Scribd
Upload
86 views

PH1010 - Tutorial - 1

1. The document is from the Department of Physics at IIT Madras and contains tutorial problems related to physics concepts. It includes problems on vector algebra, kinematics of particles, directional derivatives, and maximizing functions. 2. Problem 1 involves using vector algebra to prove formulas for the area of a triangle and relationships between angles and sides. Problem 2 involves finding vectors that satisfy certain equations. 3. Problem 3 involves calculating a directional derivative and finding constants that define orthogonal surfaces. Problem 4 involves describing the motion of a particle with given position, velocity, and acceleration vectors.

Uploaded by

Kush Ganatra ch19b063
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
86 views

PH1010 - Tutorial - 1

1. The document is from the Department of Physics at IIT Madras and contains tutorial problems related to physics concepts. It includes problems on vector algebra, kinematics of particles, directional derivatives, and maximizing functions. 2. Problem 1 involves using vector algebra to prove formulas for the area of a triangle and relationships between angles and sides. Problem 2 involves finding vectors that satisfy certain equations. 3. Problem 3 involves calculating a directional derivative and finding constants that define orthogonal surfaces. Problem 4 involves describing the motion of a particle with given position, velocity, and acceleration vectors.

Uploaded by

Kush Ganatra ch19b063
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Department of Physics

Indian Institute of Technology Madras


Tutorial-1
PH1010 Physics I July-Nov. 2019

1. Let the three vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ constitute the three edges of a triangle. Let α, 𝛽 and γ
be the three angles of triangles at the vertices opposite to the vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗.

(i) Prove that the area of the triangle is given by


1 1 1
𝐴 = |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗| = |𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗|
2 2 2

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
(ii) Show that = =
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾

(iii) The direction cosines of a vector are the cosines of the angles it makes with the
coordinates axes. The cosines of the angles between the vectors and x, y and z axes are
denoted by α , 𝛽 and γ respectively. Using vector algebra prove that:

𝛼 2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾 2 = 1

2. (i) Show that for any scalar λ, the vector 𝑥⃗ and 𝑦⃗ given by
𝑞(𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗) (1 − 𝑝𝜆) 𝑝(𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗)
𝑥⃗ = 𝜆𝑎⃗ + , 𝑦
⃗ = 𝑎
⃗ −
𝑎2 𝑞 𝑎2
Satisfy the following equations 𝑝𝑥⃗ + 𝑞𝑦⃗ = 𝑎⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥⃗ × 𝑦⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗

(ii) If ⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗𝑙𝑛|𝑟⃗|


𝑟 is the position vector of a particle, then find ∇

𝑟⃗̇ 𝑟⃗𝑟̇ 𝑟⃗
(iii) Show that ∫ (𝑟 − 𝑟 2 ) 𝑑𝑡 = + 𝐶⃗ where 𝐶⃗ = constant vector
𝑟

(iv) The position of a moving particle is given as a function of the time t to be


𝑟⃗ (t) = 𝑥̂ b cosωt + 𝑦̂ c sinωt +𝑧̂ v0t

where b, c, v0 and ω are constants. Describe the particle’s orbit. Find the particle’s velocity and
acceleration. Interpret your results for the special case when b = c.

3 (i) Find the directional derivative of 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 2 at the point (1,1, -1) in the direction of the
tangent to the curve 𝑥 = et , 𝑦 = sin2t + 1, 𝑧 = 1 − cost at t = 0.
(ii) Find the value of constants m and n such that the surfaces 𝑚𝑥 2 − 2𝑛𝑦𝑧 = (𝑚 + 4)𝑥
will orthogonal to the surface 4𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑧 3 = 4 at the point (1,-1,2).

(iii) A Mountaineer is attempting to climb Mount Everest. The height of mount Everest
1
is given by 𝐻(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝐻𝑜 𝑒𝑥𝑝 − [(𝑥 − 1)2 + 4 (𝑦 − 2)2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 1] , where 𝐻𝑜 is a

constant and (x, y) are the position with respect to say the base camp. The mountaineer is
at the position (x, y) = (1,1). In what direction in the xy-plane should she climb to the
steepest slope?

4. Suppose a particle moves with v = constant along the curve 𝑟 = 𝑘 (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)


Find 𝑟̈ . 𝑟̂ = 𝑎⃗. 𝑟̂ , |𝑎⃗| and 𝜃̇ .

5. (i) Solve the equation of motion to determine the position and velocity of a raindrop
when it experiences a vertical motion with a linear air drag.
(ii) Solve the equation of motion to determine the position and velocity of a baseball
when it is subjected to a vertical motion with a quadratic air drag.
(iii) A baseball that is subject to a quadratic air resistance is thrown vertically up
with initial speed v0. Show that the time to reach the top of the trajectory is
𝑣𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑣
𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑝 = ( ) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑣 0 ) ,where vter is the terminal speed.
𝑔 𝑡𝑒𝑟

And show that the maximum height reached by the baseball is 𝑦𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
2 2 +𝑣 2
𝑣𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑣𝑡𝑒𝑟 0
𝑙𝑛 ( 2 ).
2𝑔 𝑣𝑡𝑒𝑟

You might also like