 3 + (3x) 3 = 98784
x3 + 8x3 + 27x3 = 98784
36x3 = 98784
98784
x3 =
36

T IO S
= 2744

I
3 3

NO A D
𝑥 = √2744 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 7) = 2 × 7 = 14

CO N
A
So, the numbers are,

PY
x = 14
DO U A
T
2x = 2 × 14 = 28
ED PR

3x = 3 × 14 = 42
C
©

9. The volume of a cube is 9261000 m3. Find the side of the cube.
Given, volume of cube = 9261000 m3
Let us consider the side of cube be ‘a’ metre
So, a3 = 9261000
3 3
a = √9261000 = √(2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 7 × 7 × 7)
3
= √(23 × 33 × 53 × 73 ) = 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 210
∴ the side of cube = 210 metre