Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

CSS Lecture-5
Topic: Data Type, Variable and Operator

DataTypes and Variable:

 A variable in javascript is simply a name of storage location.
 It is the basic unit of storage in a program.

 A JavaScript variable declaration statement often starts with a keyword.

 The var keyword tells the browser to create a new variable:
var x = 5;
var y = 234.45;

 JavaScript variables can hold many types of data: numbers, text strings, arrays,
objects and much more: For Example

var length = 16; // Number assigned by a number literal

var lastName = "Johnson"; // String assigned by a string literal

var cars = ["Saab", "Volvo", "BMW"];

// Array assigned by an array literal

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260
Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

var person = {firstName:”John”, lastName:”Doe”};

// Object assigned by an object literal

 Besides regular numbers, there are so-called “special numeric values”

which also belong to this data type: Infinity, -Infinity and NaN.

 Infinity represents the mathematical Infinity ∞. It is a special value that’s

greater than any number. We can get it as a result of division by zero:

 About NaN, If any expression does not generate any number then
JavaScript result is NaN. For Example: “ABC”/10 will result in NaN

Javascript local variable

A variable which is declared inside block or function is called local variable.
It is accessible within the function or block only. For example:

<script>
function abc(){
var x=10;//local variable
}
</script>
Or,

<script>
if(10<13){
var y=20;//javascript local variable
}
</script>

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260
Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

Javascript global variable

A global variable is accessible from any function. A variable i.e. declared
outside the function or declared with window object is known as global
variable. For example:

<script>
var data=200;//gloabal variable
function a(){
document.write(data);
}
function b(){
document.write(data);
}
</script>

Assigning Values to Undeclared JavaScript Variables

If you assign a value to a variable that has not yet been declared, the variable will
automatically be declared as a GLOBALvariable.

This statement:
carName = "Volvo";

will declare the variable carName as a global variable , even if it is executed inside
a function.

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260
Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

Operators in JavaScript :-
JavaScript operators are symbols which are used to assign values, compare
values, perform arithmetic operations, and more.

JavaScript supports the following types of operators.

• Arithmetic Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Logical (or Relational) Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Conditional (or ternary) Operators
• String Operators
• typeOf Operators
• Bitwise Operators

Arithmetic Operators :
Arithmetic operators perform arithmetic operations on numbers.

Operator Description
+ Addition
– Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus (Remainder)
++ Increment
-- Decrement

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260
Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

Relational or Comparision Operators in Java Script :

 Comparison and Logical operators are used to test for true or false.

 Comparison operators are used in logical statements to determine equality

or difference between variables or values.

 Given that x = 5, the table below explains the comparison operators:

Operator Description Comparing Returns

== equal to x == 8 False
x == 5 True
x == “5” True
=== equal value and equal x === 5 True
type x === “5” False

!= not equal x != 8 True

!= = not equal value or not x !== 5 False

equal type x !== “5” true
x !== 8 true
> greater than x>8 False
< less than x<8 True
>= greater than or equal x >= 8 False
to
<= less than or equal to x <= 8 True

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260
Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

JavaScript Logical Operators :

 Comparison and Logical operators are used to test for true or false.

 Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or

values.

 Given that x = 6 and y = 3, the table below explains the logical operators:

Operator Description Example

(x < 10 && y > 1) is
&& And
true

(x == 5 || y == 5) is
|| Or
false
! not !(x == y) is true

JavaScript Conditional (Ternary) Operator :-

 JavaScript also contains a conditional operator that assigns a value to a
variable based on some condition.

Syntax: variablename=(condition)?value1:value2;

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260
Course: Client Side Scripting, Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260

JavaScript Type Operators :-

Operator Description
typeof Returns the type of a variable
instanceof Returns true if an object is an instance of an
object type

For Example: typeof 5; // Number

typeof “5”; // string

String str = new String(“Hello”);

str instanceof String // true

JavaScript Bitwise Operators :-

 Bit operators work on bits numbers.
 Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a bit number.
 The result is converted back to a JavaScript number.

Operator Description Example Same as Result Decimal

& AND 5&1 0101 & 0001 0001 1

| OR 5|1 0101 | 0001 0101 5

~ NOT ~5 ~0101 1010 10

^ XOR 5^1 0101 ^ 0001 0100 4

<< Zero fill left shift 5 << 1 0101 << 1 1010 10

>> Signed right shift 5 >> 1 0101 >> 1 0010 2

Zero fill right

>>> shift 5 >>> 1 0101 >>> 1 0010 2

Course: ClientSideScripting, Info Planet Programming Classes Prepared By: Atul Kabra, 9422279260