ILLUSTRATING AND

SOLVING QUADRATIC
EQUATIONS
for Mathematics Grade 9
Quarter 1/Week 1

0
OBJECTIVES:
K. Identifies which equations are quadratic and which are not.
S. Solves quadratic equations.
A. Shows accuracy in solving quadratic equation

Competencies:
i. The learner illustrates quadratic equations. (M9AL-Ia-1)
ii. Solves quadratic equations by: (a) extracting
square roots; (b) factoring; (c) completing the
square; and (d) using the quadratic formula. (M9AL-
Ia-b-1)

I. What Happened

Hello! I`m Rowel, a Grade 9

learner like you. Let`s learn
together and have fun with
Quadratic Equations. Learning
together with Math lessons is
fun! Let`s begin!

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PRE-TEST:
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose and write the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer for each question below.
1. The value of √16 .
a. 4 b. -4 c. 16 d. -16

2. The value of ±√36.

a. -4 b. -6 c. ±6 d. ±4

3. The quadratic term of the equation 𝑟 2 − 5𝑟 + 14 = 0.

a. 𝑟 2 b. -5r c. 14 d. 1

4. The constant term of 𝑚2 − 12𝑚 = 36.

a. 12 b. -12 c. 36 d. 1

5. The number that must be added to 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + ___ to make the polynomial a

perfect square trinomial.
a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 16

6. The quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 49 = 0 can be best solved by

a. Completing the square c. factoring
b. Extracting square roots d. quadratic formula

7. The product of ( w + 7) ( w + 3 ).
a. 𝑤 2 + 10𝑤 − 21 c. 𝑤 2 − 10𝑤 − 21
b. 𝑤 2 − 10𝑤 + 21 d. 𝑤 2 + 10𝑤 + 21
8. The standard form of the quadratic equation ( r- 7 ) (r + 2 )= 0.

a. 𝑟 2 + 5𝑟 − 14 = 0 c. 𝑟 2 − 5𝑟 + 14 = 0
b. 𝑟 2 − 5𝑟 − 14 = 0 d. 𝑟 2 + 5𝑟 + 14 = 0

9. The factors of the polynomial 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8.

a. ( x + 2 ) ( x + 4) c. ( x + 2 ) ( x + 4)
b. ( x + 2 ) ( x + 4) d. ( x + 2 ) ( x + 4)

10. The roots of 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 18 = 0 .

a. -9 and 2 b. 9 and -2 c. -9 and 2 d. 9 and 2

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II. What You Need to Know

QUADRATIC EQUATION → is an equation which is

in the second degree.
→ it takes the form :
ax2 + bx + c = 0
where a ,b, and c are real numbers and a  0.
→ ax2 is the quadratic term
bx is the linear term
c is the constant term.
Example: 2𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 5 = 0
2

Quadratic term: 2𝑥 2
Linear term : −3𝑥
Constant term : 5
So, 𝑎 = 2; 𝑏 = −3; 𝑐 = 5
Incomplete forms of Quadratic equation :
1) 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑐 = 0; that is if 𝑏 = 0
Example : 2𝑥 2 + 5 = 0
2) 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 = 0; that is if 𝑐 = 0
Example: 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥
3) 𝑎𝑥 2 = 0; that is if both b and is equal to 0
Example: 2𝑥 2 = 0
DEGREEE OF AN EQUATION→ is determined
through the highest exponent of the
variable in an equation.
Example: In 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 5 = 0, the degree is 2 because it is the highest
exponent.

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 A. Where do I belong?

In table 1 presents different equations. Classify these equations into two ( A

and B), and complete table 2.. Copy the table 2.
Table 1
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0 1 2 6𝑝 − 𝑞 = 10 𝑟 2 = 144
𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 8 = 0
2
2𝑠 + 3𝑡 = −7 9𝑟 2 − 25 = 0 𝑡 2 − 7𝑡 + 6 = 0 𝐶 = 12𝑛 − 5
8𝑘 − 3 = 12 2
4𝑚 + 4𝑚 + 1 = 0 𝐶 = 12𝑛 − 5 3
ℎ + 6 = 0
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Table 2
GROUP A GROUP B

B. What makes me different?

Answer the following questions:
1. From table 2(refer to Pre-Activity), which of the given equations are not
linear? Why? What are these equations called?
2. What makes quadratic equations different from linear equations?
3. What common characteristics do linear and quadratic equations have?

