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For Class 9 New

English Book Notes

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UNIT 1.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

Exercise 1
Read the text and tick (✓) the correct answer

1) The text is about:

a) The battles of Islam.
b) The family of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W).
c) The migration and teachings of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W).
✓d) The last pilgrimage

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2) Which of the following message is mentioned in the Last Sermon, as given in the text
a) People should not hurt others.

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b) Both men and women have rights over each other,
c) Muslims are a part of one brotherhood.
✓d) All of the above

Vocabulary
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Exercise 2
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Find the following words in the text and underline them.

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1) ancestors family members who were before the grandparents

2) migrate to move from one place to go or live in another place
3) hypocrites people who pretend to be what they are not
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4) pagans people who do not believe in any of the main religions of the world
5) harmony understanding and accepting each others' thoughts and feelings
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6) prohibited did not allow doing something

7) alliance a kind of working relationship
8) unified linked people together
9) consolidated made secure or strong
10) astray away from the correct path or direction
11) beware be careful
12) superiority to be higher in rank or position
13) piety strictly following the teachings of one's religion
14) legitimate according to the rules and law
15) equitable fair and just
16) meritocracy. giving awards and positions to people according to their capability and
performance
18)principle. a rule for behaving in a certain way

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UNIT 1.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Next, work in pairs and try and gases what the words mean. Once you have
guessed, check the meanings from the glossary given at the end of the
book.

Exercise 3
Choose any ten Words from the list above and use them in your own
sentences. Write these sentences in your notebook.
Once you have finished writing, exchange your copy with your partner.
Read each other's sentences and give feedback.

Words Sentences

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1) Ancestors my ancestors migrated from India
2) Migrate lots of people migrate to many country

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3) Aggressive Ali would not like aggressive people
4) Hypocrites hypocrites tell a lie
5) Pagans
6) Harmony
7) Prohibited
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majority of pagans live in India
harmony is necessary in every
I prohibited to eat junk food
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8) Alliance in the world war II Germany made an alliance with Italy
9) Unified. Pakistani people unified with each other after the flood
10) Consolidated Afridi's inning consolidated Pakistan position in match
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11) Astray some people astray in the world.

12) Beware I am beware about my board exam
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13) Superiority my classmate superiority is increasing day by day in class

14) Piety piety increases the man respect in society
15) Legitimate we ought to do legitimate work
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16) Equitable Islam give equitable position to everyone

17) Meritocracy we must make a meritocracy society
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18) Principal. We should follow the Muhammad (PBUH) guiding principle

Exercise 4
Read the text and answer the following questions by circling the right
answer.

1) How did the Quraish treat the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) They?
a) favoured him.
✓b) opposed him.
c) loved him.
d) criticized him.

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UNIT 1.1 READING COMPREHENSION

2) When did the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) migrate to Madina?

a) 620 A.D.
b) 621 A.D.
✓c) 622 A.D.
d) 623 A.D.

3) When the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) settled in Madina, which of the following groups of people
lived there?
a) Muslims and Jews
b) Muslims, pagans and Jews
✓c) Muslims, pagans, hypocrites and JewNs
d) Muslims, hypocrites and Jews

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4) Where did the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) deliver his last sermon?

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a) Quba mosque
✓b) Uranah valley
c) Jabal-e- Rehmat
d) Hudebia Ce
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5) When did the Holy Prophet (S.A.VW) perform his last Hajj?
a) 06 year of Hijra
b) 08 year of Hijra
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✓c) 10 year of Hijra

d) 12" year of Hijra
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Exercise 5
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Read the text and find out whether the statements are right or wrong. Tick
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the appropriate column. One has been done for you as an example.

1. The mission of the Prophet (S.A.W) continued for 23 years. (✓)

2. All the Quraish refused to accept Islam. (×)
3. The City of Yathrib was less than 320 miles away from Makkah. (✓)
4. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) decided to build a mosque at a place outside Yathrib before
entering the city. (✓)
5. Today, Yathrib is called Madinat an-Nabi. (✓ )
6. The people of Madina agreed that Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) should settle their
disputes (✓)
7. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) addressed such a large . gathering of Muslims for the last
time at Aratat, (✓)
8. Islam has different laws for the black and for the white people. (×)

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UNIT 1.1 READING COMPREHENSION

9. All human beings are children of Adam and Adam was created from dust. (✓)
10. Only the people who heard the last sermon were Supposed to follow it. (×)

Post Reading

Exercise 6
The table on next page has messages from the Last Sermon of the Holy
Prophet (S.A.W). The first part of the sentence is given in column A and the
second part is given in column B, in a jumbled order. Read the text, match

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the part in column A with the correct part in column B and write the answer
in column C. The first one has been done for you as an example.

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After you have completed the exercise, compare your answer with your
partner
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Column A Column B
1) Only those people were superior a) to the people to whom they belong. ( 1 f )
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2) All muslims were tied to each other b) that were based on blood and wealth were
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useless. ( 2 g )

3) The only thing that made one person better c) you may get hurt in return. ( 3 j )
than the other
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4) No Muslim had a right to thing belonging to d) have rights over each other. ( 4 i )
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other Muslims

5) Satan will try to misguide you in small e) as a secret trust. ( 5 h )

matters

6) Therefore, all claims to Superiority f) who led a righteous life. ( 6 b )

7) Return all things kept with you in trust g) in the bond of brotherhood. ( 7 a )

8) Both men and women h) so be careful. (8d)

9) if you will hurt others i) useless they gave these of their own free
will. ( 9 c )

10) Consider the life and property of every j) was the goodness with which they led their

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UNIT 1.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Muslim life. ( 10 e )

Exercise 7
Work in pairs and complete the following statements. Write the complete
sentences in your notebook.

1) Most of the Quraish refused to accept Islam because they thought that the Holy Prophet
(S.A.W) was against their gods and their ancestors.

2) The day the Prophet Muhammad entered Yathrib, marks the start of the Islamic calendar.

3) The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) invited the leaders of all the communities living in Madina to

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discuss harmony and peace among them.

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4) The three main points of the Charter of Madina were right and duties of the Muslims and
jews, freedom of religion and prohibition of any alliance with the outside enemies.

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5) In order to strengthen the position of the Muslims in Madina, the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) took
three major steps, which were he unified the different Arab tribes under Islam carried
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out social and religious reforms, and administrative developments.

6) The farewell pilgrimage of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) is an important event for the Muslims
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because for it was first and the last pilgrimage made by prophet Muhammad (S.A.W)
as well as an occasion when he thought Muslim how to perform the Hajj.
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7) The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) asked the people in the gathering to listen carefully as. The holy
prophet (S.A.W) knew that he would no be amongst them after that year.
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8) The Muslims can ensure that all people get their fair share by making honesty, justice and
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meritocracy our guiding principles.

Exercise 8
Work in groups as divided by the teacher. Orally discuss and then prepare
a chart on one of the following topics, as assigned by the teacher.

1) The principles that the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) followed after migrating to
Madina so that Muslims and non-Muslims could live in peace and harmony.

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UNIT 1.1 READING COMPREHENSION

2) The basic messages in the last sermon about the rights of other people
and why it is important to respect them.
3) At least five teachings, as described in the Last Sermon of the Holy
Prophet (S.A.W), that we should practice in our daily life in order to
strengthen our society.
4) Some of the bad practices that we have adopted, which are against the
teachings of the last sermon of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W), and how these
are affecting our society.

Chart (1)

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Ans)
holy prophet ( S.A.W) followed the three steps after migration for peace in Madina

Step 1 Step 2
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Freedom of religious to both Muslims and non-muslims The holy prophet ( S.A.W)
Muslims and non-muslims. prohibited any alliance with would settle any dispute
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the outside enemies. between both Muslims and

non-muslims.
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UNIT 1.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus : Sharing information and ideas

Exercise 1
All students must listen to what others are saying and participate fully in
the discussion.

Step: A
● Work in groups of 4-5, as instructed by the teacher.
● Discuss one of the topics from the list given below, as assigned by
the teacher.
● Select two members from the group who should note all the points

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discussed.
● Make sure that everyone takes part in the discussion.

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Topics 1.
1. Some unfair means that students use in exams
2. Reasons for using unfair means in exams
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3. Impact of using unfair means in exams on students' performance
4. Effect of using unfair means on the future of students
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Step: B
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● Prepare a presentation that your group will make.

● Compile all the ideas that the group discussed.
● Decide which member of the group will say what.
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● Also decide the order in which all the members will speak.
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Step: C
● At the end of their presentation, each group should ask the class to
suggest any point that they might have missed.
● The note takers should note these points.
● Collect all the data and prepare a talk for giving in the assembly, to
discourage use of unfair means during exams.

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UNIT 1.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

( Answers )

Student no (1)
(Q1) Some unfair means that students use in exams
(A) Students use lots of things in exam some are given below.
(1) Mobile (2) Chits (3) Take help from other students
Student no (2)
(Q2) Reasons for using unfair means in exams
(A) There are lots of reasons which are given below.
(1) The first reason is to realise good number.
(2) The second reason is that they don't study whole year.

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Student no (3)
(Q3) Impact of using unfair means in exams on student's performance

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(A) Unfair means totally destroy the students abilities and they cheat their parents, teachers and
as well as government boards.

Student no (4) Ce
(Q) Effect of using unfair means on the future of students
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(A) If students pass by using unfair means they will not get their aims because they will not have
wisdom but they will have only degree.
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UNIT 1.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Rules of conditional sentences ( Second Conditional )

You have learnt about type 1 conditional sentences in earlier classes. Here
we will discuss and practise Type 2 conditional sentences.

Type 2 conditional sentences are often used for talking about imaginary or
unreal situations. Here are some basic rules followed in the second
conditional sentences:

● The verb in the clause with 'if' is in the simple past or past
continuous tense

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● The verb in the other clause uses the modal 'would' (in negative
sentences 'wouldn't' is often used). Other modals that can also be

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used are 'could' and 'might' and their negative forms (couldn't, might
not)
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● The 'if' clause can come at the beginning or at the end
● The 'if' clause is separated from the main clause by a comma
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● In a type 2 'if' clause, sometimes 'were' is used instead of 'was'

Examples
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● lf they drank sufficient water, they would have a healthy skin.

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● If Sana was watching television, the lights would be on.

● I would go mad, if I received a billion rupees.
● lf allowed, they could sleep the whole day.
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Exercise 1
The following table has some second conditional sentences. The first part
is in column A and the second in column B, but in a jumbled order. Find the
correct match from column B and write the answer in the answer column.
The first one has been done as an example.

Column A Column B
1) if all people in Pakistan become honest a) if the students and teachers paid due
attention. ( 1 g )

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UNIT 1.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

2) I could easily get an A grade in my exams b) if they had an update map of the area.
(2 f)

3) If our driver did not try so fast c) they could visit all their friends. (3d)

4) the tourists would not be lost d) we could not be in hospital right now.
( 4 b)

5) If they had the time e) if she presented it well. ( 5 c )

6) If money grew on trees f) if I worked really hard. ( 6 h )

7) Our schools would produce capable g) the country would progress very fast.
leaders (7a)

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8) Her idea would be acceptable h) everyone would be rich. ( 8 e )

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Once you have completed the exercise, discuss with your partner. Then
write the complete sentences in your notebooks

Exercise 2
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Work in pairs and orally complete the following second conditional
sentences by using the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. You
may use other verbs, but make sure that you use the correct form.
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Next, write the correct sentences in your notebooks. The first two
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sentences have been done as examples

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1) If we had a computer,.............. (finish)

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If we had a computer, we could finish this work quickly.

If we had a computer, we could find some more information.

2) We might see a bear,........... (go)

We might see a bear, if we went further in the woods.
We might see a bear, if we climbed on a tree.

a) If she is study harder,........(gey)

1) If you study harder, she would get a success.
2) If she study harder, she would realize a position in class.

b) if you grew multiple crops on your land,.......(earn)

1) if you grew multiple crops on your land, you would earn lots of money.
2) if you grow multiple crops on your land, you would acquire more benefits.

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UNIT 1.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

c) people would fly,......(have)

1) people would fly, if they had a wings.
2) people would fly, if they had a capabilities.

d) If I owned a camera,.....(take)
1) If I owned a camera, I would take your pictures.
2) If I owned a camera, I would take videos

e) They might win the match,.....(work)

1) They might win the match, if they worked hard.
2) They might win the match, if they had a plan.

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f) If Abdullah lived with his family,....(save)
1) If Abdullah lived with his family, he would save lots of money.

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2) If Abdullah lived with his family, he would go to school beside his house.

Exercise 3 Ce
Complete the following dialogue by using some or all of the words given
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below. You may use your own words or use these words any number of
times. The first one has been done as an example. Do this exercise in your
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notebook.
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Want have come fall sick join swim

go plan be
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Zahid: We had to call of our picnic plan. First, we decided to go to the seaside but
we could not do so.
Qasim: Why?
Zahid: If we went to the sea side, Salim would not come,
Qasim: Why would Salim not come?
Zahid: If he came, he would swim and fall sick.
Zahid: You don't fall sick when you swim.
Zahid: Salim's heart is weak. He would fall sick, if he swam
Qasim: You could have gone to the park.
Zahid: Tahir and Salman said that if we went to the park. They wouldn't join us.
Qasim: Then what?

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UNIT 1.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Zahid: Someone suggested that we visit the museum. However, half the group
objected and said that if we went there, they would not come with us.
Qasim: Why?
Zahid: They said that they could not enjoy themselves, if we just visit the
museum.
Qasim: They were right. If you wanted to have fun, then you would not get that inside the
museum.
Zahid: So, if we wanted to please everyone, we could not decide on a place to go,
hence, the plan was dropped.

Revision: punctuation

Exercise 4

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Work in pairs and correct the punctuation and capitalization in the
following passage. Here are some tips on how to do it:

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Step 1: Read each paragraph and identify where each sentence is getting
completed. Mark that part. Read again to see whether it is a question or a
statement. If it is a question, put a question mark, otherwise put a full stop.
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Step 2: Read each sentence again to see where commas and apostrophes
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are needed.
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Step 3: Check and put the capital letters where needed.

Step 4: Read the whole passage again to check for any errors.
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( Forming Habits )

How long does it take to form a new habit ? I looked for an answer the same way most people
do . I asked 'Google', the answer got was 21 days . It seemed that if you repeat a behaviour
everyday for 21 days , you can form a brand-new habit . Then i asked can one change all types
of behaviour in 21 days or just some types . I was not able to find an answer ; all l could find out
was that if it was exercise , smoking , writing a diary or turning cartwheels you could do it . 21
days - the important thing was to maintain a chain of 21 days without breaking it
One psychologist Mr Mohan decided to do some research to find out if all new habits could be
formed in just 21 days . About 100 people from the Multan University participated in the
research . They were asked to choose a behaviour that they wanted to turn into a habit . They

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UNIT 1.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

all had to choose something they didn't already do , that could be repeated every day . What do
you think the result was ? The results showed that , on average , it took 66 days until a habit
was formed . However , this does not mean that people weren't able to form new habits in 21
days . According to the study findings , some habits could be formed in 21 days ; while some
could take as long as 254 days . So 21 days to form a habit is probably right , as long as all you
want to do is drink a glass of water after breakfast , anything harder is likely to take longer to
become a really strong habit and in the case of some activities much longer .

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

Descriptive Essay

A descriptive essay describes a person, place or thing. It includes

important details about the person, place or thing in such a manner that the
readers can create a picture in their mind about the object being described.

PERSONS OBJECTS AND PLACES

General description, moving from Physical description and

general to specific characteristics of an object / place,
moving from general to specific
Detailed physical description of

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face, build, clothes, expressions, Finer details of size, colour, shape,
etc. texture, structure, etc.

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Personality traits e.g. habits,
attitudes, behaviour, etc. Ce
Atmosphere of a place / qualities of
an , object
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Use appropriate objectives and adverbs for vivid effect
Write the details in an appropriate order
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Exercise 1
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First, individually, read the following essay, titled 'Deserts. Notice how the
introductory and concluding paragraphs are written. Also notice how the
topic sentence and the other details are linked in each body paragraph.
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Next, discuss the following aspects with your partner.

● Discuss the introductory paragraph. Is the thesis statement at the

end of the paragraph given in one sentence or two sentences? The
thesis statement should contain all the key ideas that are covered in
the essay.
● Underline the topic sentence in each body paragraph.
● Discuss how each topic area is explained with facts, examples, ideas,
opinions , etc.

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

● See how the closing paragraph is written; underline the signalling

closing word or phrase used. Also discuss how the paragraph briefly
beings together the central Idea, all the supporting ideas. underline
the concluding statement does it give and Idea suggestion,
recommendation etc.

DESERTS

It is difficult to imagine what a desert looks like without having seen one. A desert is a vast plain
of sands and stones, having some mountains and hills of various sizes and heights. They are

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usually without roads or shelters. Sometimes, deserts have springs of water, which create
green, grassy spots, with a few trees. One of the most remarkable deserts of the world is the

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Sahara Desert.
Springs of water are usually few and far apart in deserts. Where such springs are there, an

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oasis is formed. An oasis is an area in the desert where there is water and where plants grow. It
is a place where tired travellers and their animals quench their thirst and find a shady place to
rest. Were it not for these small springs and shady places, no human being could cross the vast
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stretch of burning sand. To be thirsty in a desert, without water, exposed to the burning sun
without shelter, is one of the greatest sufferings that a human being can be exposed
to.
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One of the most remarkable deserts in the world is the Sahara Desert. This desert is a vast
plain, but is slightly above the sea level. It is covered with sand and gravel, with a mixture of sea
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shells, and looks like the basin of an evaporated sea. Amid the desert, there are springs of
water and oases. There are thirty-two of these that contain fountains and date palms; twenty of
them are inhabited. They serve as stopping places for the caravans.
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To conclude, a desert has vast areas of just sand, with no trees or forests. The only places
where a few trees and some grass can be found are the oases, where the tired and thirsty
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travellers can rest. Travelling in the desert used to be, and sometimes still is, very risky and lack
of water can lead to suffering and death. However, modern technology, including satellite
phones and advanced modes of transport, have greatly reduced the risks and suffenings.

Exercise 2
Now, work in pairs and write a descriptive essay of at least four paragraphs
on one any of the following topics:
1. My village/town/ city
2. Historical place

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

3. A scenic place
4. School playground

Here are the guidelines that you should follow

1. Brainstorm for ideas
2. Select the ideas to be covered in the essay
3. Write an introductory paragraph with a clear thesis statement at the
end of the paragraph. The thesis statement should contain all the key
ideas that are to be covered.
4. Use a separate paragraph for each topic area.

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5. Write a clear topic sentence for each key idea.
6. Include evidences (facts, quotations, etc,), examples

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(analogies,anecdotes etc.).

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7. Add a closing or summary paragraph with a signalling closing word
or phrase (to sum up, in the end, etc.), brief summary of the main
points discussed in the essay, and a general concluding statement
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giving an idea, suggestion, recommendation, etc.
8. Follow grammar and punctuation rules.
9. Edit your work to see that you have covered points c- h, given above
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( My village )
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The villager are very simple and straightforward people. They lead a simple, happy and
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continent life. Their houses are mud-plastered. Most of the villagers are farmers. They wake up
early in the morning. They work hard in their fields from down to ducks. They usually travel on
foot. They enjoy fresh air and natural beauty around them. That is why they are healthy and
strong. In the villages, shops are few and scattered the market are not the same as in the cities.
The carpenter and the blacksmith are the two workmen, who are needed most in the village.
They make and repair the farmers 'tools and do other odd jobs.

Village life has its own charms. It is very pleasant to go and live there for a few day.
My village name is hala. My village exists in a low lying area that has a warm summer and a
chilly winter. Mostly I visit my village in summer because of the holiday. Although the village is
far cooler than the city during the summer.

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

It is fact villages are always natural due to be their self-creation by nature on the other hand,
most cities are man made . Hence the natural environment of villagers is their main attraction. In
villages only we may have the charms of birds and flowers or the beauty of the day
down
.
Thus, life in villages and cities presents two contrasting pictures . There are positive as well as
negative aspects of the both . Therefore it is up to the individual to make the most of it
irrespective of the rural or urban sitting that one lives in . I myself like to live in a village in the
close vicinity of the modern city so that I can enjoy the pleasure of the city and the village.

( A historical place )

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A visit to a historical place gives us information about the people of past and their ways of life.

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In the last summer vacation, a few of my friends decided to go to moen-jo-daro, a place of great
historical interest.

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We left Karachi for Larkana by train. On reaching there, we stayed in our hotel. Next morning,
we reached moen-jo-daro by bus. It is at a distance of 27 kilometres from Larkan on the right
bank of the river Indus. Moen-jo-daro means "Mount of the Dead" its rains are about 4500 years
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old. It was first discovered in 1922, when some villagers found pieces of old pots and bricks at
the place. These pieces were brought to Sir John Marshall. He was an English civil servant,
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whose job was to look after the historical remains. He ordered the man for digging the place in
this way, this old city was discovered.
En

The people of moen-jo-daro were great traders, farmers and craftsmen. The trade was carried
on through the river Indus which was very near and the sea within easy reach. The countryside
must have been fertile since wheat, rice and cotton grew there. The farmers also keep cattle.
E

There were skilled craftsmen who work in gold, silver and Ivory. Clay dolls and cards were made
M

for children to play with. The people of moen-jo-daro were quite rich and lived a happy life. No
one has yet been able to determine the meaning of the words written on the seal and on the
pottery.

Thus hundreds of visitors not only from Pakistan but also from all over the world, come to see
this dead Civilization. In the evening. We took last round of the site and returned to Larkana.
This trip was very interesting and informative for us.

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

( A scenic place )
Natural beauty is unmatched. Pakistan has world most beautiful places for visiting . Specially at
its best in northern areas of Pakistan and Kashmir region. This part of the country is famous all
around the world because of sky high mountains, lush green valleys, mighty rivers, beautiful
lakes and amazing wildlife. The Paradise on earth 'Neelum valley' mini Switzerland 'swat valley'
and mountain kingdom 'Hunza valley' are the major tourist attractions in Pakistan. All these
places are real natural beauty of the world

Azad Kashmir is a land of roaring rivers and majestic lakes, snowy peaks and green mountains,
forests and splendid valleys. It is located in the Himalayan region. It is widely famous for its rich
flora and fauna. Varieties of flowers add to the beauty of Kashmir. It is one of the best natural
spots in Pakistan. Its exquisite scenery, green fields combine to add to the The grandeur of this

er
God gifted Paradise on earth

nt
Muzaffarabad, the capital of Azad Kashmir is located on the banks of the Jhelum And Neelum
rivers well known tourist spots near muzaffarabad are the Red fort, Patika, Awan patti. Another

Ce
beautiful place is Neelum valley which is situated to the north and Northeast of muzaffarabad.
It is the most charming and scenic place for tourists in Azad Kashmir.
ish
Kashmir is abundantly endowed with Allah's bounties. Apart from having great scenic
attractions, these places are good health resorts. Indeed, the beauty of Kashmir is in
enchanting. So we ought to visit Kashmir because it is a Paradise in world, that is why I and my
gl

friends are deciding to visit Kashmir. We are collecting money for the visit, in upcomings future
we will visit there and see the beauty of this scenic place.
En

. ( School playground )
E
M

My school has a big playground. It has a huge boundary wall. We play all types of games in the
playground. We play volley-ball, hockey, football, cricket and basketball. Our school principal
encourages all students to play one or the other games. We have very strong teams of players;
they practice different games in the playground. Various matches are held on this playground.
The P.T instructor of our school gives us training in the playground. He encourages all the
players. Our teams have won many prizes in sports and games. Our school playground has
produced many great players. They play at the national level. I am proud of my school
playground.

Our school gives special importance to games and so it Insists that all students should take part
in all games. We play hockey, football, cricket and basketball. Our school teachers encourages
all student to play one or the other games

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

It is pleasant sight to see all the students at play. Sometimes the teachers join the games. There
is a way of joy and happiness everywhere . All look bright, happy and jolly. Our teachers are
very good in various games and play very well.

Our playground has green grass looking like green velvet all round the ground. There are green
shrubs that are beautifully trimmed. There is a gardener to water and look after it. Our
playground has several big trees under which we sit and talk on matters of interest to us. In the
end we also ought to look after the playground and help the gardener in cleaning and various
jobs because it is our responsibility.

er
Formal letters

nt
Exercise 3

Ce
First, individually read the following letters to the editor complaining about
a problem / issue. Note the layout and the vocabulary, style and tone used
ish
(1)
August 19, 2018.
gl

The Editor,
En

Daily Dawn, Karachi.

Subject: Traffic Accidents
Dear Sir,
In Pakistan hundreds of people die every year in road accidents. The media and the
E

govermment focus a lot on terrorism, although traftic accidents are more common than acts of
M

terrorism.
The main reasons for accidents are: poor conditions of vehicles, violations of traffic rules, use of
mobile phones while driving, underage children driving, bad road conditions, and dim or no
street lights.
The government should take effective steps, like creating awareness among people through the
media and training the traffic police, so that the number of accidents is reduced.
A Concerned Citizen.
Multan.

(2)
August 12, 2018.
The Editor,

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

Express Tribune,
Karachi. Subject: Banning Plastic Bags
Dear Madam,
Plastic bags cause land destruction because plastic can turn good fertile land into barren land.
This is because, according to scientists, plastic takes more than 500 years to break down in a
landfill.
Moreover, scientists have also found that plastic bags can be a source of many deadly diseases
such as cancer, birth defects, immune damage and asthma.
According to the Minister of climate change, more than 55 billion plastic shopping bags are
being used in Pakistan and their use is going up every year by about 15%.
The government should conduct surveys to see how much damage is caused to the
environment and people's health by plastic bags. Steps should then be taken to create
awareness among the people about loss of fertile land for future generations and the health

er
risks in using plastic bags. Moreover, laws should be passed to reduce the use of plastic bags to
an essential minimum.

nt
Munir Altaf
Turbat

Ce
Next, work with a partner and analyse these letters by discussing the
following aspects
ish

a) To which newspaper's editors were these letters written?

gl

A) The first letter was written to Daily dawn's editor. The second letter was written to express
Tribune's editor.
En

b) Are these letters addressed to a man or woman?

A) First written addressed man. Second written addressed women.
E

c) What problem has been identified in letter 1 and in letter 2?

M

A) In first letter writer identified "Traffic Accidents" problems.

In second letter writer identified "Plastic Bags" problems.

d) Which of these letters gives reasons for the problem?

A) Both letters give reasons for the problems.

e) Which of these letters gives suggestions?

A) Both letters give suggestions

f) Do we know who wrote both these letters?

A) First letter is written by a concerned citizen from Multan.
Second letter is written by munir Altaf from Turbat.

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

g) Why is the name of one writer missing?

A) The writer didn't want to show this name.

Exercise 4
Work in pairs and write a letter to the editor complaining about a problem /
issue, of the letter given above.
Follow these steps:
1. Brainstorm for ideas
2. Select the ideas to be covered in the letter
3. Decide the name of the newspaper and the gender of the editor

er
4. State the problem in paragraph 1.
5. List the possible reasons for the problem in paragraph 2

nt
6. Give ideas/ opinions/ suggestions to the concemed body in
paragraph 3,
Ce
7. Use the appropriate format, layout, vocabulary, and tone.
8. Edit to check for points c-g stated above
ish
(1)
gl

February,14,2021
The editor,
En

Daily Jang,
Karachi.
Subject: Traffic Accidents
E

Dear sir,
M

As a concerned citizen, I wish to draw your attention towards the increase in road
accidents in the metropolitan cities of Pakistan. The roads, these days, have become a death
trap and no one feels safe.
Reckless and rush driving seems to be the root cause behind these
accidents. People are leading a mechanised life today and so are always in a hurry. No attention
is paid to the speed barriers or accident prone areas mornings. They are least worried about
their safety or the traffic rules. Another cause of these accidents is the increase in the numbers
of vehicles. The youth today want a vehicle of his own most of the reckless driving is done by
youth who are reckless drivers.
Through the esteemed columns of your newspaper. I
would like to appeal to the authorities to take necessary strict action against such youngster or
law violators

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UNIT 1.4 WRITING

A concerned citizen
Karachi

(2)
February,14,2021
The Editor,
Daily Dunya,
Karachi,
Subject: Banning Plastic bags
Dear Madam,

er
I totally agree with the views, published in the article "Ban poly bags". It is a fact
that poly bags our plastic bags are harmful due to their nonbiodegradable nature. They don't

nt
decompose. According to scientists plastic takes more than 500 years to break down in a
landfill.

Ce
The plastic bags don't destroy, instead they choke the drainage system. Most animals eat
them and die in the long run. If they are burnt their obnoxious smell pollutes the
atmosphere.
ish
I wish that people at large in their own interest and in the interest of mother earth
wake up to his problem. Everyone should stop using poly bags, jute bags, paper bags, etc
should take their place. Government ought to ban the plastic bags and should make laws
gl

concerned citizen
Karachi.
En
E
M

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UNIT 1.5 STUDY SKILLS

Editing

Editing adds quality to your work. Edit everything that you write before you
send / give it to anyone / even if it is a two line email. Editing helps you look
critically at your work and it makes you think of the rules of language that
you have learnt. If you are not sure whether something is right or wrong,
check it from someone who knows, or from the internet, or even from your
books.

Exercise 1
One of the students wrote a story and gave it to the teacher. The teacher

er
underlined the parts where there were errors and returned it back to the
student to correct it and then submit it again. The story is given below.

nt
Work in pairs and read the story. It contains many types of errors,
grammatical, punctuation, capitalization,spellings, wrong words and so on.
Ce
Correct all the underlined errors, first orally and then rewrite the corrected
story in your notebooks
ish
( The Wise King )
gl

A rich man was on his deathbed. He told his sons to dig the ground under his cot and share the
En

buried wealth, after his death, When he died, the sons started digging.One of them found a
vessel full of jewels and pearls, another a vessel full of gold and silver coins, the third one a
vessel full of bones, and the forth a vessel full of dust. The last two quarrelled with the first
E

two and said that the riches should be shared equally amongst them? The first two did not
agree.
M

Finally, all four decided to put their case before the king. The king listened to their story
and decided that the on who got the jewels should keep them and the one who got the coins
should also keep them. The other two brothers felt very sad when they heard this.
Then the king
looked at the other two sons and said that the one who had the vessel full of bones was to be
owned of the cattle left by his father, and the one with the vessel that had dust was to get all
the land owned by the rich man
This decision by the king was liked by all the brothers. They
were all amazed at the King's wisdom. They were all satisfied and pleased with the decision.

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UNIT 1.5 STUDY SKILLS

Exercise 2
The following story also has similar errors as the story in exercise 1. First,
work individually, read the story, and try to find out the errors in this story.
Underline the portion where the error is and write the correct form above it.

Once you have done this, work in groups of three, and discuss your work.
After discussing make the necessary changes in your book. Finally, write
the corrected story in your notebooks.

( The Four Seasons )

er
nt
There was a man who had four sons, he wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too
quickly. So he send each one of them, one by one, to go and look at pear tree that was a great
distance away.
Ce
The first son went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer and youngest son in
autumn. When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they
had see. The first son said that the tree was ugly, bent, and twisted. The second son said no it
ish
was covered with green buds and full of promises. The third son disagreed; he said it was
laden with blossoms that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was most graceful thing
gl

he had ever seen. The last son disagreed all of them; he said it was dropping with ripe fruit, full
of life and fulfillment.
En

The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they had each seen but
only one season in the tree's life. He told them that you cannot Judge a tree, or a person, by
only one season or on the basis of knowing about only one aspect of his life. So, don't let the
pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest. Don't judge lite by one difficults season or
E

people on the basis of one bad example.

M

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UNIT 1.6 FUN

Travel brochure

Work in groups of four. Each group represents a travel agent. Your job is to
prepare a travel brochure to attract people to visit a particular place. A
brochure is a kind of pamphlet that gives brief information about a
programme, place, activity, etc. The group that will develop the best
brochure, colourful brochure With good, brief information will be the
winner.

Step 1

er
1. Think of a place that you want people to visit
2. Brainstorm for ideas about

nt
● Why should people visit that place, what is nice and attractive
about it
Ce
● What will the people need to take with them when they travel to
this place
ish
● What are the modes of travel they can use, i.e. train, bus, car,
plane, etc.
● What are some of the things that they must see, eat, buy, etc.
gl

● What are some important things to remember

En

Step 2
E

1. Discuss and decide a name for your travel agency

M

2. Think about what your brochure will look like, i.e. the shape of the
brochure, how you would write the information, the pictures or
drawings that you will use, etc.
3. Decide who will do what; for example,who will collect the information
/ pictures, who will write / draw, etc.
4. Start developing the brochure

1) Think of a place that you want people to visit.

