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Progress Exercise 2

1. The document summarizes progress exercises from a course that involve linear functions, graphs of linear equations, calculating slopes and intercepts of lines, and constructing linear demand and supply functions. 2. It provides examples of calculating total cost functions from fixed and variable costs, determining intercepts and slopes of lines from points, and using linear demand and supply equations to calculate quantity changes from price changes. 3. Key concepts covered include linear equations, total cost functions, demand and supply elasticity, and using linear models to show relationships between variables like price and quantity.

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Monica Oktafani
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
24 views

Progress Exercise 2

1. The document summarizes progress exercises from a course that involve linear functions, graphs of linear equations, calculating slopes and intercepts of lines, and constructing linear demand and supply functions. 2. It provides examples of calculating total cost functions from fixed and variable costs, determining intercepts and slopes of lines from points, and using linear demand and supply equations to calculate quantity changes from price changes. 3. Key concepts covered include linear equations, total cost functions, demand and supply elasticity, and using linear models to show relationships between variables like price and quantity.

Uploaded by

Monica Oktafani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Kerjakan Progress Exercise 2.1; sampai 2.

7 yang mengandung unsur nomer satu dan lima


2. Pekerjaan diketik di kertas A.4, time roman, dan font 12
3. Pekerjaan diupload di situs kuliah sebelum tenggat waktu

PROGRESS EXERCISES 2.1

1. Plot the points (-2,0), (0,2), (2,4), (4,6) and (5,7). The plotted points lie on a straight
line. Measure the slope and vertical intercept.

7
Slope positif
6
7
Slope   1
5 7

4 7
3
Jadi, slope = 1 dan vertical int cept = 2
2
Y-intercep 2
1 7
= r
-2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
e
6. Gambarlah garis dengan
t slope = -2, y-intercept = 0

-2

PROGRESS EXCERCISES 2.2

1. Deduce the equations of the lines in PROGRESS EXERCISES 2.1, questions 3, 4, 5, 6.


Slope = 2, y-intercept = 0
equation
y = 2x

Slope = 1, y-intercept = -2
equation =
y=x-2
Slope = -2, y-intercept = 0
equation =
y = -2x

Slope = -1, y-intercept = 2


equation =
y=2-x
y = -x + 2

2. (See queation 4) For each line (a), (b), (c )

i. Question 4 : (write the equations in the form x = g(y) and showing both intercepts

a) 2y - 5x + 10 = 0
-5x = -2y - 10
-x = -0,4y - 2
x = 0,4y + 2

x-intercept = 2, y-intercept = -5, m = 0,4

b) x= 10 - 2y
x= -2y + 10

x-intercept = 10, y-intercept = -10/-2 = 5, m = -2

c) y + 5x = 15
5x = -y + 15
x = -0,2y + 3

x-intercept = 3, y-intercept = 15, m = -0,2

PROGRESS EXERCISES 2.3


1. A. Calculate the slopes and intercepts
i. y = 10 - 2,5x
x-intercept = 10 / 2,5
x-intercept = 4
y-intercept = 10
m = -2,5

ii. y = -2,5 + 10x


x-intercept = 2,5 / 10
x-intercept = 0,25
y-intercept = -2,5
m = 10

iii. 4y + 2x = 60
4y = 60 - 2x
y = 15 - 0,5x
x-intercept = 60 / 2
x-intercept = 30
y-intercept = 15
m = -0,5

5. (See question 4)
a) Express the supply function given in question 4 in the form Q = f(P)
Q = -250 + 0,5P

b) Hence, determine the increase in the number of litres supplied for each unit
increase in price.

m = 0,5, sehingga ketika harga meningkat sebanyak €1, produser akan mensuplai
0,5 liter tambahan.

11. Fungsi permintaan dan suplai


P = 96 - 0,8Q
P = 40 + 0,4Q

Q = jumlah pesanan, P = harga dalam €

a) Gambarlah fungsi ke dalam diagram


P = 96 - 0,8Qd P
P = 96
Qd = 120
Slope = -0,8

P = 40 + 0,4Qs
P = 40
Qs = -100
Slope = 0,4

-40 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120


Q

b) Calculate the value of Q when P = 0


P = 96 - 0,8Qd
0 = 96 - 0,8Qd
0,8Qd = 96
Qd = 96 / 0,8
Qd = 120

P = 40 + 0,4Qs
0 = 40 + 0,4Qs
-0,4Qs = 40
Qs = -100

Calculate the price when Q = 0


Pd = 96 - 0,8Qd
Pd = 96 - 0,8 x 0
Pd = 96

Ps = 40 + 0,4Qs
Ps = 40 + 0,4 x 0
Ps = 40

Berapa permintaan dan suplai yang akan diperoleh apabila harga per kamar €60

Pd = 96 - 0,8Qd
60 = 96 - 0,8Qd
0,8Qd = 96 - 60
Qd = 45

Ps = 40 + 0,4Qs
60 = 40 + 0,4Qs
-0,4Qs = 40 - 60
Qs = 50

PROGRESS EXERCISES 2.4 (Linear Functions : Cost, Revenue)