EXERCISE 1: Quadratic or Not Quadratic?

Directions: Identify which of the following equations are quadratic and
which are not. If the equation is not quadratic, write your explanation.
1) 3𝑚 + 8 = 15
2) 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 10 = 0
3)12 – 4𝑥 = 0
4) 2𝑡2 − 7𝑡 = 12
5) 6 − 2𝑥 + 3 𝑥 2 = 0

Were you able to identify which equations are quadratic? Some of the
equations given are not quadratic equations. Were you able to explain why?
I’m sure you did.

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C) Set me to your standard!
Direction: Examine carefully the given example to find the quadratic term(QT),
linear term(LT), constant term(CT) and the values of a, b, and c.
Given: (𝑥 − 3)2 = 4

Process: (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 3) = 4

𝑥 2 - 3𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 9 − 4 = 0

𝑥 2 – 6𝑥 + 5 = 0

QT= 𝑥 2, LT = −6𝑥, CT = 5

a = 1, b = -6, c = 5

EXERCISE 2: Set me to your standard!

Directions: Write each quadratic equation in standard form:

𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 then identify the quadratic term, linear term, constant
term and the values of a, b, and c.
1) 3𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 = 7

2) (𝑥 + 7)(𝑥− 7) = −3

3) 5 − 2𝑥 2 = 6𝑥

4) (𝑥 − 4)2 + 8 = 0

5) (2𝑥 + 7)(𝑥− 1) = 0

(Bryant, et al. 2014)

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 A. Solving quadratic equation by extracting square roots.

Learn To Solve Quadratic Equations!

Steps:

a) Write the equation in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 = c.

b) If a is not equal to 1 make it equal to one by dividing

both sides of equation by the value of a .

c) Extract the root to find the value of the variable.

d) Check by substituting each root in the original equation.

Examples: Solve each given equation by extracting the square roots.

1) 4𝑥 2 – 144 = 0 Checking: When 𝑥 = 6 When 𝑥 = −6

Solution:  4𝑥 2 = 144 4𝑥2 - 144 = 0 4𝑥 2 - 144 = 0
4𝑥 2 144
 =  4(6)2 – 144 = 0  4(−6)2 – 144 = 0
4 4

 𝑥 2 = 36  4(36) – 144 = 0  4(36) – 144 = 0

 𝑥 = 6  144 – 144 = 0  144 – 144 = 0
𝑥 = 6 & 𝑥 = −6  0 = 0  0 = 0
2) 2(𝑥 − 4)2 -50 = 48

Solution: Checking: When 𝑥 = 1 When 𝑥 = −3

 2(𝑥 − 4) = 48 + 50
2 2(𝑥 − 4) -50 = 48
2 2(𝑥 − 4)2 −50 = 48
2(𝑥−4)2 98
 =  2(11 − 4)2 -50 = 48  2(−3 − 4)2 -50 = 48
2 2
 (𝑥 − 4)2 = 49  2( 72 ) − 50 = 48  2( −7 )2 − 50 = 48
𝑥−4 = 7  2(49) − 50 = 48  2(49) − 50 = 48
𝑥 = 47  98 − 50 = 48  98 − 50 = 48
𝑥 = 4 + 7 𝑥 = 4 − 7  48 = 48  48 = 48
𝑥 = 11 𝑥 = −3

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B. Solving quadratic equation by factoring.

Given: 2𝑥 2 - 98𝑥 = 0

Solution:
STEPS APPLICATION
1)Write the equation in the 2𝑥 2 - 98𝑥 = 0
form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
2) Factor the left member 2𝑥(𝑥 − 49) = 0
of the equation.( Hint: The
common factor is 2𝑥)
3) Apply the zero product 2𝑥 = 0 𝑥 − 49 = 0
property by setting each 𝑥=0 𝑥 = 49
factor to zero.

