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Gross Anatomy Practical of The Urinary System

This document outlines a practical lab on the anatomy of the urinary system, including learning objectives to identify the kidney, ureter, bladder, and urethra. Students will examine cadavers and models of these organs, describing features like shape, location, and blood supply of the kidney and course of the ureter. They will then submit a report summarizing their findings and answering questions about structures observed in the lab.

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Christopher Chewe
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66 views

Gross Anatomy Practical of The Urinary System

This document outlines a practical lab on the anatomy of the urinary system, including learning objectives to identify the kidney, ureter, bladder, and urethra. Students will examine cadavers and models of these organs, describing features like shape, location, and blood supply of the kidney and course of the ureter. They will then submit a report summarizing their findings and answering questions about structures observed in the lab.

Uploaded by

Christopher Chewe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANATOMY PRACTICAL OF

THE URINARY SYSTEM

Lecturer: Prof Kasonde Bowa


Position: Professor
Course: BMHA121
Delivery: Semester 1 Practical 2
Topic: Urinary Systems Anatomy
Subseries: 1

Practical Outline

1.Objectives
2.Practical
3.Questions
4.Report

1.0Learning Objectives

1.Knowledge- To demonstrate the Gross Anatomy of the Urinary system .

2.Skills- to describe and identify key parts of the Kidney, the Ureter , the Bladder and the
Urethra.

3.Attitudes- to demonstrate commitment ,punctuality, discipline and hard work in this


practical exercise

Practical
Introduction

You will have done a Lecture on the Urinary System.This will add the visual and
tactical(touch) to the theory you received. The Upper tracts means the Kidney and the Ureter.
These produces and transport Urine. You can compare this to the Respiratory System which
also has an Upper and Lower Tract. In the Respiratory System one processes and the other
passes the air into the body. While in the Urinary system the upper Tract produce the Urine
and the Lower tracts pass it out of the body. The Kidney is designed with filters called
Glomeruli which you will see in the Histological practical to clean out the blood and in the
process produce urine as the waste from the cleaning process of the Blood. The Kidneys are
right at the back.(Retroperitoneal). They are bean or C shaped.The lower tract will include
the Bladder and the Urethra. These are responsible for storage and voiding of urine.

This Practical

This practical focuses on the Kidney,Ureter, Bladder and Urethra. In this practical you will
use the Cadaver and the models to achieve the most from the practical. You will see the
kidney its physical size dimensions and location. Compare these features for the right and left
kidney. You should also see the other structure to which it is related. You will see the cross
sectional appearance of the Kidney. You will see the Ureter its course and the structures it
crosses. You will also see the bladder its shape and position. You will also see the Urethra
and note the differences between the Male and Female Urethra.

Special features
You Kidney has several covers with the Gerotas fascia as the key covering of the kidney
which is surrounded by the peri and paranephic fat. Theses protect the kidney from injury,
You will also see the adrenal glands which are triangular on the right and semicircular on the
right. The Vessels or the Renal vessels are arranged with the artery in front, the vein behind
and the pelvis where the ureter arise outer most. You should see that the vessel on the right
have a shorter Renal Vein than the on the Left. This is important when operations are done to
remove the kidney(Nephrectomy).

Before you start revise the key anatomy features of the kidney and Ureter from your lecture
notes.

Activity 1 Examine the Kidney

a. Examine the kidney its shape, location, blood supply and special features
b. Explain the kidney coverings and state their importance in clinical practice
c. Explain the difference in position of the right and left kidney and give the reasons
d. Review the coronal section of the Kidney and explain its parts
e. Examine the blood vessels of the kidney and compare the difference between the two

The next activity involves the Ureter this structure is about 25cm in length. It has a diameter
of about 0.5cm to 1.5cm.It transmits urine from the pelvis to the Kidney. It is a muscular tube
and has 3 narrowing’s which are all points of transition, as we show with the Oesophagus.
Revise the key elements of the lecture on the Ureter.when you have done so do activity 2

Activity 2
This practical focuses on the Ureter

a. Follow the Ureter from its source to its end


b. Explain if there is a difference between the course of the left or Right Ureter
c. Where are the narrowing’s of the Ureter and give the reasons
d. See the area where the Ureter enters the Bladder explain the abnormalities that may occur
at this site
e.Measure the length and width of the Ureter what is the importance of this

Activity 3
Examine the Bladder and Urethra

a.Examine the bladder describe its shape and location


b.What is the apex and base of the bladder
c.What are the parts of the Urethra
d.What is the difference between the Male and Female Urethra

Do a report on the lab done, including the following

1.An introduction
2.A description of the organs seen with a few diagrams
3.Answer the questions in the lab

Submit the lab onto the portal. Remember to draw your own diagrams

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