A) The people must visit Sea view because it is a beautiful place.

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UNIT 1.6 FUN
2) Brainstorm for ideas about.

a) Why should people visit that place, what is nice and attractive about it.
A) Sea view has lots of things, which attract the people towards it for example
1) Beautiful see.
2) place of food in Do dariya.
3) Spend lots of time in peace and thinking about your future.

c) What will the people need to take with them when they travel to this place.
A) The people will need camera for taking photos. The the people will also need convenience.

d) What are the modes of travel they can use, i.e. train, bus, car, plane, etc
A) it is really easy to go sea view we can use public transport and car to go to sea view.

er
e) What are some of the things that they must see, eat, buy, etc.

nt
A) If you go to sea view, you must watch sunset. It is really beautiful and ought to eat corn, it is
really delicious

f) What are some important things to remember. Ce

A) You will remember one thing, you will clean the sea view's place and don't throw wrapper,
ish
used bottle and other things in sea view
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

Exercise 1

a) How many aspects of Shah Abdul Latif's life have been covered in the text?
A) There are seven aspects covered in this text

b) List all these aspects in your notebook as shown below.

1) The first aspect is about his background and family.
2) The second aspect is about his the Name Bhitai.
3) The third aspect is about his early life and education.
4) The fourth aspect is about his youth.

er
5) The fifth aspect is about his spiritual growth.
6) The sixth aspect is about his death and remembrance.

nt
7) The seven aspect is about Shah Latif's poetry.

Vocabulary

Exercise 2
Ce
ish
The words given in bold below have been taken from the text. Look up
these words in the text and underline them.
gl

Next, do the following exercise. Underline the correct answers from the
En

choices provided. The first one has been done as an example.

1) Those who have an abundance of wealth have

E

(a) little wealth (b) a lot of wealth (c) some wealth

M

2) My family's ancestral roots are in Sindh. means my parents, grandparents and great
grandparents have lived in Sindh since
(a) my grandparents got married (b) my birth (c) many generations

3) The new academic year commences in our school in April.

(a) ends (b) progresses (c) begins

4) The devotees of some saints walk to shrines barefoot.

(a) children (b) followers (c) caretakes

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UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

5) Many people go to a mystic to ask for the fulfilment of their wishes.

(a) person who lives alone (b) new person (c) person with spiritual power

6) The sailors of Sindh used to travel to far off lands as they had good navigation skills.
(a) shipe directing (b) engineering (c) swimming

7) For centuries, the main medium for transfer of information was oral traditions.
(a) horses (b) passing of information by word of mouth (c) messages

8) My brother is a restless person, always looking for new things to do.

(a) genius (b) different (c) change seeking

er
9) Truly great persons deserve reverence as they play a positive role in our lives.
(a) richness and wealth (6) leadership positions (c) respect and admiration

nt
10) Islam's message of peace is universal, as without it there can be no happiness.

Ce
(a) good (b) applicable to all the people in the world (c) acceptable

After you have completed, work with a partner and check the meanings of the words in
ish
bold from the glossary. This will help you check whether you have the right answers.

Exercise 3
gl

Work in pairs and complete the sentences below with a word written in bold
in Exercise 2. You can use one word only once. Write the complete
En

sentences in your notebook

E

1) The devotees of Shah Bhitai celebrate his Urs every year.

M

2) My mother and I decided to go to a mystics to ask him to pray for my father's health.

3) It is a universal fact that no living thing can survive without oxygen.

4) Much of what we know about our culture has been passed on to us through oral tradition

5) We may have different ancestral roots but we are all the off springs of Adam.

6) Fasting commences on the first day of Ramadan.

7) Pakistan has everything in abundance but we need strong policies to make good use of
everything that we have.

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UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

8) Nelson Mandela won his people's reverence for his long struggle for the rights of people in
South Asia.

9) The art of restless requires hard work and one needs to practise a lot to write beautifully.

10) The Pakistan Navy has very good navigation skills.

Exercise 4
The reading text has seven aspects that relate to Shah Latif.
The following sentences state one key point covered under each aspect.
However, these sentences are in a jumbled up order. Read the text and
write the aspect number in the blanks provided. The last one has been

er
done for you as an example.

nt
a) He found pleasure in praying, thinking and devotion. 5
b) He was married for a short period of time only. 4
c)
d)
e)
Ce
Shah Latif's forefather migrated to Sindh from Afghanistan.
A shrine was built over his grave sometime after his death.
His poetry is mainly about Sindh but off places are also mentioned.
1
2
7
ish
f) He loved studying and had a command over other languages. 3
g) He is called Bhitai because he spent a good past of his life on a mound. 2
gl
En

Exercise 5
Read the text and find the following information. Write down these things in
your notebook. After you have completed, discuss your answers with your
E

partner.
M

Questions / Answers

1) Two things done at the time of "Urs, as mentioned in the text.

A) Thousands of people gather and (a) listen to the saint's songs sung on the 'Tambooro'
(b) many learned men read papers that tell about Latif's life and his poetry.

2) Two possible reasons why his ancestors migrated to Sindh.

A) (a) Shah's father Syed Habib Shah migrated from Matiyaru in Afghanistan to Bhainpur in
Sindh in order to gain spiritual contact with Bilawa, a local pious man.
(b) his ancestors migrated to Sindh from Hirat because at that time Sindh was the centre of
Muslims culture, Latif's ancestors liked it so much that they decided to make it their home.

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UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

3) Two other languages that he knew quite well.

A) All through he received little formal education the Risalo provides proof that he new
(a) Arabic
(b) Persian quite well

4) Two main religious sources that he had knowledge about.

A) Various references in Shah Risalo indicate that he had in deep knowledge of the
(a) Holy Quran
(b) Hadiths

5) Two poets whose works were a part of his collection.

A) (a) Maulana jalaluddin Rumi
(b) Shah Karim

er
6) Two skills for which he is known.

nt
A) The first skill is that he was a musician and invented 'Tombooro'. The second skill is that he
was an excellent poet of common language of people.

Ce
7) Two places in Afghanistan mentioned in his poetry.
ish
A) There are two places of dastaan staan Afghanistan in his poetry the first one is Kabul and the
second one is Kandahar.
gl

8) Two places in India mentioned in his poetry.

A) There are two places of India mentioned in his poetry the first one is Delhi and the second
En

one is Deccan.

9) Two languages mentioned in which the 'Risalo' has been translated.

E

A) There are two languages in which Shah Jo Risalo was translated. These are Urdu and
English.
M

Exercise 6
Questions/Answers

a) How was information about Shah Latif's early life collected. Why was it collected in
this manner?
A) Information about the life of Bhitai was mostly collected from oral traditions and Pakistani
scholar Mirza Kalich Beg played important role to collect information. It was collected in this
manner because at that time information was spread in this manner.

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UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

b) Why is Shah Latif called the 'Saint of Bhit' ?

A) In 1742 Shah Latif left his home and went to live on a mount at some distance from his
village. A mount of sand is called 'Bhit' in Sindhi due to the fact he live on this mount for the
rest of his life shah Latif came to be known as the saint of Bhit.

c) Why did Shah Latif not marry again after his wife died?
A) In 1713 the Sufi poet married with BiBi Saidha Begum. His wife died at an early age before
she could have any children however Shah never married again his heart turned more and
more towards religion and devotion and he felt restless he found it difficult to live a normal
domestic life.

d) Why did people become Shah Latif's followers?

A) Latif's love of God grew more and more to the extent that he found pleasure only in devotion.

er
As a result so much people began to be attracted towards him. Anyone who came to him was
strongly impressed by his gentle ways and his followers increase day by day.

nt
e) What does Shah Latif's poetry and work tell us about his knowledge and skills?

Ce
A) Shah Latif's poetry and word tell us that he had lots of knowledge about Quran and Hadiths
whose reference get us from Shah jo Risalo. He had skill of Music
ish
f) Name the places in the text mentioned in Shah Latif's poetry. Why do you think these
places have been mentioned by him?
A) There are lots of places mentioned in Shah Latif's poetry which are given below
gl

(1) Isatambul. (2) Samarqand. (3) Rome. (4) China. (5) Sindh.
(6) Kabul and Kandahar. (7) Delhi. (8). Deccan.
En

I think that they are neighbouring regions that is why he mentioned them. He also mentioned
distance cities
E

g) Why is Shah Latif's key message in his verses acceptable to everyone?

A) Shah Latif's key message in his verses acceptable to everyone because the things which are
M

mentioned in his message are included in human nature

h) Can we put his message into practice in today's world. If "Yes' how, if 'No' why not?
A) Yes his message can be practiced in today's world because his message in love from Allah
and mankind because we can act easily on it without any trouble.

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UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 7
Work in groups of six and prepare questions for conducting an interview of
scholars who have studied Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, his life and his poetry.

Next, prepare a role play in which one member of the group becomes an
anchor person while the remaining members become scholars in a TV talk
show.

Ans) Explanation on YouTube Channel name ( MF English Center )

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 2.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: Asking and answering questions of a social nature

Exercise 1
Work in groups of six. First, read the following questions silently.

1) What are some of the harmful things that people eat, drink or smoke?
2 How does the use of these harmful things affect their physical health?
3) How does their use affect their relationships with their friends and other
people?
4) How does their use affect their family life?
5) How does the cost of these things affect a person's life style?

er
Now, write down the questions in your notebook. Leave two lines after each

nt
question so that you can write the answers later, when you ask these
questions.
Ce
Each one of you should ask all the other group members one question
ish
each and note down their answers in your notebook,

Here are some key words/ phrases that you can use while asking
gl

questions. Use the actual names of the students instead of the names used
En

here. Use the questions given above.

1) Shahina, what do you think, what are some of the harmful things that
E

people eat, drink or smoke?

M

2) Farah, in your opinion, how does the use of these harmful things affect
………..?
3) Gulnar, according to you, how does their use affect their relationships
…………?
4) Tahira, what do you say, how does…….?
5) Mahira, can you tell me,.......... ?

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UNIT 2.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Questions / Answers
1) Faiz, what do you think, what are some of the harmful things that people eat drink or
smoke?
A) Faiz sad that," I think that people eat junk food and drink and healthy water and smoke
cigarette"

2) Hasan in your opinion, how does the use of these harmful things affect their
physical health?
A) Hassan said, "my opinion is that after using harmful things people get acen."

3) Babar, according to you, how does their use affect their relationships with their
friends and other people?

er
A) Babar said that, "according to to me, person feels have there is no energy in this body so
he doesn't spend time with his friends and other people."

nt
4) Ali, what do you say, how does their use affect their family life
A)
Ce
Ali said that, " I say that harmful things effect our beloved family member and they suffer
from ill.
ish
5) Bilal, can you tell me, how does the cost of these things affect a person's
life style?
A) Bilal said that, "I will tell that, harmful things increase the human weight and people would
gl

not like the fat person.

En

Exercise 2
After all the students in your group have asked all the questions, select one
E

answer for each one of the questions that you would like to share with the
M

class. Decide who will go and present each answer on behalf of the group.

A) This exercise will be done orally

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UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Using models for ability

The modal verbs are can, could, may, might, shall, should, will and would.
Modals are used for different language functions; like talking about ability,
asking permission, making requests, giving suggestions, etc. Here, we will
learn about using the modals can, could, may tor ability and permission.

Ability
We use can to talk about someone's skill or general abilities at a given time
in the present or future:
He can swim like a fish.

er
They can't speak Punjabi very well.
You can get good marks in the exams.

nt
We use could to talk about past time:
She could speak several languages.
They couldn't write very well.
Ce
ish

Exercise 1
gl

Fill in the blanks with the positive or negative form of suitable modal verbs:
En

can / could

a) I couldn't swim when I was a child but I can swim now.

E

b) My brother couldn't run fast when he was five years old but he can run fast now.
c) They could come early but they couldn't find a bus earlier.
M

d) Nowadays, Sana can speak English fluently but she couldn't speak so well a year ago.
c) Sameer could speak several languages when he was young but now he can speak only
English fluently
f) Little Shahzain can crawl but he still can't walk.
g) Sara can embroider and stitch clothes but her sister can'tYy)666ykuiu7uu8)66())7
h) We can play after completing our homework but we can't play before that.

Exercise 2
Write about your abilities/ inabilities in the following blanks. You should
share what you were/were not able to do when you were younger, what you
can do now and what you will be able to do when you grow up.

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UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

You may use sentences like:

When I was younger/When I was nine years old

I could drow pictures when I was 10 year old.

But, I couldn't ride bicycle.
Now, I can ride bicycle.
However, I can't drive car.
When I grow up, I can drive car.

Now ask two of your class mates what they could / couldn't do when they
were younger, what they can / can't do now and what they think they can do

er
in the future. Follow the same pattern as you did for yourself and write their
responses in your notebook. Ask Your classmate

nt
Classmate Ali

1) "What could you do when you were younger?"

Ce
ish
A) when I were younger I could play cricket in street.
gl

2) "What couldn't you do when 8 years old?"

A) I couldn't ride a bicycle.
En

3) "What can you do now?"

A) I can ride a bicycle now.
E

4) "What can't you do now?"

M

A) I can't swim now.

5) "What can you do in the future?"

A) I can pass board examination in future.

Classmates Hasan

1) "What could you do when you were younger?"

A) When I were younger I could play videogames in my father's mobile.

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UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

2) "What couldn't you do when 10 years old?"

A) I couldn't do my homework alone.

3) "What can you do now?"

A) I can do my homework alone now.

4) "What can't you do now?"

A) I can't play football.

5) "What can you do in the future?"

A) I can play football in future.

er
Permission

nt
We also use can to ask for permission to do something:
Can I borrow your pencil, please?
Can we go home now?
Ce
ish
The use of could is more formal and polite than can:
Could I borrow your pencil, please?
gl

Could we go home now?

En

Another more formal and polite way of asking for permission is with the
use of may.
E

May I borrow your pencil, please?

M

May we go home now?

We use can to give permission:

You can go home now if you like.
You can borrow my pencil if you like.

We can also use may as a more formal and polite way of giving permission:
You may go home now, if you like.

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UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 3
Work in groups of six; three of you should complete Dialogue A given
below, while three should complete Dialogue B. Add at least 10 lines in
both the dialogue. You can change the names or add more names.

Dialogue A: Using can/ could for ability

Zahra: can you speak Chinese, Najma?

Najma: No, but I can speak Persian.
Zahra: wow! what about you Farah?
Farah: I can't speak Chinese but I can speak English.

er
Zahra: why can't you not speak Chinese Farah?

nt
Farah: I couldn't learn Chinese from my uncle Ali.
Zahra: oh! Farah I can teach you Chinese.
Farah: Wow! I can learn Chinese from you easily.
Zahra: how can Chinese help you Farrah?
Ce
Farah: if I learn Chinese so I can talk with my uncle Ali in Chinese.
Zarah: wow! Chinese can help you very much Farah.
ish
Najma: Farah can you speak Sindh?
Farah: Yes, I can speak Sindh very well.
gl

Dialogue B: Using can / could / may for permission

En

Areeb: I have completed my work. Can I play now?

Mother: yes, you can, but come back soon.
E

Areeb: may I take my new mobile?

M

Mother: no, you can't take your new mobile.

Bilal: may I also go to play with Areeb?
Mother: no you can't go because you didn't do your work.
Areeb: if I don't take mobile so may I go to play?
Mother: yes, you may go to play without new mobile.
Bilal: I will do my homework later so can I go with Areeb to play?
Mother: no, you can't go to play with Areeb because you have already said the samething to
me before but you didn't do your homework.
Mother: if you do your health work so you may go to play.
Areeb: may I help the bilal in his work?
Mother: why not ! you could help Bilal and can take Bilal for playing.

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UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Suffixes

We sometimes add a pair or group of alphabets at the end of a word to add

something to the meaning of a word. These are called suffixes. We can use
suffixes to make many new words, including nouns.

Examples:
agree+ment = agreement postpone+ment = postponement
willing+ness = willingness frank+ness = frankness
arrive+a/ = arrival profession+a/ = professional

er
Exercise 4

nt
A, Fill the blanks in the following exercise with nouns formed by using the
suffix 'ment with the appropriate given words. One has been done as an
example. Ce
ish
employ. treat. manage. pay. retire. judge

1) As soon as the judgement was given, the reporters left the court room.
gl

2) Zaman is back to work after his treatment

3) The workers receive their weekly payment every Friday
En

4) My son is looking for employment as he lost his job last week.

5) After his retirement at the age of sixty he has decided to write a book
6) The management of the school announced their new admission policy yesterday.
E
M

B. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the suffix 'ness' with
the appropriate given words.

ill. bold. neat. kind. soft

1) Her illness has made her weak.

2) I love the softness of our new sofa set.
3) Our neighbour's son, who is a soldier, fought the enemy with boldness.
4) The principal of our school treats everyone with kindness.
5) My mother taught us nearness in all our work.

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UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

C. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the suffix 'al' with the
appropriate given words.

Ign. survive. approve. propose. remove.

1) The survival of the green turtle is in danger on the Karachi beaches.

2) Our proposal for setting up a dispensary was accepted by the minister.
3) The removal of garbage is the responsibility of the government.
4) The train moved out of the station as soon as the guard gave the signal.
5) I needed my parent's approval for going to friend's wedding.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

Narrative

A narrative essay is focused on telling a story. It includes important details

about the incident. When writing a narrative essay, include details about:
● When and where the event /-incident took place
● What happened, include significant details
● What is its significance at the personal, societal, country level

Here are some tips that can help you write a good narrative essay

er
Choose a story that is Make an outline of the Extra point
about the topic or plot before you begin Usa appropriate

nt
theme that you have -this will help you put words
been assigned or you your story in order.
have chosen.

Describe the important

Ce
Describe the setting in Usually, the third
ish
characters such that a manner that the person, i.e. he, she, it ,
people can see them. readers feel that they is used along with
are seeing the scene common and proper
gl

nouns (boy, Salim).

En

Make sure your theme is clearly illustrated in the story.

E

In narrative essays, it is important to, keep the readers' interest/ attention.

M

Your narrative essays should leave the reader with something to think
about.

Exercise1
Individually, read the story given below:

Two Brothers

Tanveer and Junaid were twin brothers. They both looked exactly alike but, in personality, they
were quite different in nature Junaid always thought carefully before doing anything while

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

Tanveer did things without thinking. Their father thought of a plan to make Tanveer realize that
he should think before doing things

One day, he called the two brothers and told them that he had saved enough money to buy one
of them a bicycle. Since he had money only for one bicycle, he had decided to set up a
competition. The one who would win the competition would get the bicycle. The competition was
that both of them should set out right after the morning prayers and walk a distance as much as
each one could and return by sunset. The one who would manage to complete the task would
get the prize. Both the twins readily agreed.

Next morning, both the brothers set off. As usual, Tanveer sprinted off in order to cover a greater
distance and win the prize. But Junaid held back and thought about what he should do before
setting off.

er
Tanveer ran far ahead, to the end of the town and further, because he wanted the prize. Junaid,

nt
on the other hand, walked until midday and turned around to return home. When Tanveer felt
that the had run far enough and Junaid would never be able to catch up with him, he turned

Ce
around to return home. Unfortunately, because he had been running so fast, Tanveer was very
tired, so the return was slower. When he finally returned home, long after sunset, he found that
Junaid was already home.
ish
Tanveer demanded his prize for running very far but his father pointed out that he hadn't
returned within the time he was supposed to be back, therefore, the prize would be given to
gl

Junaid because he had completed the task according to instructions.

En

After you have read the story,work in pairs and orally discuss the following
questions. The discussion will prepare you for the writing task that follows.
E
M

Questions / Answers

a) Why was the twins' father worried

A) Tanveer and Junaid were twin brothers and their father worried about Tanveer because
Tanveer did not think before doing anything.
b) What did he decide to do?
A) Father of Tanveer and Junaid decided that he would do competition between them for
learning lesson to tanveer.

c) Who won the competition? Why did he win?

A) Junaid won the competition because he returns home before sunset.

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

d) Who lost the competition? Why did he lose?

A) Tanveer lost the competition because he didn't return home before sunset.

e) What lesson do you think Tanveer learnet?

A) Tanveer learnt the lesson that before doing anything we ought to think about it carefully.

Exercise 2
Imagine that you are Tanveer's teacher. You wanted him to win but he was
not successful. What do you think he should do/ not to do?

Write a narrative essay keeping the following points in mind:

er
● Explain the reason for the competition.

nt
● State what he did and why.
● Describe what his brother did.
●
●
Explain who won the competition and why.
Identify the mistakes that Tanveer made.
Ce
ish
● Express your regret and explain how you would like him to change.
gl
En

Narrative essay

Tanveer and Junaid were twin brothers. They were exactly same in face but opposite in nature.
E

Tanveer was careless and Junaid was careful boy. Father of tanveer and Junaid wanted that
M

Tanveer also became the careful boy as Junaid. Father of tanveer and Junaid did the
competition between both boy and Junaid won the competition because he was careful and
work according to his father instructions and Tanveer lost the competition but Tanveer got the
lesson that before doing any work we must thought about the work that is way father did
competition between Tanveer and Junaid.

Tanveer was too careless. In the competition he didn't make plan. He started to run and he
covered a lots of distance Junaid but he came after sunset and he lost the competition.

If Tanveer made the plan before competition. He would win the competition and the bicycle. He
did these things for winning the competition.

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

Tanveer's brother Junaid was deep thinker and made plan before doing any work due to his
intelligence. He completed his work so well and acquired appreciation from his father.Tanveer
father like Junaid's nature.

Junaid won the competition easily because he made plan before competition. He came home
before sunset and ran until midday and returned to home. He fulfilled his father instruction that
is why Junaid won the competition easily and Tanveer lost.

Tanveer was not deep thinker. He did lots of mistake. First He didn't make plan for competition.
Second he ran fast and far in the start of competition due to this he came home slowly slowly
after sunset and lost the competition and bicycle

I regret and think if tanveer made plan for competition. He would win the bicycle because he

er
wanted to get the bicycle. In the end Tanveer ought to develop the thinking ability then he would
become the successful man and win the lots of competition and bicycle.

nt
Exercise 3
Ce
Work in groups of three. Think of one story related to you or someone you
know quite well. Share your stories with each other.
ish

Select one of the stories for writing a narrative account. Then, follow the
gl

steps given below to write a narrative essay.

En

● Brainstorm
● Selecta topic for the essay, based on the story selected.
● Decide why you want to tell that story.
E

● Select the points/ideas that you want to include.

M

● Prepare an outline of the story; be clear about the order in which you
plan to tell the story and how you want to conclude it
● Write the introductory paragraph, giving the background and
purpose
● Narrate the incident.
● Relate the incident to the purpose.
● Write the concluding paragraph.
● Edit your work for organization of ideas, correctness of grammar and
punctuation, and appropriate introductory and concluding
paragraphs.

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

Narrative Essay

Outline of the essay

1) First cousin marriage.

2) Date of marriage.
3) Decorations of the marriage.
4) Marriage feast.
5) Father and uncle receive guest
6) My cousin RUKHSATI

er
A Family Wedding

nt
My cousin was the first child to be married in the family. Her marriage was celebrated with great

Ce
enthusiasm. Preparations for the marriage started one month before the celebration. My
parents, uncle and aunt spend a whole week making necessary purchases the whole house
was repainted.
A celebration in a family gives pleasure to all the members of the family. Friends and relatives
ish
also attend the occasion and share the pleasure. I draw immense pleasure when the marriage
ceremony of my cousin was held. It was performed on 25th of the last month. That is why I am
gl

telling you the story

There was great excitement and joy among us to see the preparations for the wedding
En

celebration in our family. Decorations were made on the day before the marriage ceremony. An
electrician with his for assistante decorated the house with a number of multi coloured electric
lamps.
The space was meant for the marriage feast. Rows of table were arranged on three sides. The
E

tables were covered with white sheets of cloth. on one side chairs were arranged for the guests
M

sweets were made and kept for the guests.

The feast on the date of marriage was very delicious. My parents were very busy. My aunt and
uncle were also terribly engaged in different work our relatives were making our house noisy
place.
My father and uncle stood at the gate to receive the guests. The barat arrived at nine in the
evening, first the guests were served sweet and cold drinks. Many guests had brought different
gifts for my cousin who was the bride.
After Nikah and dinner it was the time to RUKHSATI we cried when my cousin parted with us
and went to her new house.

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

Summary writing

A summary gives brief information about a topic. Here are some basic rules
to follow when writing a summary of a given passage:

Do's Don'ts

Include all the main ideas. Do not reproduce sentences

Select points from all the from the original text
paragraph Do not repeat any point idea
limit your summary by not Do not introduce new ideas
including all the details. Do not criticize

er
Use simple short sentences Do not change anything given
living sections points with in the original text

nt
appropriate linking words Do not give an opinion

Exercise 4
Ce
ish
Work in pairs. Read the following passage and underline the main ideas/
words in each paragraph; do not include any details. The first paragraph
has been done as an example.
gl
En

Moen-jo-Daro or the "Mound of the Dead' is one of the oldest cities in the world. Few people live
there today, but 4,500 years ago, it was a large, busy city. It is in the province of Sindh, at a
distance of 27 kilometres from Larkana, on the right bank of the Indus River. It was one of the
early urban settlements in the world. The city was built around 2600 BC. It was one of the
E

largest city- settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization of south Asia. The Indus Valley
M

Civilization developed around 3000 BC, from the prehistoric Indus culture. At its height, the
Indus Civilization spanned much of what is now Pakistan and North India.

Nobody knew anything about Moen-jo-Daro until 1922, when some villagers found pieces of old
smooth pots and old bricks at the place where the city was discovered. These pieces of old pots
and bricks were brought to Sir John Marshall, an English civil servant, whose work it was to look
after historical remains. When he looked at them, he at once knew that they were pieces of very
old pots. He decided that the area should be dug up as there might be remains of an old city.

So, the men started digging and as they dug, more and more such pieces came up, till there
appeared, bit by bit, a city of straight roads, and well-built houses. When the people saw all this
coming up, from what they had so far taken to be only mounds of clay and sand, they were very

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UNIT 2.4 WRITING

surprised and excited. Each house was made of large baked bricks and had a bathroom and
servant quarters closed by. Covered drains ran beside the streets. Even the streets were made
of baked bricks. There was a wide road in the middle of which had shops on both sides. This
road continued on to the houses of the workmen.

The people of this city must have been great traders, with the river Indus so near and the sea
within easy reach. The country side must have been fertile since wheat, rice and cotton grew
there. The farmers also kept cattle. There were skilled craftsmen who made things from gold,
silver and ivory. Clay dolls and carts were made for the children to play with.

For a long time, these people lived a happy life. They were quite rich and travelled from place to
place on business or for pleasure. Their city was well- planned and clean. The rain water did not
remain on the streets. We do not know what happened to them. Either they were raided from

er
the north or some great earthquake destroyed them.

nt
Exercise 5
Work in pairs. Use the underlined key words and write a summary of the

Ce
above passage. Look at the Do's and Don'ts given in the boxes above.

You may begin like this:

ish

Moen-jo-Daro, in Sindh, was one of the largest cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. This
gl

civilization developed around 3000 BC, in areas that today form Pakistan and North India.
Moen-jo-Daro, one of the oldest cities in the world, was built around 2600 BC.
En

In 1922 , some villages found pieces of all ports and breaks. When Sir John Marshall who was
looking after historical remains, looked those pieces, he decided to dig up the area..
E

After digging a city of straight roads and well built houses appeared. Houses and streets were
M

made of baked bricks. There was a wide road which had shops on both sides. This road lead to
the workmen's houses.

The people of this city were trades. They used to grow wheat and cotton. Their craftsmen made
things from gold, silver, and ivory. Clay toys were also found.

They were rich and travelled a lot. The city was well planned and clean. We are not sure either
some attacked them or the earthquake destroyed them.

After you have written the summary, exchange your work with another pair.
Read each others' work and give feedback, stating what is good and what
needs to be changed.

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UNIT 2.5 STUDY SKILLS

Editing practice ( continued )

There are many types of activities that can help sharpen or editing skills.
One such activity in the C-text in this activity incomplete words have to be
completed by using the context for clued to gases what the world might be

Exercise 1
The following passage is about The Duties of a Good Citizen'. Beginning
from the second word of the second sentence half or sometimes half plus
one extra letters have been removed from every second word. Work in
pairs and first orally complete all the words. Once you have done so, write

er
the complete passage in your notebook.

nt
The Duties of a Good Citizen

Ce
If we just think for a minute, about the things and services we use in one day, we shall realize
how much we owe to society. The milkman brings milk for us the baker bakes the bread the
ish
printer prints our books; the driver drives the bus in which we go to school or the place of
work. The teacher teaches the pupils at school the doctor treats the sick and sick and the
shopkeeper sells articles of daily use. The traffic police regulate the traffic so that we may
gl

travel without any fear of accident

En

We must repay society for all the gifts. If a milkman mixes water in the milk how can he expect
other members of Society to treat him fairlt , if a shopkeeper gives share measure of salls
sub-stansard goods,
E

He must be prepared to get the same kind of treatment from others if we ignore traffic rules we
M

not only in danger the lives of other but our own as well.

Many benefits we enjoy are provided by our own country and society. It is, therefore our duty
to be loyal and patriotic to Pakistan. We should pay our taxes properly, fully and honestly so
that we may continue to enjoy all society benefits.

Islam lays great stress on our duties and citizen the Holy prophet (peace be upon him) once
said "God lay so much strees on the rights of our neighbors that I almost thought they would get
the right of inheritance in our property". In short, we cannot be good Muslim without being good
and dutiful citizens.

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UNIT 2.5 STUDY SKILLS

Exercise 2
You are the editor of your school magazine. Work in pairs to edit the
following passage for the school magazine.

Ans

Students have mainly three basic duties. They must obey their parents teachers and elders.
Students must help their parents in simple home chores. they must not become unresponsive
to parents or teachers.
Students must follow the standard discipline. They must establish a routine with studying. They
lean and practise good manners and habits. They must focus on their studies. Regular reading

er
should be a part of their daily routine and this reading habit makes them more intelligent and
knowledgeable and moreover, it also improves their overall language skills and vocabulary.

nt
Besides study they must exercise daily. They avoid watching too much TV. They must be polite
and respectful towords every one. They must eat healthy food and avoid eating food that is
unhealthy.
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 2.6 FUN

Recitation and Visual Presentation of a Poem

Exercise 1
Here is one of Shah Latif's poems, translated by Elsa Kazi. Work in groups
of four and recite it. Each group should read one verse only.

Rain
The rain pours on the desert sands
On hills and vales around;
At early dawn we rise to hear,
The churns soft, humming sound-

er
The hands are full of butter, wives

nt
With merriment abound-
Each buffalo for milking brought;
Athwart the grassy ground;
In thatches here we never found
Mistress and mind so glad!
Ce
ish
Season's Orchestra's in full swing,
Fresh showers ease the mind;
gl

On mountain-side so green with grass;

Cattle abundance find;
En

Gay herdsmen's wives about their necks

Of blossoms garlands wind;
E

Cucumbers, mushrooms, vegetables

M

Food of every kind;

Lord! Days of dearth let lie behind,
Ne'er let them reach the earth.

Ans
This exercise relates to reading. Full explanation in YouTube channel in
(ME English Center)

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UNIT 2.6 FUN

Exercise 2
Continue working in the same groups of four and draw the scene described
in the verse that you recited, on a chart paper. Colour or paint the picture,
Write the verse in beautiful and fancy writing on the chart.

All the charts will be displayed in the class and the group with the best
drawing will be the winner.

Ans

er
This exercise relates to drawing. Students will draw beautiful drawing according to instructions
which is exercise 2 and make sure every student participate fully .

nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 3.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

While wedding

Exercise 1
Read the text and write the answers to the following questions in your
notebooks.

1) How many characters are there in the story?

A) There are thirteen characters in the story.

2) Write their names.

er
Ans)
1. Jameel

nt
2. Jameel's father
3. Jameel's mo
4. Sara
5. Khalid
6. Aunt Sadori
Ce
ish
7. Allah Bachayo
8. Uncle Sarmad
9. Uncle Noor Ali
gl

10. Allah Dinno

En

11. First Child of Sara

12. Second Child of Sara
13. Jameel's Wife
E
M

Exercise 2
Read the text and find out who said the following words? Compare your
answers with your partner.

Dialogue Speaker
1) You don't seem ok. Let's have dinner then Jameel's father
we will talk about it.

2) Only men have to worry about earning for Jameel

their families.

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UNIT 3.1 READING COMPREHENSION

3) We don't get education only for earning Khalid

money.

4) We can ask Allah Bachayo, to take you to Jamerl's mother

the city in his horse cart.

5) You people have done so much for me, I Aunt Sadori

think now it's my turn to return the favour.

