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WEEK 9 Lesson

This lesson discusses moral courage through examining a short film. Students will 1) discuss the importance of moral courage amid moral dilemmas, 2) examine factors that foster moral courage, and 3) analyze a short film showing moral courage. The lesson defines moral courage as brave behavior accompanied by anger and indignation to enforce societal and ethical norms despite social costs. Factors that foster moral courage include available options, self-efficacy, social norms, empathy, and moral outrage. Factors inhibiting it include diffusion of responsibility, pluralistic ignorance, fear of consequences, and fear of judgment. Students will watch a video and write an essay about how it depicts moral courage.

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Kyle Danielle Gabriel
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19 views

WEEK 9 Lesson

This lesson discusses moral courage through examining a short film. Students will 1) discuss the importance of moral courage amid moral dilemmas, 2) examine factors that foster moral courage, and 3) analyze a short film showing moral courage. The lesson defines moral courage as brave behavior accompanied by anger and indignation to enforce societal and ethical norms despite social costs. Factors that foster moral courage include available options, self-efficacy, social norms, empathy, and moral outrage. Factors inhibiting it include diffusion of responsibility, pluralistic ignorance, fear of consequences, and fear of judgment. Students will watch a video and write an essay about how it depicts moral courage.

Uploaded by

Kyle Danielle Gabriel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WEEK 9 Lesson

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students will
1. discuss the importance of moral courage amid moral dilemma
2. examine the factors that foster moral courage
3. analyze a short film that shows moral courage
4. write an essay on moral courage

ACTIVATE
Process Questions
a. What was the bravest or most courageous decision or action that you did in life?
b. What were the factors that enabled you to be courageous?
c. Would you stand up for what you believe in? Why?

ACQUIRE
I. Moral Courage
a. Moral courage and social constructs
1. Definition of Moral Courage-
i. Moral courage is defined as brave behavior accompanied by anger and indignation
which intends to enforce societal and ethical norms without considering one’s own
social costs. Especially social costs (i.e., negative social consequences) distinguish
moral courage from other prosocial behaviors like helping behavior. (Oswald, et.al.,
2012)
ii. It presupposes a conflict with one or more perpetrators; thus, it can be defined as an
expression of personal views and values in the face of dissension and rejection
(Lopez, et.al,2003)

2. Social Constructs
i. Role of Anger- It is a moral outrage provoked by the perception that a moral
standard has been violated. It can also be an emphatic anger where anger serves as
an impetus to act in behalf of somebody whose rights are violated.
ii. Role of Norms- Knowledge and understanding of a difficult situation can trigger
sense of responsibility. Member feel responsible to help others despite the negative
consequence the action entails.
iii. Role of Values- Sensitivity to what are regarded important in society is a good
starting point of moral courage.
b. Factors that foster moral courage
1. Availability of reaction options
2. Self-efficacy and high self-esteem
3. Salience of prosocial norms
4. Empathy
5. Moral outrage

c. Factors that inhibit moral courage


1. Diffusion of responsibility- Responsibility resulting from a morally courageous can be
overwhelming.
2. Pluralistic ignorance- Not creative enough to come up with variety of options
3. Fear of negative social consequences- Possible result is the loss of privileges and
4. fear of being evaluated and judged by others- Morally courageous people are labeled
and tagged in society
5. Self-perception of not having enough intervention skills.

Process Questions
a. What situations do you think is moral courage necessary?
b. Would you say that you are morally courageous? Explain your answer.

II. Free Will and Moral Responsibility


a. Conditions of moral responsibility- Free will is necessary to perform free actions.
Such actions are regarded as responsible as they are born out of one’s free will and
knowledge.
b. Modifiers of Responsibility
1. Ignorance- It minimizes responsibility
i. Vincible ignorance- it can be overcome. One is unaware that the action was wrong.
ii. Affected ignorance- it is a willed ignorance. The person is culpable. It can be
overcome by sufficient diligence to know.
iii. Invincible ignorance- one has no way of knowing due to circumstances.
2. Passion- Emotions can be overwhelm reason and impairs the capacity to know and
decide.
3. Fear- a reaction directed towards the apprehension of an impending danger or evil.
An action done because of fear is less voluntary while an action done with fear is
voluntary.
4. Violence- Force can compel a person to do what he/she does not want to do. This
results to involuntary action and thus destroy responsibility.
5. Unconscious- Past experiences can impede acquisition knowledge and blunts good
judgement.

Process Questions
a. If you were to characterize your generation, do you think you are morally responsible?
b. Which among the modifiers of responsibility are observable in your generation? Elaborate
your answers.

Links
Moral Courage
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227241630_Moral_Courage#:~:text=Moral%20courag
e%20is%20defined%20as,prosocial%20behaviors%20like%20helping%20behavior.
Free will and Moral Responsibility
https://iep.utm.edu/freewill/#H1

ACTIVITIES
Video viewing- Follow the link below and watch the suggested video. Infer from the video the
idea of moral courage. Write an essay recounting how moral courage is observed in the given
film. Submit your essay via BBLearn.
Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=entA4Ub_WuM
ASSESSMENT
Formative Assessment
• Oral Response/ written response to the process questions- Answer all the process
questions. For those in Sync and Async modes, write your answers using default format
of Word (Microsoft Office) and submit it via BB Learn.
Essay- Refer to the ACTIVITIES for the detailed instruction

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