1. Fungsi biaya suatu perusahaan, TC = 5Q


a) Fixed cost ?
TC = FC + VC
TC = 5Q
Jadi, FC = 0
b) Grafik total cost

c) Berapa TC apabila Q = 10 ?
TC = 5Q
TC = 5 x 10
TC = 50
d) Berapa biaya produksi per unit ?
VC/unit = £5

5. Perusahaan produsen lampu memiliki FC = €1000/week. Biaya produksi per unit =


€15.
a) Fungsi TC
TC = 1000 + 15Q
b) Gambar grafik apabila Q = 0 - 100
c) Hitung biaya produksi untuk 25 lampu
TC = 1000 + 15Q
TC = 1000 + 15 (25)
TC = 1375
d) Berapa lampu yang diproduksi apabila total cost sebanyak €7000 ?
TC = 1000 + 15Q
7000 = 1000 + 15Q
6000 = 15Q
Q = 400

Jadi, apabila TC sebanyak €7000 maka lampu yang diproduksi sebanyak 400 buah.

PROGRESS EXERCISES 2.5


1. (0,0) and (2,1)

(2,1)

(0,0)
(ii) (2,3) and (-1,-3)
(2,3)

(-1, -3)
Hitunglah slope dari garis yang terhubung dari titik (I) dan (ii)
5. Supplier menyediakan 50 syal sepak bola dengan harga £6 per pc dan ketika
menyediakan 90 unit berharga £11 per pc.
a. Tentukan persamaan fungsi suplai dalam format P = h(Q)
P  P1 Q  Q1

P 2  P1 Q 2  Q1
P  6 Q  50

11  6 90  50
P  6 Q  50

5 40
1 50
P6  Q
8 8
1 1
P  Q
8 4
P  0,125Q  0,25

b. Berapa syal yang akan disediakan sertiap harga meningkat £1 ?

Dari persamaan diatas, apabila harga mengalami peningkatan sebesar £1 maka


supplier akan dapat menyediakan tambahan syal sebanyak 8 unit.
c. Ketika harga £8,5/unit, maka
Q = 8P + 2
Q = 8 (£8,5) + 2
Q = 70 unit
d. Ketika syal tersedia 120 unit, maka harganya =
P = 0,125Q - 0,25
P = 0,125(120) - 0,25
P = £14,75
e. Syal tidak akan tersedia apabila =
P = 0,125Q - 0,25
P = 0,125(0) - 0,25
P = -0,25
P <= -0,25
11. Diketahui jumlah permintaan tiket konser adalah 150 ketika harga sebesar €40 dan
100 tiket ketika harga sebesar €60.
a) Tentukan persamaan fungsi permintaan dalam bentuk Q = f(P) dan gambar grafik
fungsinya.
Total quantitiy = 150 + 100
TQ = 250
TP = €40 + €60
TP = €100
Persamaan
Q = 250 - (250/100)P
Q = 250 - 2,5P

b) Gunakan persamaan untuk menghitung perubahaan permintaan apabila harga


naik sebesar €10 dan turun sebesar €8
i. Perubahan permintaan ketika harga meningkat €10
Q = f(P)
Q = 2,5(10)
Q = 25

Jadi, ketika harga meningkat sebanyak €10, oermintaan tiket akan menurun
sebanyak 25 tiket.

ii. Perubahan permintaan ketika harga meningkat €8


Q = f(P)
Q = 2,5(8)
Q = 20

Jadi, ketika harga meningkat sebanyak €8, permintaan tiket akan menurun
sebnyak 20 tiket.
PROGRESS EXERCISES 2.7

1.
a) harga elastisitas pada demand negatif karena adanya kenaikan suatu
variabel sehingga diikuti dengan penurunan variabel lain.
b) P = £20
Elastisitas harga = -0,7
Perubahan persentase permintaan Q
i. Harga meningkat 5%

%Q  elastisita s * %P


%Q  (0,7) * (5%)
%Q  3,5%

Jadi, apabila harga meningkat sebanyak 5% maka terjadi penurunan


permintaan sebesar 28,5714%.

ii. Harga turun sebesar 8%

Jadi, apabila harga menurun sebanyak 8% maka akan terjadi


kenaikan permintaan sebanyak 5,6%

5. Fungsi permintaan P = 90 - 0,05Q

a) (i)

(ii)
b) Hitunglah nilai elastisitas (Ed)apabila harga sebesar
P = £20 ; b = 0,05

1 Po
Ed   *
b Qo
1 20
Ed   *
0,05 1400
20
Ed  
70
Ed  0,2857

Jadi, ketika harga sebesar £20, maka elastisitas permintaan sebesar -0,2857.

P = £30 ; b = 0,05

Jadi, ketika harga sebesar £30 maka elastisitasnya demandnya -0,5.

P = £70, b = 0,05
Jadi, ketika harga sebesar £70 maka elastisitasnya demandnya -3,5.

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