MODULE 1: MACHINE SHORTHAND

LESSON 1 Touch Shorthand is Easy ,

Sitting at the Machine Shorthand,
The Keyboard,
The Keyboard: Home Position,
First Letters and Words: Initial S, Vowel A
Initial T and Final T
Consonant Compound ST
Vowel U and the Punctuation Mark: Period

LESSON 2 Final S (-S), Initial Z (S) and Final Z (-Z)

Consonant Compounds: -TS
Machine Shorthand Abbreviations(is,his, at, the , it, Saturday, street
Machine Shorthand Derivatives
Phrasing
Vowel O
MSA–you, a, an, on, over, another
Letter U for Double Letter O
Punctuation Mark:Comma
Correction Key:Asterisk (*)
Words of More Than One Syllable

LESSON 3 Initial R and Final R (-R)Consonants Compounds: TR, -RS, -RT

Machine Shorthand Abbreviations
Punctuation Mark: Question Mark
PhrasesInitial P and Final P (-P)
Consonant Compounds: PR, SP, -PS
Machine Shorthand Abbreviations

LESSON 4 The Genius of the Keyboard

First Letter Combination: Vowel I and Initial N
Using I for Final Y
Machine Shorthand Abbreviations
Machine Shorthand Derivatives
New Letters: Vowel E and Final N (-N)
Machine Shorthand Abbreviation
Word Ending–StWords with Ses, Sis, and SuS
DIRECTIONS: Read the sentences very carefully. Then write your answer in your answer
notebook.
____1. Letter H is written by the ___ index finger.
a. left
b. right
c. left middle
____2. Final D (-D) is located at the ___ hand corner of the keyboard.
a. left
b. right
c. right index
____3. What is the machine shorthand of the word LAND?
a. PW A RB
b. W E D S
c. HRA PB D
____4. is the abbreviation of the word WEDNESDAY
a. WR
b. WED
c. WDS
____5. The sound pattern of NOWHERE is
a. WR
b. NOWR
c. KOR
____6. TP represents the letter
a. F
b. D
c. B
____7. What word represented by machine shorthand TP HR EU T?
a. fruits
b. free
c. flight
____8. These vowels are used in writing the sound of AU and AW.
a. E & U
b. A & U
c. E & O
___9. Final G (-G) is used in writing words ending in ___.
a. ing
b. ment
c. tion
____10. TKPWHR is represented by the word____
a. go
b. gone
c. glad
SELF- CHECK 2

DIRECTIONS: Analyze the sentences below. Then write WRONG if the statement is incorrect
and RIGHT if it is incorrect.
____1. TP is the letter representation of Final –F.
____2. F is the sound pattern of it, for, of.
____3. Vowels OU are used in writing the sound AU and AW.
____4. Friday is represented by TP R EU.
____5. Initial G is represented by letters TKPW.
____6. The consonant compounds GL is TKPW R in tape note.
____7. S EU RBG is the machine shorthand of the word circumstance.
____8. –G is the representation of the word ending in ing.
____9. The sound pattern of the word file is TP HR.
____10. OD is the sound pattern of the word other.

SELF- CHECK 3
DIRECTIONS: Match column A to column B. Then write your answer in your answer notebook.
____1. Final D (-D) a. H
____2. Initial F b. D
____3. Number 3 c. TKPW
____4. Initial G d. TP
____5. Initial H e. 3P
____6. Number 4 f. 4H
____7. Final F (-F) g. F
____8. Number 2 h. G
____9. Final G (-G) i. 6F
____10. Number 6 j 2T
ANSWER KEY
SELF-CHECK 1
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. C
SELF-CHECK 2
1. WRONG
2. RIGHT
3. WRONG
4. RIGHT
5. RIGHT
6. WRONG
7. RIGHT
8. RIGHT
9. WRONG
10. WRONG
SELF-CHECK 3
1. B
2. D
3. E
4. C
5. A
6. F
7. G
8. J
9. H
10. I
SELF-CHECK 4
1. TKPW A PB G
2. TPH FR
3. K O R
4. TP O PB
5. TP E B
SELF-CHECK 5
1. CIRCUMSTANCE
2. FLAW
3. PAYING
4. CROWD
5. GREEN
SELF- CHECK 4

DIRECTIONS: Transcribe the following words into machine shorthand. (2 points each)
_______________1. Gaining
_______________2. Information
_______________3. Correspondence
_______________4. Phone
_______________5. February

SELF- CHECK 5
DIRECTIONS: Transcribe the following machine shorthand into longhand. (2 points each)
_______________1. S EU R B G
_______________2. TP HRA U
_______________3. P A G
_______________4. K R O U D
_______________5. TKPW R E PB
Machine Shorthand

Lesson 1
Machine Shorthand Keyboard and Home Key Position
What this module is about?
A wonderful day! Are you excited to enhance your skills in
typing in machine shorthand? If yes, good and if not, think
twice. I’m sure you will enjoy it. Machine shorthand is an easy
course skill. Just strike to the right and left and strike up and
down. So, prepare yourself because this module will help you find
out the secret techniques in machine shorthand. So, what are you
waiting for? Let’s start .
What to learn from this module
This module will teach you how to utilize properly the
machine shorthand.