6) Can I really go and study in the city? Sara

7) Jameel can go but Sara should stay here Jameel's father

and help her mother.

8) Ok, son, I will follow your advice. Uncle Noor Ali

er
9) No, there are no more patients. Allah Dinno

nt
10) Come on, let's have lunch. Jameel's wife

Vocabulary Ce
ish
Exercise 3
Work in pairs. Read the text and underline the bold words given in the
following exercise in your text books. Discuss and guess their meanings.
gl

After you have guessed all the meanings, check out your answers from the
En

glossary given at the end of the book. Write the meanings in the given
blanks.
E

1. The word shabby means in poor condition through much use or being badly cared for.
2. The word collapsed means to sit or lie down and relax, especially after working
M

heart, etc.
3. The word reluctantly means unwilling, therefore slow to act, agree, etc
4. The word preoccupied means not paying attention because thinking or worrying
about something else.

5. The word obligatory means compulsory.

6. The word siblings means brothers and sisters.
7. The word realize means to make one's dreams, ideas, plans, etc, happen remember
8. The word weathered means brown, rough and lined or damaged skin because one
has spent a lot of time outside in the sun and wind.
9. The word impressive means. worth admiring.
10. The word backdrop means background.
11. The word hosted means organised an event.

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UNIT 3.1 READING COMPREHENSION

12. The word borne means put up with

Exercise 4
Fill the blanks in the following exercise with the words given in bold in
Exercise 3. You can use each word only once. Compare your answers with
your partner after you have completed. The first blank has been filled as an
example.

The old woman reluctantly got up from her bed. She had borne many difficulties but now her
weathered hands could not lift heavy things. She got up and looked out of the, window. As she
looked, a smile came to her lips when she saw the big, impressive , beautiful lawn, with plants

er
and creepers, and mango trees serving as a backdrop
She collapsed on her bed once again and became preoccupied with her thoughts. She

nt
thought of her shabby , old house, her five siblings and how her they always used to offer their
obligatory prayers. She also recalled how her mother always hosted meetings for the village

Ce
women to teach them various skills. She thought about how she always dreamed of owning a
big house with a big garden. Thinking of those times and the life she had now, she thanked God
for making it possible for her to realize her dreams.
ish

Exercise 5
gl

Write short answers to the following questions in your notebook.

En

Short Questions / Answers

E

1) What was Jameel's father doing when he came home?

M

A) Jameel's father was taking a cup of tea when he came home.

2) Where did the family have dinner?

A) The family dinnered in courtyard in front of the shabby mud house.

3) Where did Jameel and Sara go to study?

A) Jameel and Sara went to study in city of Aunt's sadori house.

4) Where did they build the hospital?

A) They built the hospital in their village.

5) How many children did Sara have?

A) Sara had two children

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UNIT 3.1 READING COMPREHENSION

6) Which vehicle did they travel in ?

A) they traveled in a horse carts.

Exercise 6
Answer the following questions

Detail Questions / answers

1) Why do you think nobody spoke while eating dinner?

A) Nobody spoke during dinner because they all were considering that the marks of Jameel
were not good and his father also said that he would speak with him after dinner that is why

er
he was upset for these reasons nobody spoke during dinner.

nt
2) Why was Jameel upset?
A) Jameel was upset about his career because he wanted to become a doctor but financial

Ce
problems were not allowing him to fulfil his dream.

3) Why do you think Sara tried to hide her feelings?

ish
A) Sara too disappointed about her father's answer but she respected her father. She did not
wanted to disagree from father, so she tried to hide her feelings.
gl

4) Both Sara and Jameel had to pass every test in the first go. Why was it so?
A) Both Sara and Jameel had to pass every test in the first go because their financial condition
En

was not good. If they had failed they would have to leave education.

5) How did Sara and Jameel, and their family, manage the expenses for their studies?
E

A) To meet the expenses both of them gave tuitions to children in the neighborhood. Their
parents never let them the problems they faced during all this time. In the fourth year,
M

father and Khalid had to sell a big piece of fertile land to pay their fees.

6) How did life change for Jameel's family and the villagers?
A) After completing doctory or MBBS both Sara and Jameel helped the villagers and also their
family. Both Jameel and Sara examined poor villagers and other neighbouring villagers
and Jameel help his family financially fully stops

7) How was Sara educating the village woman?

A) Sara had hosted a successful seminar for the village woman and guided them to improve
their personal and family health and hygiene. Sara examined the woman of village.

8) What lessons do we get from the story?

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UNIT 3.1 READING COMPREHENSION

A) We must do hard work for achieving our dreams, however there will be too much problems
in our way but we ought to hard work at last inspite of financial problem, family problems,
education problem or any problem we should work slowly slowly for our dreams and at last
we will realize our dreams.

Exercise 7

Think of what you want to become when you grow up. Develop a plan for
realizing your dream by answering the following questions.

Questions / answers

er
nt
1) Why do you want to become this?
A) I want to become an engineer because it is my dream, and engineer invents lots of things
which give comfort to people
Ce
2) What will you have to do to realise your dreams?
ish
A) I have to do lots of hard work and acquire good education for realizing my dream.

3) What are some of the factors that can help you in achieving your aim?
gl

A) The following are some factors which can help me in achieving my dream.
( 1 ) Family support. ( 2 ) Teacher support.
En

( 3 ) Hard work. ( 4 ) Books. ( 5 ) net.

4) What are some of the problems that might come in your way?
E

A) These are some problems that might come in my way.

( 1 ) Financial crisis.
M

( 2 ) Educational system of Pakistan.

( 3 ) Lack of guidance.

5) How will you overcome those problems?

A) I will overcome those problems by taking following steps
( 1 ) By giving tuition to others.
( 2 ) By selecting the good educational institutes.
( 3 ) By acquiring right guidance from right person.

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UNIT 3.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: expressing emotions and wishes

Often, emotions and wishes are expressed by using the word 'wish".
Wish is most commonly used to express a desire for something which is
not possible.

Example: I wish you were here. (Unfortunately, you're not, and I miss
you.)
Wish is also used in greetings and expressions of goodwill.

Example: We wish you a "Happy Eid."

er
Wish you a safe and pleasant journey.
Sometimes wish is used to express regret.

nt
Example:. I wish you had done the work. (You didn't do the work and I
am annoyed because of that) Ce
ish
Exercise 1
Work in pairs and practise the following dialogue. First one student should
gl

take the role of Student A and the other of Student B. Then change roles
En

and repeat the dialogue. Use your real names instead of saying Student A
and Student B.
E
M

Student A Student B
Assalamo Alaikum, Basit. We missed you Wa Alaikum Assalam, Ali I am sorry. Wish
yesterday at the party. you a very happy birthday.

I wish you had been able to come. It was a Yes, I know the party was good. Everyone
nice party. enjoyed it. I wish I had come.

Yes, you really missed it. I know, but I had some urgent work.

When are you going to Islamabad? I am going tomorrow evening.

Wish you a safe journey. Thank you

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UNIT 3.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Exercise 2
Work in groups of four. Take a piece of paper. Cut it into 16 pieces. Write
the numbers 1, 2, 3, and so on, till16, on each piece. Fold these slips and
put them on the table.

Now, this is what you do:

1. Take turns and pick one slip
2. Call out the number on the slip
3. Read the statement having the same number in the following section.
4. Express your wish in the given situation i.e impossible thing, wish,

er
regret
5. Keep the used slip on one side

nt
6. Other members of the group do the same, i.e. every student says 4
statements
Ce
7. If there is time, you can play this game all over again
Example: You pick a slip with number 5 written on it. Read statement 5, "It
ish
is Eid day today." You can say, "Wish you a happy Eid" or any other similar
statement. Using the words 'wish'.
gl

1) it's your friend's birthday today.

(Wish you a very happy birthday my dear friend.)
En

2) Your friend can't come to your brother's wedding.

( I wish my friend had been my brother's wedding.)
E
M

3) You did not get good marks in your exam.

( I wish I got good marks by doing hard work.)

4) Your cousins are going to Gilgit for their holidays.

( Wish you a safe and pleasant holiday. )

5) It is Eid day today.

( Wish you a happy Eid.)

6) Your teacher is upset because you did not study hard.

( I wish I studied heart.)

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UNIT 3.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

7) You cannot participate in the school sport's day events.

( I wish I participated in the school sport's day event and enjoy it.)

8) One of your classmates is celebrating Christmas.

( Wish you a ----)

9) You have an upset stomach because you ate sweets on which there were flies.
( I wish I didn't eat these dirty sweets.)

10) It is Independence Day today.

( This you are happy independence Day )

11) Your cousin has just got married.

er
( I wish I gave a gift to him at his wedding.)

nt
12) You have malaria because you did not protect yourself from mosquitoes.
( I wish I wore full slip clothes to protect myself from mosquitoes.)

13) One of your close friends is going to Dubai

Ce
ish
( Wish you a happy journey to you.)

14) Your brother or sister is going for a job interview.

gl

( I wish your interview will be successful.)

En

15) Your neighbors are celebrating Diwali.

( Wish you a -----)
E

16) There is no electricity and you cannot watch and interesting cricket match.
( I wish there is electricity, and I can watch the interesting cricket match.)
M

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UNIT 3.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Types of sentences

In English we have different types of sentences. Each type is used for a

specific purpose. Below are two sentence types and the purpose for which
each type is used.

1. Declarative Sentences are sentences that are generally called

statements. They can be affirmative or negative.

For example:
● I'm tired. I'm not tired.

er
● Raheel is hungry. Raheel isn't hungry.
● I have four pencils. I don't have four pencils.

nt
●
2. Interrogative Sentences are what we call question forms and are used to
Ce
make enquires, to confirm information, and so on. They can be affirmative
or negative.
ish
For example
● Are you hungry? Aren't you hungry?
gl

● Did you do your homework? Didn't you do your homework?

En

● Have you washed the dishes? Haven't you washed the dishes
as yet
E
M

Exercise 1
Below is a list of sentences. Against each one write what type of sentence
it is. For example: 'declarative affirmative' or 'interrogative negative' and so
on. The first one has been done for you as an example.

1. Sabi ha is shivering ( declarative affirmative )

2. Are we going to the football field? ( Interrogative affirmative )
3. The stranger was not calling from the hospital. ( Declarative negative )
4. Will you come to my house tomorrow to study? ( Interrogative affirmative )
5. I like to play cricket. ( Declarative affirmative )
6. Isn't this your book? ( Interrogative negative )

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UNIT 3.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

7. Aren't you the girl who won the gold medal? ( Interrogative negative )
8. Juman doesn't like to play hockey. ( Declarative negative )

Exercise 2
Change all the affirmative sentences in exercise 1 into negative and all the
negative ones into affirmative.

1) Sabiha is shivering
( Sabiha is not shivering )

2) Are we going to the football field?

( Aren't we going to the football field?)

er
3) The stranger was not calling from the hospital.

nt
( The stranger was calling from the hospital.)

4) Will you come to my house tomorrow to study?

Ce
( Will not you come to my house tomorrow to study?)
ish
5) I like to play cricket.
( I don't like to play cricket.)
gl

6) isn't this your book?

En

( Is this your book?)

7) Aren't you the girl who won the gold medal?

( Are you the girl who won the gold medal?)
E
M

8) juman doesn't like to play hockey.

( Juman likes to play hockey.)

Exercise 3
Look at the following sentences. The key word in all of them is apples.
1. Apples are good for health. (declarative affirmative)
2. These apples are not good for health. (declarative negative)
3. Are these apples tasty? (interrogative affirmative)
4. Aren't these apples raw? (interrogative negative)

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UNIT 3.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Step 1.
Work in groups of four. First, individually, think of a word (table, television,
book, etc.). Write a declarative, affirmative sentence using this word. Write
this sentence on a sheet of paper and underline the main word. When
everyone in the group has written a sentence, pass the sheet to the student
sitting on your right.

Step 2.
Look at the sentence you have received, look at the main noun and write a
declarative negative sentence using that noun (as shown in the example
above).

er
Step 3.

nt
Once everyone has written, again pass the sheet to the student on the
right, follow the same process: look at the key noun and write an
interrogative affirmative sentence. Ce
ish
Step 4.
Continue the process, until all four members of the group have written the
four types of sentences and you get your sheet back.
gl
En

Step 5.
Edit the sentences for any spelling, grammar, or punctuation error and
write them in your notebooks.
E

Repeat these two more times using different key nouns, so that all of you
M

have twelve sentences in your notebook.

( Ans )
1. I read the books often. ( Declarative affirmative )
2. I would not like horror story books. ( Declarative negative )
3. Did you read my books? ( Interrogative affirmative )
4. Wouldn't you like to read books? ( Interrogative negative )

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UNIT 3.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Revision: Use of the Articles a, an, the

Exercise 4
Fill the following blanks with a, an, the, where necessary. Remember that
(a / an) are used with countable singular nouns and the is used in a number
of places, for example: when referring to a particular thing, before
superlative degrees, when using two comparative degrees together, before
the names of rivers, seas, mountains, etc., before titles, nationalities,
names of institutions, communities, and so on.

er
1) I know that the Indus is the longest river in - Pakistan.
2) In order to learn a language, we need two things; a good teacher and the will to work.

nt
3) The capital of - Pakistan is - Islamabad.
4) Some people have - bicycles, some have a car, I have - both.
5)
6) Ce
In many countries, children - go to - school at. the age of five.
They are studying - geography, and in particular the geography of the United Arab
Emirates.
ish
7) Her friend loves eating an orange at breakfast time, an apple with her lunch, and a
banana at dinner time.
8) My mother says the more you exercise, the better your health.
gl

9) The Chinese are helping the Pakistanis to build a road from - Gwadar to the Chinese
border.
En

10) A intelligent person always thinks before speaking, but many - people just say whatever
comes to their mind.
E

Exercise 5
M

Work with a partner and fill in the following blanks with the correct articles,
where necessary. There are five extra blanks, where an article is not
needed.

In a poor zoo of Pakistan, a lion was very sad as he was given only one kg of meat a day.
The lion thought he was the luckiest lion on earth when one day the manager of the Dubai
Zoo visited the zoo
where the lion was and requested the zoo management to shift the lion to the Dubai Zoo. The
lion was very happy and started - thinking of having an air conditioned cage and a goat to
eat every day.

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UNIT 3.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

On its first day after arrival, the lion was offered a big bag, sealed very nicely, for breakfast.
The lion opened it quickly but was shocked to see that the bag contained - few bananas only.
The lion thought that since he had recently come from Pakistan, may be the zoo management
were worried about upsetting his - stomach so they had given him - bananas.
The next day the same thing happened. On the third day again when the same food bag of
bananas was given to him. The lion stopped the delivery boy and shouted at him, "Don't you
know I am a lion, the king of the jungle? What's wrong with the management of this zoo?
What - nonsense is this? Why are you delivering bananas to me?"
The delivery boy politely said, 'Sir, I know you are the king of the jungle. But... you have been
brought here on a monkey's visa!!! '
The moral of the story is, better to be a lion in your own - country than a monkey
elsewhere.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

Informal Emails

Informal emails are written to family, friends and colleagues (people with
whom we work). Emails are different from letters. They are usually brief and
to the point. The language used in such emails is informal.

(1)
To: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: sport day practice

Assalam-o-Alaikum.

er
Please let me know whether you will be going to school next Saturday for the Sports Day
practice. If you are going, we can plan to go together. Otherwise, I'll have to ask my

nt
brother to go with me.
Iqbal.

(2 ) Ce
ish
To: [email protected]
Cc:
gl

Subject: maths homework

En

Dear Adil,
I am having some difficulty in solving some of the maths problems that our teacher gave
us as holiday homework. I know you are very good at maths so I need your help. We can
E

work at my place or yours, whatever is convenient for you. Please let me know the date
and time so that I can plan my other things accordingly.
M

Regards
Kapoor

(3)

To: [email protected]
Cc:
Subject maths homework

Sunil,

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

I would be happy to help you with your maths homework. But, I also need your help with
my science project. You always have such brilliant ideas! So, what do you say, we meet
at 4 o'clock on Saturday, at your place. Tell your mother that I am looking forward to
having the lovely savouries she makes for us whenever we sit down to study.
See you on Saturday. Bye.
Adil

(4)

To: [email protected]; [email protected]; sita_ [email protected];

[email protected]; [email protected]; chandalalmal@ gmail.com
Cc: [email protected]; [email protected]

er
Subject: wedding invitation

nt
This is to inform all of you that Saira's brother is getting married on Sunday, October 15,
2017, at 1 :00 pm. Since she is very busy, she has asked me to invite all of you to the

Ce
wedding. We can all meet at my house by 12 noon and then go to Saira's house together.
Please let me know if you are planning to come or not, so that we do not wait for
someone who is not coming.
ish
I hope everyone can come. We will have great fun and Saira will be happy!
Nadia
gl

Exercise 1
En

Look at all the emails above and complete the following table in your
notebook.
E

Email no. Sent by Sent to Cc to Subject

M

1 Iqbal Fareed.Khan Sohail. Ali @ Sport day

@gmail.com yahoo.com practice

2 Kapoor Adil88@gmail. ------- maths

com homework

3 Adil Kapoor.Sunil -------- maths

hotmail.com homework

4 Nadia Shahidaji Saira.guddu@ Wedding

@gmail.in com yahoo.com invitation

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

After you have completed, work with your partner. Read the above informal
emails. Note the differences of conventions, vocabulary, style, and tone.
Discuss the following aspects:

Questions / Answers

1) Do All the emails begin in the same manner?

A) All emails were started to different format only email no one was started with Salam.

2) Do all of them end in the same manner?

A) All emails were not finished at same format but every sanders mentioned his name in the
last.

er
3) How is the style of these emails different from a letter to a friend?

nt
A) Emails are totally different then letters, emails are brief but letters are details full. If we write
letters to a friend we ask about his health, family and study but in these emails Sanders are
asking only about one topic.
Ce
4) Is the language use and vocabulary same or different? how?
ish
A) The vocabulary and language in email are same as that of letter but in email we use the
easy or simple words as compare to letter.
gl

5) Did you notice what is written in the subject line?

A) We noticed that the title of email is written in the subject line.
En

Exercise 2
E

Work individually and write an informal email to a friend/ class fellow

M

asking/ requesting for something that you need. Follow the format given in
the emails above.
Once you have completed, edit your work for correct spellings, grammar,
and punctuation. Also check to see that it is an informal email and not a
letter.
Next, exchange your email with your partner. Read each other's work and
give useful feedback. Make changes in your email after you receive
feedback, if needed.

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

( Informal email )

To: [email protected]
Cc:
Subject: request for meeting

Salam. Hasan
I heard you passed your exams. I just want to say Congratulation! You did a great job, and I
really proud of you. Maybe you heard, but I passed too. It was hard to work, wasn't it ? I am
exhausted now, but we got through it and we did it OK, perhaps we can meet up soon to
celebrate?
I can't wait to hear from you
love

er
FAIZ

nt
Exercise 3
Ce
Read the following compare and contrast essay. Notice how the
introductory, body and concluding paragraphs are written. Underline the
ish
words that show similarity and those that show the differences. Once you
have done this, discuss with your partner how a compare and contrast
essay is written.
gl
En

( Autumn vs Spring )

There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. But when it comes to
E

culture and practices, one often sees two seasons receiving more attention than the others.
M

These two seasons are spring and autumn. In many parts of the world, the arrival of these two
seasons is celebrated in various ways. However, there are obvious differences between the two
seasons.

Spring is the time of the year when the weather is considered as absolutely perfect, because the
air is still cool, yet, it is pleasantly cool, a coolness that allows one to enjoy the weather, without
getting cramped due to the cold or exhausted due to the heat. The spring season is also
associated with rebirth.This is the time of the year when winter comes to an end and activity
begins in plant, animal and human life. One can see new leaves on plants and colourful buds on
trees that slowly change to green. Animals that sleep or slow down their activities in winter, start
becoming more active, searching for food and preparing for an active summer life Humans also

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

become more active, with some getting the land ready for growing crops, and others doing work
that has to be done before the heat of summer drains their energy. Along with work, many
people also find time to enjoy the lovely spring weather.

Autumn, on the other hand, gives the signal that summer is over.it is the time of the year when
preparation for the winter starts. The leaves of the plants start changing colours once again, but
this time they change into different shades of yellow, brown and red, and begin to fall off. The
trees, instead of getting fully covered, as in spring, start shedding leaves and, ultimately,
become barren, with a few leaves or none left at all. The animals start hoarding their food in
preparation for the winter. The people have to work faster to get home quicker, as the days get
shorter and night falls very quickly. Those working in the fields get busy reaping their crops and
selling or storing their crops. In some parts of the world, people gather around fires and have
fun.

er
All in all, spring gives the signal that winter has ended, and autumn gives the signal that

nt
summer is over. With spring comes the message of a new beginning, with green plants and
trees. With autumn come the falling green, red and brown leaves and barren trees. Spring is a

Ce
call for action, and autumn announces more resting time, with longer winter nights about to
come.
ish
Exercise 4
Work with a partner and write a compare and contrast essay on any one of
gl

the following topics:

● Summer and Winter
En

● Pet and wild animals

● City and village life
E

● Good neighbours and bad neighbours

M

Here are some basic steps to fallow:

a) Brainstorm for ideas

b) Select the similar and contrasting points that you want to discuss in
the essay
c) Write an introductory paragraph stating some general facts and a clear
thesis statement at the end of the paragraph. The thesis statement
should contain all the key ideas that are to be covered.
d) Use a separate paragraph for each topic area.

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

e) Write a clear topic sentence for each key idea.

f) Incorporate similar and contrasting facts and ideas and the impact of
these.
g) Add a closing or summary paragraph with a signalling closing word or
phrase (to sum up, in the end, etc.), synthesis of the central idea,
synthesis of each supporting idea, and a general concluding statement
giving an idea, suggestion, recommendation, etc.
h) Use correct conventions of grammar and punctuation
i) Use appropriate vocabulary
j) Edit your work to see that you have covered pints c --- h, given above

er
Summer and Winter

nt
The four seasons are like a decoration to the earth. It makes the nature more beautiful

Ce
sometimes, people's daily activities depend on the weather. The habits and style of the life
change as the seasons very. Summer is the hottest season whereas winter is the coldest one.
People will carry out their daily activities based on the weather. These are a few ways how
ish
different seasons affect people's daily routine in terms of their food, Clothes and activities.

First of all, the type of food people consume during summer and winter. In summer, because the
gl

weather is so hot, people would prefer to eat cold food like ice cream keep them cold. However,
during winter, people will prefer to eat hot and spicy food which would help them to keep
En

themselves warm like steamboat, hot soup, curry laksa and more.

Besides that people's way of dressing also tends to change because of the different seasons.
E

during winter people will normally wear thick and warm clothes which are the most appropriate
M

attire to keep themselves not so cold. On the other hand, during summer people will usually
wear casual clothes like jeans, t-shirt, shorts, dress and sleeveless tops to keep them not so
warm.

As a conclusion, food, clothes and activities of people will be affected by the different seasons.
Summer and winter have their own characteristics. People Have different style of life during
these two seasons. They enjoy the hottest of summer and coldest of winter.

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

( Pet and wild animals )

When I compare and contrast pet and wild animals, I see many differences and similarities
between them. Firstly, pet animals are dependent on humans, but wild animals are independent
and self-sufficient. Most pet animals are kept in houses, farms or safe places. Therefore, they
are dependent on humans. Humans give food, supplies and care for their animals daily. Unlike
pet animals, wild animals are independent and they can live in natural habitats without human
interaction. Most of them are fast and skillful enough to hunt and gather their food.

Secondly, pet animals are mostly trained, but wild animals are fierce and dangerous. People can
train their animals by walking or exercising with them. They also can pet and show that they
love their animals but wild animals are very fierce. They kill and eat other weak animals for their
supper and sometimes fight with other animals, so wild animals are very dangerous and

er
ferocious.
In conclusion, pets and wild animals are very different when comparing their characters, what

nt
they eat, how they get their food, and the places they live. However, there are many similarities

Ce
too. Even though wild animals are independent, they are also protected by their own family.
Therefore both pets and wild animals are protected. Both animals either eat meat, grass and
foods that people buy for them. Some of the pet and wild animals produce food for people,
entertain them like in circus or zoos, ride people on their backs and some unique animals give
ish
knowledge to people when they learn about the animals. Therefore, both pet and wild animals
have many similarities and differences between them.
gl
En

( City and village life )

Sometimes, I think about where my own future house should be, in a city or in a village. I like to
E

live in the two areas because they have many different interesting aspects. Therefore I can't
M

make up my mind. After I compare the air, the technology and the school of the two areas, I
finally make a decision to live in a city.

The first thing I considered was the air. Both people from rural villages and City dwellers breathe
the same air. But that is where the similarities end. The air in the village is pure and more
serene then the air in the city because the village has lots of plants and few vehicles. Although
the city which has a lot of business centres of factories and help to improve the standard of
living, it also causes air pollution other reasons which cause air pollution are that the city usually
has lots of vehicles and people in the city cut lots of plants to make way for commercial
industrial and residential buildings.

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

Then, I pay a lot of attention to the technology. The technology to the village is similar to the
technology of the city. People who live in the two areas might have and use many different kinds
of technology such as smartphones iPhones, computers, laptops etc. However, people who live
in the city can have more opportunities to access to new technologies than people who live in
the village.

In a nutshell, after talking everything into consideration, I think I made the right decision. My
decision is that my future house will be in a city because I need to have a good and convenient
location for my studies. In addition, I like to see our or buy new products of technology as soon
as they are released. Therefore, I believe that I will probably be happier if I live in a city.

Exercise 5

er
Work individually, and write a compare and contrast essay on any
remaining topics from the four given in the exercise 4. Follow all the steps

nt
described above. Once you and your partner have completed your essay

Ce
exchange your work with each other. Read each other's work and provide
critical feedback on the points c--j, given above.
ish

( Good neighbours and bad neighbours )

gl

One cannot choose everything in life. The same is true for neighbours. It is simply a matter in
En

the hand of Allah. If one is lucky enough, one may be blessed with neighbours who are ready to
help and share problems and can be depended upon in time of need.
E

On the other hand, some of us have to put up with a bunch of trouble makers neighbours who
M

have nothing better to do than to be too interested in what is going on at the houses next who
are always eager to create an unpleasant scene or commotion.

The truth is one cannot isolate oneself completely from the people around. As our neighbours
are the people dwelling closest to us, we cannot naturally avoid communicating and socializing
with them. Good neighbours are those that are ready to lend you a hand when you are faced
with the problem or dilemma.

On the contrary. Uncooperative and selfish neighbours can directly make the neighbourhood an
accursed place to live in. Worst are those that can never keep to their business and simple love
violating the privacy of the People's lives. You can often find them peeping from their window or

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UNIT 3.4 WRITING

loitering by their front doors with a hungry gleam in their eyes. Keeping a lookout for everything
that might be happening next door.

In conclusion. In extreme cases, neighbors, for what would seem a trivial mistake, get ready to
shake their fists, and create uproar, often misunderstandings cause neighbors to view each
other as sworn enemies. This is generally mistaken as a sign of total disrespect for norms and
obligation

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 3.5 STUDY SKILLS

Men versus Women in Management positions

er
nt
Ce
Note : The line above shows figures for women and the below show figures
about Men
ish
Exercise 1
Look at the graph above and supply the following information. Compare
your answers with your partner.
gl
En

1) The percentage of women in the Senior Manager position is 56 .

2) The percentage of women in the Middle Manager position is 55 .
3) The percentage of men in the Executive Management position is 52 .
E

4) The percentage of men in the Senior Manager position is 50 .

5) The percentage of women in the Executive Management position is 57 .
M

6) The percentage of men in the Middle Manager position is 51 .

Exercise 2
Look at the graph above and answer the following questions in your
notebook. Discuss your answers with your partner.

1 ) In which position are there more men?

A) There are no more than men in any position.

2) In which position are there more women?

A) Executive management position have more women than men.

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UNIT 3.5 STUDY SKILLS

3) How much difference in percentage is there between men and women at the Senior
Manager level?
A)

er
nt
4) How much difference in percentage is there between men and women at the
Executive Management level?
A)
Ce
ish
gl
En

5). How much difference in percentage is there between men and women at the Middle
Manager level?
A)
E
M

6) At which position do we see the highest number of women?

A) in executive management.

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UNIT 3.5 STUDY SKILLS

7) At which position do we see the highest number of men?

A) No men have the highest number in any position.

8) At which position do we see the lowest number of women?

A) No woman have the lowest in any position women percentage is more than men in all
position

9) At which position do we see the lowest number of men?

A) In middle manager position men's have the lowest number.

10) What does the graph tell us about who is more capable, men or women?
A) According to the graph women are more capable.

er
Now, interpret information from the graph given below and do the exercises

nt
that follow
Education Levels and employment Rates
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

Note:People with less than a high school diploma are less educated than
those with a Bachelor's degree or more.

Exercise 3
Look at the graph above and supply the following information. Compare
your answers with your partner.

1) The percentage of unemployed women who are High School graduated is 9.0 .
2) The percentage of unemployed women with a Bachelor's degree or more is 4.7 .

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UNIT 3.5 STUDY SKILLS

3) The percentage of unemployed men with less than a high school diploma is 15.0 .
4) The percentage of unemployed men who have some college or Associate degree is 9.0 .
5) The percentage of unemployed women who have less than a high school diploma is 14.6 .
6) The percentage of unemployed men who have a Bachelor's degree or more 4.8 .
7) The percentage of unemployed women who have some college or Associate degree is 7.8 .
8) The percentage of unemployed men who are High School graduates is 11.3

Exercise 4
Look at the graph above and answer the following questions in your
notebook. Discuss your answers with your partner.

er
1) With what level of education are there more unemployed men?
A) Those men, Which have less than a high school diploma their unemployed rate is too

nt
much than other degree.

Ce
2) With what level of education are there more unemployed women?
A) Those women, which have less than a high school diploma their unemployed rate is too
much than other degree.
ish
3) With what level of education are there less unemployed men?
A) In Bachelor's degree or more there are less unemployed men than other degree.
gl

4) With what level of education are there less unemployed women?

En

A) In bachelor's degree or more there are less unemployed women than other degree

5. How much difference in percentage is there between unemployed men and women at
E

the High School graduates level?

M

A)

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UNIT 3.5 STUDY SKILLS

6. How much difference in percentage is there between unemployed men and women at
the less than a high school diploma level?
A)

7. How much difference in percentage is there between unemployed men and women at

er
the some college or Associate degree level?
A)

nt
Ce
ish
gl
En

8) How much difference in percentage is there between unemployed men and women at
the Bachelor's degree or more level?
A)
E
M

9) At which level of education do we see the highest number of unemployed women?

A) Highest number of unemployed women are in less than a high school diploma.

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UNIT 3.5 STUDY SKILLS

10) At which level of education do we see the highest number of unemployed men?
A) Highest number of unemployed men are in less than a high school diploma.

11) At which level of education do we see the lowest number of unemployed women?
A) Lowest number of unemployed women are in Bachelor's degree or more.

12) At which level of education do we see the lowest number of unemployed men?
A) Lowest number of unemployed men are in Bachelor's degree or more.

13) What does the graph tell us about the connection between the education level and
employment?
A) If persons have a university degree they will realise a jobs easily as compared to other
degrees.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 3.6 FUN

Creating a newspaper

Complete the questionnaire below. It is important for you to be honest

when selecting the answers to give you a true picture of yourself and your
health. Read the questions and put a tick mark (V) in the appropriate
column.

Sr . No Habit Never Sometimes Always

1 Do you eat a diet ✓
that includes fruits
and vegetables?

er
2 Do you brush your ✓
teeth twice a day?

nt
3 Do you bathe ✓

4
regularly?

Do you wash your

hands with soap
Ce ✓
ish
before eating and
after using the
toilet?
gl

5 Do you sleep 8 ✓
En

hours at night?

6 Do you use a ✓
handkerchief or
E

tissue while
coughing or 5 6
M

sneezing?

7 Do you wash your ✓

eyes with cold water
regularly?

8 Do you cut and ✓

clean your nails
reguarty?

9 Do you read while ✓

lying down?

10 Do you exercise ✓

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UNIT 3.6 FUN

regularly?

