Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies / PECs

Lesson INTRODUCTION TO BREAD AND PASTRY

1 PRODUCTION

Bread and pastry production

Bread and Pastry Production (also known as Baking and Pastry Production)
is a technical-vocational program that develops the skills of students in preparing
and producing bakery/pastry products, cakes and desserts.
Students of the Bread and Pastry Production program are trained in using
modern baking techniques, equipment, tools and utensils and other baking
appliances. Students are also taught about different presentation methods,
sanitation and safety.

Importance of the Course Bread and Pastry Production

There are several reasons as to why bread and pastry production course is
necessary to learn
1. Get Acquainted with your Bakery – helps you to make familiar with your bakery
and all the tools and equipment in it.

2. Improve Baking Skills – trains you how to bake and definitely improve and
develop your baking abilities.

3. Promote Self Esteem – helps you build self – esteem and confidence knowing
that you can now start and then complete a task like baking.

4. Encourage Cultural Awareness - teaches you how cultures from different places
prepare their food.

5. Start a Baking Career – gives you an opportunity to develop a skill in baking.

Job Opportunities

There are number of job opportunities in bread and pastry production that you
can benefit from once you earn a degree in this field of specialization. The kind of job
that you can find depends on your specialization in bread and pastry production. This
career can help you to work as a:

Job Opportunities Job Description

Kitchen Helper   Cleans and sanitizes kitchen equipment.

 Assists in basic food preparation.
 Receives and stores products in kitchens.
 They work for bread factories, using
Factory Bakers
machinery to produce bread and pastry
products.
 These people produce bread and baked
In-store Bakers
goods in a retail store, sometimes using
pre-prepared or part-baked products from a
factory.

 Much more likely to bake from scratch and

are usually employed by a small-scale,
Master/Craft independent bakery or a restaurant kitchen.
 They may specialize in a certain type of
Bakers bread or baking process and will offer
 specialist goods and services, such as
patisserie and cake decoration
 They works at a bakery, grocery store or
Cake Decorator
specialty cake shop and decorates cakes
using a variety of tools, materials and food
items.

 Prepare icings, apply toppings and

decorate cakes by writing customized
messages.
Pastry chef  They are in charge of and trained in the
production of desserts, pastries and bread.
Commis  A junior chef.

 A “station chef”, the chef designated to take

Line Cook
charge of a certain area of food production,
such as cake and dessert preparation and
other related products
 They are responsible for general sanitation
Bakery Sanitation
of the plant.
Manager  They look after all on-the-job activities,
product safety, legality, quality, etc.
Bakery  They are responsible for the development,
Technologist creating, launching and implementing new
products and commercialization of new and
existing products.
 Caterer  Plans, makes transports and serves food
for meetings, parties, weddings,
organizational fêtes, and a host of other
events. Some caterers specialize in baked
goods and pastries.
Bakery Owner  Bakery owners are entrepreneurs who
create signature baked goods, build their
own brand, and manage the business side
of the shop.

Lesson
PERSONAL ENTREPRENUERAL
2 COMPETENCIES / PECs

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)

Technical and entrepreneurial skills are very much in demand nowadays.

That’s the reason why most of the learners must have to undergo training in order for
them to become a more competitive. Developing their skills will help them in earning
a living for their future. In order to become a great entrepreneur, he/she must acquire
these entrepreneurial traits.

Most Important Entrepreneurial Traits

The following are the fundamental characteristics of an entrepreneur:

1. Hard working – This means an entrepreneur works diligently and consistently

about it. Hardworking people keep improving their performance to produce good
products and/or provide good services.

2. Self – Confidence – Entrepreneurs have a strong belief in themselves and their

own abilities. They have self-awareness and belief in their own ability to complete a
difficult task or meet a challenge.
3. Profit – Oriented – An entrepreneur enters the world of business to generate
profit or additional income. The business shall become your bread and butter.
Therefore, you must see to it that the business can generate income.

4. Goal – Oriented – Entrepreneur knows how to set specific, measurable,

attainable, realistic, and time-bound (SMART) goals. It is easy for them to divide
large goals into short-term goals.

5. Persistence – Entrepreneurs do not easily give up in the face of problems. This

includes making a personal sacrifice or extraordinary effort to complete a job.

6. Ability to accept change – Entrepreneurs should handle with and do well on

changes. Nothing is permanent but change. Change occurs frequently. Capitalize
on positive changes to make your business grow.

7. Has the initiative - An entrepreneur takes the initiative. He has the ability to
analyze and initiate things independently for the success of his business.

8. Committed - Good entrepreneurs assume full responsibility over their business.

They give full commitment and solid dedication to make the business successful.

9. Risk-taking - Entrepreneurs are known for doing tasks that are moderately
challenging in order to achieve a goal.

10. Disciplined - Successful entrepreneurs always stick to the plan and fight the
temptation to do what is unimportant.

11. Creative - An entrepreneur should be creative and innovative to stay in the

business and in order to have an edge over the other competitors.

12. Demand for efficiency and quality - Entrepreneur see to it that the business
meets or exceeds existing standards of excellence and exerts efforts to improve past
performance and do things better. They set high but realistic standards.