4) Check by substituting a) when 𝑥 = 0 b) when 𝑥 = 49

each root in the original  2𝑥 2 - 98𝑥 = 0  2𝑥 2 - 98𝑥 = 0
equation. 2(0) – 98(0) = 0  2(492) – 98(49) = 0
 0 = 0  4,802 – 4,802 = 0
 0 = 0

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C. Solving quadratic equation by completing the square.
Example: Find the solution/ roots by completing the square.

Given: 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10 = 0

STEPS APPLICATION
1)Write the equation in the form
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑐 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 10

2) if 𝒂 is not equal to one, make it 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 10

equal to one by dividing both sides of 2
equation by the value of 𝒂. 𝑥 + 4𝑥 = 5
2
1
3) Get 2 of 𝑏 and square it. Add this to
4 4
both sides of the equation. The left 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + (2)2 = 5 +(2)2
side of the equation becomes a 𝑥 2 +4𝑥 + 4 = 5 + 4
perfect square trinomial. 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 9
4) Express the left member of the
equation 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 as a square of a (𝑥 + 2)2 = 9
binomial.
5) Solve for the roots by using √(𝑥 + 2)2 = √9
extracting the roots method.
𝑥 + 2 = ±3
𝑥 + 2 = 3 𝑥 + 2 = −3
𝑥 = 3– 2 𝑥 = −3 – 2
𝑥 = 1 𝑥 = −5
When 𝑥 = 1
6) Check by substituting each root in 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10 = 0
the original equation. 2(1)2 + 8(1) − 10 = 0
2 + 8 − 10 = 0
0 = 0
When 𝑥 = −5
2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10 = 0
2(−5)2 + 8(−5) − 10 = 0
50 − 40 − 10 = 0
0 = 0

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D. Solving quadratic equation by using the quadratic formula.

QUADRATIC FORMULA
− b  b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a

Example. Find the solution/roots by using the quadratic formula.

Given: ( x + 2) 2 = 9
Processs:
Expand the given equation by using the rule for square of a binomial for
( x + 2) 2 .
Rule: 1. Square the first term
2. Twice the product of the first and second term.
3. Square the last term.
x 2 + 4x + 4 = 9
x 2 + 4x + 4 − 9 = 0
x 2 + 4x − 5 = 0
STEPS APPLICATION
1. Determine the standard form x 2 + 4x − 5 = 0
2. Determine the values of , b, and c. a=1, b=4, c=-5
3. Substitute the values of , b, and c. − b  b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
− (4)  (4) 2 − 4(1)(−5)
x=
2(1)
4. Solve for the value of x. − 4  16 + 20
x=
2

−4+6 −4−6
x=and x =
2 2
𝑥=−1 and 𝑥 = −5
5. Check by substituting each solution if 𝑥 = −1 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = −5
in the original equation.
( −1 + 2)2 = 9 ( −5 + 2)2 = 9
(1 + 2)2 = 9 (−3)2 = 9
(3)2 = 9 9=9
9=9

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III. What I Have Learned
Write your answer in your notebook.
Challenge #1: Which of the following equations are quadratic equations? Write Y
if it is and N if not.
1)3𝑥 – 2 = 0 2) 𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 = 0
3) 3 – 2𝑥 = 0 4) 𝑥 (𝑥 + 3 ) – 5 = 0
5) 𝑥 = 2𝑥
3
6) ( 𝑥 + 3)2 + 8 = 0
(Bernabe, 2003)

Challenge #2: Write each equation in standard form and fill out the given table.

1) x( x − 5) = 36 2) 3x + 2 x = 0 3) z(15 − z) − 1 = 0
2 2

Standard form of Quadratic

Linear Term Constant Term a b c
Equation Term

Challenge Me!
Directions: Solve each quadratic equation below using the appropriate method
of solving quadratic equation. Locate your answer at the second row of the bottle
below and cross out the corresponding letter above it. What is the message
formed out of the letters that were not crossed out?