Work in groups of four. Select the questions from the questionnaire above
for which most of you answered 'never or 'sometimes'. You will have to
prepare a newspaper in which you must share information about why these
things should be given importance.
Think about the following:
1. Name of your newspaper
2. Articles, news items, stories that you will put in your newspaper
3. Advertisements related to your topic/ other advertisements
4. Pictures, quotes, jokes, etc. that you will use

er
5. Who will do what?Which group member will do what and by when?

nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

While Reading

Exercise 1
Complete the table given in task 2 of the Pre-Reading section: What did you
learn after reading the text?
Share your table with your partner.
2) Fill the first two columns of the following table about Quaid e Azam and
Allama Iqbal. After you have filled the two columns, share with your
partner

er
nt
What I think I know What I want to know What I learned
1) Quaid e Azam wanted to
make Pakistan best
country of the world.
Ce
1) I want to know about
Quaid e Azam's family.
1) In early day Quaid e Azam
the best ambassador of
Hindu Muslim unity.
ish
2) Allama Iqbal wanted to 2) I want to know Iqbal's 2) Allama Muhammad Iqbal
make Pakistan an Islamic poetry was also a barrister.
gl

state.
En

Exercise 2
Read the text and find out the names of the students who collected
E

information on the following topics. Write the answers in your notebook.

M

Personality and achievements of the Quaid

1. Personality and achievements of the Quaid ( Tahira )

2. Political acumen and contribution of Allama Iqbal (Ferheen)
3. The Quaid's aspirations for the Muslims ( Huma )
4. Allama Iqbal's aspirations for the Muslims ( Tahira )
5. Personality and achievements of Allam Iqbal ( Lubna )
6. The Quaid's political acumen and contribution. ( Tahira )

For Exercise 3, make sure that the students understand how they are
supposed to work.

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Vocabulary

Exercise 3
Read the text. Find the following words and underline them.
1) dynamic having a lot of energy
2) steadfastness firmly staying on one path
3) guiding principles rules that set the direction one takes
4) unparalleled so great that there is nothing else like it
5) undesired unacceptable / unwelcome
6) acumen the ability to understand things quickly and clearly
7) proponent a person who supports a cause
8) polarization separation into two opposite groups
9) aspirations strong desires

er
10) envisioned imagined as a future possibility
11) pluralistic different groups of people leaving together in peace

nt
12) discrimination different treatment for different people
13) prevailed
14) impartiality
15) transfusion
16) implementing
widespread

Ce
not favouring anyone person
putting of one person's blood into another person's body
putting into effect
ish
17) versatile moving easily from one subject, skill, or occupation to another
18) accomplishments achievements
19) culminating resulting in achieving what is wanted
gl

20) recall remember

En

21) victimization unfair suffering

22) distinction difference
23) homage something said or done to show great respect
24) quest search
E
M

work with your partner and guess the meanings of these words then check
the meanings given in the glossary at the end of the book to see if you have
guessed correctly

Exercise 4
Work in groups of four. Each student should write six sentences in their
notebook. Follow the steps given below:

Give a number from 1-4 to each member of the group. Next each member of
the group should use six of these words in their own sentences, as follows:

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

● Student No. 1 should use word numbers 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21

● Student No. 2 should use word numbers 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22
● Student No. 3 should use word numbers 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23
● Student No. 4 should use word numbers 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

After you have completed,

1) Exchange your notebooks with each other
2) Read all the sentences written by your group members
3) Give critical feedback
4) Incorporate the feedback given by your group members
5) Then students 1, 2, 3 and 4 should read out the six sentences one by
one, according to the order of the words in exercise 3, and all others

er
should write these in their notebook.

nt
Student No 1 words

Words Sentences
Ce
ish
1) dynamic Our teacher is dynamic in class.
5) undesired I would not like undesired rulers.
gl

9) aspirations It is my aspirations that Pakistan remains peaceful.

13) prevailed My friend's work more prevailed than me.
En

17) versatile My uncle is versatile person.

21) victimization victimization is a bad thing.
E

Student no 2 words
M

2) steadfastness I would like state Steadfastness people.

6) acumen We see our mistake with acumen.
10) envisioned I envisioned that use of mobile was good thing.
14) impartiality Impartiality is necessary in teaching.
18) accomplishments For accomplishments hard work has to be done.
22) distinction There is no distinction of racism in Islam.

Exercise 5
Tick the correct column for the statements given in the table.

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Statement True False

1) Jinnah wanted Muslims to ✓
have more rights in
Pakistan.

2) Zoya and Amber offered ✓

to find information about
Allama Iqbal.

3) Quaid-e-Azam first joined ✓

the Congress and then the
Muslim Leaaue.

4) Both Quaid-e-Azam and ✓

er
Allama Iqbal were
barristers.

nt
5) Allama Iqbal wrote two ✓
letters to Quaid-e-Azam in
1938.

6) In his letters he said that

Ce ✓
ish
Muslims should demand a
separate state
gl

Exercise 6
En

The following tables have quotes from the speeches of Quaid-e-Azam and
Allama Iqbal. The first pact of each quote is in table A and the second pact
in table B. Work in pairs and complete the quotes. Write the alphabet in the
E

Answer Column in Table A. The first one has been alone as an example.
M

Now work in pairs and find out who said these words. Write 'Q' for
Quaid-e-Azam and 'A' for Allama Iqbal in the 'Person' column in Table B.

Table A
Number Quote Part 1 Answer
1 You are free; you are free to d
go to your Temple,

2 To me he was a friend, guide f

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

and philosopher,

3 The Muslim demand to create a

a Muslim India within India

4 At difficult moments in their e

history, it is Islam

5 my guiding principle will be c

6 I am sure that with your g

support and cooperation, I
can look forward

7 We are all citizens b

er
nt
Table B
Number
a
Quotes part 2
Ce
is in no way without justice
Person
A
ish
b and equal citizens of one Q
state
gl

c justice and complete Q

impartiality
En

d you are free to go to your Q

mosques or to any other
place of worship in the state
E

of Pakistan
M

e that has saved Muslims and A

not Muslims that have saved
Islam

f and during the darkest Q

moments through which the
Muslim League had to go, he
stood like a rock

g to Pakistan become one of Q

the greatest nations of the
world

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 7
Go back to exercise 6 and find out when and where these words spoken.
After this write seven complete sentences in your notebook like this.

1. On August, 1947, in the Constitution Assembly of Pakistan, the Quaid-e-Azam said

these words.
2. In 1938, in a message on Allama lqbal's death, the Quaid-e-Azam said these words.
3. In 1930, at the Allahabad meeting of All-India Muslim League, Allama lqbal said these
words in his address.
4. Allama Iqbal said these words in Allahabad address
5. Quaid-e-Azam said these words. on August, 11 1947, the Azam on his election as the

er
first President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
6. On August, 1947, in the Constitution Assembly of Pakistan, the Quaid-e-Azam said

nt
these words.
7. Quaid e Azam Said these word on August, 11 1947, the Azam on his election as the first

Ce
President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan,

Exercise 8
ish
Work in pairs and orally discuss the reasons for the following statements.
After you have discussed the reasons, rewrite the following statements in
your notebooks by stating the reasons. The first one has been done as an
gl

example.
En

1) Jinnah's achievement is unparalleled in recent history because, unlike most other

leaders who only free their countries from foreign rule, he not only got freedom but also
manage to create a new state for the Muslim.
E
M

2) The Quaid was greatly respected by the people of all faiths because he gave respect
people of other faiths and he wanted to make such country where every people have equal
right.

3) Quaid e Azam left the Indian National Congress because Indian national Congress
supported only Hindus and Hindus ideology.

4) Despite strong opposition by the British and the Hindus Quaid e Azam succeeded in
creating Pakistan because Quiad e Azam was Steadfastness person that is why he was
continuously doing hard work and succeeded in creating Pakistan.

5) Allama Iqbal could point out some of the defects in the philosopher system of the

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

west because Muslim and Hindu groups are all separate Nations. The principal of West
democracy cannot be applied to India without recognising the fact of different groups
6) Dr. Iqbal did not seek re-election to the Punjab legislative council because he had
become deeply involved with the Muslim League activities.

7) One of Iqbal's biggest political contributions is his allahabad address because in his
address he made a define demand for a separate Muslim state in South Asia.

8) Allama Iqbal wanted the Muslims to put their faith in Islam because if you put our faith in
Islam, we will become strong and united once again and save ourselves from complete
destructions.

er
Exercise 9

nt
Work in groups of three and make mind-maps on the following aspects of
both these great personalities.

Ce
ish
gl
En

Qualities as a person
E

Vision for Pakistan

M

What should we do to
make Pakistan great

Academic achievements
Dream about Pakistan

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Advice to Muslims
( Quaid e Azam )
(1) Qualities as a person
● He was steadfastness person.
● He was well discipline man.
● He always work with honesty.
(2) Vision for Pakistan
● He wanted to make a complete and impartial government and rule of law in Pakistan.
● Quaid e Azam vision for Pakistan was never to build a sectarian state, but a state where
people belonging to any religion or sect are free to live according to their religion.

(3) What should we do to make Pakistan great

● We ought to fulfill the Quaid e Azam instruction. If we follow Quaid's instructions,

er
Pakistan will be become the exemplary country or state
● We should pay our all Tax.

nt
(1) Academic achievements
( Allama Iqbal )
Ce
ish
● He passed his M.A in 1899 from the University of the Punjab.
● He was appointed professor of Arabic at the Oriental College Lahore.
● He was awarded a degree of Ph.D by Munish University for his work on Persian
gl

philosophy
En

(2) Dream about Pakistan

● Iqbal's dream for Pakistan was that was every Muslim ought to free to perform his
religious prayers
E

● He also wanted that Punjab, North West frontier province, Sindh and Balochistan United
M

under a single Muslim state.

(3) Advice to Muslims

● He always advice the Muslim to remain true to their faith and to practice it in letter and
spirit
● He said put your faith in Islam. You will become strong and United once again and save
yourselves from complete destruction.

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UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 4.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: Asking and responding to questions of academic nature

Work in groups of eight/ ten students. A press conference will be

conducted by each group of ten students. Three/ four of the students in
each group will be representing one ministry while five/ six will be reporters
from the media (both press and television).

Each group will represent one of the following ministries:

● Ministry of Health
● Ministry of Power

er
● Ministry of Water
● Ministry of Sanitation

nt
● Ministry of Education

Ce
The students representing the ministry will all say one thing that their
ministry is doing or plans to do. Each reporter will then ask the panellists at
ish
least two questions and they will have to answer their questions.

Each group should brainstorm and decide what the panellists will say, what
gl

questions the reporters will ask, and what answers will be given. Practise
En

the dialogues in your groups.

Once the groups are ready, each group will come up and roleplay their
E

press conference. Students from the other groups will be the audience and
M

they can also ask questions from the panellists.

( Ministry of Health ) (press conference)

SALAM:
We want to share our plans and working of our health ministry.

Working:
1. We are providing free health facilities to all Pakistani.

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UNIT 4.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

2. We are fighting against corona virus and finding the way to overcome it.
3. We are building New hospitals in rural areas.
4. Our ministry of health is spreading awareness about health.
5. We are working with foreign health ministries to provide health to all Pakistani.

Plans:
Our plan is the provision of a health system that:
1. Provides efficient, equitable accessible and affordable health services with the objective
to support people and communities to improve their health status.
2. National and international coordination in the field of public health.
3. Oversight for regulatory bodies in health sector.
4. Population welfare coordination.
5. Enforcement of Drugs Laws and Regulations.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 4.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

REVISION : Fluency practice for changing the voice in sentences

Exercise 1
Get ready to play an oral game. Change the voice of the sentence without
changing the meaning.
● Divide the class into 2 groups. Group A and Group B
● Each group must write up a list of 8-1O sentences.
● The list should contain active voice sentences and passive voice
sentences.
● Group A will say a sentence
● Group B must change the voice of the sentence and say it out loud.

er
● Next it is group B's turn to call out a sentence and Group A must
change it.

nt
For example: Ce
ish
Group A Group 8

Aliya ate The grapes were

gl

the grapes. eaten by Aliya

En
E
M

passive verb = be + passive future = will + be + passive

participle e.g. is cleaned, were participle e.g. will be given, will be
given, told

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UNIT 4.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Tense active. passive

Present simple give is given
Present continuous is giving is been given
Present perfect has given has been given
Past simple gave was given
Past continuous was given was being given
Past perfect. had given had been given

Active voice Passive voice

er
1) Aliya ate the grapes. The grapes were eaten by Aliya.

nt
2) I play cricket. Cricket is played by me.

3) Hasan saw a butterfly.

4) They are playing video game. Ce

A butterfly was seen by hasan.

Video game is being played by them.

ish
5) Ali reads a book. A book is read by Ali.

6) I am teaching students. Students are being taught by me.

gl

7) My brother is solving a math problem. A math problem is being solved by my

brother.
En

8) Hasan eats an apple. An Apple is eaten by hasan.

9) Boy was using a mobile. Mobile was being used by boy.

E

10) I wrote the note of class 9 The note of class 9 was written by me
M

Exercise 2
Work in pairs and complete the following news report using the correct
form of the passive, using the verbs given in brackets. Write the correct
news report in your notebook.

The northern part of the country was hit (hit) by a massive earthquake this morning. The entire
infrastructure was damaged (damage) very badly. The roads were broken (break). The

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UNIT 4.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

telephone lines were destroyed (destroy), and the mobile services were disrupted (disrupt).
The people were scared (scare) as many aftershocks were expected (expect). Food, water
and medical aid were rushed (rush) to the area. An appeal was made (make) by the
government asking people not to panic. Work was done (do) by the army to enable reaching of
aid to the remote areas. Funds were released (release) by the government to help people in
this hour of grief.

Exercise 3
Read the following story. Then, work with a partner and orally complete
Samina's report to the police, using the passive form. Use the verbs from
the story. Write the complete report in your notebook.

er
Samina hired a new servant. She asked her to submit a copy of her identity
card. The servant gave her a copy. She gave her someone else's card.

nt
Unfortunately, Samina did not check all the details.

Ce
After a few days the servant asked for a loan. Samina refused to give her a
loan. The following week, the servant told her a sad story and again asked
for some money. She told the servant not to come to work from the next
ish
day. When Samina went to her room after a couple of hours, she found it in
a mess, with all her things on the floor. The servant had emptied her
cupboard. She had taken away all the money and the jewellery.
gl
En

This is what Samina said to the police when they asked her for details:

A new servant was hired by me. She was asked by me to submit a copy of her identity card. A
E

copy was given to me by her. I was given someone else's card to me by her. Unfortunately,
the details were not checked by me.
M

After a few days, I was asked by the servant for a loan. The loan was refused by me. The
following week, I was told a sad story by the servant and again I was asked for some money.
The servant was told by me not to come to work from the next day. When I went to my room,
after a couple of hours, it was found by me in a mess, with all the things on the floor. The
cupboard had been emptied by her. All the money and the jewellery had been taken away by
her.

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UNIT 4.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Prefixes

We sometimes add a pair or group of alphabets at the beginning of a word

to add something to the meaning of a word. These are called prefixes.

Examples:
re+try = retry re+group = regroup
mis+spell = misspell mis+trust = mistrust

We can also use a prefix to form the opposite of a word.

er
Examples:
dis+join = disjoin dis+allow = disallow

nt
un+tidy = untidy un+clear = unclear

Exercise 4
Ce
ish
A. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 're' with the
appropriate given words. One has been done as an example.
gl

tell do claim apply print arrange

En

1) The government is trying to reclaim land from the sea in Karachi.

2) The company had to reprint this book three times.
3) I advised my friend to reapply for a teaching position in our school.
E

4) My father likes to retell his childhood stories to his grandchildren.

M

5) Saira and Khalida decided to rearrange the furniture in their room.

6) The teacher told the class to redo the exercise.

B. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'mis' with the
appropriate given words.

treat match behave understand place

1) When children misbehave they are often punished by their parents.

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UNIT 4.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

2) My brothers always misplace their mobile phones.

3) There is a mismatch between their income and expenditure.
4) Many people misunderstand their leader's message.
5) It is not right to mistreat servants.

C. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'inter' with the
appropriate given words

national faith personal city dependent

1) The intercity bus service is very good in some countries.

er
2) There is more international travel today than about fifty years ago.
3) For success in any work good interpersonal skills are needed

nt
4) The quality of goods and their price are interdependent.
5) Interfaith understanding is very important for peace in the world.

Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 4.4 WRITING

Paraphrasing a Poem

Paraphrasing can help you understand poetry well. The Four R's of
Paraphrasing can be very useful while paraphrasing a poem.

Reword ---- Replace words and phrases with synonyms wherever you can.

Rearrange ------- Rearrange words within stanzas/ couplets to make proper

sentences. You can even rearrange the ideas presented within stanzas/
couplets.

er
Realize ----- Realize that some words and phrases (e.g. names, dates, titles,
etc.) cannot be changed, but you can present them differently in your

nt
paraphrase.

Ce
Recheck ----- Check to see that the paraphrase conveys the same meaning
as the poem
ish
Exercise 1
Underline the following words in the poem:
gl
En

Words Meaning in English

1) longing deep felt wish / desire

E

2) supplication humble request / prayer

3) sparkling shining
M

4) attain succeed in getting

5) elegance attractiveness
6) moth a flying insect that is attracted to light
7) supportive giving help and sympathy.
8) suffering people having physical or mental pain

Exercise 2
Next, paraphrase each couplet (two lines in a poem) of the following
famous poem of Allama Iqbal. The first couplet has been paraphrased for
you.

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UNIT 4.4 WRITING

1. Oh Allah! I pray that my life should be like a candle.

2. Through my light should the world's darkness vanishes and world sparkle with my light.
3. Through me, my country should prosper just like a flower adds beauty in the garden.
4. I pray that just like my life be like a moth as they are attracted to light and I should love
the knowledge just like a moth .
5. I pray that my deeds should be helping poor and love old and suffering people.
6. O God! Keep me save from evil ways and show me the path or direction to the right
way.

A Child's Invocation

My longing comes to my lips as supplication of mine

O God! May like the candle be the life of mine!

er
nt
May the world's darkness disappear through the life of mine!
May every place light up with the sparkling light of mine!

May my homeland through me attain elegance

As the garden through flowers attains elegance
Ce
ish

May my life like that moth be, O Lord!

gl

May I love the lamp of knowledge, 0 Lord!

En

May supportive of the poor my life's way be

May loving the old, the suffering my way be
E

O God! Protect me from the evil ways

M

Show me the path leading to the good ways

( Translation of Allama Iqbal's Poem "Lab pay ati hai dua".)

Exercise 3
Write the paraphrased poem in the form of a paragraph in your notebook.

( Paraphrased Poem in the form of Paragraph )

Oh Allah! I pray that my life should be like a candle. Through my light should the world's

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UNIT 4.4 WRITING

darkness vanish and every place sparkles with my light. Through me, my motherland should
achieve grace and dignity just like a flower gives grace to a garden. I pray that just like a moth I
have a love for the lamp of knowledge and I become benevolent to the poor and the suffering.
O God! Save me from wrong ways and show me the straight and right path.

Application

Exercise 4
On a sheet of paper, write a letter to your principal requesting him/ her to
allow your class to visit the Karachi Museum. Follow the sample given
below.

er
Sample Application

nt
The Class Teacher
Class IX
Ce
ish
ABC School
Karachi
gl

Dear Teacher,
En

I shall not be able to attend school today because I am suffering from

high fever. Kindly allow me a day's leave.
E

I shall be obliged.
M

Sincerely,
Signature

Sara Khan
Student Class IX-A

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UNIT 4.4 WRITING

1) The address of the person to whom the letter is written

2) Greetings/ Salutation: Dear followed by the person's position or name
3) Closinay: Any of the words like sincerely, your truly, thank you etc. can
be used, written with a capital letter and followed by a comm
4. The body of the letter: stating the purpose clearly, along with the
request, suggestion, etc.
5. Signature followed by the name of the writer and his / her position.

After you have written, exchange your paper with your partner. Read each
other's work and give feedback. Make changes in your application, if

er
needed, based on the feedback given by your partner. Rewrite the
corrected application in your notebook.

nt
( Application )
Ce
ish
the principal,
XYZ School,
Karachi.
gl

Respected Sir / Madam

En

This is to request you that our classmates and also I want to visit Karachi Museum. This trip
will provide a lots of knowledge, grace and fun to all us.
E

So kindly provide permission for this

knowledgeable trip. I shall be really thankful to you
M

Your obedient Pupils

Class 9-A

March 31 2021

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UNIT 4.5 STUDY SKILLS

Listening for academic purpose

We are listening all the time, but for academic purposes we need
specialized focused skills. Here is a small activity for focused listening; it is
a story followed by exercise to check how well you have listened.

Exercise 1
Read the following 4 questions. Listen to the story when the teacher reads
it and answer these questions. You are not allowed to ask questions when
the story is being read.

er
1) Circle the characters of the story.
hare tortoise fox✓ dove stork

nt
2) What was the relationship between the characters? Circle the correct answer.

relatives friends✓ neighbours Ce

siblings
ish
3) Who served in the following utensils? Write the names of the characters in the space
provided.
gl
En
E
M

4. Tick the choices that the stork had according to the author.
a) The stork could have invited other animals and served all of them in Jugs.
b) ✓The stork could have served in a container suitable for the fox.
c) ✓The stork could have invited other animals too and served them all in containers
suitable for each of them.
d) The stork could have served in a bottle that had a broad base.

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UNIT 4.5 STUDY SKILLS

Exercise 2
Draw the following two spider webs in your notebook. Listen to the story again and fill in
the required information in the two spider webs.

( Stork )

Famous for ( kindness and gentleness )

Result ( Went Hungary to home )
Invited ( fox )
Meal ( fish )
Served ----- in ----- what. ( narrow vase )

( Fox )

er
nt
Famous for ( cunning )
Result ( when hungry to home )
Invited
Meal
( stork )
( soup )
Served --- in ---- what ( dish )
Ce
ish
gl

Exercise 3
Now write the following incomplete statements in your notebook. Listen to
En

the story again and complete them.

E

1) The stock followed the rule of tit for tat .

2) God tells us to replace the bad thing with the good.
M

3) The key message of the article is we should also not follow 'tit for tat' with our friends and
family.

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UNIT 4.6 FUN

Role play of a Poem

Work in trios to plan your role play for the following poem by Allama Iqbal.
One of you should read the poem, one should act as the mountain, and the
third one should act as the squirrel. Each trio will have to present their role
play in front of the class.

Discuss the meanings of these words then check their meanings from the
glossary:

self-respect insignificant arrogant shrewd splendour

er
pose grandeur expel beetlenut Omnipotence

nt
Words Sentences

1)
2)
3)
self-respect
insignificant
arrogant
Ce
having a sense of pride for being having something
unimportant / having no value
behaving in a proud manner
ish
4) shrewd clever
5) pose pretend
6) grandeur great and impressive appearance
gl

7) expel take out

En

8) beetlenut a hard small nut that people in some parts of the world chew
9) omnipotence having total power
E
M

( A Mountain and a Squirrel )

A mountain was saying this to a squirrel

"Commit suicide if you have self-respect
You are insignificant, still so arrogant, how strange!
You are neither wise, nor intelligent! Not even shrewd!
It is strange when the insignificant pose as important!
When the stupid ones like you pose as intelligent!

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UNIT 4.6 FUN

You are no match in comparison with my splendour

Even the earth is low compared with my splendour
The grandeur of mine does not fall to your lot
The poor animal cannot equal the great mountain!"
On hearing this the squirrel said, "Hold your tongue!
These are immature thoughts; expel them from your heart!
I do not care if I am not large like you!
You are not a little thing like me
Everything shows the Omnipotence of God

er
Some large, some small, is the wisdom of God

nt
He has created you large in the world
And He has taught me climbing large trees
You are unable to walk a single step Ce
ish
Only large size! What other greatness have you?
If you are large show me some of the skills I have
gl

Show me how you break this beetle nut as I can."

Nothing is useless in this world
En

Nothing is bad in God's creation.

( Translation of Allama Iqbal poems "pahar aur gilareeh" )
E
M

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

READING COMPREHENSION

Read the following passage and answer the questions below:

Galileo Galilei was born on 15 February 1564, in the town of Pisa, Italy. He was
the first of six children of Vincenzo Galilei, a famous music composer and
lutenist, an expert at playing the lute, a musical instrument. Galileo also learned
to play the lute. It was probably because he observed his father experimenting
with music, to create new music, from an early age that he acquired this
attraction for experimentation. Moreover, the importance of time and rhythm in
music required calculation, hence, he acquired an understanding of mathematics

er
and its relationship with everything.

nt
As a young man, Galileo thought of becoming a priest, and then a

Ce
mathematician, but his father wanted him to become a doctor because a doctor
earned a higher income than a mathematician. So he enrolled at the University of
Pisa for a medical degree. However, after attending a lecture on geometry, he
ish
talked his reluctant father into letting him study mathematics and natural
philosophy instead of medicine.
gl

His interest in experimenting with different things started early. In 1581, when he
En

was studying medicine, he noticed that a swinging chandelier took the same
amount of time to swing back and forth, no matter how far it was swinging. When
he returned home, he set up two pendulums of equal length and swung one with
E

a large sweep and the other with a small sweep and found that they kept time
M

together. However, it was almost one hundred years later, that the swinging
pendulum was used to create an accurate timepiece.

Because he needed to earn money, Galileo began experimenting with different

things, trying to come up with some sort of invention that he could sell for money.
He had a little bit of success with his invention that was like a compass and could
be used to measure plots of land. By this time, he had already experimented with
pendulums and magnets. He had also created a thermoscope, an earlier form of
the thermometer, and in 1586 he published a small book on the design of a
hydrostatic balance that he had invented.

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

However, the invention for which Galileo is known is the telescope; the wonderful
device that allows us to see from a distance. When he heard that a Dutch
inventor had invented something called a spyglass, but was keeping it a secret,
Galileo decided to work on one of his own. Within 24 hours, he had invented a
telescope that could magnify things to make them appear ten times larger than
real life.

His multiple interests included astronomy, the study of the universe and its
contents. It was because of this interest that one night Galileo pointed his
telescope toward the sky and made his first of many space observations. He
noticed that the moon was not smooth, like everyone thought; it was covered in

er
bumps and craters. As technology has improved, many others have made
improvements on the telescope that Galileo first invented.

nt
Galileo died on 8 January 1642, aged 77, after suffering from fever and heart
palpitations Ce
ish

Q.1. Read the text and complete the following sentences by selecting one
gl

words from those given

En

I. The text is about a person who invented a telescope

a) pendulum
E

b) timepiece
c) telescope
M

d) thermometer

II. Galileo was interested in mathematics

a) music
b) mathematics
c) medicine
d) metallurgy

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

Q. 2. The meanings of the following words are given in the text. Write down
these words and their meanings.
a) lutenist
b) lute
c) telescope
d) astronomy

No Words Meanings
1 Lutenist an expert at playing lute

er
2 lute a musical instrument

nt
3 telescope a device that allows us to see from a distance

4 astronomy the study of the universe and its contents

Ce
ish
Q.3. The following sentences are wrong. Read the text and write the correct
sentences.
gl

a) Galileo was the sixth child in the family.

En

A) He was the first of six children in the family.

b) He took admission in the University of Italy.

A) He took admission in the University of Pisa.
E
M

c) He published a book on the design of a timepiece.

A) He published a book on the design of the hydrostatic balance.

d) The invention for which Galileo is known is the pendulum.

A) The invention for which Galileo is known as the telescope.

e) Galileo died of heart failure.

A) Galileo died of fever and heart palpitation.

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

Q.4. Read the text and complete the following sentences oy giving
reasons.

a) His father wanted him to become a doctor because a doctor earned a higher income
than a mathematician.

b) He left his medical studies because he wanted to study mathematics and natural
philosophy.

c) He wanted to invent something that he could sell because he needed money.

d) Galileo pointed his telescope towards the night sky because he was interested in
astronomy.

er
nt
Q. 5. Read the text and answer the following questions.

music?
Ce
a) What two things did Galileo probably learn when he saw his father creating

A) When he saw his father creating music, Galileo probably learnt two things to play the lute
ish
and to create new music.
gl

b) Why and when did he leave his medical education?

A) In 1581, after attending a lecture on geometry, he talked his reluctant father into letting
En

him study mathematics and natural philosophy instead of medicine.

c) What did he invent to earn some money? What was its use?
A) To earn money he invented a thing that was like a compass and could be used to
E

measure plots of land

M

d) How did he invent the telescope?

A) When he heard that a Dutch inventor had invented something called a Spyglass, but
was keeping it a secret Galileo decided to work on one of his own within 24 hours, he
had invented the telescope

e) What was his first space observation?

A) His first space observation was that the moon was not smooth, like everyone thought; it
was covered in bumps and craters

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

GRAMMAR

Q.6. Rewrite the following sentences by correcting the punctuation and

capitalization errors.

a. yes the sahara desert is a lonely hot and dry place said faseeh
A) "Yes, the Sahara desert is a lonely, hot, and dry place," said Faseeh.

b. hurrah the khans will invite us next year shouted akram with joy
A) "Hurrah! The Khans will invited us next year," shouted Akram with joy.

c. im going to plant an apple tree. it will be fun said hannan

er
A) "I'm going to plant an apple tree. it will be fun," said Hannan.

nt
d. asif and his friends were having rice bread curry fried fish and noodles for lunch
A) Asif and his friends were having rice, bread, carry, fried fish, and noodles for lunch.

Ce
ish
Q. 7. Fill in the blanks with articles, where necessary.
gl

When Lubna got married she moved to the United States of America. Fifteen years later,
she returned to Pakistan with her family and visited her brother, Essa. Lubna had two children,
En

a boy and a girl, and Essa had two boys and a girl. Although the children had never met before,
except through x e-mail, the two families had a great time together. The children played games
and the elders talked about their life, trying to catch up on fifteen years' news and gossips.
E
M

Q8. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with words formed by using
the suffix 'ment', 'ness' or 'al' with one of these words, as appropriate:
sign, treat, kind

a. The employer showed his kindness by giving a big salary raise to all his employees.
b. They were finally given the signal to start the construction on the new bridge.
c. He recovered fully after completing his treatment.

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

Q.9. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with words formed by using
the prefix 'un', 'in' or 'dis' with one of these words, as appropriate:
complete, honest, healthy

a. One of our neighbours lost his job because he was dishonest

b. We should avoid unhealthy food and exercise regularly so that we remain fit.
c. Our work was still incomplete when the bell rang.

Q10. Change the following negative sentences into affirmative and the
affirmative ones into negative.

er
a. Did you give my message to your mother?
A) Did you not give my message to your mother?

nt
b. I like riding a horse when I go to the beach.

Ce
A) I do not like riding a horse when I go to the beach.

c. Aren't you coming to my sister's wedding?

ish
A) Are you coming to my sister's wedding?

d. Turn right at the end of the road.

gl

A) Do not turn right at the end of the road.

En

e. They cannot cross this river without a boat.

A) They can cross this river with a boat.
E

Q.11. Change the voice of the following sentences.

M

a. Algebra was taught to us by Sir Sadiq.

A) Sir Sadiq thought algebra to us.

b. Samina gave an impressive presentation.

A) An impressive presentation was given by Samina.

c. The task was done well by the class.

A) The class did the talks well

d. They have written a letter.

A) A letter has been written by them.

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MODEL TEST PAPER I UNIT ( 1- 4 )

Q.12. Complete the following second conditional sentences.

a. If I became a doctor, I would treat needy person free of charge.

b. Seema would be sad, if she knew that news.
c. If I have enough money, I would go to a world tour.
d. Javed could become a cricketer, if he work hard.

Q.13. Fill the following blanks with 'can' or 'could'.

I could speak Balochi quite well when I was a child, but now I can speak only Urdu. I
read somewhere that a child could learn to speak five languages at a time; I wish I could do
that now. However, I think I can manage to learn only one more language now. I wish one can

er
learn five languages easily at the age of forty!

nt
WRITING Ce
ish
Q.16. Write an essay on any ONE of the following .

a. Use of mobile phones

gl

b. Piles of garbage in populated areas

c. An accident that I saw
En

Q.17. Write any ONE of the following.

E
M

a. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper complaining about the electricity

shortage problems in your area.
b. Write an application to your class teacher requesting for leave to look after your
sick mother.

