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Writing A Research Title

The document discusses writing a research title and selecting variables for a research study. It provides guidelines for what constitutes a research problem and topic, and advises that a good research title should summarize the main idea, be concise, include major variables, and describe participants. The document also differentiates between independent and dependent variables, providing examples of how these variables are used in experimental and non-experimental research titles.

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Shekaina Faith Cuizon Lozada
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947 views

Writing A Research Title

The document discusses writing a research title and selecting variables for a research study. It provides guidelines for what constitutes a research problem and topic, and advises that a good research title should summarize the main idea, be concise, include major variables, and describe participants. The document also differentiates between independent and dependent variables, providing examples of how these variables are used in experimental and non-experimental research titles.

Uploaded by

Shekaina Faith Cuizon Lozada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

What is a Research Problem?


A research problem is exactly that – a problem that someone would like to research (Fraenkel and Wallen, 2010). A
problem can be anything that a person finds unsatisfactory or unsettling, a difficult of some sort, a state of affairs that needs to be
changed, anything that is not working aswell as it might. Problems involve areas of concern to researchers, conditions they want to
improve, difficulties they want to eliminate, questions for which they seek answers.
A research problem is initially posed as a question which serves as the focus of the researcher’s investigation.
Do not confuse a research problem with a research topic. A topic is something to read and obtain information about
whereas a problem is something to solve or framed as a question that must be answered. A good research question helps to- guide
the research process; construct a logical argument; write a literature review; plan thesis chapters; and devise efficient search
strategies. A well-defined research question has six properties.

Research Topics to be Avoided


1. Controversial topics -These are topics that depend greatly on the writer’s opinion, which tend to be biased or prejudicial.
Facts cannot support controversial topics
2. Highly technical subjects -For a beginner, researching on topics that require an advance study, technical knowledge and
vast experience is very difficult.
3. Hard-to-investigate subjects -A topic or a subject is hard to investigate if there is no available data or reading materials
about it and such materials are not updated (obsolete).
4. Too broad subjects -A subject or a topic that are too broad will prevent the researcher from giving a concentrated or in-
depth analysis of the subject matter of the research paper.
5. Too narrow subjects -The subjects are so limited or specific that an extensive or thorough searching or reading for
information about the subject is necessary.
6. Vague subjects -Choosing topics like these will prevent you from having a clear insight or focus on your study. For instance,
topics like “Some Remarkable Traits of a Negrosanon”, “Several Comments on a ModularSystem in the Department of
Education”. So, avoid using indefinite adjectives such as some, several, many, etc.

Choosing a Topic for a Research Study


- It is important to select a topic that interests and motivates you (new trends, relevant social issues, new strategies and
personal experiences or observation)
- It should be “doable” with the resources at your disposal and within the required time frame.
- It should be focused and well-defined.

Research Title
- A product of real world observations, dilemmas, wide reading, selective viewing, meaningful interactions and deep
reflection.
- The title of the research is the research problem or inquiry in capsule form. It considers answering the Who, What, When,
Where, Why and How. It must be clearly reflect the topic of investigation and must be original, clear, concise or specific.

Characteristics:
1. It should summarize the main idea of the paper.
2. It should be a concise statement of the main topic.
3. It should include the major variables of the research study.
4. It should be self-explanatory.
5. It should describe or imply the participants of the study.

CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION

Research Background
Research background is a brief outline of the most important studies that have been conducted so far presented in a
chronological order. Research background should also include a brief discussion of major theories and models related to the
research problem. When writing research background, you also need to demonstrate how your research relates to what has been
done so far in the research area.
It is basically an overview of the research study and explains why you, as researcher doing the study. It provides information
that is important or essential to understand the main body of the research investigation.

Considerations in Writing Research Background/Rationale


1. Paragraph 1 – What is the study all about?
2. Paragraph 2 – What other authors says about your study?
3. Paragraph 3 – What is the gap you want to address?
4. Paragraph 4 – What is the significance of the study?
RESEARCH VARIABLE

RESEARCH VARIABLE is a changing quality, attribute or characteristic of a person, a group, an educational system, or any topic
that is of interest in a study. Examples of research variables are intelligence, social competence, bullying, stress management,
commitment, performance, achievement, study habits, absenteeism, etc.

Types of Variables
1. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE is the variable the researcher/experimenter changes or controls and is assumed to have a direct effect
on the dependent variable. It gives effect to the dependent variable. In other words, it is the cause of the effect to the dependent
variable. It is the variable that is stable and unaffected by the other variables. It also refers to the condition of an experiment that is
systematically manipulated by the investigator. It is also known as the stimulus or predictor variable.
2. DEPENDENT VARIABLE is the variable being tested and measured in an experiment, and is ‘dependent’ on the independent
variable. It receives the effect caused by the independent variable. It is also known as the outcome or response variable.

Check (√) all words that can operate as a RESEARCH VARIABLE and place an (X) for the word/s that cannot be.
1. ___ water 6. ___ expectations 11. ___ goals 16. ___ curriculum
2. ___ skills 7. ___ reading comprehension 12. ___ life plans 17. ___ intelligence
3. ___ self-esteem 8. ___ cultural heritage 13. ___ academic contests 18. ___ economic status
4. ___ experience qualities 9. ___ commitment 14. ___ academic grades 19. ___ competence
5. ___ leadership 10. ___ social media 15. ___ aspirations 20. ___ resilience

Experimental Research Titles and the Variables Involved


1. Practical Work Approach Using Supplemental Learning Materials for Effective Teaching in Statistics and Probability
Independent variables – Practical Work Approach
Dependent variable – Academic Achievement (Pre-Test & Post-Test)
2. Use of Reciprocal Peer Tutoring in Teaching Gas Laws: Its Effect on Problem-Solving Performance and Attitudes of Grade 10
Students in Chemistry
Independent variables – Reciprocal Peer Tutoring
Dependent variables – Problem-Solving Performance and Attitudes
3. Use of Visual Representation and Peer-Assisted Approach in Developing Students’ Mental Models in Solving Physics Problems
Independent variables – Visual Representation and Peer-Assisted Approach
Dependent variable – Problem-Solving Performance
4. Effect of Computer-Assisted Instruction in the Learning Performance of Students
Independent variables – Computer-Assisted Instruction
Dependent variable – Learning Performance

Examples of Non-experimental Research Titles (Correlational Researches) and the Variables Involved
1. Extracurricular Activities and Self-Efficacy of Senior High School Students
Independent variable – Extracurricular Activities
Dependent variable – Self-Efficacy
2. Emotional Intelligence, Social Competence and Transformational Leadership Qualities of School Heads
Independent variables – Emotional Intelligence and Social Competence
Dependent variable – Transformational Leadership Qualities
3. Financial Literacy, Spending Practices and Teaching Performance of Public High School Teachers
Independent variable – Financial Literacy
Dependent variables – Spending Practices and Teaching Performance
Intervening Variables – Age, Gender, Number of Dependents, Educational Attainment, Monthly Gross Income and
Monthly Take Home Pay
4. Utilization of Financial Resources and Development of School Facilities and Services for Students and Teachers
Independent variable – Utilization of Financial Resources
Dependent variables – Development of School Facilities and Services

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