That will enable you to achieve the ff.

1. define the definition of machine shorthand.

2. discuss the three section of machine shorthand keyboard.

3. illustrate the proper way of home keys position in machine

shorthand.

4. discuss the consonant compound ST and examples.

5. study the new words ATE and SAT.

6. discuss the new letter U and the punctuation mark PERIOD

PRETEST
Direction: Read and analyze the questions carefully and choose
the right answer.
Write the answer in your notebook.

1. Which are the three sections of machine shorthand keyboard

was the letter S, T, P, H located?
a. Vowel
b. Initial Consonant
c. Consonant Compound
d. Final consonant

2. What are the three sections of machine shorthand keyboard

was the letter F, P, L, T, D located?
a. Vowel
b. Initial Consonant
c. Consonant Compound
d. Final consonant

3. What are the three sections of machine shorthand keyboard

was the letter A, O, E, U located?
a. Vowel
b. Initial Consonant
c. Consonant Compound
d. Final consonant

4. Where are the keys placed at the upper part of keyboard

using the left hand fingers?
a. S T P H
b. S K W P
c. F P L T D
d. R B G S Z

5. Where are the keys placed at the upper part of keyboard

using the right hand fingers?
a. S T P H
b. S K W P
c. F P L T D
d. R B G S Z

6. What keys should be depress simultaneously when you heard

the word STATE?
a. ST A T E
b. ST A T
c. ST
d. ST A

7. In the word ATE, what keys should de depress at the same

time?
a. A
b. A T E
c. A –T
d. T E

8. Which vowel is written by the right thumb at the far right

of the vowel keys?
a. A
b. O
c. E
d. U

9. How to write by machine shorthand keyboard the word SUE?

a. S U E
b. S U
c. S
d. U E
10. In writing of punctuation mark period in machine
shorthand, which keys should be depressed all together?
a. A O E U
b. S T P H
c. F P L T D
d. R B G S Z
Lesson 1
MACHINE SHORTHAND KEYBOARD AND HOME KEY POSITION

Machine Shorthand - is a specialized chorded keyboard or typewriter used by stenographers for

shorthand use.

Initial Consonant
Final Consonant
The consonant
sounds that begin The consonant
words or syllables sounds that end
are written by words or
depressing one or syllables are
more keys on the written by
left side of the
keyboard

Vowels All the

sounds are written
by depressing one or
more keys on the
bottom of the
keyboard.
As you begin, place your fingers on the keyboard in a natural curved position. And this is the home key
position. Always start writing with your fingers at the home key.

Left Hand The left Right Hand The Right

fingers are placed in fingers are placed in the
the keys S, T, P, H at keys F, P, L, T at the
the upper part of upper part of the
the keyboard. This is keyboard. This is the left
the left home key. home key. The left
The left thumb rests thumb rests lightly over
lightly over the the
vowel keys A and O.

The machine shorthand manually operated and spaces automatically at each keyboard stroke when keys
are released completely.

OK! Students, after we have discussed those sections and proper home keys position of machine
shorthand. Now, let’s have an application. Before that, let’s tackle first the examples at the bottom.

CONSONANT COMPOUNDS: ST
To or more consnants occurring together in a word as ST in the word STAY (ST A) are called
consonant compounds.
To write ST by depressing initial S and initial T

Example:
ST A
STAY- depress consonant compounds S T and vowel
STATE- depress consonant compounds S T, vowel A and final consonant T (-T) ST A T
simultaneously.

ATE AND SAT

ATE – depressing a vowel A and final consonant T (-T) at the same time. A T

SAT – depressing an initial S, vowel A and final T (-T) simultaneously. S A T

Vowel U – is written by the right thumb at the far right of the vowel keys

U
YOU - depressing the U key
S U
SUE- depress the initial S and vowel U simultaneously.
ST U
STEW- depress the compound consonants ST and vowel U together

PUNCTUATION MARK: PERIOD To write the period depress the right home key FPLT all
together. Repeat period a number of times until FPLT appear side by side on the right side of the
paper tape.
Activity 1

Individual activity Direction: Draw a machine shorthand keyboard on the clean sheet bond paper and
Write the corresponding letters and illustrate the three section of keyboard.