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UNIT 5.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

While Reading

Exercise 1
Tick the right answer. The text is about:
a) The life cycle of a mosquito
b) Different kinds of dangerous mosquitoes
c) Diseases caused by mosquitoes (✓)
d) Use of pesticides for mosquito control

er
Exercise 2
Circle the diseases mentioned in the text

nt
tuberculosis
jaundice
hepatitis
diphtheria
malaria✓
dengue✓
Ce
cholera
tonsillitis
influenza
yellow fever
chikungunya✓
cerebral Malaria✓
ish

Exercise 3
gl

Read the text. Find the following words and underline them.
En

1) parasite an animal or plant that lives on or in another and gets its food from
2) transmitted to pass something from one person, place or thing to another
3) saliva liquid produced in the mouth that helps one swallow and digest food
E

4) clot a lump formed in the blood which stop or disturbs the flow of blood
M

5) chills feeling of coldness

6) constipation not able to discharge solid waste from the body
7) dysfunction problem in the working of some part of the body
8) disorientation loss of sense of direction
9) transfusion putting of one person's blood into another person's body
10) antibodies substances in the blood that fight against diseases
11) immune cannot be harmed by a disease because the body has developed the
ability to fight it
12) respiratory breathing related
13) stagnant standing in one place, not flowing or moving
14) contagious a disease that can spread by touch

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UNIT 5.1 READING COMPREHENSION

15) nausea a feeling of wanting to be sick

16) fatal causing or ending in death
17) display to put up something in a place where people can see it easily
18) inflammation a condition in which a part of the body is red, swollen and sore
19) intense very great or severe
20) pronounced very noticeable

Next, work with a partner and try to guess their meaning from the context.
After you have discussed the meanings of all these words, check your
answers from the glossary given at the end of this book.

er
Exercise 4
Work in pairs and see how many of these words you can use in your own

nt
sentences. The pair that will make the most correct sentences will be the .
winner.

Words Sentences
Ce
ish
1) parasite Mosquito is a parasite insect.
2) transmitted Dengue is also transmitted by organ or blood donation.
gl

3) saliva Saliva helps us to digest food.

4) clot Water is clot in winter.
En

5) chills He chills after taking ice cream.

6) constipation In constipation people feel too uncomfortable.
7) dysfunction Another sign of Malaria is kidney dysfunction.
E

8) disorientation Due to malaria disorientation is also happened

9) transfusion Without a blood transfusion her chances of survival were slim.
M

10) antibodies Antibodies fight off infections and viruses.

11) immune Everybody is immune to smallpox nowadays.
12) respiratory Smoking can cause respiratory diseases.
13) stagnant Few fish survive in the stagnant waters of the lake
14) contagious Not all the infectious diseases are contagious.
15) nausea Some people experience nausea when flying.
16) fatal The slightest mistake may lead to a fatal disaster.
17) display Those books were on display in the window.
18) inflammation An extreme allergic reaction causes rapid inflammation.
19) intense He shielded his eyes from the intense flash of light.
20) pronounced She speaks with a pronounced French accent.

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UNIT 5.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 5
Read the text and select the correct answer from the options given.

1) It is important to find out what the exact disease is so that

a) the patient can rest
b) we can tell everyone about it
✓c) it can be treated properly
d) the patient can decide what to do

2) The malaria parasite attacks the

a) white blood cells b) brain
c) stomach ✓ d) red blood cells

er
3) Once the dengue virus enters the system it affects the
✓ a) immune system b) digestive system

nt
c) circulatory system d) nervous system

4) In severe cases of dengue,bleeding may occur in the

a) eyes and ears b) brain
c) stomach and intestine ✓ d) gums and nose
Ce
ish
5) Chikungunya patients usually have fever with
a) shivering ✓b) rashes
gl

c) bleeding d) chills
En

Post Reading
E

Exercise 6
M

Read the text and complete the following table in your notebooks.

Disease Source(s) of Organ / cell Symptoms

Transmission Attacked
Malaria Malaria is transmitted Liver or red blood cell High fever for 40
by plasmodium Celsius 104
Fahrenheit

Dengue It is transmitted by Skin or white blood Patients feel

blood and organ cell respiratory difficulties
donation

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UNIT 5.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Chikungunya It can spread from an Skin or muscle cells Headache, vomiting

infected person to and skin rashes
others

Exercise 7
Discuss the following questions with your partner and write down the
answers in your notebook.

( Questions / Answers )

er
1) What are the most common diseases caused by mosquito bites?

nt
A) There are three common diseases caused by mosquito bite
a) Malaria
b) dengue
c) chikungunya Ce
ish
2) Which specific part of the body becomes highly infected in Cerebral Malaria?
A) In Cerebral Malaria blood does not reach in proper amount to brain thus brain is highly
affected.
gl

3) What can lead to severe liver infection when one has malaria?
En

A) The newly developed plasmodium form the burst red blood cells spread and infect more red
blood cells throughout the body thus killing all the cells this can lead to severe liver
infection.
E

4) How is the immune system affected through dengue?

M

A) Once the virus enters the body, so it circulates around the body attacking white blood cells
and other antibodies thus affecting the immune system.

5) How often can one get infected with Chikungunya? Why ?

A) Once one recovers from this infection one is immune to it for the rest of one's life.

6) Which two of the three diseases have similar symptoms? What are these?
A) Dengue and Chikungunya keep identical symptoms and signs. We find difference between
them by laboratory testing.

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UNIT 5.1 READING COMPREHENSION

7) How often does one have fever and chills when one has malaria?
A) Malaria is recognised through high fever. The temperature may reach as high as 40 Celsius
and 104 Fahrenheit fever is often accompanied by chills.

8) How do all these diseases affect our life?

A) All these diseases, that is Malaria dengue and chikungunya affect a person's health.
They affect the quality of one's work because they take some time to recover from the
weakness caused by them.

9) How can we protect ourselves from these three diseases?

A) Since there are no vaccines or medical ways to prevent these diseases. Here are few
useful suggestions for protecting oneself from these diseases.

er
● Wear clothes that will keep you fully covered
● Use net coverings

nt
● Live in hygienic surroundings
● Ensure that there is no stagnant water, whether clean or dirty, in your location, not even

●
●
in
Uncovered buckets, pots,, or other things
Take extra precaution from dawn to dusk.
Ce
ish
● Seek medical help as soon as possible

10) What should we do if we want to recover quickly from these diseases?

gl

A) We should seek immediate medical help. If we observe symptoms of these diseases

because the earlier they are treated the quicker is the recovery.
En
E

Exercise 8
You have heard on the news about the spread of malaria, dengue and
M

chikungunya in the nearby villages. You talk to your classmates and all of
you decide to launch a campaign in your area to create awareness about
these diseases. What will you do?

Work in groups of three. Each group should develop a flow chart of one
disease: malaria/ chikungunya/ dengue that will help you create awareness
amongst your friends and neighbours about the diseases. You can follow
the flow chart given below.

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UNIT 5.1 READING COMPREHENSION

er
( Flow Chart on Malaria )

nt
( Malaria )

( Cause )
Ce
Malaria is deathly disease. It is spread by Mosquitoes so you ought to careful
about this disease. Whose name is Malaria.
ish
Malaria is caused by plasmodium, a single called parasite often transmitted by
infected mosquitoes. It is injected into a person's circulatory system through The
gl

saliva of the mosquitoes.

En

( Symptoms )
In Malaria patients suffer from fever, sweating, constipation kidney dysfunction
and disorientation etc.
E
M

( Prevention )
(1) Wear clothes that will keep you fully covered
(2) Use net coverings
(3) Live in hygienic surroundings

( Advice )
My advice is that you must spread awareness in your friend and family
members and neighbours etc,

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UNIT 5.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: Express satisfaction dissatisfaction (fully and partially)

politely

Exercise 1
Work in pairs. One student should take the role of Shama and the
other that of Ahmer. Practise the dialogue given below orally; do
not read it. After practising it two to three times, switch roles and
practice again. Add one more dialogue of your own.

er
nt
Ahmer: Are you satisfied with the way the teacher explained the poem
today?
Shama:

Ahmer:
Ce
Well, to tell you the truth, I didn't really understand what he explained. I still have a
number of things to ask him. What about you?
No, I'm dissatisfied. I don't think the teacher was prepared. But yesterday he
ish
explained the vocabulary very well. What do you say?
Shama: You're right. The class was fun. I loved the way he made us all get up and move
around to find the right meanings.
gl

Ahmer: I think, we must talk with a teacher about today's class and show dissatisfaction
at today's class lecture.
En

Shama: I agree with you.

E

Expressing satisfaction Expressing dissatisfaction

M

I'm/I was extremely happy with your plan I'm not/ I wasn't happy with opinion

I really enjoyed in in your company l am/ was very disappointed with your
thoughts

I loved the way in which you explain the lesson I don't /didn't like the way in which you
talk me

I am/was very satisfied with my performance I am/ was very dissatisfied with my exam
result

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UNIT 5.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Exercise 2
Work in pairs. Use one of the contexts below to practise expressing
both satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Discuss what each one of you
will say and practise dialogue. Each pair will be asked to role play
their dialogue in front of the class. Each one of you should speak 3-4
sentences.
You may use the phrases given in the boxes or use any other
expressions to show your satisfaction/ dissatisfaction. Both of you
should express your views.

1) Sharif and Rayan took a train to Multan. They had reserved seats in the air conditioned

er
compartment. Mostly, things were very good and the seats were comfortable. However, when
the train started, they found that the air conditioning wasn't working. They called the caretaker

nt
and told him about their satisfaction with some of the things and expressed dissatisfaction with
the air conditioning.

Dialogue (1)
Ce
ish

Sharif: I think Rayan, we ought to call caretaker and show our dissatisfaction and must
gl

call him to repair the air conditioner

Rayan: Yes! I agree with you.
En

Caretaker: Is there any problem sir and may I help you.

Sharif: Air conditioner is not working and weather is too hot please do something and
repair the air conditioner immediately
E

Rayan: The other service in the train is too good and we are pleased with your service
Caretaker: Ok sir I will send the repairer and he will repair the air conditioner immediately,
M

Thanks sir

2) The power supply system in your area is generally good. When you have a problem and
complain, the issue is solved in a timely manner. However, there has been a power breakdown
around your neighbourhood for 48 hours and the problem has not been solved in spite of
repeated complaints. You and a group of neighbours go to the electricity department to
complain. A spokesman has been identified from your group for talking to the person at the
complaint centre. Remember to express satisfaction with things generally and dissatisfaction
currently.

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UNIT 5.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Dialogue (2)

Me:. I think we ought to visit the electricity customer care office and complain at
this electricity breakdown issue.
Neighbour: Yes! you are saying right. First we will write an application and show the
dissatisfaction about this breakdown issue and complaining system.
Spokesman: How can I help you?
Me: We are complaining about breakdown issue continuously , however there is
no response from you but I know your power supply system is too good and
we are using it from a long time
Spokesman: Yes sir I know it and we are trying to improve our complaining system and we
are establishing a department only for power breakdown issues.

er
Neighbors: Alright we believe at your system, we are also a benevolent of you

nt
3) You are a teacher in the school. Your student, Khalid, usually does very well in all the tests.

Ce
But in the last couple of tests his performance has been unsatisfactory. Call him and express
your satisfaction with his work generally and dissatisfaction with the way he has been
performing lately. Ask him how he feels about his own progress
ish
gl

Dialogue (3)
En

Me:. Khalid your performance is being decreased day by day.

Is there any problem with you or your family?
E

Khalid:. No sir there is no problem however I spent my lots of

M

time in Mobile gaming that's why I am not giving

appropriate time to my study.
Me: I know you was very good in class or tests and I proud
on your performance but your irresponsible behaviour
so embarrassed me
Khalid. Yes! I know sir and I will try not to play a mobile game
and I will give the appropriate time to my study
Me I am your well wisher. I want that you will improve your
performance in class and give all test with flying colours

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UNIT 5.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Khalid Ok sir I will fix my time for study and I will not give too
much time for mobile and my friends also.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Simple and compound sentences

In English, we use three main types of sentences: simple, compound, and

complex. Use of a variety of sentences makes the writing more interesting.
Here we will discuss two types of sentences, simple and compound.

A Simple Sentence has one subject and one predicate.

My mother is a good cook.

In a Compound Sentence two complete sentences are joined together by a

comma + Conjunction: and, but, for, because, r, nor, etc.

er
My mother is a good. She cannot stitch well.

nt
Exercise 1
Look at the sentences in the table below. Against each sentence put a ( ✓ )
Ce
mark in the column that identifies whether it Is a simple or a compound
sentence. The first one has been done for you as an example.
ish
gl

Sentence Simple sentence Compound sentence

En

1) This year has started on a ✓

positive note for the students.
E

2) The classrooms smell of ✓

fresh paint. as they were
M

painted during the holidays

3) The students love the ✓

newly painted classrooms.
and they like the newly
polished desks.

4) Their motivation has ✓

increased and their
enthusiasm is clearly visible

5) Most of the students come ✓

to school regularly now.

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

6) They actively participate in ✓

various class activities.

7) The students enjoy being ✓

outdoors, because they all
like sports activities

8) They are happy with the ✓

new look of the school, but
they are not happy with the
sports facilities that they
have.

9) They have requested their ✓

principal for better sports and

er
game facilities.

nt
10) The students are hopeful ✓
that they will have good
facilities soon, because their
principal has promised that
new play grounds will be
developed.
Ce
ish
gl

Exercise 2
In the exercise given below, join the two sentences to form a compound
En

sentence, using any conjunction: and, but, for, because, as, so, or. nor, etc.

Write the compound sentences in your notebook. Compare your answers

E

with your partner's answers and make any changes, if needed.

M

(a) Najma and Rehana studied very hard, and they both got A grades in their exams.

(b) Her father is a pilot, and he has flown many different types of planes.

(c) Our car is very old, however its engine is in good condition.

(d) The boys were playing cricket, because it was the first day of their summer vacations.

(e) My brother is a good artist, but he cannot sing at all.

(f) You may buy only a new dress now, or you may buy a new dress and new shoes next

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

month.
(g) The baby cannot walk, but the baby can crawl very fast.

(h) I love gardening, for i can grow my own fresh vegetables.

(i) The flowers in this pot are very colourful, but the flowers in your garden have a lovely
fragrance.

(j) This book is very informative, and it is also very interesting.

Exercise 3
Wort in pairs and write sentences in your notebooks by following the steps

er
given below.
Step1: Write 8-10 simple sentences about the people and things in your

nt
classroom.
Our classroom is very big.
Samir is reading a book. Ce
ish
Step 2: Write one more simple sentence for each of the sentence that you
have written, as given in Exercise 2 above.
gl

Our classroom is very big. It does not have enough light.

En

Samir is reading a book. He seems to be enjoying it

Step 3:Join the simple sentences to form compound sentences.

E

Our classroom is very big, but it does not have enough light.
M

Samir is reading a book, and he seems to be enjoying it.

Step 1

(1) I have three best friends in class.

(2) Hassan is eating lunch.
(3) Classmates are talking with each other.
(4) Teacher will teach English grammar in today's class.
(5) Our classroom chairs are too comfortable.
(6) Babar is preparing for today's test.
(7) Ali is Playing with papers.

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

(8) There is no air conditioner in our class.

Step 2

(1) I have three best friends in class.They help me often.

(2) Hassan is eating lunch. He is hungry.
(3) Classmates are talking with each other. There is a cricket match.
(4) Teacher will teach English grammar in today's class. I do not have English grammar's copy.
(5) Our classroom chairs are too comfortable.They are new.
(6) Babar is preparing for today's test. He will score A plus in today's test.
(7) Ali is Playing with papers. He is sad.
(8) There is no air conditioner in our class.There are lots of fans in our class.

er
nt
Step 3

(1)
(2)
Ce
I have three best friends in class, and they help me often.
Hassan is eating lunch, because he is hungry.
ish
(3) Classmates are talking with each other, because there is a cricket match.
(4) Teacher will teach English grammar in today's class, but I don't have English grammar's
copy
gl

(5) Our classroom chairs are too comfortable, or they are new.
(6) Babar is preparing for today's test, and He will score A plus in today's test.
En

(7) Ali is Playing with papers, but He is sad.

(8) There is no air conditioner in our class, however there are lots of fans in our class.
E
M

Exercise 4
Sabiha keeps repeating the same words in her letter to her friend Munira.
Help her write a mix of simple and compound sentences to make her
writing interesting.
Work in pairs and rewrite the letter in your notebooks. Decide which parts
should be simple sentences and which should be compound sentences.
You may remove some of the words that you think are not needed or
replace some of them.

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Sabina's letter to Munira

I have some exciting news for you . There is a 'Housing boom!" in our town, as builders are
building new houses. They are planning to build at least 300 new houses. These houses are
small, but they can easily accommodate single families. They will be mainly two storeyed. The
people of our town are excited, as they think that the town needs new people and new
business. It will be nice to have new people and new friends.
More people will mean more progress for our town because they will require more facilities.
New roads will have to be built. More transport facilities will be required. We will have to build
more schools and colleges. The town will need more shopping areas and other facilities. New
water and electricity facilities will have to be provided.
Some people are not so happy, because they feel that more people will make the town

er
crowded. There will be more electricity problems. There will be more pollution, as there will be
more garbage in the town, and more vehicles and factories. Travelling in the town will take a

nt
longer time, as there will be more traffic.
The houses will be built soon, as they are expected to be built within two years. Many people

Ce
are interested, and they want to buy a house in our town. The town is being connected to the
port through a new highway. The town is near a river, so water can be supplied easily to the
town. Many people have already selected their property, but there are still properties available.
ish
Those interested in buying a house should hurry, because all the houses will be sold soon.
People can contact the builders, and they can give them more details.
gl

Revision : Change the narration of statements, exclamations, wishes,

En

promises and hopes

E

You have land the rules about changing statements, requests and orders in
earlier classes. Here are some basic rules once again.
M

Tense Rules for changing from direct to indirect

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Present simple / present Past simple / past continuous / past

continuous / present perfect / perfect / past perfect continuous
present perfect continuous

Past simple / past continuous / past Past perfect / past perfect

perfect continuous / past perfect

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Past perfect continuous Past perfect continuous

Exclamations, wishes, promises, hopes

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Said + explanation mark Exclaimed

Said + wish Wish

Said + hope Hoped

Said + promise Promised

er
nt
Exercise 5
Ce
The following exercise has some statements, exclamations, wishes, hopes
and promises in direct speech. Change them from direct to indirect speech
ish
and write them in your notebooks. Once you have completed, discuss your
answers with your partner.
gl

(1) "I have many friends and I have to invite all of them tomorrow," said Abid. (Direct S)
En

(1) Abid said that he had many friends and he had to invite all of them the
next day.(Indirect S)

(2) Reshma said, "I hope I will get admission in the medical college this year." (Direct S)
E

(2) Reshma hoped that she would get admission in the medical college that year. (Indirect S)
M

(3) "I wish I had ten hands and a hundred fingers to do all this work,"
said Feroza. (Direct S)
(3) Feroza wished that she had ten hands and a hundred fingers to do all that
work. (Indirect S)

(4) The student said, "1 promise I will do my homework regularly from today." (Direct S)
(4) The student promised that he would do his homework regularly from that day. (Indirect S)

(5) "They want to buy a new car," said the lawyer, "but they don't have any money."
(Direct S)
(5) The lawyer said that they wanted to buy a new car but they did not have any money.

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

(6) "We hope we will be able to get permission from our parents," said the children
(Direct S)
(6) The children hoped that they would be able to get permission from their parents.
(Indirect S)

(7) "I never thought that a son of mine would get such bad marks!" said his father.
(Direct S)
(7) His father exclaimed with sorrow that he had never thought that a son of his would get
such bad marks (Indirect S)

er
(8) The blind boy said, "I wish I could see this interesting match on the television."
(Direct S)

nt
(8) The blind boy wished that he could see that interesting match on the television.
(Indirect S)

(9) Ce
"Next week, we promise, we will clean the whole house," the children said to their
parents. (Direct S)
ish
(9) The children promised their parents that they would clean the whole house the following
week.(Indirect S)
gl

(10) "Our team has won the champion's trophy here for the first time!" said the coach.
(Direct S)
En

(10) The coach exclaimed with joy that his team had won the champion's trophy there for the
first time.(Indirect S)
E

Exercise 6
M

Work in pairs, read the following story and put all the direct speech
sentences into indirect speech. The story has statements, exclamations,
wishes, promises and hopes. Make sure you follow the rules related to
changing these different types of sentences.

Avoiding Criticism
(Answer)
Nasrudin and his son were travelling with their donkey. Nasrudin preferred to walk
while his son rode the donkey. Soon they passed a group of bystanders, and one of them said

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UNIT 5.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

that the boy was so selfish. He was riding on a donkey while his poor old father was forced to
walk alongside.
Another man exclaimed that was so disrespectful and he was a horrible and spoiled child.
Nasrudin and his son felt embarrassed, so they changed places this time a Nasrudin rode the
donkey while his son walked. He said hoped that he was doing the right thing then.
Soon they passed another group of people. Seeing them, one of them exclaimed that the poor
young boy had to walk while his selfish father was riding the donkey. He was a heartless parent.
Nasrudin was upset to hear this. He wished that people would mind their own business.
Since he wanted to avoid any further comments, he decided that both he and his son would ride
at the same time. As they both rode, they passed another group of people. One bystander
commented that man and his son were cruel. They were forcing that poor donkey to bear the
weight of two people. They should be in jail for that act.
Nasrudin heard this and told his son that the only way they could avoid people comment that

er
they his both walked.
The son hoped that he was right. Nasrudin promised that nobody would be able to say anything

nt
to them as they were doing the right thing at that time.
So they got off the donkey and continued on foot. But as they passed another group of people,

Ce
they heard them laughing. They said that those people were so stupid that both of them were
walking in that heat and neither nf them was riding the donkey. They exclaimed that they were
foolish people.
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 5.4 WRITING

Descriptive essay father practice

A descriptive essay describes a person, place or thing. It includes

important details about the person, place of things in such a manner that
the readers can create a picture in their mind about the object being
described.
In unit 1.4 you were asked to write a descriptive essay describing a place
Now you have to write a descriptive essay describing a person.

Exercise 1
Work in pairs and write a descriptive essay of at least four paragraphs, on

er
one of the following topics in your notebook:

nt
1. My favourite Aunt/ Uncle
2. A teacher that I remember
3. Our school principal
4. My grandmother/ grandfather
Ce
ish

First, read and discuss the box in Unit 1.4 once again for tips on how to
gl

describe people. Next, follow the guidelines in exercise 2 of unit 1.4.

En

After you have written your essay, exchange your notebooks with another
pair. Read each other's essay and give critical feedback. Incorporate the
E

feedback received and rewrite the essay in your notebook.

M

(1) My favourite Aunt / Uncle

"Strength is nothing more than well you hide the pain. "My aunt has had to go through many
hardships. I remember that when I first met her, she was struggling to find a job but she still took
me in because my parents had to leave for an important conference. She never let her problems
show on her face. She covered everything with a smile and taught me to do the same. One
thing I greatly admire about her is that even though she had her own problems, she never
hesitated to help others. I greatly admire her strength.

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UNIT 5.4 WRITING

My aunt's life is a great example to never give up. As I mentioned earlier, she was struggling to
find a job when I met her. Despite her problems; finding a job, a mother to take of and to get
money for all her mother's medical bills, she never gave up.

She had worked multiple jobs to pay for her study courses and wasn't about to let her problems
stand in the way of her ambition. She worked hard and last year, she achieved her goal of
opening a political science institution. She taught me that although we don't realize it, achieving
our goal is worth all the hard work and effort.

My aunt is a very important part of my life and who l am. She has played a big role in shaping
my personality. I deeply admire her and her qualities. When I grow up, I hope l can be as good
as her; caring, understanding, kind, determined and strong.

er
A teacher that I remember

nt
Thorough my educational life there were many teachers or lecturers I cannot forget them. In

Ce
whole my life l will remember them and wish to them they be in a good condition and they will
continue their massage which is helping people to improve, rises them knowledge and helping
the students to be better persons. For them they see the education process must include fun,
ish
educate and acting.

From all teachers I ever had there is one teacher I can't forget her. She was my angel in the
gl

earth, she always encouraged me when I was tired from study and can't handle it any more.
En

Miss Fatima was have the whole qualities of good teacher such as Patience, Confidence, True
compassion for their students and the ability to look at life in a different way and to explain a
topic in a different way at my School, more teachers continued their influence on my life, and
E

many of them have enjoyed long teaching careers.

M

Several have retired, but several are still hard at it with the current crop of students. In the 8:00
A.M all the students wait for her to come in their sits. She is nothing but our English lecturer
Miss Fatima. She is about 6. 5 feet tall, thin woman. She dresses herself in informally. She has
a good hair style blond like wave's. she is a pretty woman too. Her classes are so interesting. All
the students get involved to listen to his classes without any sound or side talking.

Our school principal

Every school has a principal and the principal sees it that everybody in the school obeys the
rules and regulations of the school. He or She would be in charge of all the responsibilities of

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UNIT 5.4 WRITING

the school on a day to day basis and he has the powers for all the major decisions in the school.
We also have a principal in our school. His name is Mr. Ali. He joined our school only last year.
He is a very strict person, yet a lovable person too. When it comes to the rules and regulations
of the school he is very strict. He makes sure that every student or staff comes on time.

During assembly hours, he also comes with the entire school and attends the assembly. If there
are any important announcements, he himself would make the announcements. After he has
joined our school, not only the academic side, but the face of school itself has changed. He has
contributed so much to the physical structure of the school and has made renovations, without
creating any disturbance to the staff or students of the school.

In case any parent needs to speak to the principal, they could do so without any formalities and

er
our principal would listen and find a solution for the problem. Not only in appearance of the
school and academics, but also in sports, cultural activities and other activities,our school has

nt
progressed and we are proud of the achievements that we have attained.

Ce
We are proud of our principal and we wish that we have him for longer years. With his presence,
we are all very happy and have achieved great records for our school in almost all activities. He
has been the best principal, so far I have seen and we all love him very much. Gentle, yet
ish
strong, is what our dear principal is and we wish him success all through his life.
gl

My Grandmother
En

I love my grandmother very much. Ever since I was born, she has taken care of me. She has
taken great responsibility in bringing me up in a healthy and disciplined way. My grandmother is
a very bold lady. We can learn a lot of things from her. She is a polite person who can handle
E

any kind of situation in a very proactive way. My grandmother cooks very well and she prepares
M

delicious food whenever we go to our native.

There are a lot of things that are much enjoyable with my grandmother. Since my childhood, she
has told me many interesting stories and taught me singing too. She is very talented who is
doing business for more than 20 years. Her hard work and success in her business has
motivated me to be the same way in my life. Without my grandmother I would have not won
prizes in many competitions. My grandmother gifts me precious books and things whenever I
get high marks in examination. She gave me a painting box for scoring 100 Marks in Maths and
Science this year.

Every year, we used to go to grandmother's home during Summer holidays. My grandmother

will take us to the famous mosque in our native every week. This year, we all went to a festival

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UNIT 5.4 WRITING

with our grandmother.We enjoyed a lot in the festival. We learnt the history of the festival and
reason for the festival from our grandmother.

Our grandmother is a great mentor; her teachings to us are very valuable. Only because of her,
we have gained good conduct in our life. My grandmother is a very nice person and now I am
waiting to meet her in the next holiday

Filling a simple form

er
nt
Exercise 2

Ce
Read the brochure below and complete the form given below it.

Celebrating Health Day in School

ish
Attention Students!
We are having a Health Day celebration in school. It will be a fun-filled
event for all students and their families.
gl

Date: April 07, 2017

Time: 8:30 am --2:00 pm
En

Venue: Our School

Activities:
● Health information talks
E

● Short films
M

● Medical check-up
● Eye test
● Blood grouping
● Dental check-up
● Weight and height measurement
● Information leaflets on health and hygiene.
● Health and nutrition information
Fill in the form below to register for this FREE Health Day celebration.
You may invite your family and friends to this celebration.

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UNIT 5.4 WRITING

Health Day Registration form

Health Day Celebration Registration Form No. 120

USE BLOCK LETTERS TO FILL THIS FORM

Name: Muhammad Faiz S/o, D/o: Muhammad Saeed .

Father's CNIC No: 40400 ----- .

er
Address: A31 NAZIMABAD KARACHI .

nt
CIass: 9 Section B Roll No 29 Age: 15 Gender: MALE .

Ce
Activities that you are interested in: Weight and height measurement .
ish
Number of people who will accompany you: 2 friends and one brother .
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 5.5 STUDY SKILLS

Information interviews

In an interview, one person asks questions to find out some answers, while
the other person responds to these questions. Friends sometimes
interview each other in an informal manner to understand an issue or
problem that one of them is facing.
If you have to informally interview a friend on a specific topic, here are
some tips that can help you.

Prepare and ask Use appropriate

er
relevant questions reciprocal language
effectively

nt
Take notes and Display appropriate
compile the responses
Ce body language and
posture
ish

Listen attentively Choose your Make sure that Use correct

gl

to the question; words carefully the interviewer intonation and

seek clarification while answering understands display
En

if needed the questions what you are appropriate body

saying language
E

Similarly, for giving an informal interview, here are some basic tips:
M

Exercise 1
Work in pairs and ask each other the following questions. One student
should play the role of student A and the other of Student B. First, read the
dialogue below and think of the answers that you will give to each other,
then, start asking the questions. The student asking the questions should
note down the answers given.

Student A: You look quite stressed, what's the problem?

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UNIT 5.5 STUDY SKILLS

Student B: The problem is that we are short of money and I can't pay my fees.
Student A: Since when have you been worried?
Student B: Ever since my father told me that i can't pay your fees
Student A: Have you talked to anybody about this?
Student B: No, I don't know. What do I talk about this issue.
Student B: Who do you think I should talk to?
Student A: Well, you could talk to someone about this issue Maybe, someone can help.
Student B: What should I do in the meantime?
Student A: You should talk form our principal and teachers. They can do something for you.
Student B: Do you think I will be able to arrange something?
Student A: I'm sure you can arrange your school fee and you can help your father.

er
Exercise 2

nt
Work in pairs and select one of the following situations for an informal

situation.
o Your friend has severe fever
Ce
interview, or you can think of another situation by followed by the above
ish
o Cleanness of toilets in schools
o Your brother wants to buy a mobile phone
gl

Now follow these steps:

En

► Discuss how you will deal with the situation

► Prepare three to four questions that you will ask your partner
► Informally interview each other
E

► Prepare notes on the basis of the answers that you receive

M

► Report to the class

Your friend has severe fever

Student A: You have not been coming to school for three days.Is there any problem with
you?
Student B: Yes! I am Surviving from severe fever, and doctor gave me a instruction for
complete bed rest.

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UNIT 5.5 STUDY SKILLS

Student A: Are you feeling better right now ?

Student B: Yes! I am feeling better right now, but there is some pain in my head.
Student A: I think you must do complete bed rest and don't do anything includes
homework.
Student B: Will you write an application for leave for one week ?
Student A: Yes! Why not I will write an application for you and I will also inform the
teacher about your health.
Student B: You are my true friend.
Student A: You will recover soon and we will both play in the ground and eat ice cream
Student B: Ok I will wait thanks for your corporation.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 5.6 FUN

Vocabulary building

Work in groups of four. The teacher will put one word on the board and you
will have to write a new word beginning with the last alphabet of the
previous word. You cannot repeat the words. Your word should have
minimum four letters.
The group with the most correct words will be declared the winner. You
have ten minutes to do the task.

Example: chain -------- number ------- ring -------- grow ------

elephant ------- think ------- king ------ gift -------

er
In this example you can see that the last alphabet in the first word 'chain' is

nt
'n'. so, the next word has to begin with 'n', 'number'. The last alphabet is 'r'

Ce
so the next word begins with 'r', 'ring', and so on.

Follow these steps:

ish
1. Work in groups of four
2. Select the person who will write the words on the paper
gl

3. Also decide who will go and read the words

En

4. Take a piece of paper

5. Write the names of all four group members on it
6. Copy the word that the teacher writes on the board
E

7. Start writing the words

M

8. Make sure every group member participates

Example 2: Pakistan ------- name ------ east ------ think ----- king -----
gun ------ next ------ text ----- tax ----- X ray ---- year -----

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

While Reading

Exercise 1
Write the answers to the following questions in your notebook.

1) How many students were there in sana's group? Write their names.
A) There were six students in sana's group.
1. Aliya
2. Sana
3. Sameer

er
4. Ahmad
5. Hania

nt
6. Razia

the order of appearance in the text Ce

2) How many famous women of Pakistan are mentioned in the text? Write their names in

A) There are five famous women of Pakistan mentioned in the text.

ish
1. Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah
2. Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan
3. Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz
gl

4. Professor Anita Ghulam Ali

5. Bilquia Bano Ghulam Ali
En

3) how many students share their dreams at the end of the presentations write their
names?
E

A) There are four students shared their future dreams

1. Sadia
M

2. Maryam
3. Hira
4. Daniyal

Exercise 2
Work in pairs find the following words in the text and underline them

Words Meaning
1) opinion thoughts and ideas
2) access be within reach for use

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

3) simultaneously at the same time

4) Rehearsed to practice privately what one is going to say or do let go
5) philanthropist a person who supports good cause, especially by giving money.
6) renowned famous
8) recognition officially recognising somebody's ability or achievements often by
giving an award
9) Tireless working without showing any signs of being tired.
10) Inspired to develop feeling or am in someone for doing something.
11) enthusiasm a strong feeling of excitement.

