Eastern Mindoro College

BONGABONG, ORIENTAL MINDORO

Tel. No. (043)-283-5479;
email: emc_1945 @ yahoo.com
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

NAME: COURSE:

DATE: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS &LP ROOM:

CONTACT NO: INSTRUCTOR:

EMAIL ADD: RATING:

LESSON TITLE: MODULE 5- FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

WEEK __5__, ___3___ HOURS
I. FOCUS:
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
• Explained Freud’s view about child and adolescent development,
• Drawn implications of Freud’s theory to education.
II. INTRODUCTION: Freud is considered the most well-known psychologist because of his very
interesting theory about the unconscious and also about sexual development.
As a person grows, the personality is also formed. Many psychologists present different views
about how personality develops. As teachers, it is important that we remember not be too quick
in making conclusions about our pupils’ intentions for their actions. Always consider that there
are many factors that may influence one’s behavior.
III. STRATEGIES
A. ABSTRACTION AND GENERALIZATION
GEAR UP YOUR MIND!

Highlights:
➢ FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
Many psychologists present different views about how personality develops. Freud
presents a very interesting theory about the unconscious and about sexual development. As a person
grows, the personality is also formed. He presented a theory about personality, its components and
development.
Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud’s theory of psychosexual development includes five distinct stages. A person goes through
the sequence of these five stages and along the way there are needs to be met.
Whether these needs are met or not, determines whether the person will develop healthy personality
or not. He identified specific erogenous zone for each stage of development. These are specific
“pleasure areas” that become focal points for the particular stage. If needs are not meet along the area,
a fixation occurs.

1. Oral Stage - (birth to 18 mos.) the erogenous zone is the mouth; the child is focused on oral
pleasure (sucking). Too much or too little satisfaction can lead to an oral fixation or oral personality.
This type of personality may be oral receptive, that is, have a stronger tendency to smoke, drink
alcohol, overeat; or oral aggressive, that is, with a tendency to bite his/her nails, or use curse words
or even gossip. As a result, these persons may become too dependent on others, easily fooled, and
lack leadership traits. They may also fight these tendencies and became pessimistic and aggressive in
relating with people.

2. Anal Stage (18 months to 3 years) – The child’s focus of pleasure in this stage is the anus. The
child finds satisfaction in eliminating retaining feces. The child needs to work on toilet training. Fixation

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during this stage can result in being anal retentive, an obsession with cleanliness, perfection, and
control; or anal expulsive where the person may become messy and disorganized

3. Phallic Stage (ages 3-6) – The pleasure or the erogenous zone is the genitals. Freud believed
that during this stage boy develop unconscious sexual desire for their mother and see their father as a
rival for his mother’s affection. Freud called this Oedipus complex. Girls may also have similar
experience, developing unconscious sexual attraction towards their father and this is referred to as
the Electra complex. A fixation at this stage could result in sexual deviances (both overindulging and
avoidance) and weak or confused sexual identity according to psychoanalysts.

4. Latency Stage (age 6 to puberty – Children’s focus is the acquisition of physical and academic
skills. Boys relate more with boys and girls with girls during this stage

5. Genital Stage (puberty onwards) – Begins at the start of puberty when sexual urges are once
again awakened. In the earlier stages, adolescents focus their sexual urges toward the opposite sex
peers, with pleasure centered on the genitals.

Freud’s Personality Components

He described the personality structures as having three components, the id, the ego and the
superego. The first to emerge is the id, followed by ego and last to develop is the superego. The id -
The child is born with the id, which operates on the pleasure principle. It focuses on immediate
gratification or satisfaction of its needs. Whatever feels good now is what it will pursue with no
consideration for the reality, logically or practicality of the situation. It is not oriented towards
considering neither reality nor the needs of others.
The ego – As the baby turns into a toddler then into a preschooler, he relates more with the
environment. The ego operates using the reality principle. It is aware that others also have needs to
be met. It reasons and considers the best response to situations. It is the deciding agent of the
personality.
The superego – It develops at the end of the phallic stage. The superego embodies a person’s moral
aspect. This develops from what the parents, teachers and other persons who exert influence impart
to be good or moral. The superego is likened to conscience because it exerts influence on what one
considers right and wrong.

The Three Components and Personality Adjustment

A well-adjusted person is one who has strong ego, who can help satisfy the needs of the id without
going against the superego while maintaining the person’s sense of what is logical, practical, and real.
The ability of the learner to be well-adjusted is largely influenced by how the learner was brought up.
Freud believed that the personality of an individual is formed early during the childhood years.

The Unconscious. Freud said that the most what we go through in our lives, emotions, beliefs,
feelings, and impulses deep within are not available to us at a conscious level. He believed that most
of what influence us is our unconscious
The Conscious. Freud also said that all that we are aware of is stored in our conscious mind. Our
conscious mind only comprises a very small part of who we are so that, in our everyday life, we are
only aware of a very small part of what makes up our personality, most of what we are is hidden and
out of reach.
The Subconscious. This is the part of us that we can reach if prompted, but it is not in our active
conscious. Its right below the surface, but still hidden somewhat unless we search for it like some
childhood memories it is stored in the subconscious.
Freud said that, “The mind is like an iceberg, it floats with one-seventh of its bulk above water.” He
referred this to when he explained the subconscious mind. He believed that much of what the person
is really about is not what we see in the outside and what is conscious, but what is there hidden in the
subconscious mind.

IV. ANALYSIS/ACTIVITIES/ASSESSMENT
Freud’s Personality Components: id, ego, superego
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 CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

A. Research/read on the three components and write/explain important concepts about them and cite
example.
• Id_________________________________________________________________________
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• Ego_______________________________________________________________________
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• Superego___________________________________________________________________
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Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital Stages

A. Research/read on Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development. Write the description, erogenous

zone and fixation of each of the stages.
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REFLECTION.
From Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory, I learned that...
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Prepared by:
MR. JAYMAR B. MAGTIBAY
Instructor

Enriching Minds of Champions