BIO01: General Biology 1

Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

DATA SHEET
Name: Alpuerto, Patrick Miken Date: 24/08/2022
Bello, Patrick
Bermido, Hanscon Angelo C.
Gacayan, Sofronio Dex S.
Gonzales, Alyssa Sofia U.
Margin, Ethan Wayne P.
The, Paul Ahnton A.
Section: IS205 Instructor: Paul John L. Guzman

PT#: Cell Structure – Examining Plant and Animal Cells

OBJECTIVES
Enumerate the goals of the virtual experiment. Minimum of 3 objectives.

At the end of the experiment, the researchers are expected to:

(must be written in bullet form)

Objectives

At the end of the experiment, the researchers are expected to:

• Further understand the similarities and differences between Animal cells and Plant cells
• Be able to view animal and plant cells under a microscope.
• Identify and label basic cell structures on micrograph images.
• Label cell structures on animal and plant cell diagrams

MATERIALS
List down precise details of all the materials used in the virtual experiment. You should also write
the specimen (if there is any) used in the virtual experiment including the scientific name and the
common name.

(must be written in bullet form)

Materials

The materials and equipment used in the experiment are listed below.
• Microscope
• Cuboidal kidney cells
• Animal cells
• Plant cells
• Elodea cells

PROCEDURE
Summarize the procedures conducted during the lab experiment; be sure to include the critical steps.
Write the procedure in enough details so that anyone can repeat the experiment just by reading this
section.

Animal Cells under microscope

 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

Phase 1: Animal Cells under microscope

Turn on the microscope and adjust the brightness to preference. Then, adjust the coarse focus knob
to 4X focus and adjust the ocular lenses until you see only one picture. Fix your sample to the center
of your field of view. Make the image clearer with the fine focus knob and afterwards, zoom in with
the 10X nosepiece. Zoom in again with the 40X nosepiece, and clear the image with the fine focus
knob again.

Phase 2: Identify Basic Structures of Cells

Observe the micrograph of cuboidal kidney cells given by the activity. After observation, select the
best answer and drag the answer box next to or on the orange dot that corresponds to that part of the
cell.

Phase 3: Identify Structures of animal and plant cells

Observe the pictures carefully, then click and drag the answer boxes to the corresponding part on the
pictures presented.

Phase 4: Plant Cells under microscope

Repeat all the steps from Phase 1 in order to complete this phase.

Phase 5: Identify structures of plant cells

Observe the pictures carefully, then click and drag the answer boxes to the corresponding part on the
pictures presented.

Phase 6: Apply all that you have learned

Carefully read all the questions, and click on the best answers out of the choices.

Phase 7: Save Lab Data

After doing the activity, you may now exit.

SET-UP
Attach here an illustration of the virtual experiment set-up as needed. Label the illustration of the
set-up and the materials used in the virtual experiment.

Set-up

Figure 1. Animal cells under the microscope

 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

Figure 2. Cuboidal Kidney Cell in a micrograph

Figure 3. Structures of Animal cells and Plant cells

 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

Figure 4. Plant cells under a microscope

Figure 5. Elodea cells in a micrograph

RESULTS/DATA
Create a data table to summarize the results of your virtual experiment. Make sure to label with a
title and include proper units. You may also attach a graph for rapid interpretation of data. Axes of
the graph should be labeled, and the graph should have a title.

The correct labels (ie Table A: Time vs Protein Concentration) should be given to all tables and
figures. Each table should also have a label and captions.

Animal cells under microscope

Phase 1: Animal Cells under microscope
Turning on the power switch on the microphone reveals our specimen for observation. Adjusting the
microscope light, focus, lens, and stage only are we ready to observe the animal cell. Starting with a
4x lens is too big for us to properly observe the properties of the animal cell. Observing at 10
magnification we can see multiple animal cells but unable to observe one properly only at 40
magnification can we see details such as a cytoplasm and nucleus present on our cell.
 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

Phase 2: Identify Basic Structures of Cells

Examining the plant cell in a smaller scale we have three points to label, the three points point at the
middle of the cell, the border of the cell, and the very center of the cell with the options nucleus, cell
membrane, and cytoplasm. Answering respectively we have the Cytoplasm, cell membrane and
nucleus. Cytoplasm is a gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of the cell which labels our first point.
A cell membrane is what separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment which labels
our second point and lastly a nucleus is a membrane that regulates the activities of our cell and
enclosed in the membrane which labels our third point.

Phase 3: Identify Structures of animal and plant cells

Identifying the two cells plant and animal cells naming 11 structures. Starting with Animal cells on
the left we have 8 labels including the label of the cell which we determine to be an animal cell. And
the right cell with 4 points including the label of the cell which we determine to be a Plant cell. We
have the label Animal cell, cell membrane, cell wall, central vacuole, centrioles, chloroplast, golgi
apparatus, mitochondrion, plant cell, rough er, and smooth er image below for more details.