1) 2𝑥 2 = 2. 4) 𝑥 2 -6𝑥 + 9 = 49 7. 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 14 = 0
2) 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 64 5) (𝑥 – 4)2 = 25
3) (𝑥 – 7)2 = 16 6) 𝑥 2 -10𝑥 – 25 = 9

M B A Q T R C H I G S F K U N
-8  1 -4 +7 +2 10 +9 11 -7 +7 +3 -3 7 +3 -3
-6 +1 -9 +8 -4 -1 3 +9 -9 +4 -4 -2 +5 -5

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POST TEST

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose and write the letter that corresponds to

the correct answer for each question below.
1. Below are quadratic equation, except
a. 3𝑥 − 2 = 0 c. ( x-1) ( x+) = 0
b. 𝑥 + 3𝑥 = 0
2
d. (𝑥 − 2)2 = 0

2. The linear term of 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 = 0

b. 𝑥 2 b. 2x c. -2x d. -8

3. The standard form of quadratic equation 𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) = 36.

a. 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 = 36 c. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 36 = 0
b. 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 36 = 0 d. 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 36 = 0

4. The quadratic equation 𝑥 2 = 25 can be best solved by

a. Quadratic formula c. factoring
b. Completing the square d. extracting square roots

5. The roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 20 = 0, are

a. -5 and 4 b. 5 and -4 c. -5 and -4 d. 5 and 4

6. The factors of the polynomial 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 10

a. (𝑥 − 10)(𝑥 + 1) c. (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 2)
b. (𝑥 + 10)(𝑥 − 1) d. (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 2)

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent
JOELYZA M. ARCILLA, EdD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

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Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

NILITA L. RAGAY, EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
CID Chief

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)

ELISA L. BAGUIO, EdD

Division Education Program Supervisor – MATHEMATICS
MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

NORFREDA C. VALENTIN
Writer

CHRISTIAN EVEN D. SANTILLAN

Lay-out Artist/Illustrator

_________________________________

ALPHA QA TEAM
FLORENCIO BARTOLO JR.
TERESITA P. BUBOLE
CHRISTIAN EVEN D. SANTILLAN
MELBA S. TUMARONG

ENHANCEMENT TEAM
ELIZABETH A. ALAP-AP
EPIFANIA Q. CUEVAS
NIDA BARBARA S. SUASIN
VRENDIE P. SYGACO
MELBA S. TUMARONG
HANNAHLY I. UMALI
TERESITA P. BUBOLE

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 13
What Have I learned?
CHALLENGE 2 Challenge 1.
Standard form of Quadratic Linear Con a
Equation Term Term stan b c
t 1. N
Ter 2. Y
m
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 36 = 0 𝑥2 -5x -36 1 -5 -36 3. N
4. Y
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 36 = 0 𝑥2 3x 2 1 3 2 5. N
5𝑥 2 = 0 5𝑥 2 0 0 5 0 0
6. Y
7. Y
8. N
9. Y
10. N Challenge
Me: Math is fun.
What makes me
different?
Pre-test
Exercise1.
1. a
1. N
2. c
Post 2. Y
3. a
test 3. N
4. d
4. Y
1 .a 5. b
5. Y
2. c 6. b
3. d Exercise 2. 7. d
4. d 8. b
5. b 1. −2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 7 = 0 9. c
6. d 2. 𝑥 2 − 46 = 0 10. a
3. 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5 = 0
4. 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 24 = 0
5. 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7 = 0
ANSWER KEY
Singapore: Alkem Company (S) PTE. LTD.
Bernabe, J., Dilao, S., Orines, F. 2003. Intermediate Algebra for Second Year.
City: Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
Acelajado, M. 2003. New High School Mathematics for Second Year. Makati
Pasig City: DepEd-IMCS
Bryant, M., et al. 2014. Mathematics Grade 9 Learner’s Materials First Edition.
REFERENCES