13. Excellent planner - A good entrepreneur develops and follows the steps in the
plans diligently to realize goals. A good entrepreneur knows that planning is an
effective skill only when combined with action.
14. Possesses people skills - This is a very important skill needed to be successful
in any kind of business. People skills refer to effective and efficient communication
and establishing good relationship to the people working in and out of your business.
In day-to-day business transactions, you need to deal with people. A well-developed
interpersonal skill can make a huge difference between success and failure of the
business.

15. Sound decision maker - Successful entrepreneurs have the ability to think
quickly and to make wise decisions towards a pre planned set of objectives. Sound
decisions should be based on given facts and information and lead towards the pre
planned objectives.

16. Information seeking - Entrepreneur update themselves with new information

about his customers, the market, suppliers, and competitors. This is rooted to their
natural sense of curiosity.

Lesson
ANALYZING SWOT
3

SWOT Analysis

SWOT’’ is an acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities,

and Threats. The SWOT Analysis began its life in the ‘70s as a planning tool for
analyzing a professional project or business venture. Unchanged in its format, it’s
still used today to help businesses focus their thoughts, analyze their progress, and
strategically shape their decision-making. SWOT can also be used in personal
context, you as an individual can develop your career and personality by identifying
your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Reviewing your identity,
abilities, personality and applying it to a SWOT framework will allow you to better
yourself and advance in your chosen career. This step will help you improve your
business of choice and prepare for challenges. The table below will help you
differentiate among these four features
 INTERNAL EXTERNAL

Strengths Opportunities
P

- Positive and controllable - Positive factors that are not

O
factors that contribute to the within the control of the business.
S business’ success.
- Possibilities that you can take
I - An internal resource or advantage of to help you achieve

T capability which is needed to your goals and ambitions.

achieve the desired goals.
I - An external situation that could
Examples: provide a competitive advantage.
V
 Cheap raw materials Examples:
E
 Skilled employees
 Absence of similar products
 Ease of management
in the market.
 Small capital outlay
 New markets being
 Experience workforce developed.
 Business is located in  There is strong support
an area with many from the local government
people living. for small and medium
businesses to expand.
Weaknesses Threats
N

- Areas where you or your - Negative factors that are beyond

E
organization may be weaker the control of the business.
G than others.
- An external situation which could
A - An internal barrier to achieve damage your space for attaining

T the desired goals. objectives.

I - Set of problems, difficulties - Things that may prevent you or

or shortcomings encountered your organization from making a
V by the business. profit or achieving your goals.

E
Examples: Examples:

 Lack of working capital  Raw material shortages

 Poor location  Too many competitors
 Inexperience owner  New methods of food
 Establishment is old production that are better
and looks out dated. and more effective are
 Limited space inside coming out.
the establishment,  New technologies are
thereby limiting the available and are used by
number of customers it competitors.
can accommodate.
 Assessment # 1

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on your
TLE notebook.

1. These people produce bread and baked goods in a retail store, sometimes
using pre-prepared or part-baked products from a factory
A. Pastry Chef C. In-Store Bakers
B. Factory Bakers D. Cake Decorator
2. This program trained students in using modern baking techniques, equipment,
tools and utensils and other baking appliances.
A. Technology C. Industrial Arts
B. Bread and Pastry Production D. Practical Arts
3. They are likely to bake from scratch and are usually employed by a small-
scale, independent bakery or a restaurant kitchen.
A. Master/Craft Baker C. In-Store Bakers
B. Factory Bakers D. Executive Chef
4. A businessman takes time to listen to the advice, suggestions, and
recommendations of fellow entrepreneurs is called_____________.
. A. responsible C. committed
B. willing to listen D. hard working
5. A successful entrepreneur who ventures new business ideas. This
characteristic is called _____________.
A. initiative C. opportunity seeker
B. risk taker D. committed
6. The bread and butter of the business not only for you but also for your
family.
A. Profit oriented C. Risk taker
B. Takes initiative D. Opportunity seeker
7. These are the two elements of internal environment.
A. Strength and threats C. Weaknesses and strengths
B. Opportunities and threats D. Weaknesses and threats
8. In the acronym SWOT, S stands for_____________.
A. Star C. Social
B. Stress D. Strength
9. What are the factors that SWOT analysis considers?
A. The internal factors only C. Both internal and external factors
B. The external factors only D. None of the above
10. These are the importance of Bread and Pastry Production EXCEPT
A. Promote self-esteem C. Start culinary career
 B. Making money D. Improve cooking skills

11. The following are undesirable traits of chefs EXCEPT

A. They discourage employees creativity.
B. They do things the way they were taught and do not change.
C. They are knowledgeable about many different foods and techniques.
D. They do not allow employees to provide input on decision in the work
place.
12. Knows how to handle unusual events that may happen in the business which
include problems in managing the workers, problems on the delivery of goods
and services, and the problems on demand and production. You must be
patient in dealing with these uncertainties.
A. Goal oriented C. Copes with uncertainty
B. Hard working D. Committed
13. An individual who would like to engage in any business must possess a
strong faith in his / her ability and capabilities in dealing with the different
problems that she might encounter in running a business.
A. Persistence C. Self - confidence
B. Hardworking D. Committed
14. Which of these statements is true about SWOT Analysis?
A. Specifying the objective of the business venture
B. Identifying the external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to
achieve the objective
C. Identifying the internal factors that are favorable and unfavorable to
achieve the objective
D. All of these
15. Identify which of the examples is a Weakness.
A. The place is quite expensive. C. Good in public speaking.
B. Have a supportive parent. D. Lack stress management skills.