Now, try and gases the meanings of these words. Share your guesses with
your partner check the meaning from the glossary given at the end of the
book

er
nt
Exercise 3
Do the following exercise in your notebook. Fill the blanks using all the

has been done as an example. Ce

words given in exercise 2. You can use each word only once. The first one

After you have finished, compare your answers with your partner.
ish

1) My brother decided to become a soldier because he was inspired by my

gl

uncle's disciplined way of life.

2) There are many charitable institutions in Pakistan that are funded by
En

Philanthropist
3) The whole class simultaneously said 'Yes' when the teacher asked if they
wanted to go for a picnic.
4) Every year, the government awards titles to people in recognition of their
E

services in different fields.

M

5) My father always asks for our opinions before buying any new furniture or
other household things.
6) Our principal praised all the students for their contribution to the flood relief
fund.
7) Everyone clapped with enthusiasm when the small children ran in the race.
8) Our group rehearsed many times before the finals of the folk song
competition.
9) Pakistan was created through the tireless efforts of many Muslims working
under the leadership of Quaid-e-Azam.
10) AII the children in Pakistan should have access to quality education.
11) Allama Iqbal is a renowned poet of the sub-continent.

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 4
Do you remember what each letter stands for in the IDEAL problem solving
tool and what it means? Read the text and complete the following
statements. Write all the five complete statements in your notebook. The
first one has been done as an example.

I stands for Identify. Here we identify the problem.

D stands for Define . Here we define the problem
E stands for Explore . Here we explore the answer of the problem
A stands for Action . Here we take the best possible action to try and solve the problem
L stands for Look back . Here we look back to see whether the problem has been solved
or not

er
Exercise 5

nt
Read the text and tick the correct answer.

a) Laptop and internet

b) Newspapers and magazines
Ce
1) Which of the following sources of information were not used by the students?
ish
c) Books and smart phone
✓d) Radio and television (TV)
gl

2) Madr-e-Millat means:
a) Leader of Asia
En

b) Leader of the nation

✓c) Mother of the nation
d) Pride of the nation
E
M

3) The first woman who represented the Muslim women in three round table conferences in
London was:
✓a) Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz
b) Bilquis Edhi
c) Fatima Jinnah
d) Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan

4) Bilquis Edhi was awarded:

✓a) Hilal-e-lmtiaz
b) Nishan-e-Haider
c) Sitara-e-lmtiaz
d) Sitara-e-Jura'at

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

5) Professor Anita Ghulam Ali was appointed twice as a minister of

a) Culture
✓b) Education
c) Science and Technology
d) Youth and Sports

Exercise 6
Work in pairs and find out two things or achievements about each of the
following famous women. Once you have orally discussed, write the two
things/ achievements of each of these women in your notebooks.

er
1. Fatima Jinnah
2. Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan

nt
3. Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz
4. Professor Anita Ghulam Ali
5. Bilquis Edhi
Ce
ish
( Fatima Jinnah ) ( 1893 - 1969 )

1) She left dentistry to live with her brother and support him
gl

2) She helped the Muslim women to seek the guidance of Quaid e Azam
En

( Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan ) ( 1905 - 1990 )

E

1) She was honorary secretary of All India Muslim League

2) She was the founder of the All Pakistan Women association (APWA)
M

( Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz ) ( 1896 - 1979 )

1) She was the first woman to make a speech in London Guild Hall
2) She represented the Muslim women at the three Round Table conferences held in London.

( Professor Anita Ghulam Ali ) ( 1934 - 2014)

1) She was a popular newscaster.

2) She served twice as the Sindh Minister of Education.

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

( Bilquis Bano Edhi ) ( 1947)

1) She is a philanthropist and professional nurse.

2) She is head of Edhi Foundation.

Exercise 7
Read the text and fill in the following table. First fill in the years of birth and
death and then put the chronological order ( chronological order means the
order in which things happened). Finally, write their main contribution.
After you have completed, discuss your answers with your partner.

er
Name Year of Year of Chronolog Chronolog Main

nt
birth death ical order ical order contributi
by year of by year of on for

Fatima 1893 1969

Ce
birth
1
death
1
Pakistan
She helped
ish
Jinnah Quaid e
Azam in the
struggle for
the
gl

establishme
nt of
En

Pakistan

Bilquis Bano 1947 Alive 5 5 / Alive Her Edhi

Edhi foundation
E

provides
nationwide
M

support and
care to the
public

Anita Ghulam 1934 2014 4 4 Under her

leadership
the
foundation
played a
remarkable
role in
promoting
quality

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

education
and in
bringing
many out of
school
children to
school

Begum 1896 1979 2 2 She travelled

Jahan Ali Ara widely and
Shahnawaz explained to
the people of
other
countries.
Why the

er
Muslim in
India wanted

nt
a separate
state

Ra'ana
Liaquat Ali
Khan
1905 1990
Ce
3 3 She
arranged
meetings of
ish
the Muslim
League
women with
gl

the wife and

daughters of
the viceroy
En
E

Exercise 8
M

Work in pairs and orally complete the following statements by giving

reasons. After you have discussed all the statements, write the complete
sentences in your notebook. The first one has been done as an example.

1) Sana was worried because she did not have a computer for gathering information

2) Aliya suggested that they use the IDEAL tool because they wanted to find out the
answer of the problem.

3) The Muslim women benefitted from Fatima Jinnah's support because she transferred
the guidance of Quiad e azam to them

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

4) Begum Rana Liaquat Ali worked as a secretary because the Muslim League could not
afford the salary of a secretary

5) Begum Jahan Ara could explain Muslims' point of view to people in many countries
because it was too important for establishment of Pakistan

6) Professor Anita Ghulam Ali was awarded the Pride of Performance and
Sitara-e-Imtiaz because she made a foundation played a remarkable role in promoting
quality education and in bringing many out of school children to school.

7) Bilquis Edhi has received the Hilal-e-lmtiaz award because her tireless efforts for the
betterment of the Pakistan society.

er
8) Maryam said that she wanted to be an educationist because she inspired with Anita

nt
Ghulam Ali and her grandmother.

Ce
9) Daniyal said that he wanted to be like Abdul Sattar Edhi because he would like to help
all human being in trouble.
ish
Exercise 9
Work in groups of three. Think of one thing that you can do during the
gl

summer vacations that will help people or improve things in the area where
En

you live. Use the IDEAL tool to help you identify the problem and find the
solution.
E

Identify ----- what is the problem that you want to address

There are lots of garbage in our area and we want to vanish it from our area
M

during summer vacation.

Define ------- what do you want to do

We will spread information about garbage's dangers and try to clean it.

Explore ------ find details about the problem

Garbage spreads due to our irresponsible behaviour. We ought not to throw
garbage in our street or area

Action ------- what steps will you take to address the problem
We will give information about garbage pollution by social media to our relatives
and area's people

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UNIT 6.1 READING COMPREHENSION

We will make a team to clean the garbage from whole area and Street

Look back ----- how will you check to see that you have done your task
We will survey the area and check . Are people throwing garbage or not ? And
garbage is being removed or not ?

Next, decide
► Who will do what
► What are some of the things that you will need
► By what time will you do the different things
► When will you complete the task

er
Each group will then come and share their plans with the rest of the class.

nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 6.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: Asking for and expressing preferences, by giving reasons.

Exercise 1
Work in groups of four. Each one of you can take on the of one character.
Role play scene

It's time to go on study leave. You and your friends are discussing how to
plan your studies in a way that you can revise all the subjects effectively
and efficiently and be well prepared for the exams. You all want
independent study time and also some group study time. Discuss your
schedule. Remember to disagree politely. You may use your own names.

er
For example

nt
Tariq: I don't understand why you want to study so early in the morning. I find

Saira:
it very hard to do so. Ce
One reason is that I'm quite used to waking up early for school as it is.
ish
So, I want to continue the same routine during the study holidays.
What do you think, Adnan?
Adnan: Yes, that's the time the mind is fresh after a good night's sleep. What
gl

about you, Zohair?

En

Zohair: Well, I....

Continue with the above dialogue by expressing your preference of time

E

and place, and the subject that you would like to revise first, by giving
M

reasons. Use a variety of sentences.

Examples:
● I prefer studying after lunch ------- reason
● I like studying at night ------- reason
● I think we should -------- then reason

Zohair: well, I want to study after the lunch because it is a peaceful time and we will study
easily after the lunch.

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UNIT 6.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Tariq: I like to study in night because it will very easy to us and we will manage the time
easily . What will you say Saira?

Saira: It is not a good time for studying because in the night there are lots of noise in the
house and we will not manage our study easily. I do not manage the time in the night.

Adnan: I think. Saira is right, we will find a time in the evening it will better for all us and we
will revise lots of courses and help each other.

Tariq: okay, I agree with you. We can study in group in the evening.

Zohair: well, I also agree with you and we can cover lots of courses together and help each

er
other so you can come in the evening at my house for revision. I will manage all
things.

nt
Saira: Okay, I also agree with evening time and in morning I will study independently and in

Ce
evening we can study in group and Zohair's house is near from my house so it is too
helpful for me.
ish
Zohair: We will follow this routine from upcoming Monday so everyone come on time to my
house and we will cover lots of course in group
gl

Tariq: First day we will study only English

En
E
M

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UNIT 6.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Synonyms

A synonym is a word or phrase that means almost or nearly the same as

another word or phrase in the same language, for example shut is a
synonym of close . Though, synonyms can sometimes replace each other
but many times they cannot, depending on the context of their use.

Exercise 1
Do the following exercise in your notebook. Rewrite the sentences by
replacing the synonym given in bold with an appropriate synonym from the
four given options.

er
Share your answers with your partner. after both of you have completed
your work.

nt
1) He is a brilliant carpenter. He has made a doll house with miniature furniture for every
room.
a) pretty b) tiny ✓ c) fresh Ced) tall
ish
2) Mrs Amjad gave the class a difficult assignment for chemistry.
a) free b) easy c) caring d) hard ✓
gl

3) My grandmother is old. She is about 90 years old.

En

a) elderly ✓ b) crazy c) charming d) friendly

4) Our principal is very smart and slim.

a) tall b) thin ✓ c) charming d) strict
E
M

5) A stable government ensures that a nation will progress.

a) friendly b) steady ✓ c) strong d) outgoing

6) Farzana is always ready to help the people in her neighbourhood.

a) teach b) guide c) assist ✓ d) train

7) I feel drowsy after having rice for lunch.

a) lazy b) active c) happy d) sleepy ✓

8). The house next door has been vacant for two years.
a) dirty b) empty ✓ c) robbed d) painted

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UNIT 6.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 2
Work with a partner and select the most appropriate synonym to complete
the following sentences. Three synonyms are given in brackets at the end
of each sentence but only one is appropriate in the given context.
Remember to use the full stop at the end of the sentence.

a) This cup of tea tastes like tea flavoured water. It is very Weak . (weak, frail, fragile)

b) If one wants to succeed in the exams, it is important to study regularly.

(primary, important, significant)

er
c) During the monsoon rains the water in the rivers becomes very rough .
(disordered, violent, rough)

nt
d) The ruins of Moen-jo-Daro are old .

e)
(old, past, aged)

Pakistan is rich
Ce
in minerals. (rich, wealthy, affluent)
ish
f) My mother has to go to the NADRA office because her ID card is no longer valid .
(valid, authorized, legitimate)
gl

g) The bangles her grandmother gave her are made of real gold .
En

(true, correct, real)

h) The teacher asked the students to remain quiet as the class next door was doing
E

a test. (still, quiet, noiseless)

M

i) This perfume has a lovely fragrance (odour, smell, fragrance)

j) The entire staff in the office was full of appreciation for the new manager
(appreciation, admiration, praise)

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UNIT 6.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 3
Four words in the following set of five words are synonyms; one word is
different. Circle the word that you think is different. After completing the
exercise share your work with your partner.

a) friendly agreeable pleasant decent amicable

b) option nice choice possibility alternative
c) reasonable rude impolite cheeky disrespectful
d) severe serious harsh stable stern
e) huge large enormous mammoth many
f) rubbish garbage garden trash refuse
g) polite intelligent smart clever bright

er
h) position vacancy opening clean post
i) mistake correct error inaccuracy slip

nt
j) disease ailment wound illness disorder

Exercise 4
Ce
ish
Work with a partner, select any six groups in Exercise 3. Next, pick two
synonyms from each of the selected groups and use both these synonyms
gl

in your own sentences. Do this work on a piece of paper.

After you have completed, exchange your paper with another pair. Read
En

each other's work and give useful feedback.

According to the feedback received, make changes, where necessary, and
write the sentences in your notebooks.
E
M

Words Sentences
a) Friendly My beloved uncle is too friendly with me.
Amicable I am too amicable with children.

b) Choice My choice is too good in clothes selection.

Option There is a delete option in the keyboard.

c) Rude Some people's behavior is too rude in anger.

Cheeky We should not meet with cheeky people.

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UNIT 6.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

d) Severe My friend was in severe fever.

Stern The teacher's stern look reduced him to silence.
e) Huge There are lots of huge building in Dubai.
Large whale is a very large mammal.

f) Garbage we ought not to to throw garbage in our street or area.

Trash There are lots of trash file in my computer

Revision: Use of since and for

Since and for are two words that are used for similar, but not exactly the
same, purposes.

er
Since gives the starting point of actions, events or states, continuing until

nt
the present. It refers to when things began. It can only be used with the
perfect tenses.

Since + a point in time (in the past) until now.

● I've been waiting since 7 o'clock.
Ce
ish
● I have known him since January.
● I have been here since 5 o'clock and I am getting tired.
gl

● It has been three years since the last earthquake.

En

We use For when we measure the duration --when we say how long
something lasts. We can use all verb tenses with For.
E

For + a period of time

M

● I have known her for a long time.

● I lived here for ten years and then moved to another place.
● They are exercising for three hours today.

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UNIT 6.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

For vs Since

Knowing when to use FOR and when to use SINCE it's important

FOR is used to mention a specific SINCE is used to mention the

period ( or duration ) of time starting point of a period of the
( continuous to now )

I have been a doctor for 15 years I have been a doctor since

( duration = 15 years ) 1992 ( starting point = 1992)

er
Exercise 5

nt
Work with a partner and discuss which blanks in the following text will
have since and which ones will have for. After discussing, write the
complete paragraph in your notebooks.
Ce
My father is a remarkable man. He has been working since he was 15 years old. He has been
ish
working since he was at school. He used to work for four hours every day and on weekends.
He has now worked in the same factory for 25 years. since he started working at the factory,
gl

he has been promoted many times. He was initially hired for a period of three months but he
has been working there ever since . He was hired as a peon with the responsibility of making
En

tea and delivering parcels and documents as required. He started working for Rs 25/a day.
If he fell ill or if he was absent, he did not get paid for that day. But my father was a good and
committed worker. He only took off for serious emergencies, like illness and death. In fact, there
E

were periods when he didn't take a single holiday for many months at a time. He soon earned
the respect of his co-workers and boss, and since then, he has risen higher and higher. He has
M

now worked for the same factory for 25 years. He was offered retirement when he completed
25 years but he said that he would like to work for a few more years. He hopes he will save
enough to start a small manufacturing unit of his own, in a few years time.

Exercise 6
Write a paragraph explaining what your three favourite hobbies or free time
activities are/ were. Make sure you explain why you started, how long you

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UNIT 6.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

have done them for, when did you start them, do you still do them, and why
you like them so much. Remember to use for and since in your sentences.

Here is an example:

One thing I like doing during my free time is reading. I have been reading
story books since I was ten years old. So, I have been reading story books
for nearly six years now. Although I have been reading since I was ten
years old, I think I will do it for many more years: in fact. I think I will do it
for the rest of my life

er
Another thing…………………….

nt
Yet another thing that I did was……………………

Ans Ce
Another thing I love doing in my free time is writing stories. I have been writing stories since I
ish
was 14 years old. I have been writing stories for more than two years now. I have read so many
stories that I have many plots of stories in my mind. I have planned to write all those ideas in the
form of stories.I don't know how long it will take to write all those ideas in written form but since
gl

I have decided, I am going to do it.

En

Yet another thing that I did was collecting stamps. I was doing it since I was nine years old
because I liked the colourful stamps at that time. But I stopped collecting stamps when I was
eleven years old. I did that hobby for nearly two years. I stopped doing that because I need
E

money to buy
M

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UNIT 6.4 WRITING

Narrative Essay: {Further Practice)

As discussed in Unit 2.4, a narrative essay focuses on telling a story. It
includes important details about the incident such as:
When and where the event/ incident took place
What happened, mention significant details
What is its significance at the personal, societal, country level

Exercise 1
Work in groups of three. Go back to Unit 2.4 and read the tips on writing a
narrative account.
Next, imagine you are reporters for a newspaper. An important event has

er
taken place in your area and you have to write a report and submit it for
publication.

nt
Each one of you should think of one important event / incident that you
would like to report. Share your stories with each other. Select one of the
Ce
stories for writing a report. Then, follow the steps given in Unit 2.4,
Exercise 3, to write a narrative essay.
ish
Narrative essay
gl

Essay on Road Accident: Road accidents have become very common nowadays. As more
En

people are buying automobiles, the incidences of road accidents are just increasing day by day.
Furthermore, people have also become more careless now. Not many people follow the traffic
rules. Especially in big cities, there are various modes of transports. Moreover, the roads are
E

becoming narrower and the cities have become more populated.

M

Thus, road accidents are bound to happen. You pick up a newspaper and you will find at least
one or two news about road accidents daily. They cause loss of life as well as material. People
need to be more careful when on the road, no matter which mode of transport you are from.
Even the ones on foot are not safe because of the rise in these incidences. Every day people
witness accidents in the news, from relatives and even with their own eyes.

Once I was on my way back home from festive shopping when I witnessed a road accident. I
was with my sister and it was around 6 o’ clock in the evening. In the middle of the road, we saw
a crowd surrounding something. We weren’t quite sure what was happening as the first thought
that came to our mind was that it was probably a quarrel between two men. However, when we
reached the spot, we found out an accident had taken place.

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UNIT 6.4 WRITING

After that, we got to know the whole story. A man was crossing the road when a truck hit him
leaving him severely injured. The man was lying on the ground bleeding profusely and people
were calling for an ambulance. We instantly called up the ambulance but time was running out.
Therefore, an auto driver took the man in his auto and rushed to the hospital

Subsequently, the police arrived as the people had caught the driver and were beating him up.
After the police came, they caught hold of the driver and asked about the incident. Later, we
came to know that the driver was drunk. The police detained him and went to the hospital for a
statement. Fortunately, the driver was declared out of danger. The doctors dressed his wounds
and informed that he was still in shock.That incident made me realize how precious our lives
are. In addition, as to how we take it for granted. We must all be very careful when on road, on

er
foot or by a car that does not matter. We can adopt measures that will prevent road accidents.

nt
Summary Writing: (Further Practice)

Ce
A summary gives brief information about a topic. Go to Unit 2.4 and read
again the Do's and Don'ts of summary writing.
ish
Exercise 2
Work in pairs. Read the following passage and underline the main ideas/
gl

words in each paragraph; do not include any details. The first paragraph
has been done as an example.
En

Helen keller
E

How fortunate are those who are born into this world with two eyes to see all its beauty! But
M

there are some unfortunate people who can neither see nor hear. They cannot see the lovely
flowers blooming in the gardens or hear the birds singing sweet songs. But, worse is the fate of
those who could see and hear once, and then no more. However, many of them are courageous
and bold! They accept the challenge of their fate and try to live life cheerfully. One such brave
and courageous person was Helen Keller.

Helen Keller was born in 1880 in a little town of the United States of America. Up to the age of
two, she was quite a normal child; she could see and hear everything. In February 1882, little
Helen fell seriously ill and became blind and deaf. Her parents were very sad, but they never
gave up; they never lost hope

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UNIT 6.4 WRITING

When Helen was seven years old, her life changed completely. Her father heard about Miss
Sullivan, a woman who had become blind at one time but she was one of those lucky few who
regained their sight. This woman chose to thank God for His kindness by helping other blind
people and bringing hope and happiness in their lives. Helen's father approached her and asked
her to come and look after his blind child. Miss Sullivan agreed and started teaching Helen.

One day the two of them went to the river bank Miss Sullivan took Helen's hand and dipped it in
the water. Slowly she made her write "w-a-t-e-r" in the sand. She made Helen do the same thing
several times and finally Helen could spell the word' water'. Helen felt excited because she knew
that at last there would be some light in her dark world. The work was very slow and difficult, but
Miss Sullivan was very kind and patient. Little by little, she taught Helen about mountains and
rivers and about history and geography. She even taught her how to count and do sums.

er
When Helen was eight, she was sent to school for blind children. Although Helen was blind and
deaf, she could speak. But, she had forgotten how to speak. Her teacher was aware that often

nt
people who could not hear did not speak because we speak the words and language that we
hear. So, she started helping her to regain her speech. She would put Helen's hand on her own

Ce
lips and let her feel the movements of the lips at the time of speaking. Helen did many exercises
of this kind and finally, at the age of ten, she was able to speak again. "What a joy!" she
exclaimed.
ish
By and by, she learnt to read books. These books were printed in a special language developed
for blind persons, called "Braille". The words were written with raised points instead of being
gl

printed and she read them by touching them with her fingers. In this way, she was able to read
as much as other people could. She passed all her examinations easily. She went to college,
En

and then to the Harvard University. She graduated from the university without difficulty. In fact,
she proved to be a better student than many others. Her teachers loved and admired her
E

In 1956, Helen Keller visited Pakistan. She was seventy-six but still very active. She came to
Pakistan to see how she could help other deaf and blind people. She addressed many
M

gatherings and encouraged those with similar short comings. She also visited the school for the
deaf, dumb and blind, in Karachi. Addressing the students, she said, "How wonderful it is to be
with you my sons and daughters! Always be happy and cheerful. Never curse your fate. You can
do everything in this world." She also praised the volunteers, who were working and teaching
there with so much zeal and self-less dedication.

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UNIT 6.4 WRITING

Exercise 3
Work in pairs. Use the underlined key words and write a summary of the
above passage. Look at the Do's and Don'ts given in the boxes in Unit 2.4.
You may begin like this:
Summary

Most people are very lucky as they can see all things around them. But some people cannot see
or hear. However, there are also those unfortunate ones who could once see and hear but are
now blind and deaf. Some such people are brave and they take this as a challenge. One such
person was Helen Keller.

Helen Keller was born in 1880 in a small town in the USA. She was a normal child. But in

er
February 1882, she fell ill and became blind and deaf, but her parents never lost hope. At the
age of seven, her father asked Miss Sullivan to look after Helen. Miss Sullivan had become

nt
blind once but regained her sight. She thanked God by helping other blind people. Miss Sullivan
agreed to teach Helen.

Ce
One day Miss Sullivan made Helen write the word "w-a-t-e-r" in the sand. At last, Helen could
able to spell the word 'water' Very slowly Miss Sullivan taught Helen about different things,
ish
including counting and sums.

At the age of eight, Helen went to school for blind children. Helen has forgotten how to speak.
gl

Her teacher helped her to regain her speech by the movements of her lips. After a lot of
exercises, at the age of ten, Helen was able to speak again.
En

Helen learnt to read books in "Braille", a special language for blind persons. She read them by
touching the words She passed her examinations and went to the Harvard University after
E

college. She graduated from that university.

M

In 1956, at the age of seventy six she visited Pakistan to help and encourage deaf and blind
people. In her address at the school for the deaf, dumb and blind in Karachi, she said the
students not to curse your fate and told them they could do everything in this world. She also
praised the volunteers who worked for them.

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UNIT 6.5 STUDY SKILLS

Writing an article based on points

Very often we note down points when listening to a speech or a lecture.

Later on, we sometimes need to write down that information in the form of
a report or an essay. The table below has information in point form.

1) Location Pakistan-China border, Northern Areas of

between Gilgit, in Gilgit Pakistan,
Baltistan (Pakistan) between Chilas and
and the Tashkurgan Astore in Diamer

er
Tajik Autonomous
County of Xinjiang

nt
(China)

2) Height 28,253 feet (8,612

meters) Ce 8,126 meters (26,660
feet)
ish
3) Mountain Range Karakoram Himalayas

4) World ranking second-highest ninth highest mountain

gl

mountain in the world in the world

En

5) Ranking in Pakistan highest second highest

6) Common name "K2" given in 1852 by Nanga Parbat, literal

British surveyor T.G. meaning "Naked
E

Montgomerie, "K" for Mountain"

M

Karakoram Range and

"2" for second highest
peak. Later named
Mount
Godwin-Austen,afterHa
vershamGodwin-Auste
n, a British surveyor
and explorer

7) Other names Local name Chogori, Local name Diamer or

from Balti words Deo Mir, meaning
chhogori, meaning "huge mountain"

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UNIT 6.5 STUDY SKILLS

"large mountain."
Chinese
nameQogir meaning
"Great Mountain"
Local name Kechu

8) Nickname "Savage Mountain" for "Killer Mountain"as 31

its severe weather and people died trying to
high death rate. climb it before its first
ascent

9) First attempt to 1902, British climbers 1895, Albert

reach the summit Aleister Crowleyand F.Mummery and team

er
Oscar Eckenstein, reached almost 6100 m
reached almost 18600 ( 20,000 ft )

nt
feet (5,670 metres)

10) Date the summit

was first reached
July , 31, 1954
Ce July , 3 , 1953
ish
11) First ascended by AchilleCompagnoni Austrian climber
and Lonolacedelli Hermann Buhl
( Italy )
gl

12) Pakistani climbers August 9, 1977,Ashraf Not known

En

Aman, the first

Pakistani reached K2
July26, 2014, first team
of Pakistani climbers
E

reached K2
M

13) Best time for Usually climbed in Climbed in both

clamping June, July, or August. summer and winter,
K2 has never been First successful winter
climbed in winter climb February 26,
2016, by Ali
Sadpara,Alex Txikon,
and Simone Moro

14) Climbing records Till 2014, over 335 Till 2012, at least 68
climbers reached K2's climbers died
summit, minimum 82

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UNIT 6.5 STUDY SKILLS

people died

15) Death rate 27 precent 22,3%

Exercise 1
Work in pairs. Read the information about K2 given in the table above.
Write an essay about K2 by following these steps:

1. Discuss in how many paragraphs you can divide the given

information. For example, one para can cover points 1-5, another,

er
points 6-8, and so on.
2. Write an introductory paragraph; begin generally by writing about

nt
Pakistan, its physical features (mountains, lakes, deserts, rivers, sea,

Ce
etc.), then about the high mountains in Northern Pakistan. The final
sentence should state what will you write about K2.
3. Write a good topic sentence for each paragraph.
ish
4. Write the supporting details for each topic sentence (3-5 sentences)
5. Write a concluding paragraph.
6. Edit your work for spelling, punctuation and grammar errors.
gl

7. Exchange your essay with another pair and give each other good
En

feedback.
8. Revise your essay after the feedback and write it in your notebooks.
E
M

Essay On K2

There are lots of beautiful places in Pakistan. It has enormous rivers, Mammoth forest and huge
mountains. Pakistan has desert areas, forest areas, mountain ranges. Pakistan has the second
largest mountain in the world. Whose name is K2. It is located in Pakistan, China border,
between Gilgit, in Gilgit Baltistan (Pakistan) and Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous Country of
Xinjiang(China). Some parts of K2 are in China. The height of K2 is 28,253 feet (8,612) meters.
K2 mountain is very huge and dangerous. K2 lies in Karakoram mountain range. It is the highest
mountain of Pakistan. Lots of people visit the K2 mountain and try to climb it however it is not an
easy job.

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UNIT 6.5 STUDY SKILLS

The name K2 was given by British surveyor T.G Montgomerie in 1852. "K" for Karakoram
Range and "2" for second highest peak. Later named Mount Godwin-Austen, after Haversham
Godwin-Austen, a British surveyor and explorer. The other local names of K2 are Chogori from
Balti Chhogori meaning " large mountain " this mountain is also famous in China and Chinese
name is Qogir meaning " Great Mountain ". Yet another local name of K2 is Kechu

There are too many climbers visit the K2 and try to climb it, but there are lots of climbers have
been died in this try . The nickname of K2 is "Savage Mountain" for its severe weather and high
death rate. The weather of K2 is too cold and no one can bear it without equipment. The first
attempt to reach the summit was done by British climbers Aleister Crowley and Oscar
Eckenstein in 1902 . They reached 18600 feet ( 5,670 meters ). The K2 was fully reached on

er
July 31 1954.

nt
The first ascended by AchilieCompagnoni and LinoLacedelli ( Italy). Too many Pakistani
Climbers tried to climb the K2. In August 9, 1977 Ashraf Aman, the first Pakistani reached K2

Ce
July 26, 2014 first team of Pakistani Climbers reached K2. June, July and August are the best
time to climb the k2 ,in winter weather of K2 is savage and severe. Climbing records till 2014
are over 335 climbers reached K2's submit, minimum 82 people die. The highest death rate of
ish
K2 is 27 percent.
gl

Exercise 2
Work individually and write an essay on Nanga Parbat. Follow the steps
En

above. After you have completed, exchange your work with your partner
and give each other feedback. When you receive feedback, revise your
essay and write it in your notebook.
E
M

Essay On Nanga parbat

Northern area of Pakistan has lots of beauty such as rivers,snow and mountains. Too many
visitors from all over the world are attracted towards this beauty. In this area Nanga Parbat lies
which is the second largest mountain in Pakistan and ninth largest mountain in the world. The
location of Nanga Parbat is Northern area of Pakistan between Chillas and Astore in Diamer .
Its height is 8,126 metres and 26,660 feet. The common name is Nanga parbat whose literal
meaning is "Naked Mountain" .It is located in Himalayas mountain range.

Too many climbers visit the Nanga Parbat in summer and try to climb it but it is not an easy job
for anyone. The other name of Nanga Parbat is Diamer or Deo Mir meaning "Huge mountain"

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UNIT 6.5 STUDY SKILLS

These names are used by local people. This mountain nickname is "Killer Mountain" as 31
people died trying to climb it before its first ascent. It was really difficult to climb the mountain
because the weather is too severe and cold.

Too many people in the world tried to climb it. The first attempt to reach the summit was done by
Albert F.Mummery and his team in 1895 .They reached almost 6,100 m (20,000) ft. The summit
was first reached in July 3 1953. The first ascended was done by Austrian climber Harman Buhl.

It is really difficult to climb the Nanga Parbat in winter. The best time for climbing is Summer.
Nanga Parbat has been climbed in both summer and winter. First successful winter climb was in
February 26, 2016, by Ali Sadpara, Alex Txikon and Simone Moro. Till 2012, at least 68
Climbers were died trying to climb it. The death rate of Nanga Parbat is 22.3% it is less than
K2.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 6.6 FUN

Doing Something Different

Think of one thing that you would like to do when you grow up. Think of
doing something different; something that people do not normally do.

State

● What you will do

● Why do you want to do it
● How you will do it

er
Then take a piece of paper and show what you will do, why you will do it,
and how. You can write, draw or use pictures. Use colour pencils or other

nt
colours. Make your presentation bright and colourful.

Ce
After you have done it, share your dream with the rest of the class by
showing them your paper presentation.
ish

Doing Something Different

gl
En
E
M

Astronaut

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UNIT 6.6 FUN

What will you do

I want to become an astronaut because it is a really astounding profession.
Astronauts visit the space and Moon and space centre. It is really joyable
and amazing profession but it is a really hard profession for anyone. This
profession needs a lot of hard work and also luck.

Why do you want to do it

Becoming an astronaut, it is my dream of childhood and I learn for
becoming an astronaut, and I want to visit a space and Moon so that is why
I choose an astronaut profession.

er
How you will do it

nt
First I will acquire quality education in Pakistan from best university then I
will go abroad for further education. After my higher study. I will try to get
Ce
job in SUPARCO because SUPARCO provides an opportunity to common
people to fulfill this dream.
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 7.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

While reading

Exercise 1
The king asked the following people the three questions. However, the
order in which these people were asked is jumbled up. Read the text and
put them in the right order, by writing the number in the blank space. One
has been done as an example for you.

a) Common people 5

er
b) Ministers 2
c) Saint 6

nt
d) Scholars and wise-man 4
e) King himself 1
f) Courtiers 3
Ce
ish
Exercise 2

1) Did the king find his answers?

gl

A) The king wanted to find out the answers of his questions. After lots of hardwork King found
the answers of his questions.
En

2) Who gave him the answers?

A) King asked his questions from Minister, courtiers, scholars, wise-man and common people
E

and none give the answers of his questions, but only an old saint gave the answers of
king's questions with the example.
M

Vocabulary

Exercise 3
Read the text. Find the following words / phrases and underline them.

