Scribd
Upload
79 views19 pages

Tut 2 Solutions

The document contains multiple questions related to heat transfer through various materials and systems. Question 1 involves determining the heat transfer coefficient for a copper sphere in an air stream by analyzing its temperature change over time. Question 2 involves calculating the time required and temperature distribution for heating the inner surface of a furnace wall coated with ceramic insulation. Question 3 examines heat transfer and temperature change for aluminum or copper spheres in a packed bed thermal energy storage system.

Uploaded by

divyanshu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
79 views19 pages

Tut 2 Solutions

The document contains multiple questions related to heat transfer through various materials and systems. Question 1 involves determining the heat transfer coefficient for a copper sphere in an air stream by analyzing its temperature change over time. Question 2 involves calculating the time required and temperature distribution for heating the inner surface of a furnace wall coated with ceramic insulation. Question 3 examines heat transfer and temperature change for aluminum or copper spheres in a packed bed thermal energy storage system.

Uploaded by

divyanshu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

ME 346 S3 TUTORIAL 2

Q1. The heat transfer coefficient for air flowing over a sphere is to be
determined by observing the temperature–time history of a sphere
fabricated from pure copper. The sphere, which is 12.7 mm in diameter, is
at 66 °C before it is inserted into an airstream having a temperature of 27
°C. A thermocouple on the outer surface of the sphere indicates 55 °C 69 s
after the sphere is inserted into the airstream. Assume and then justify that
the sphere behaves as a spacewise isothermal object and calculate the heat
transfer coefficient.

Sol:

KNOWN: The temperature-time history of a pure copper sphere in an air stream.


FIND: The heat transfer coefficient between the sphere and the air stream.
SCHEMATIC:
Q2. A plane wall of a furnace is fabricated from plain carbon steel (k = 60
W/mK, ρ = 7850 kg/m3, c = 430 J/kg K) and is of thickness L = 10mm. To
protect it from the corrosive effects of the furnace combustion gases, one
surface of the wall is coated with a thin ceramic film that, for a unit surface
area, has a thermal resistance of R”t,f = 0.01 m2 K/W. The opposite surface
is well insulated from the surroundings.
At furnace start-up the wall is at an initial temperature of Ti = 300 K, and
combustion gases at 𝑻∞ = 1300 K enter the furnace, providing a convection
coefficient of h = 25 W/m2 K at the ceramic film. Assuming the film to have
negligible thermal capacitance, how long will it take for the inner surface of
the steel to achieve a temperature of Ts,i = 1200 K? What is the temperature
Ts,o of the exposed surface of the ceramic film at this time?

Sol:
Q3. Thermal energy storage systems commonly involve a packed bed of solid
spheres, through which a hot gas flows if the system is being charged, or a
cold gas if it is being discharged. In a charging process, heat transfer from
the hot gas increases thermal energy stored within the colder spheres; during
discharge, the stored energy decreases as heat is transferred from the
warmer spheres to the cooler gas.

Consider a packed bed of 75-mm-diameter aluminum spheres (ρ = 2700


kg/m3, c = 950 J/kg K, k = 240 W/m K) and a charging process for which gas
enters the storage unit at a temperature of Tg,i = 300°C. If the initial
temperature of the spheres is Ti = 25°C and the convection coefficient is h
=75 W/m2 K, how long does it take a sphere near the inlet of the system to
accumulate 90% of the maximum possible thermal energy? What is the
corresponding temperature at the center of the sphere? Is there any
advantage to using copper instead of aluminum?

Sol:
Q4. Batch processes are often used in chemical and pharmaceutical
operations to achieve a desired chemical composition for the final product
and typically involve a transient heating operation to take the product from
room temperature to the desired process temperature. Consider a situation
for which a chemical of density ρ = l200 kg/m3 and specific heat c =2200 J/kg
K occupies a volume of V = 2.25m3 in an insulated vessel. The chemical is to
be heated from room temperature, Ti = 300 K, to a process temperature of
T = 450 K by passing saturated steam at Th = 500 K through a coiled, thin-
walled, 20-mm-diameter tube in the vessel. Steam condensation within the
tube maintains an interior convection coefficient of hi = 10,000 W/m2 K,
while the highly agitated liquid in the stirred vessel maintains an outside
convection coefficient of ho = 2000 W/m2 K.

If the chemical is to be heated from 300 to 450 K in 60 min, what is the


required length L of the submerged tubing?

Sol:
5. A two-dimensional rectangular plate is subjected to prescribed boundary conditions. Solve
for the temperature distribution and calculate the temperature at the midpoint (1, 0.5) by
considering the first five nonzero terms of the infinite series that must be evaluated. Assess
the error resulting from using only the first three terms of the infinite series. Plot the
temperature distributions T(x, 0.5) and T(1.0, y).
6. For two dimension heat conduction in a plate, as shown in figure 3, find the temperature
distribution T (x,y) by solving the boundary value problem. Use the steady state heat
conduction equation.

Figure 3

Known: Square plate prescribed with known boundary conditions on sides.

Find: Temperature distribution in the plate

Assumptions: 1. 2 D heat conduction, 2. Steady-state, 3. Constant properties

Analysis: Use superposition to split the problem into simpler sub-problems


7. Obtain the temperature distribution T (x,y) for the square plate subjected to two-dimensional
steady-state heat conduction. Referring to figure 2, the left side wall is subjected to T = T0,
𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇
and both the right and bottom sides are insulated such that ( 𝑥 = 𝐿) = (𝑦 = 0) = 0.
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑇
The top side is cooled by convection, which can be expressed as −𝑘 𝜕𝑦 (𝑦 = 𝑡ℎ/2) =
ℎ(𝑇𝑦=𝑡ℎ/2 − 𝑇∞ ).

𝜕2 𝑇 𝜕2 𝑇
Use the steady state heat conduction equation as: 2
+ = 0.
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦2

Figure 2

Known: Square plate prescribed with known boundary conditions on sides.

Find: Temperature distribution in the plate

Assumptions: 1. 2 D heat conduction, 2. Steady-state, 3. Constant properties

Analysis:

You might also like