Phase 4: Plant Cells under microscope

Turning on the power switch on the microphone reveals our specimen for observation which we
determine to be a plant . Adjusting the microscope light, focus, lens, and stage only are we ready to
observe the plant cell. Starting with a 4x lens is too big for us to properly observe the properties of
the plant cell. Observing at 10 magnification we can scarcely see cell walls albeit barely, observing
at 40 magnification can we see fine detail such as a chloroplast and is in a comfortable
magnification for observing.
 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

Phase 5: Identify structures of plant cells

We have three points pointing towards different structures in a plant cell: one points towards the
border of a cell, one towards a cluster of green organelle and the last point points towards the middle
of the cell. We have three labels: cell wall, central Vacuole and chloroplast. Answering respectively
we have the Cell wall which is the outer covering of a cell, Chloroplast which is responsible for
Photosynthesis and Central vacuole which holds materials and waste.

Phase 6: Apply all that you have learned

This phase has three questions to answer and apply what we have learned thus far.

1. Identify the features common to all cells

A. Cell membrane
B. Ribosomes
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoplasm
E. DNA
F. Cell wall

We determined that Cell membrane,Cytoplasm, DNA and ribosomes are common among all cells.
Features such as Nucleus and cell wall are not found in all cells. Nucleus is not present on all cells
as Prokaryotic cells is a category of cells surviving without a nucleus and cells without a cell wall
are with cell membranes in its stead where it's more flexible compared to the rigid cell wall.

2. What is the name of all the cell contents between the nucleus and the cell membrane?
A. Cellulose
B. Plasm
C. Stroma
D. Cytoplasm
The answer to this question is Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is everything found inside a plasma membrane
cytoplasm also helps organise cell components.

Identify the features present in animal cells.

A. Centrioles
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Chloroplast
D. Central vacuole
 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

E. Mitochondria
F. Nucleus
G. Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

The features present in animal cells are Centrioles, Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria, Nucleus, and
Rough endoplasmic reticulum. Chloroplast is the organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis takes
place while the Central Vacuole is the organelle found in plant cells which contains materials and
waste

Phase 7: Save Lab Data

This phase gives the option to save the lab data for review.

ANALYSIS OF DATA
In this section, you are going to answer the guide questions provided by your instructor. You may
cite other reputable references to support your answer. Refer to the references for other instructions.

1). How does the use of a microscope aid in the study of cells?

• The use of the microscope depends on the study of cells as it is the only instrument able to
observe small objects at a microscopic level. Scientists cannot work in their respective fields
unless presented with proof or evidence of what they are researching, which makes numerous
lab instruments critical to a scientist’s research. Since scientists or microbiologists cannot
study the physicalities or behaviors of a cell without being able to monitor the cells, they
employ a microscope to help confirm their hypotheses and present results for their research.

2). How do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?

• Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells possess unique characteristics that differ from each
other. One of the most prominent differences is that eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-
bound nucleus and organelles, while prokaryotic cells are more ancient and lack a nucleus.
Other differences between the two cells are that only eukaryotes can be multicellular (cells
that function only with the help of other cells) while prokaryotes are exclusively unicellular
(cells that can operate independently without the aid of other cells), eukaryotes are typically
larger than prokaryotes, and prokaryotes can reproduce asexually or through a binary fission
process while eukaryotes are capable of producing sexually.

3). How do animal and plant cells differ?

• Animal and plant cells possess different structured cells with only a few features missing from
one another. Such missing structures include a plant cell containing a cell wall while the
animal cell is covered only by a cell membrane or an animal cell possessing a centrosome
while plant cells do not. It is very apparent that while plant and animal cells have a variety of
similarities, there are also numerous differences between them, thus presenting both cells with
a degree of distinction.

CONCLUSION
In this section, you may include the following details:
• proven inferences, interpretations, deductions, generalizations and/or general statements
based upon the findings in the virtual laboratory
• summary of the analysis of data

In summarizing, one must answer: What can be concluded from the experiment and what can be
related to other more general concepts?
 BIO01: General Biology 1
Quarter 1
Course Outcome 1

In the course of this laboratory experiment, the researchers were able to successfully obtain their
objectives. With the help of the microscope, the researchers were enabled to examine the cell
formations closer with precision. The researchers were able to observe the similarities and
differences between an animal cell and a plant cell, whereas an animal cell is less compact, rounder,
and are not separated by a cell wall which in turn provides them the ability to make more fluid
movements compared to a plant cell which is more compact, rigid and are separated by cell walls,
which prevents them from making further movements since the cell wall’s purpose is to keep them in
place. The researchers also observed that both cells are composed of a Cytoplasm, Cell membrane,
DNA, and Ribosomes. For the similarities both animal and plant cells, share a number of
characteristics. Common organelles including the golgi apparatus, ribosomes, endoplasmic
reticulum, cell nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane are among the organelles that share
similarities.
REFERENCE
Write the references you used in writing this data sheet.

Mlblevins. (2009, October 26). Similarities between plant and animal cells. Biology Wise.
Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://biologywise.com/similarities-between-plant-animal-
cells

Bailey, R. (2019, May 4). Differences between plant and animal cells. ThoughtCo. Retrieved
August 24, 2022, from https://www.thoughtco.com/animal-cells-vs-plant-cells-373375

Brennan, J. (2019, November 18). Do plant cells have flagella? Sciencing. Retrieved August 24,
2022, from https://sciencing.com/do-plant-cells-have-flagella-13428026.html

(Should be written in APA 7th edition format)