Words Meaning
(1) Discover find out
(2) evaded did not come within reach

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UNIT 7.1 READING COMPREHENSION

(3) disappointed feel embarrass

(4) consult go to someone for advice
(5) prodered think carefully for a long time before deciding
(6) destitute very poor / not having any money
(7) frequently very often
(8) determined not changing a decision once made
(9) glanced gave a quick look
(10) straight away immediately
(11) hospitality treating guests in a generous and welcoming manner
(13) break of day dawn
(14) bitter feeling great dislike our anger
(15) count on me depend on / consider
(16) departed left

er
Work with your partner and guess the meanings of these words. Then

nt
check the meanings given in the glossary at the end of the book to see if
you have guessed correctly

Exercise 4
Ce
Work in pairs and see how many of the given words in exercise 3 you can
ish
use in your own sentences. The pair who will make the most correct
sentences will be the winner.
gl

Words Sentences
En

(1) discover I will discover new way to learn.

(2) evaded We evaded the bad things in the mosque.
(3) disappointed My brother's behavior disappointed me.
E

(4) consult I will consult the problem with my teacher.

M

(5) pondered I pondered about my future.

(6) destitute We ought to help the destitute people.
(7) frequently I forgot my book in class frequently.
(8) determined I would like the determined people.
(9) glanced I glance on my brother's new mobile.
(10) straight away We should help the injured people straight away.
(11) hospitality Sindhi people's hospitality is astounding.
(12) break of day Working people wait the break of day.
(13) bitter Malaria is our bitter enemy.
(14) grief I felt the deep grief of my uncle death.

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UNIT 7.1 READING COMPREHENSION

(15) count on me Bearded man said to count on me as one of your most faithful
servants
(16) departed We departed from the occasion without eating food

Exercise 5
The following are statements about the story 'The Secret of
Success'. Read them and write (T) if the statement is true and (F)
if the statement is false, in the blanks provided. The first one has
been done as an example for you.

a) The king wanted to find answers to 5 questions. F

er
b) The answers were important for him to be able to control his army. F
c) The king was looking for the answers in order to succeed in life. T

nt
d) The king was happy with the answers that the group of learned men found. F
e) The saint was living in the jungle with his family. F
f)
g)
h)
The bearded man wanted to kill the king. Ce
The king accepted the saint's invitation to visit him in the jungle.

The bearded man had been injured by the king's servants.

F
T
T
ish
i) The saint asked the king to look after the bearded man. F
j) The bearded man became the king's loyal citizen. T
gl

Exercise 6
En

Work with a partner, and tick ( v) the right answer.

1) Which one of the following statements best summarizes the story?

E

a) The present has all the answers

M

b) The present is not what matters.

✓c) The present is the most important time.
d) The present gives you the most joy.

2) The saint who lived in the jungle was a very :

a) rich man
b) poor man
c) severe man
✓d) wise man

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UNIT 7.1 READING COMPREHENSION

3) The king went to see the saint :

✓a) all alone b) with all his soldiers
c) along with his family d) with all his courtiers
4) Who warned the king that the bearded man was coming?
a) his soldiers
✓b) the saint
c) his servants
d) his minister

5) After the bearded man left the saint told the king that:
a) he would not answer his questions
b) his questions were too difficult
c) the bearded man had answered his questions

er
✓d) all his questions had been answered

nt
Exercise 7

Ce
Read the text and complete the following sentences. Write the completed
sentences in your notebook.
ish
a) The king wanted to find the answers to the three questions because he was
discovering the secret of success and never wanted to feel
gl

b) The wise and learned men were unable to give the answers because they could not
En

see eye to eye with each other, and ended up arguing amongst themselves.

c) The king dressed himself in rags to meet the saint because he wanted to appear at
him poor and destitute
E
M

d) The king told his servants not to go with him because the saint could not findout the
identity of king

e) The king realized the saint's tired easily because The saint was too old and weak and
stopped frequently to rest

f) Although the saint did not answer his questions the king waited because The saint
was too weak and king wanted to help saint in digging.

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UNIT 7.1 READING COMPREHENSION

g) The bearded man was running towards the king because the king servants injured the
bearded man

h) The bearded man fainted when he reached the king because The bearded man was
too wounded and needed straight away help.

i) The king agreed to stay the night in the saint's hut because The night was very dark.
The king was too tired to return home.

j) The bearded man became the king's loyal servant because The King bandaged his
wounds and saved the life of bearded men

er
Exercise 8
Work with a group of 3-4 classmates and discuss whether the 'secret of

nt
success' is applicable to all people. Follow these steps:

Ce
1. Decide which one of you will write the points discussed by the group
2. Select the person who will present the group's ideas or thoughts to
ish
the class.
3. Discuss if the 'secret of success' applies to people in general or if it
only applied to the king.
gl

4. Give reasons for your point of view

En

5. The writer should write down the reasons.

6. Select the points that you want the presenter from your group to
share with the class.
E
M

Reasons

1) The answer which related from 'The Secret of Success' can be applicable to whole people

2) Everyone wants to become successful person whether he is common man or King.

3) Weather king or common men, if he works according to the answers of 'The Secret of
Success', he will become successful person.

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UNIT 7.1 READING COMPREHENSION

4) If King acts according to 'The secret of success' answers, he will achieve more respect in
nation.

5) The answers of 'The secret of success' will also help the children in their study.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 7.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: Demonstrating the use of simple conventions of public speaking

Exercise 1
Work in groups of six and prepare a two-minute speech on the following
topics by following the steps given below:
1. Water problem 7. 14th August
2. Electricity shortage 8. Literacy day
3. Sewerage system 9. Plantation
4. Waste disposal 10. Wild Life Protection
5. Education system
6. Health Facilities

er
Step 1 (15 minutes)

nt
Discuss one topic at a time. Follow these steps:
● Brainstorm for ideas --- remember you have only two minutes to
speak Ce
● Identify the focus ---- decide which aspect you want to cover
ish
● Organize your ideas ---- think which point will come first, second, and
so on
● For each point that you pick, have supporting details ----- how will
gl

you explain your point (examples, quotes, facts and figures, etc.)
En

Step 2
Prepare six chits, each one having one of the topics. Each member of the
E

group should pick up one chit and prepare a two-minute speech, based on
M

the discussion you had. You may add other points.

Step 3
Each member of the group should deliver a speech within the group. All
other members should listen and provide positive feedback and suggest
ways in which the speaker could improve. This is what you should do while
delivering your speech:
● Introduce yourself
● Introduce the topic
● Tell your group members briefly what you are going to talk about
● State point 1, explain, give examples, reasons, etc.

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UNIT 7.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

● State point 2, explain, give examples, reasons, etc.

● State point 3, explain, give examples, reasons, etc.
● Conclude your topic by briefly restating your main points
● Try and give an idea, suggestion, your viewpoint, etc. as the last
statement

Some points to remember while speaking

● Maintain eye contact with the audience
● Use appropriate gestures, but do so naturally; don't overdo
● Don't read from a paper; you may have cue cards with some points
● Use appropriate tone, pauses, and stresses, as this allows the

er
listeners to understand your point better

nt
Water Problem

Ce
1) Water is a fundamental need of human being, without water life cannot exist in the
world so we can not waste the water and save it for us and other .I see a lots of people
ish
who waste water so we ought to spread information about the importance of water and try to
stop the waste of water.
gl

2) In the future we will have to need a lots of water so we must make a dams in Northern
areas of Pakistan and different rivers because the population of Pakistan is increasing day
En

by day and little by little we will have to need more water.

3) In the end, I will say that we should realise the importance of water because water is really
E

important for animals, birds ,plants and other living things so we don't waste it. We ought to
try to save it from other people and other living things.
M

Exercise 2
Working in the same groups of six, prepare a two-minute speech that you
can deliver in the school assembly. Follow all the steps and directions as
given in Exercise 1. Here are the topics for the Assembly talk

1. Cheating 2. Regularity and punctuality.

3. Discipline 4. Cleanliness
5. Games and sports. 6. Team work

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UNIT 7.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Cheating

1) Cheating is not a right way to pass any exam. Cheating destroys the ability of students and
thinking of students, so we must not do it in exam and sport and other things because it is
unfair for everyone.

2) If student does cheating and pass the exam but he cannot acquire knowledge and wisdom.
He has only a degree that is why cheating is unfair for everyone. We ought to do hard work
and pass the exam with our hard work and ability.

er
3) If we want to get the dream in our life so we must do hard work and we ought not to use
unfair things include cheating or other bad things if we do this in exam so we will destroy

nt
our future with our own hand and in the end we can not get dream in life.

Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 7.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Translation

Translating from one language to another requires special skills. One

cannot translate word for word, as words take different meanings in
different contexts, even in the same language. Look at the following
examples and translate them into Urdu/Sindhi.

I will go to Murree in spring.

‫میں مری جاؤں گا بہار کے موسم میں۔‬
There is a spring of hot water at Manghopir, in Karachi.
‫منگوپیر کراچی میں گرم پانی کا چشمہ ہے ۔‬
Since a spring is broken, this clock is not working.

er
‫اگر اسپرنگ ٹوٹ جاتا ہے تو یہ گھڑی کام نہیں کرتی ہے‬
With a spring, the runner crossed the winning line

nt
‫کود کر رنر نے ویننگ الئن پار کی‬

Exercise 1 Ce
Translate the following sentences into Urdu/ Sindhi. Write the translated
ish
sentences in your notebook. After completing, share your work with your
partner. Make any changes needed and rewrite the sentences.
gl

1) The train left the station at 7 o'clock

En

.‫ بجے اسٹیشن سے‬7 ‫ٹرین نکلی‬

2) I can train you to become a good cricketer.

E

‫میں تمہاری مدد کر سکتا ہوں بننے میں کرکٹ کا ایک اچھا کھالڑی‬
M

3) There is plenty of light in this room.

‫کمرے میں بہت روشنی ہے‬

4) Please,light all the candles on the cake

‫ کیک پر لگی ساری موم بتیاں جال دو‬،‫برائے مہربانی‬

5) Jamal offered to book our seats on the bus.

‫جمال نے ہماری سیٹ بس میں مختص کرانے کی پیشکش کی تھی۔‬

6) Have you seen my new book?

‫کیا تم نے میری نئی کتاب دیکھی ہے ؟‬

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UNIT 7.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

7) The principal asked the students to state their reasons for being late.
‫پرنسپل نے کہا طلباء سے اپنے دیر سے آنے کی وجہ بتائیں۔‬

8) The state should ensure that all people follow the rules.
‫ریاست کو یہ یقینی بنانا چاہیے کہ ہر کوئی قانون کی پاسداری کرے ۔‬

9) This is exactly my point that we should leave early.

‫بالکل یہی تو میرا نقطہ ہے کہ ہمیں جلدی چلنا چاہیے ۔‬

10) Don't point at people when you are speaking about them.
‫لوگوں کی طرف اشارہ نہ کرو جب تم ان کے بارے میں بات کر رہے ہو ۔‬

er
11) My brother got the first rank in his final tests.
‫میرے بھائی نے اپنے آخری امتحان میں پہال درجہ حاصل کیا۔‬

nt
12) The rank of a soldier depends on many factors.

Ce‫ایک سپاہی کے عہدے کا انحصار کہیں چیزوں پر ہوتا ہے ۔‬

ish
Another point to remember while translating is that in figurative language
the meaning of the words or expressions used is different from the literal
gl

meaning.
En

Translate literally the following two sentences into Urdu/ Sindhi.

E

a) She has a sweet tooth.

M

b) This news is music to my ears.

The actual meaning of these sentences is as follows. Now, translate these

two sentences

a) She loves sweet things.

‫وہ میٹھی چیزیں پسند کرتی ہے ۔‬
b) I am very pleased to hear this news.

‫میں خوش ہوں یہ خبر سن کے ۔‬

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UNIT 7.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 2
Work in pairs and translate the following sentences into Urdu/ Sindhi, such
that you bring out their real meaning.

1) The sun peaked happily from behind the clouds.

‫سورج خوشی سے بادلوں کے پیچھے سے نمودار ہوا ۔‬

2) The trees danced back and forth in the wind.

‫درخت ہوا میں آگے پیچھے ہیلے‬

3) It was time to go home but the bell refused to ring.

er
‫وہ گھر جانے کا وقت تھا مگر گھنٹی نہیں بچی تھی‬

nt
4) The angry sky roared and threw lightening around.
‫آسمان میں گرج چمک ہوئی اور پھر بجلی چمکی‬

5) Ce
The delicious smell of pudding pulled me to the kitchen.
‫کھیر کی مزے دار خوشبو مجھے باورچی خانے میں لے گئی‬
ish
6) I can see that news travels quickly.
‫میں دیکھ سکتا ہوں یہ کہ خبریں بہت تیزی سے پھیلتی ہیں‬
gl

7) I wish you weren't always such a chicken.

En

‫میری خواہش ہے کہ تم ہمیشہ اتنے بزدل نہ ہوتے‬

8) The kids at that school are all brains.

‫اس اسکول کے سارے طالبعلم ہوشیار ہیں‬
E
M

9) You are my guardian angel.

‫آپ میرے سرپرست ہیں‬

10) I've been on cloud nine all day.

‫میں سارا دن انتہائی خوش رہا‬

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UNIT 7.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 3
This is a translation competition between groups. Here are the steps:

● Your teacher will divide you into groups of four.

● Each group will select 10 sentences from the story 'The Secret of
Success' and write them on a piece of paper.
● Once all the groups have written, the teacher will collect all the
papers and redistribute them to the other groups.
● These groups will translate them into Urdu/ Sindhi.
● After the translation has been done, one member from each group

er
will come up, read the sentence and its translation.
● If the translation is correct, the group gets a point.

nt
● The group(s) with the most points will win.

Ce
Translation
ish
1) He discussed the problem with them for many days.
‫اس نے کئی دنوں تک اس مسئلے پر ان سے بحث کی ۔‬
gl

2) The king decided to consult the wise and old saint.

En

‫بادشاہ نے اس بوڑھے عقلمند درویش سے مشورہ کرنے کا فیصلہ کیا۔‬

3) Many people came and talked to the king but their answers did not satisfy the king.
E

‫کئی لوگ آئے اور بادشاہ سے بات کی مگر ان کے جوابات بادشاہ کو مطمئن نہ کر سکے ۔‬
M

4) The king then asked his ministers to announce that whoever answers these questions,would
get a reward of 5000 gold coins .
‫ سونے کے سکے‬5000 ‫بادشاہ نے پھر اپنے وزیروں کو اعالن کرنے کو کہا کہ جو کوئی ان سواالت کے جواب دے گا اس کو‬
‫انعام دیے جائیں گے‬

5) The saint was digging the ground in front of his hut.

‫درویش اپنی جھونپڑی کے سامنے کی زمین کھود رہا تھا ۔‬

6) He tired quickly and stopped frequently to rest.

‫وہ جلد تھک جاتا تھا اور تھوڑا آرام کرنے کے لیے کئی بار رک جاتا تھا‬

7) The saint paid no attention to the king and continued digging.

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UNIT 7.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

‫درویش نے بادشاہ کی طرف کوئی توجہ نہ دی اور زمین کھود نا جاری رکھیں‬

8) After sometime the king repeated the questions and requested the answers.
‫کچھ وقت کے بعد بادشاہ اپنے سواالت دہراتا اور جوابات کی درخواست کرتا‬

9) The saint remained silent and pointed to one side.

‫درویش خاموش رہا اور ایک جانب اشارہ کیا‬

10) The king noticed that the man was injured.

‫بادشاہ نے دیکھا کہ وہ شخص زخمی تھا‬

Prefixes Continued

er
We sometimes add a pair or group of alphabets at the beginning of a word

nt
to add something to the meaning of a word. As discussed inUnit 4.3, these
are called prefixes.

Exercise 4
Ce
A. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'un' with the
ish
appropriate given words.
gl

happy friendly wise healthy grateful

En

1. An unhealthy person often falls sick.

2. Saba is very unfriendly and does not like meeting people.
3. People who are ungrateful never thank others for helping them.
E

4. Badar was very unhappy because he lost his favourite watch.

5. My uncle took an unwise decision due to which he suffered a loss.
M

B. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'in' with the
appropriate given words.

correct sufficient active attentive Complete

1. This small boy is very inactive and does not take part in any work.
2. The judge was upset with the prisoner for giving an incorrect statement to the court.
3. Don't leave your work incomplete or the boss will be angry.
4. Sajid is very inattentive in class; hence, he often fails in the tests.

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UNIT 7.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

5. This amount of money is insufficient if you want to buy a new computer.

C. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'dis' with the
appropriate given words.

satisfied obedient honest loyal agree

1. We sometimes disagree even with our very close friends.

2. We cannot trust dishonest people as they can cheat us.
3. A disobedient child can cause many problems for the whole family.
4. Our teacher was dissatisfied with our performance in the competition.
5. We should never be disloyal to our country.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 7.4 WRITING

Compare and Contrast Essay: Further Practice

Exercise 1
Work with a partner and revisit the tips on writing a compare and contrast
essay given in Unit 3.4. Also read the sample essay to refresh your
memory.
Next, write a compare and contrast essay on any one of the following
topics:
● Reading story books and reading course books
● What happens when a school has a good principal or a bad one

er
Follow the steps given in Unit 3.4, Exercise-4.

nt
Reading story books and Reading course books

Ce
(compare and contrast essay)

Books are the best friend of human beings. They provide company to persons in solitary. A
ish
person can learn lots of things from books. We have different kinds of books, some books are
story books and some books are course books etc, however both books provide knowledge and
wisdom to persons. We must learn both story books and course books but we ought to
gl

concentrate more on course books because it is really important for our exam and other things.
En

We cannot select course books from our desire because it is a part of our syllabus. We have to
learn course books for passing our exam and test without course books we cannot pass our
exam easily because very often papers are made by Course books. Some course books are too
E

interesting because in these types of books, there are lots of interesting chapters and activities
which provide us zeal. So course books are really important for a student life and career .
M

We read story books with lots of affection and interest because it is too interesting and too
joyful.Story books increase our imagination little by little. If we learn lots of story books, we will
see that our imagination level is increased, and we will imagine lots of interesting things. Story
books also provide wisdom and knowledge but we cannot pass our exam or test from story
books because they aren't part of our syllabus, and our papers will not come from story books.

Conclusion story books and course books both are good for a person, however we ought to give
more time to course books then story books. And we can learn story books in free time and
vacation. In the end, We also ought to do that we practice more and more course books
because course books will give good marks in exams or tests.

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UNIT 7.4 WRITING

Exercise 2
Work individually, and write a compare and contrast essay on the
remaining topic from the two given above. Follow all the steps given in Unit
3.4.
Once you and your partner have completed your essay exchange your
work with each other. Read each other's work and provide critical feedback.

What happens when a school has a good principal or a bad one

(Compare and contrast essay)

er
Every school has a principal. He controls all activities of the school and makes rules and
regulations for teachers, students and staff. Principal plays a very active role in school progress

nt
and success, without principal contribution any school cannot achieve success in any field.
Good principal makes sure that everyone follows the rules and regulations of school, and all

Ce
staff, teachers and students come at the time. Bad principal doesn't focus on the school
progress, success and time regulation.
ish
Good principal has all leadership qualities. He leads his staff, teachers and students and takes
decisions in the favour of school and students . He plays important roles in the school. A good
principal visits to classes, and checks the progress of the students, teachers and staff. He also
gl

attends assembly and checks the students behaviour and other things. A better principal also
meets from the student's parents and guardians and informs them about student's progress.
En

A bad principal does not come to school regularly. He does not attend assembly and also does
not check the progress of students. He does not make rules and regulations for staff, teachers
E

and also students. He gives a free hand to the entire school. The progress of school clearly
M

depends on the principle, without good principal school can't achieve anything.

In the end, The role of principal cannot be neglected in any school. So we must follow the
instructions of our principal. If any problem happens in the school or anything, so we can write
an application to the principal, and principal will take action on an application and good principal
always takes action at application. Conclusion, bad principal does not fulfill his job honestly and
administration is destroyed.

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UNIT 7.4 WRITING

Informal emails : Further practice

Exercise 3
Work with your partner and read the sample emails in Unit 3.4. Discuss how
a letter is different from an email. Note the differences in your notebook.

Email Letter
1) Email is brief and short Letter is detailed and long

2) It is fast in sending It is slow in sending

er
3) Reply of email is also fast Reply of letter is not fast

nt
4) If we want to send email we need a If we want to send letter we need a postcard
Computer, smartphone, laptop, etc

Exercise 4
Ce
ish
Work in pairs and write an informal email to a class fellow, on a piece of
paper on any one of the following
gl

1. Requesting for help with some school work that you are finding
En

difficult
2. Suggesting that you something together during your free time
E

Follow the format given in the emails in Unit 3.4.

M

Once you have completed, edit your work for correct spellings, grammar,
and punctuation. Also check to see that it is an informal email and not a
letter.
Next, exchange your email with another pair. Read each other's work and
write a response to the other pair's email. Give back the response to the
pair who gave it to you.
Read the response you have received. Edit it for correct spellings,
grammar, and punctuation and then write both, the email you wrote and the
response you received, in your notebook.

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UNIT 7.4 WRITING

Requesting for help with some school

work that you are finding difficult

To : [email protected]

Cc : [email protected]

Subject : Requesting to help in English homework

Salam
I need your help Hasan. I am feeling some difficulty in English homework exercises
because today's English homework is too difficult, and I can't do this homework in solitary so

er
can you help me in English homework. I am feeling difficulty in unit 6.5 exercises 1 and 2. I
am not understanding, How will I write essays on the topic K2 and Nanga Parbat but I know

nt
you are quite well in English.
Please help me, and please tell me the time in which you can help me in
English homework, so I am waiting for your reply.

Regards
Faiz
Ce
ish
gl
En

Exercise 5
Work individually and write an email to your partner, again on a piece of
E

paper, on the remaining topic in Exercise 4. Then follow the same steps
M

with your partner a given in exercise 4:

● Write your email and edit it

● Exchange your email with your partner and write the response
● Return the response
● Read and edit the response
● Write in your notebooks

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UNIT 7.4 WRITING

Suggesting that you something

together during free time

To : [email protected]

Cc : [email protected]

Subject : Suggestion for learning new books

Salam
I know. You have been free from your final examination. I have also been free from my
paper, so I suggest you. We both can start learning new books. It will be really helpful for

er
acquiring wisdom and knowledge. In last year's summer vacation, I learned two different
books and they are really helpful for me and my papers, so we can start this in coming

nt
monday. I will wait for your positive reply.

Best wishes
Faiz Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 7.5 STUDY SKILLS

Creative Writing

Exercise 1
First, read the poem given below, silently.

Abou Ben Adhem

(James, Henry Leigh Hunt)

Abou Ben Adhem (May his tribe increase)

Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace,
And saw, within the moonlight in his room,

er
Making it rich, and like a lily in bloom,
An Angel writing in a book of gold.

nt
Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold,
And to the presence in the room he said,
'What writest thou?' The vision raised its head,
Ce
ish
And, with a look made of all sweet accord,
Answered, "The names of those who love the Lord."
gl

"And is mine one?" said Abou. "Nay, not so,"

En

Replied the Angel. Abou spoke more low,

But cheerily still, and said, "I pray thee, then,
Write me as one that loves his fellow men.
E
M

The angel wrote, and vanish'd. The next night

It came again with a great wakening light,
And show'd the names whom love of God had bless'd,
And lo! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest.

Now, in groups of four, recite the poem with one student reading one verse
each.

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UNIT 7.5 STUDY SKILLS

Exercise 2
Find the rhyming words from the poem and fill them in the first two
columns in the following table.

Then, think of two other words that rhyme with the words from the poem
and write them in the next two columns.
The first one has been done as an example.

Remember, rhyming words may have different spellings but similar sounds.

er
Rhyming Words from the Poem Additional Rhyming Words

nt
1) increase peace cheese geese

2) room

3) gold
bloom

bold
boom

told
Ce zoom

mould
ish
4) said head pad mad
gl

5) accord lord road rod

6) so low row snow

En

7) then men wen fen

8) night light sunlight might

E

9) bless'd rest west test

M

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UNIT 7.5 STUDY SKILLS

Exercise 3
Work with a partner and using words from the additional rhyming words,
your list and your partner's list, write a short poem, having at least eight
lines.

Life From Sunlight

Grass fully covers with sunlight

Darkness was vanished everywhere by light

er
Equipment ready for men
Men will work with heart in fen

nt
They will cultivate the gold
Those men are benevolent and bold Ce
ish
If water and sunlight will be low
There will many problem in a row
gl
En

Regard ( Sir FaiZ )

E
M

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UNIT 7.6 FUN

Odd one out

Work in pairs and do the following exercise:

Find the odd one out. From each word given in capital letters, many new
words can be formed. Out of the six words given, one is wrong, i.e. it
contains a letter that is either extra or it is not there in the main word. Circle
the word that is wrong. Add two more words (4 letters or more). The pair
that finishes first will be the winner.

1) INDISCREET

er
credit erect street✓ cried steer trees

nt
2) CONSISTENTLY
silent

3) PARADISE
praise
style

draper✓
scent

parade
costly

pride
Ce sister✓

spire
scones

spider
ish

4) FORTNIGHT
gl

fright throng thing tonight tight nought✓

En

5) ENDEAVOUR
rounder✓ drove devour vendor endure round

6) DISREPUTABLE
E

bleat petal brute stable steep tablet✓

M

7) CREATURE
cruet trace curate truce centre✓ create

8) IMPERTINENT
temper inert intent mitten repent invent✓

9) ADMINISTRATION
strain station mansion strong✓ rations storm

10) SEPARATE
spear spare pears trade✓ steep repeat

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful

While Reading

Exercise 1
Read the diary entries quickly and find out information for filling the
following table. One entry is narrative and the other is descriptive. After
filling the table, discuss with your partner.

Item Day Date Topic Place No of Type of

mention paragra Text

er
ed phs

nt
Entry 1 Wednes 10 / feb / Village life Karachi 7 Narrative
day 2015

Entry 2 Friday 4 / Aug /

2017
We need
to store
rain water
Ce River
Indus
8 Descriptive
ish
gl

Exercise 2
En

The words in the box have been taken from the text. Find them in the
reading text and underline them.
E

Entry no 1
M

Words Meaning
(1) desperately very much
(2) siblings brothers and sisters
(3) commuting travelling from one place to another
(4) gossips stories about other people's lives
(5) devices thing used for a particular purpose
(6) access be with reach for use
(7) replaced taken the place of

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Entry no 2

Words Meaning
(1) devastation great destruction or damage
(2) havoc great damage or destruction
(3) capture get control over something
(4) retain hold back
(5) structures things made of several parts
(6) releases let go
(7) irrigation supplying water for the growth of crops
(8) tamed made easy to control
(9) self sufficient have enough to meet one's needs
(10) surplus more than the amount needed

er
Discuss the possible meanings of these words with your partner next

nt
check the meanings given in the glossary at the end of the book.

Exercise 3 Ce
Work in pairs and write two paragraphs. Use at least five words from Entry
ish
1 to write one paragraph,and five words from Entry 2 to write the second
paragraph.
gl

Paragraph 1 ( entry 1 )
En

My siblings are too naughty children sometimes. They play with home devices and in playing,
they destroy these devices due to this we have to often buy new devices at cradit and
E

compromised our respect in front of other shopkeepers so we ought to keepaway home

devices from the access of small siblings
M

Paragraph 2 ( entry 2)

I want to see my country self-sufficient for this we have to develop the structures of irrigation
and in irrigation. We culture lots of water because water is necessary in irrigation that is why
we will have to retain lots of water for irrigation.

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 4
The following sentences are summary of each paragraph of the two entries.
Read the text and in the blanks provided, write the number of the paragraph
to which each sentence is related. One has been done as an example.

Entry 1

a) There were no roads and no vehicles. 4

b) The modern lifestyle has affected our health and our relationships. 7
c) I miss the simple village life. 1
d) Men met and discussed things at the Otaq and women at the village well. 6

er
e) Three families lived in three rooms. 2
f) The houses were not made of cement. 3

nt
g) People bought things from small shops. 5

Entry 2

a)
Ce
One of the barrages in Pakistan is the Guddu Barrage 5
ish
b) Construction of more barrages is an important need of Pakistan today 8
c) The Guddu barrage irrigates land in two provinces 6
d) Rivers has always been important for travel and for growing crops 2
gl

e) The flow of water is controlled through gates in a barrage 4

f) Many different people worked to complete the Guddu barrage 7
En

g) A way was found to store extra water for later use 3

h) Rains cause rivers to overflow, leading to flood 1
E
M

Exercise 5
How was the village life of the past different from the city life of today, as
given in the text? Complete the following table to show the difference.

Work in pairs and do this exercise in your notebook.

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Items Village life 60 years City life today

ago
1) House The houses were made from The houses are made from
wood, straw and mud cement and Steel

2 Roads / streets There were no roads / Street There are proper roads /
streets

3 Mode of travel The people travelled to walk The people use different
vehicles

4 Atmosphere There was no air pollution There is lots of air pollution

5 Shops / Markets Small shops and there were Large shops and there are

er
no supermarkets are too many super markets

nt
6 Buying from shops People brought things with There is no credit system in
credit supermarkets

7 Source of news
people Ce
Source of news was other Source of news are TV,
internet etc
ish
8 Information about Information spreaded about Information spreads about
people people from people to people people with TV news and
internet etc
gl

9 Source of Met in Otaq and well Use TV, YouTube etc

entertainment
En

10 Communicating with Communicated with people Communicate with phone

people with heart and touch SMS, e.mail etc
E
M

Exercise 6
Complete the following sentences in your notebook. After you have
completed, discuss your answers with your partner and make changes, if
needed.

a) Very few people had knee problems in the village because village people of all ages sat
on the floor, which exercised their knees.

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

b) The people in the village did not need vehicles because they just walked and went
their places.

c) People could buy things from the shops without money as village shopkeepers knew
everyone by name and were usually willing to give goods or credit.

d) When the men met at the Otaq in the evening they spend their free time, share news and
gossips, laughed at jokes, talked about weather, crops and the village.

e) The writer wanted a time machine so that he could go back sixty years, back to his life in
the village.

f) Rivers have always been important for two reasons (1) They are used as trade routes

er
(2) They have been important for growing food.

nt
g) The main purpose of barrages is to block the flow of water and store it for later use

Ce
h) The Guddu barrage has made a difference in this region by eliminating the damage
caused by flood in the area.
ish
i) Pakistan needs more barrages to control flooding during the rainy season and to supply
water throughout the year.
gl

j) Through proper water management we can grow surplus food items which can then
export and earn foreign exchange.
En

Exercise 7
E

Read the text and answer the following questions in your notebook. After
M

you have completed, discuss your answers with your partner.

( Question / answers )

a) What are the things that the writer was missing?

A) The writer was missing his village, the simple mud houses, simple toys and simple carefree
people whom he lived.

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

b) Why did the lanes in the village become slippery in the rainy season?
A) The narrow streets of the village were covered with mud, so in rainy season they became
slippery

c) Is the writer happy with his present life? Why? Why not?
A) He is not happy with his present life because he prefers the simple life and things of the
village to the comforts of the present life and is disgusted with the artificial things of modern
life.

d) Why do most parts of Pakistan have flood problems in summer?

A) Because of poor water management, in the rainy seasons, Pakistan's rivers overflow their

er
banks and create havoc far and wide. The population is dense and most of the population
is inhabitat near river.

nt
e) Why did people start building barrages?

Ce
A) Rivers flood during the rainy season and run dry or have very little water sometime after
the rains. People started building barrages to capture and retain the rain water for later use
and to prevent it from flooding.
ish
f) Do you agree/ think that we should build bridges? Why? Why not?
A) Bridges are very useful for transportation but in the current situation we need more
gl

barrages to overcome the water shortage. Rainwater can be stored. Floods can be avoided
by doing so, we will take the country towards development. I think we should build more
En

than bridges
E
M

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 8
Draw a mind map in your notebook. Use the following hints to provide,
information about the Guddu Barrage on a mind map.

er
nt
Ce
ish
gl
En

( Guddu Barrage )
E
M

Question Answers
1) Built on Built on the river Indus.

2) Breadth of river at Guddu Breadth of river guddu is 14 kilometres.

3) Breadth of barrage Breadth of barrage is 1 kilometre wide.

4) Length of barrage Length of barrage is 1355 kilometres.

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UNIT 8.1 READING COMPREHENSION

5) Amount of flood water that can flow Amount of flood water that can flow through it
through it is 1.2 million cusecs.

6) Number of main canals Number of main canals are three.

7) Names of right and left Bank canals Names of right and left bank canals are the
begari Sindh feeder and the Desert pat
feeder and the third canal the Ghotki feeder is
respectively.

8) Total area to be irrigated Total area to be irrigated is 2.7 million acres.