Self-Check

Direction: Identification;

Identify the ff. and write your correct answer

on the space provided.

_____________1. This is the section of machine shorthand keyboard

were the keys located on the upper right side.

_____________2. Where is the F, P, L, T keys located in keyboard?

_____________3. How do you write the word of ATE in machine

shorthand?

_____________4. What keys should be depressed in the punctuation

mark PERIOD?

_____________5. What are the vowel letters in the keyboard?

LET’S SUMMARIZE

__Machine Shorthand is an easy skill course.

__The Machine Shorthand keyboard is divided into three

sections.

__The proper way of home keys position of the fingers.

__The correct depressing of consonant compounds ST and vowel

U.
POST-TEST

Direction: Read and analyze the questions carefully and choose

the right answer. Write the answer on your notebook.

Direction: Read and analyze the questions carefully and choose

the right answer. Write the answer in your notebook.

1. Which are the three sections of machine shorthand keyboard

was the letter S, T, P, H located?

a. Vowel

b. Initial Consonant

c. Consonant Compound

d. Final consonant

2. What are the three sections of machine shorthand keyboard

was the letter F, P, L, T, D located?

a. Vowel

b. Initial Consonant

c. Consonant Compound

d. Final consonant

3. What are the three sections of machine shorthand keyboard

was the letter A, O, E, U located?

a. Vowel

b. Initial Consonant

c. Consonant Compound

d. Final consonant

4. Where are the keys placed at the upper part of keyboard

using the left hand fingers?

a. S T P H

b. S K W P

c. F P L T D

d. R B G S Z

5. Where are the keys placed at the upper part of keyboard

using the right hand fingers?

a. S T P H

b. S K W P

c. F P L T D

d. R B G S Z

6. What keys should be depress simultaneously when you heard

the word STATE?

a. ST A T E

b. ST A T

c.ST

d. ST A

7. In the word ATE, what keys should de depress at the same

time?

a. A

b. A T E

c. A –T

d.T E

8. Which vowel is written by the right thumb at the far right

of the vowel keys?

a. A
b.O

c.E

d.U

9. How to write by machine shorthand keyboard the word SUE?

a.S U E

b. S U

c. S

d. U E

10. In writing of punctuation mark period in machine

shorthand, which keys should be depressed all together?

a. A O E U

b. S T P H

c. F P L T D

d. R B G S Z

ANSWER KEY Pretest/Posttest 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C

The lightweight and portable shorthand machine has only 22 keys. Not all the letters of the
alphabet are represented on the keyboard and the missing letters are recorded by pressing a
combination of keys. The keyboard requires only a light touch, is completely silent, and is
capable of producing shorthand well in excess of 250 words a minute. Words are reproduced as
shorthand notes by breaking them into syllables and these are represented by a combinations of
letters. The use of abbreviations and phrases increases writing speed.

 Machine shorthand has been used since World War I when teenage students, after just a few
months’ practice, scooped most of the prizes at the United States shorthand speed
championships, and out-performed by far the experienced pen-writing reporters who also
competed.

 Immediate transcription of the machine shorthand notes is made possible by computer-aided

transcription (CAT).  Computer software translates the shorthand and displays the text on a
computer screen ready for editing before it is printed. CAT provides a printed transcript within
minutes of the reporting of court evidence, parliamentary debate, business correspondence or
meeting proceedings.

In recent times, developments in technology have further assisted the reporting professions.
Realtime reporting permits simultaneous transcription of the spoken word, as the shorthand notes
are translated into written text on a computer screen at the moment of writing. Thus, realtime
reporting allows participants in courts,  parliamentary and business settings to view the transcript
instantly.

 Realtime writers are also engaged in producing captioning or subtitles for the broadcast
industry.  Captions allow people to read the spoken word on  television, allowing greater access
for consumers. Since January 2001 legislation in Australia has required the captioning of
television programs across free-to-air and subscription  networks.

Shorthand writers also provide CART (Communication Access Realtime Translation) or live-
event writing services.  CART provides a complete translation of all spoken words and
environmental sounds for the benefit of an individual or larger group anywhere where
communication access is needed, including classrooms, lectures, religious services, conventions
and conferences.

PRACTICAL MACHINE SHORTHAND 2010

MACHINE SHORTHAND LETTER DISTRIBUTION

LETTERS INITIAL FINAL

A A A
B PW B

B PW B
C C C
D TK D
E E E
F TP F
G TKPW G
H H
I EU EU
J SKWR PBLG
K K BG
L HR L
M PH PL
N TPH PB
O O O
P P P
Q KW
R R R
S S S
T T T
U U U
V SR F
W W
X S BGS
Y KWR EU
Z S S