Ultrasonic testing

Coursework 2

1. The velocity of surface wave is approximately what fraction of shear waves in

the same material
a. Two times
b. Four times
c. One half
d. Nine teeths

2. Which of the following is probe likely to have the smallest attenuation

factor
a. An aluminium forging
b. A steel ingot
c. An Aluminium casting
d. A steel casting
3. When plotting an indication on beam profile plotting chart a full skip angle
examination the following assumption is made?
a. That the edges of beam spread are parallel to the center of beam
b. That the back wall component is parallel to the inspection surface
c. That the stand off is twice the measured vale
d. That the effect of beam spread is not considered
4. A calibrated CRT screen is necessary for
a. Measurement of signal amplitudes to determine distance to the
reflector
b. Measurement of electric current generated by the piezoelectric
crystal
c. Measurement of distance from the beginning to the end of the
scan path
 d. Measurement of distance along the sound path to establish
thickness or reflector location.
5. 6dB drop sizing can be used for determining the length of the defect in
component
a. Under all circumstance
b. Only when 20db drop sizing cannot be used
c. If the length of the defect is greater than the beam spread of the
probe at the maximum range of inspection
d. If the length of the defect is greater than the beam spread of the
probe at which the defect was detected
6. A compression wave enters an Aluminium component at right angle to the
component surface. If the source of the compression wave is water, the
percentage of ultrasound transmitted across the water/ Aluminium interface
is:
a. 29%
b. 39%
c. 3.63%
d. None of the above
7. The 20 db beam spread of an ultrasonic probe is best determited
a. Using A5 calibration block
b. From manufacture’s data
c. Using A2 calibration block
d. Using the formula sin(a/2) = 1.08*V/DF where V is the velocity of
ultrasound, D is the crystal diameter and F is the frequency of the
probe
8. The dead zone of the probe is
a. An are of the ultrasound beam, near surface, where the ability of
the probe to detect signal impaired
b. The barrier between crystal halves in a twin crystal probe
c. The extremities of the beam spread beyond the 20db drop beam
spread lines
d. Is another name for the near field
9. An ultrasonic detector displaying pulse representing the magnitude of
reflected ultrasound as a function of time or depth of metal is said to contain
a. A continuous wave display
b. An A-scan presentation
c. A B-scan presentation
d. A C-scan presentation
10.The resolution of an ultrasonic probe is
 a. Dependent on the range calibration on a flaw detector
b. Dependent on the orientation of ultrasound beam to a defect
c. Dependent on importance in ultrasonics
11.As the impedance ratio of two dissimilar material increase, the percentage of
sound coupled through an interface of such material
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. Is not changed
d. May increases or decreases
12.Beam divergence is function of the dimension of the crystal and the
wavelength of the beam transmitted through a medium and:
a. Increases if frequency or crystal diameter decreases
b. Decreases if frequency or crystal diameter decreases
c. Increase if frequency is increased or crystal diameter decreased
d. Decrease if frequency is increased or crystal diameter decreased
13.While testing a component an operator notices a severe drop in the amplitude
of the back wall echo on the flaw detector A-scan display. This is probably
caused by:
a. A loss of couple between the probe and surface of the component
b. A change in the shape of component
c. A discontinuity the reflective face of which, is badly oriented to
the beam
d. All of the above are possible explanation
14.Setting sensitive level:
a. The care that an operator takes in preparing for a component
examination
b. The measurement of surface condition and its affect on the
amplitude of an back wall echo
c. The determination of the size of the smallest indicator that can be
guaranteed will be found
d. The setting of the signal, from of known size, to a specified
amplitude
15.The higher the frequency of the transducer penetration
a. Greater beam spread and better penetration
b. Less the beam spread and the greater the sensitivity and
resolution
c. Less the ultrasound beam attenuates thus increasing penetration
d. Less the sensitivity and the greater the penetration
16.The choice of a couple is largely dependent upon
 a. Test specimen grain structure
b. Geometry or shape of the test specimen
c. Surface condition of the specimen
d. Test specimen size
17.A range of angle of ultrasonic beams are used in the examination of a
component
a. To ensure that all orientation of defect are detected
b. Only if that component contain a weld
c. Only if the orientation of the defect within the component has to
be determined
d. If access can only be gained from one side of the component
18.Ultrasonic probe containing a single crystal can be used as:
a. Transmitter only
b. Receiver only
c. Transmitter and receiver
d. All of the above
19.In the basic pulse echo instrument, the synchronizer, clock, or time determines
the:
a. Pulse length
b. Gain
c. Pulse repetition rate
d. Sweep length
20.A testing technique in which the crystal is parallel on the test surface and
ultrasonic wave enter the material being tested in a direction perpendicular to
the test surface is
a. Straight beam testing
b. Angle beam testing
c. Surface wave testing
d. None of above
21.During immersion testing of a weld B-scan presentation system will show as
a. ‘’plan’’ view of the weld showing the are and position any defect
as seen from the enter surface
b. Basic test pattern showing the height of indication and its location
in depth from the entre surface
c. Cross section of the weld showing top and bottom surface of the
block and location of any defect
d. None of the above
22.Angle probe are identified by:
a. The refracted shear wave angle in the material under test
 b. The refracted compression wave angle in the material under test
c. The reflected shear wave angle in the material under test
d. The reflected compression wave angle in the material under test
23.Reflection indication from a weld area being inspected by the angle beam
technique may represent:
a. Porosity
b. Cracks
c. Weld bead
d. All of the above
24.Most basic pulse-echo ultrasonic instrument use
a. Automated read-out equipment
b. An A-scan presentation
c. A B-scan presentation
d. A C-scan presentation
25.Large diameter single crystal transducers are generally
a. Limited to high frequency testing
b. Limited to low frequency testing
c. Applicable for both high and low frequency testing
d. Used for testing above 10 megacycles only