9) Names of districts irrigated Name of districts irrigated are Sukkur and

Jacobabad districts of Sindh and Kalat
division of the Balochistan province.

er
10) Number and kind of people involved in Number and kind of people involved in
construction construction more than 5000 engineers,

nt
technicians and labourers worked day and
night to complete it.

11) Started working on Ce

Started working on 4th February 1962
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 8.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus : Demonstrating the use of simple conventions of Debates

Here are some basic rules to follow while having a debate on a given topic

First pair
● State that you agree with the topic
● Give one reason at a time as to why you agree
● Support each reason with examples/ facts/ figures/ quotes, etc.
● Follow up with the next point(s) in the manner stated above

Second pair

er
● State that you disagree with the topic
● Give one reason at a time as to why you disagree

nt
● Support each reason with examples/ facts/ figures/ quotes, etc.
● Follow up with the next point(s) in the manner stated above
Ce
● Pick up on your opponents' point(s) and refute them (prove them
wrong ) by giving examples/ facts/ figures/ quotes, etc.
ish
gl

Exercise 1
En

Work in groups of four. Each group will be assigned two topics for debate
by the teacher. Do not start until your teacher asks you to do so. Form two
pairs within your group: one pair will be Pair A the other Pair B.
E
M

When the teacher asks you to start, pick up one topic. Pair A should
discuss points in favour of the topic and Pair B against it. After discussing
for 3-4 minutes, have a quick debate within the group. You will be given 10
minutes for each topic.

After 10 minutes, the teacher will ask you to start the debate on the next
topic. Now, group B will debate in favour of the topic and group A against
it. Again you will have 10 minutes.

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UNIT 8.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Here are the suggested topics for Exercise

1. Girls are more intelligent than boys.

2. Students who get good grades are intelligent.
3. Money is the most important thing for survival.
4. People fall sick only because they don't exercise.
5. You get respect if you give respect.
6. We can only help other people if we have a lot of money.
7. It is the government's responsibility to take care of all the needs of its
citizens.
8. Wisdom comes only through education.

er
nt
1) Girls are more intelligent than boys

Group A points ( Agree ) Ce Group B points ( Disagree)

ish
Point 1 : Girls are very intelligent because Point 2 : Lots of girls don't interest in study
they achieve good number in exam that is why, they don't take
and give more time to study then admission in school or college but
boys the boys do that.
gl

Reason : Because girls would like to achieve Reason : They show interest on other works
En

more marks in exams as like that cooking.

Example : Fatima Jinnah Example : Beautician

E
M

Point 2 : Girls always try to achieve higher Point 2 : Boys are intelligent than girls
education and want to become a because they have more
part of society and and want to responsibilities than girls.
serve in institution
Reason : Because in future, boy will have to
Reason : Because they also a part of country become a family leader.

Examples : Lady doctors and lady police Example : Father

officers etc

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UNIT 8.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Point 3 : In teaching field there are lots of Points 3 : The value of male teachers are
girls than boys, so this shows that more than female teachers that is
girls are more intelligent than boys. why there are lots of male
professor in universities.

Reason : Because teaching jobs is Reason : Because male professors

suitable for girls. handle the class more easily than
female professors.

Fact : Schools have more girl teachers than Facts : All over the world the majority of
boys all over the world male professors are greater than
female professors.

er
nt
Group B points ( Agree )
Ce
2) Students who get good grades are intelligent

Group A points ( Disagree)

ish
Point 1: Those students who want to achieve Point 1 : Those students, which didn't
good marks in exams, so they acquire good marks in exams,
gl

spend to much time in study and however they are become

achieve good marks in exams. successful in their future by their
En

intelligence.
Reason : This type of student wants to
become a successful person in Reason : These types of students
their future that is why he spend concentrate on their hobbies.
E

lots of time in study.

M

Examples : Quaid e Azam and Allama Iqbal Examples : Cricketers and artists.

Point 2 : Good students prepare their Point 2 : Students, which don't follow the
exams's preparation according to timetable and syllabus in exams
their syllabus and timetable. also realize good numbers in
exams.

Reason : Syllabus and timetable always help Reason : This type of students are sharp
the student to acquire good grades mind, so they realize good
in exams. numbers in exam without following
timetable as like that A or B grades

Examples : School syllabus ,Schooltimetable Examples : Sports player

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UNIT 8.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Point 3 : Homework and assignment also Point 3 : Good students often don't
improve the marks of good and give a time to sport and other
intelligent students. activities.

Reason : Due to homework and assignment Reasons : Because their timetable is too
improve the student skills so that is strict.
why he achieves a good number in
exams.

Examples : Homework exercises and Examples : Unhealthy students.

Science projects

er
nt
Exercise 2

Ce
The whole class should be divided into four groups. Each group should
further split up into two sub-groups. The teacher will write four topics on
four chits and fold the chits. Each group will be given one chit and asked to
ish
prepare a debate on it. One sub-group will prepare points in favour of the
topic and the other against it. Each group will then come up and conduct a
gl

debate in front of the class.

En

Here are the suggested topics for the debate:

1. Only close family and friends should be invited at weddings.
E

2. Upto class 8 students should be promoted to higher classes without

M

exams.
3. We should try and please all the people all the time.
4. Wealth can give us all the happiness we want.

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UNIT 8.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

1) Only close family and friends should

be invited at weddings

Group A points ( Agree ) Group B points ( Disagree )

Point 1 : We ought to invite our close family Point 1 : We also invite other friends in
members in wedding functions wedding functions because we
because they are too close from us know them and they spent time with
us
Reason : They are our relatives
Reason : They are our colleagues and
friends

er
Examples : Uncle , Aunty etc
Example : Classmates

nt
Point 2 : Close friends and family members Points 2 : We should not invite some close
also invite us in their functions and
other occasions, so it is really
important to invite them in our
functions.
Ce friends or family members in
wedding functions, if they leave in
foreign countries.
ish
Reason : Because they know every situation Reason : They can't attend the function
to us or our house, so that is why easily
gl

why we invite them first

En

Examples : Nephew , Uncle etc Examples : Father in law , Mother in law etc

Points 3 : We should also invite our close Point 3 : We must not invite some friend in
friends or family members in other wedding functions and other
E

functions as like that engagement engagement functions for manage

M

our budget.

Reason : Because they also invite us in our Reason : Because, if we invite lots of friends
function or family members in wedding
functions, so we will have to spend
lots of money

Example : Cousins and classmate Examples : Cousins , Former classmate etc

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UNIT 8.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Degrees of adverbs

Adverbs often tell us how an action was done. Like adjectives, adverbs also
have three degrees, positive, comparative and superlative. One syllable
adverbs usually take -er to form the comparative degree and -est to form
the superlative degree (e.g. high -higher -highest). The adverbs that have
two or more syllables usually form the comparative degree with 'more' and
the superlative degree with 'most' (e.g. smoothly -more smoothly-most
smoothly). Adverbs can have irregular degrees also
(e.g. badly - worse - worst)

er
nt
Exercise 1
Complete the following table by adding the missing degree of adverbs.
Ce
After you have completed, compare your answers with your partner.
ish
No Positive Comparative Superlative
gl

1 angrily more angrily most angrily

En

2 bravely more bravely most bravely

3 carefully more carefully most carefully

E

4 comfortably more comfortably most comfortably

M

5 early earlier earliest

6 easily more easily Most easily

7 loudly more loudly most loudly

8 fast faster fastest

9 gently more gently most gently

10 happily more happily most happily

11 hard harder hardest

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UNIT 8.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

12 probably more probably most probably

13 long longer longest

14 far farther farthest

15 noisily more noisily most noisily

16 high higher highest

17 quickly more quickly most quickly

18 skillfully more skillfully most skillfully

19 truthfully more truthfully most truthfully

er
20 well better best

nt
Exercise 2
Ce
ish
Fill the following blanks with the correct degree of adverb. Select an adverb
from the list in Exercise 1. You can use one adverb only once. Discuss your
answers with your partner, after both of you have completed, and make
gl

changes where needed.

En

1. My uncle went the farthest from his home during the recent floods.
2. Let's see who runs the fastest in the race.
E

3. The workers protested angrily at getting low salaries, as compared to long working
hours and shorter breaks.
M

4. The Bolan Express is the earliest train you can take, the rest leave after 10 o'clock.
5. The drivers from Germany drove their cars more carefully than those from Japan.
6. Salim climbed higher than Fazal but Hanif climbed the highest
7. As compared to the soldiers in the first and middle rows, the soldiers in the last row
fought the enemy more bravely
8. Saima answered more quickly than her friends.
9. Newborn babies should be handled more gently than all other age groups.
10. My father was sitting comfortably in his chair and enjoying the talk show on TV.

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UNIT 8.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 3
Work in pairs and orally complete the following passage using the correct
degree of the adverbs given below. You can use each adverb only once.
After you have discussed it orally, write the complete passage in your
notebook, underlining all the adverbs.

well probably easily loudly happily quickly

long heart carefully noisily

The teacher had to shout loudly the second time, before the students settled down. The reason

er
why the students were working noisily was because they wanted more time to do the work. The

nt
teacher said that the student who finishes the most quickly would get two extra marks. Salim
wanted to perform better than his friends because he wanted to get the scholarship. He had

Ce
worked hard for his English paper and wanted to be able to do the paper more easily than he
had been able to do in the previous test. He read each section carefully to avoid silly mistakes.
He knew that he would probably finish well in time to be able to edit his work. He worked the
longest on the writing section because he wanted to write a good essay. He submitted his
ish
paper happily when the teacher announced that the time was up.
gl
En

Quotation Marks: Further Practice

In writing, words that are actually used by speakers are put in quotation
E

marks. They are put in before the first word spoken and after the last
M

spoken word. They are always put in after the quotation mark. The spoken
words can be at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end. Look at the
example below:

"Have you finished your homework, Zahid?" asked his mother.

"I can do my work later," replied Zahid.
His father said, "You will not be allowed to go out until you finish your
homework," and went out of the room.
Zahid was upset but he said, "Okay, I will finish my homework and then
go."

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UNIT 8.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 4
In the following exercise, the quotation marks are missing. Write down
these sentences in your notebook by putting in the quotation marks. After
you have completed, share your work with your partner.

1. We are going to be late for school, Amjad, said his sister.

A) "We are going to be late for school, Amjad." said his sister.

2. The students stood up and said, Good morning, teacher.

A) The students stood up and said, "Good morning, teacher."

er
3. The cleaner said, I have cleaned your yard, and then he went away.

nt
A) The cleaner said, "I have cleaned your yard", and then he went away.

Ce
4. The small child was crying, and kept saying, Where is my mother?
A) The small child was crying, and kept saying, "Where is my mother?"
ish
5. Come on in, children, said the gatekeeper, I am going to close the gate.
A) "Come on in, children", said the gatekeeper, "I am going to close the gate."
gl

6. All the people were shouting, Pakistan Zindabad! We have won the match!
A) All the people were shouting, "Pakistan Zindabad ! We have won the match!"
En

7. I have lost my car keys, said the old man. How can I start my car now?
A) "l have lost my car keys", said the old man. "How can I start my car now?"
E

8. Be careful! There are many bees flying here. They may bite you, said Zahra.
M

A) "Be careful! There are many bees flying here. They may bite you", said Zahra.

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UNIT 8.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Exercise 5
Work in pairs and insert quotation marks, capital letters, full stops and
commas In the following story, where required. Rewrite the complete story,
with all the above additions, in your notebook. The first paragraph has all
the punctuation marks.

Frogs

Once upon a time, there was a bunch of tiny frogs who arranged a running competition. The
goal was to reach the top of a very high tower. A big crowd had gathered around the tower to

er
see the race and cheer on the contestants.
The race began.No one in the crowd really believed that the tiny frogs would reach the top of

nt
the tower. One person said, "Oh! way too difficult!"
Another one said, "They will never make it to the top, not a chance that they will succeed" said
an old man. "The tower is too high!"
Ce
The tiny frogs began collapsing one by one. However, some of them kept their spirits high and
continued climbing higher and higher. The crowd continued to yell, "It is too difficult! No one will
ish
make it!"
More tiny frogs got tired and gave up but one frog continued to climb higher and higher and
higher. This one wouldn't give up.
gl

At the end, everyone else had given up climbing the tower except for the one tiny frog who after
a big effort was the only one who reached the top. Then all of the other tiny frogs asked each
En

other, "How did this one frog manage to do it."

A contestant asked the tiny frog, "How did you find the strength to reach the goal?" It turned out
that the winner was deaf!
E

The wisdom of this story is: never listen to other people when they are being negative or
pessimistic because they take away your most wonderful dreams from you.
M

Always remember that words have power and everything you hear and read will affect your
actions. Therefore, always be positive have positive friends, and listen only to positive people.
Above all be deaf when people tell you what you can do and what you cannot do. Believe in
yourself and always say, "With God's help, I can do this."

Suffixes: Additional Practice

We sometimes add a pair or group of alphabets at the end of a word to add

something to the meaning of a word. These are called suffixes. We can use
suffixes to make many new words, for example, adjectives.

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UNIT 8.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Examples: fashion+able = fashionable laugh+able = laughable

noise+less = noiseless power+less = powerless

Exercise 6
A. Fill the blanks in the following exercise with adjectives formed by using
the suffix 'able' with the appropriate given words.

punish comfort cure move wash

er
1) We needed space to do our project work so we moved all the movable furniture to one side.
2) When travelling, we should try and take easily washable clothes with us.

nt
3) This is a very comfortable chair.
4) Non-payment of taxes is a punishable crime.
5)
Ce
We can recover from curable diseases quickly if we go to the doctor.
ish
B. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the suffix 'less' with the
appropriate given words.
gl

use bone home taste job

En

1) This food is tasteless as compared to the food we had yesterday.

2) I asked my mother to buy boneless chicken for the new dish that I wanted to try.
3) This fellow is useless as far as work is concerned.
E

4) Finally, I have found work after being jobless for six months.
M

5) Many homeless people sleep on the footpaths.

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

Writing an application

Exercise 1
Choose a profession from the list you made at the beginning of this Unit.3.1
Follow the given format and write a job application for it.

How to write a job application?

● Begin your application with the person's name and organization.
● Use formal language, brief informative sentences and short
paragraphs.
● Check your spelling, grammar and punctuation carefully.

er
● Follow the format given below.

nt
Date
Name of recipient Ce
ish
Designation
Name of Institution
gl

Name of city
Subject: Write the relevant subject of the application
En

Dear Sir/Madam,
E

First paragraph Mention how you came to know about the job
position and why you want to apply for it
M

Second paragraph Who are you, what have you done and why you
think you are suitable for this position

Third paragraph Ask for due consideration of the application

and request for a positive reply

Thanking You.
Yours sincerely,

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

Name of sender
Address of the sender

Application for Engineering Job

Jun 20,2021
Junaind khan
Manager
IE Engineering Company
Karachi

er
Subject : Application for the assistant Engineer Post
Dear Sir

nt
I saw today's newspaper, and I knew that there is an assistant engineer post in your
institute. I want to join your institute as an assistant engineer. This job will give me lots of
experience and I can move on in my life.
Ce
I have completed my engineering at engineering university of Karachi. I have six month
internship experience in assistant engineering post. I have full education which you required
ish
in this post and I am too benevolent for your institution and I will give my best for my job.

Please do me a favor and give me this job because first I am jobless and second I want
gl

to do something different in my life and this job is first step in my life. I will wait your pragmatic
reply.
En

Thanking You.
Yours sincerely,
E

Faiz ur Rehman
M

2/4 Nazimabad
No 1 Zeshan park
Karachi

Exercise 2
There are three positions vacant in your school. Your brother/ sister wants
to apply for one of these positions. Help them in writing an application for
one of these positions.

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

After you have written the application, exchange your applications with
your partner and give each other positive feedback. The positions are as
follows:
1. Subject teacher
2. Laboratory Assistant
3. Secretary

Subject Teacher

Jun 20 ,2021
Muhammad khalid

er
Principle of School

nt
ABC School
Karachi
Subject : Application for the English teaching Job
Dear Sir
Ce
ish
I heard from my friend that there is English teaching's job in your school. I want to
apply to your school as an English teacher for classes 9 and 10 . It is honoured to me join
your school as a teacher
I have an English teaching experience in FB School. I have completed my
gl

engineering degree at engineering university of Karachi. I think. This job will give me an
opportunity and increase my knowledge and wisdom, and I also learn how to handle the
En

students. I am suitable for this job because I have already five month experience in FB
school.
If you think, I am suitable for this job so please give me a positive reply. I will wait of
your reply Impatiently, and I also heard that from my friend that you are too benevolent with
E

your staffs , teachers and students

M

Thanks for your previous time

Yours sincerely
Faiz ur Rehman
2/4 Nazimabad
No 1 Zeshan park
Karachi

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

Summarizing a Poem

Exercise 3
Read the following poem silently. Then discuss the story with your partner.

The Miller of the Dee

(Charles Mackay)

There dwelt a miller hale and bold,

Beside the river Dee;
He worked and sang from morn to night,

er
No lark more blithe than he,
And this the burden of his song

nt
For ever used to be,
"I envy nobody, no, not I,
And nobody envies me!" Ce
ish
Thou'rt wrong my friend!" said old King Hal,
''Thou'rt wrong as wrong can be;
For, could my heart be light as thine,
gl

I'd gladly change with thee,

En

And tell me now what makes thee sing

With voice so loud and free,
While I am sad, though I'm the king,
E

Beside the river Dee?"

M

The miller smiled and doffed his cap;

"I earn my bread," quoth he,
"I love my wife, I love my friend,
I love my children three;
I owe no penny I cannot pay;
I thank the river Dee,
That turns the mill that grinds the corn
To feed my babes and me".

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

Good friend!" said Hal, and sighed awhile,

"Farewell, and happy be;
But say no more, if thou'dst say true,
That no man envies thee.
Thy mealy cap is worth my crown,
Thy mill my kingdom's fee;
Such men as thou are England's boast,
O' miller of the Dee".

The meanings of the following words used in the poem are given in the

er
glossary at the end of the book.

nt
dwelt miller hale bold lark blithe
burden envy thou'rt thine thee doffed
qouth sighed awhile. Ce
thou'dst. mealy. boast
ish
gl

No Words Meanings
1 dwelt live in or at a place
En

2 miller a person who owns or works a mill for grinding corn

3 hale strong and healthy

E
M

4 bold confident and brave

5 lark a small brown bird

6 blithe without cares and worries

7 burden main part

8 envy the feeling of wishing to have what somebody else has or to be

like somebody else

9 thou'rt you are

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

10 thine your

11 thee you

12 doffed took off his het in respect

13 quoth said

14 sighed took a long deep breath

15 awhile for a short time

16 thou'dst you would

17 mealy shabby

er
18 boast source of pride

nt
Exercise 4 Ce
After you have orally discussed the story, in pairs, write the story in your
ish
own words, on a sheet of paper. This will be a summary of the poem.
Follow the steps given below:
● Find out the meanings of unfamiliar words
gl

● Look at the title of the poem to see what it is about

En

● Read each stanza slowly, at least a couple of times, and try to

understand what it means
● Read the poem as a whole to get the main idea
E

● Now start writing the story

M

● Begin by giving the title of the poem and the name of the poet
● After this, write the key message of the poem
● Finally, write down the story in your own words
● You can use dialogues in direct speech

When you have finished, exchange your paper with another pair. Read each
other's work and give critical feedback.

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UNIT 8.4 WRITING

In the light of the feedback that you receive from the other pair, make the
necessary changes, edit your work for spelling, grammar and punctuation
errors and rewrite the corrected story in your notebooks.

Summary of the Poem

Charles Mackay tells the story of a miller in the poem. The miller used to work from morning to
night. He kept singing a song while working. The theme of the song was that he envied none
and none envied him. The King passed there one day. He said that he was wrong because he
envied him. The King was sad while the miller was happy. The King asked the miller why he was
happy. The miller replied that he earned his bread with his hands and spent the money on his
family. He led a contented life and owed nothing to anyone. The King said that his mealy cap

er
was worth his crown and his mill was worth his kingdom. He also said that men like him were
England's pride.

nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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UNIT 8.5 STUDY SKILLS

Preparing, giving and evaluating presentations

In order to create and deliver simple presentations on various themes,

problems and issues, here are some steps to follow:
● Brainstorm
● Identify theme and focus
● Structure ideas and arguments in a coherent logical fashion
● Support a subject or topic with effective factual information
● Develop and use cue cards
● Deliver the presentation

er
Exercise 1

nt
Work in groups of three and prepare a presentation on the topic assigned
to you by the teacher. After you have prepared it, decide who is going to
Ce
deliver which part of it. Practice giving the presentation as a group before
giving it in front of the class.
ish
Here are the topics for the presentation:
gl

1. The importance of female education

En

2. Drive Safety.
3. Punctuality in work and studies
4. Cleanliness: self and surroundings
E

5. The role that citizens can play in building a good society

M

( PRESENTATION )
The importance of female education

1. Education is very essential for every one because it is the only education by which we
can differentiate between human beings an animals. Education tells us that how can we
live in a society that's why education is important for every one, for both men and
women.

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UNIT 8.5 STUDY SKILLS

2. Girls have the right same right to education as boys. Educated girls can make informed
choices and from a far better range of options. Educating girls saves lives and builds
stronger families, communities and economies.

3. With the help of education, women can be aware of their rights and how they should be
treated

4. There are approximately sixty-five million girls out of school across the globe, majority of
them being in the developing and underdeveloped countries. All the Countries of the
world must take necessary steps to improve their condition of female education as
women can play a vital role in the nation's development and progres.

5. As a result, this means that when given an opportunity to learn and grow women could

er
excel and lead to greatness. Women education should be supported as it is equally
important and beneficial.

nt
Ce
When each group gives the presentation the rest of the class should
evaluate them on the following criteria.
ish
gl

Item Exceptional Admirable Acceptable Attempted

En

Topic and point clearly ✓

stated

Organisation of ideas ✓
E
M

Supporting details ✓
Body language ( use of
facial expressions, ✓
gestures )

Eye contact ✓

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UNIT 8.6 FUN

Acting out a poem

Work in groups of five and act out the stanza of the poem 'Daffodils'
allotted to your group, in the form of a tableau. One student will read out
the stanza and as s/he reads it the others should act it out. You have 10
minutes to prepare your tableau. Follow the steps given after the poem. The
group that gives the best performance will be the winner

THE DAFFODILS

er
( William Wordsworth )

nt
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
Ce
ish
A host of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
gl

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

En

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the Milky Way,
They stretched in never-ending line
E

Along the margin of the bay:

M

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Outdid the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company!
I gazed-and gazed-but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:

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UNIT 8.6 FUN

For oft when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye,
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.

Here are the steps that you should follow:

1. Read the whole poem individually and then discuss how best you can

er
act out the stanza allotted to your group.
2. Select one person from your group who will recite the stanza while

nt
the other four act it out.
3. Decide who will do what and quickly rehearse it.
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

READING COMPREHENSION

Read the following passage and answer the questions below:

Rice is a member of the grass family. Along with wheat and corn, it is one of the
three crops on which human beings largely depend as food for survival. Rice is
now one of the most important crops at the global level, as it is used as a staple
food in most countries of the world and will continue to be so for the foreseeable
future. In the coming 30 years, the world will require 70 % more rice than that it
requires today.

er
Pakistan is the world's 4th largest producer of rice. Each year, it produces an
average of 6 million tonnes and together with the rest of the South Asia, the

nt
country supplies 30% of the world's rice. Rice is Pakistan's third largest crop in

Ce
terms of area sown, after wheat and cotton. About 11 percent of Pakistan's total
agricultural area is rice during the summer or "Kharif" season.
ish
Most of the rice is grown in the fertile Sindh and Punjab region, with millions of
farmers relying on rice cultivation as their major source of employment. Both
gl

provinces account for about 87 percent of the total rice production. Punjab is the
biggest producer of rice in the country and contributes 58 per cent to the national
En

production, while the provinces of Sindh, Baluchistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

(KPK) contribute 29, 3 and 10 percent, respectively.
E

The major rice producing areas in Punjab include Gujranwala, Hafizabad,

M

Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Wazirabad, Gujrat, Sargodha, Faisalabad, Kasur,Jhang,

and Okara. In Sindh, Jacobabad, Larkana, Badin, Thatta, Shikarpur, and Dadu
are important rice cultivation areas. District Nasirabad in Baluchistan and some
parts of KPK also have rice producing areas. The "Kalar" bowl area, located
between the Ravi and Chenab rivers in Punjab, due to its agro-climatic and soil
conditions, is famous for producing Basmati rice. In Swat at high altitude
mountain valleys, the temperate Japonica rice is grown. In South KPK, Sindh and
Baluchistan, the lrri type, which is a long grain, heat tolerant, tropical type of
rice,is grown.

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MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

Among the most famous varieties grown in Pakistan, the Basmati is known for its
flavour and quality. Pakistan is a major producer of this variety. The Basmati
(Fine) type comprises 40% of all rice produced in Pakistan, while 60% of the rice
produced is of the coarse types. Pakistan is a leading producer and exporter of
Basmati and IRRI rice (white, long grain rice).

Rice ranks second among the staple food grain crops in Pakistan and its export
is a major source of foreign exchange earnings. On an average the country
produces around 6.0 million tonnes of rice annually and, after meeting domestic
consumption of around 2.0 million tonnes, some 4.0 million tonnes are exported.
The government should provide support to the rice growers and exporters and

er
ensure that rice prices remain close to regional competitors.Growth of more and
better quality rice and good government policies can help Pakistan compete in

nt
the world market and earn more foreign exchange.

Ce
Q.1. Read the text and complete the following sentences by selecting one
ish
option from those given.

A) The most suitable title for this passage is .

gl

a. Rice is the staple food of the people of Pakistan

En

b. The future of the rice industry in Pakistan

c. Rice production in Pakistan ✓
d. Pakistan is the world's largest rice producing country
E

B) Most of the rice in Pakistan is grown in .

M

a. Punjab and KPK

b. Baluchistan and Sindh
c. KPK and Sindh
d. Sindh and Punjab ✓

C. Most of the Basmati rice is grown in an area that is located between the .
a. Chenab and Sutlej
b. Chenab and Beas
c. Chenab and Jhelum
d. Chenab and Ravi ✓

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MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

Q.2 Read the text and fill in the following blanks

A. The three crops used as food by people all over the wor are: wheat , corn and rice.
B. Basmati rice famous for its flavour and quality and Pakistan produces 40 % of this type.
C. The three major crops of Pakistan are wheat , cotton and rice.
D. Pakistan exports two types of rice; these are Basmati and Irri.
E. The total rice production of Pakistan, on an average, is 6 tonnes of which the country
uses 2 tonnes and exports 4 tonnes.

Q.3 The following statements are all incorrect. Read the text and write the
correct statements.

er
a. Pakistan alone provides 30% of the world's rice.

nt
A) Pakistan together with the rest of the South Asia, provides 30% of the world's rise.

income. Ce
b. About 10,000 farmers in Pakistan depend on rice growing as their source of

A) Millions of farmers in Pakistan depend on rice growing as their source of income.

ish
c. Punjab produces 87% of the rice produced in Pakistan.
A) Punjab produces 58% of the rise produced in Pakistan.
gl

d. Sindh accounts for 10% of the rice produced in Pakistan.

En

A) Sindh accounts for 29% of the rice produced in Pakistan.

e. The government should ensure that rice prices remain close to international
E

markets.
A) The government should ensure that rice prices remain close to regional markets.
M

Q.4. Read the text and answer the following questions.

a. Why is rice one of the most important crops in the world?

A) Rice is one of the most important crops in the world, as it is used as a
staple food in most countries of the world and will continue to be so for the
foreseeable future

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MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

b. Why is the Kalar bowl area suitab for growing the Basmati rice?
A) The Kalar bowl area is suitable for growing the Basmati rice due to its
agro climatic and soil condition

c. In KPK, which type of rice is grown in the high mountain valleys and
which type is grown in the southern region?
A) In KPK, temperate Japonica rice is grown in the high mountain valleys and
irri type is grown in southern region

d. What kind of rice is the lrri rice?

A) Irri is white, long grain type of rice.

er
e. How can Pakistan earn more foreign exchange through rice?

nt
A) Growth of more and better quality of rice and good government policies
can help Pakistan to earn more foreign exchange

GRAMMAR
Ce
ish

Q.5. Join the two simple sentences given below to form a compound
gl

sentence, by using and, but, because, as, so, as appropriate. You can
En

use one word only once.

k. Sohail and Aslam practised a lot. They both got selected on the school tennis team.
E

A) Sohail and Aslam practised a lot, so they both got selected on the school tennis team
M

I. Our house is very old. It is located near the new shopping area.
A) Our house is very old, but it is located near the new shopping area.

m. Sabiha was studying very hard. She wanted to get the first position in class.
A) Sabiha was studying very hard, because she wanted to get the first position in class.

n. Her aunt is a good doctor. She is also a good cook.

A) Her aunt is a good doctor, and she is also a good cook

o. My uncle always comes to Pakistan in June. He loves the mangoes available here.
A) My uncle always comes to Pakistan in June, as he loves the mangoes available here

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MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

Q.6. Select the most appropriate synonym to complete the following

sentences.

k) Everyone in the room was quiet , only the baby was crying. (still, quiet, noiseless)
I) The ring that my aunt gave me for my birthday is made of real gold. (true, correct, real)
m) The sea is very rough during the summer months. (disordered, violent, rough)
n) It is important that I reach the office on time every day as I want a promotion.
(primary, important, significant)
O) He will be punished as his case is very weak (weak, frail, fragile)

Q.7. Change the narration in the following dialogue.

er
a. "I hope that we get the bus tickets," said Daniyal.
A) Daniyal hoped to get the bus tickets.

nt
Ce
b. "If we don't get the tickets we will miss the wedding," said Farhan.
A) Farahan said that if they didn't get the tickets, they would miss the wedding.

c. "Oh! Here is father," said Daniyal.

ish
A) Daniyal said that there was father.

d. "He has tickets for all of us!" said Farhan.

gl

A) Farhan said that he had tickets for all of them.

En

e. Salma said, "I wish we were going by train."

A) Salma wished that they were going by train
E
M

Q.8. Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph using since/ for, as
appropriate.

They have been living in this house for fifty years. They have been living here since his father
was born. However, we have constantly been moving for the last fifteen years, ever since my
father joined the army. It has been a long time since we have lived in any place for more than
two years.

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MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

Q.9 Complete the following passage using the correct degree of the
adverbs given. You can use each adverb only once.

quickly carefully well slowly hard probably

The team was getting ready slowly so the coach had to remind them to move more quickly if
they did not want to be late for the match. He also reminded them to work harder than last time
because the team that performed well would be the winner. The team knew that if the planned
more carefully they would probably win as the two main players of the opposite team were
injured and were not playing.

er
nt
Q.11. Translate the following passage into Urdu/ Sindhi.

Ce
The train left the station at two O'clock. All the children were very happy. They were going to
Lahore for the first time. They wanted to see the Shalimar Garden and the Badshahi Mosque.
They wanted to spend at least five days in Lahore, because there were so many places to see.
ish
They wanted to visit Minar-a-Pakistan on the Independent Day.
gl

‫ٹرین اسٹیشن سے دو بجے نکلی۔ سارے بچے بے حد خوش تھے وہ پہلی بار الہور جا رہے تھے۔ وہ شالیمار باغ اور بادشاہی‬
‫مسجد دیکھنا چاہتے تھے وہ الہور میں کم ازکم پانچ دن گزارنا چاہتے تھے کیونکہ انہیں کئی مقامات دیکھنے تھے۔ وہ یوم‬
En

‫آزادی پر مینار پاکستان کی سیر کرنا چاہتے تھے۔‬

E

Q.12. Provide quotation marks in the following dialogue.

M

a. Have you finished your work, Zarina? said her mother.

A) "Have you finished your work, Zarina?" said her mother.

b. No, replied Zarina. I still need to write an essay.

A) "No," replied Zarina. "I still need to write an essay."

c. Well, hurry up, our guests will be here soon, said her mother.
A) "Well, hurry up, our guest will be here soon." said her mother.

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English book Notes prepared by ( Sir FAIZ ) What's app no 03408057780
MODEL TEST PAPER II ( UNIT 5-6 )

WRITING

Q.12. Write an essay on any ONE of the following.

a. The importance of computers in our lives
b. Pakistan needs highly educated people in the field of agriculture
c. A family wedding

Q.13. Write any ONE of the following.

er
a. Write a summary of the reading passage on Rice, given at the

nt
beginning of the paper.

Ce
b. Write an application to apply for a job of your choice.
ish
gl
En
E
M

Visit ( ME English Center ) on YOUTUBE for all videos lectures of class 9 new
English book Notes prepared by ( Sir FAIZ ) What's app no 03408057780