Density & Pressure

Question paper

Level International A Level

Subject Physics
Exam Board CIE

Topic Forces, Density & Pressure

Sub Topic
Density &Pressure
Paper Type Theory
Bookiet Question paper

Time Allowed: 71 minutes

Score: /59
Percentage /100

A A U

>85% 77.5% 70% 62.5% 57.5% 45% C45%

1 (a) Define pressure.

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(6) Explain, in terms of the air molecules, why the pressure at the top of a mountain is less
than at sea level.

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() Fig. 3.1 shows a liquid in a cylindrical container.

container

liquid-
0.250 m

Fig. 3.1

The cross-sectional area of the container is 0.450 m.The height of the column of liquid
is 0.250m and the density of the liquid is 13600kg m
() Calculate the weight of the column of liquid.

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(it) Calculate the pressure on the base of the container caused by the weight of the
liquid.

pressure = . . .

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(ill) Explain why the pressure exerted on the base of the container is different from the
value calculated in (1)
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2 (8how that the pressure Pdue to a liquid of density p is proportional to the depthh below
the surface of the liquid.

4)
(b) The pressure of the air at the top of a mountain is less than that at the foot of the
is not proportional to the difference
Explain
mountain. why the difference in air pressure
in height as suggested by the relationship in (a).

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3 (a) Define density.

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(6) Explain how the ditference in the densities of solids, liquids and gases may be related to
the spacing of their molecules.

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(C)A paving slab has a mass of 68 kg and dimensions 50 mmx 600 mm x 900 mm.

(Calculate the density in kgm-3, of the material from which the paving slab is
made.

density ****************************** . . kgm* [2]

(11) Calculate the maximum pressure a slab could exert on the ground when resting on
one of its surfaces.

pressure
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4 (a) Define density.

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(b) Liquid of density p fills a container to a depth h, as illustrated in Fig. 3.1.

area A

Fig. 3.1

The container has vertical sides and a base of area A.

() State, in terms of A, h and p, the mass of liquid in the container.

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() Hence derive an expression for the pressure p exerted by the liquid on the base of
the container. Explain your working.

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()The density of iquid water is 1.0gem, The density of water vapour at atmospheric
pressure is approximately 600 gcm
Determine the ratio

Volume of water vapOur

volume of equal mass of liquid water

ratio=*
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****.

C mean separation of molecules in water vapour

mean separation of molecules in liquid water

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(d) State the evidence for

(0) the molecules in solids and liquids having approximately the same separation,

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(00) strong rigid forces between molecules in solids.

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6 (a) Define density.

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(6) AU-tube contains some mercury. Water is poured into one arm of the U-tube and oilis
poured into the other arm, as shOwn in Fig. 4.1.

water

71 cm

53 cm

mercury

Fig. 4.1

The amounts of oil and water are adjusted until the surface of the mercury in the two
arms is at the same horizontal level.

() State how it is known that the pressure at the base of the column of water is the
same as the pressure at the base of the column of oil.

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(i) The column of water, density 1.0 x 10*kgm, is 53 cm high. The column of oil is
71 cm high.

Calculate the density of the oil. Explain your working.

6 (a) () Define pressure.

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(1) State the units of pressure in base units.

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(6) The pressure p at a depth h in an incompressible fluid of density p is givenby

P pgh,
where g is the acceleration of free fall.
Use base units to check the homogeneity of this equation.
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7 (a) Define pressure
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(6) A cylinder is placed on a horizontal surface, as shown in Fig. .1.

diameter

cylinder

Fig.2.1
The following measurements were made on the cylinder:

mass 5.09 +0.01 kg

diameter =9.4 0.1 cm.

() Calculate the pressure produced by the cylinder on the surface.

pressure = 3
() Calculate the actual uncertainty in the pressure.

actual uncertainty **** ************************************

Pa
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(ii) State the pressure, with its actual uncertainty

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pressure = ..... .. . .
8 One isotope of iron may be represented by the symbol

26Fe.
(a) State, for one nucleus of this isotope,

() the number of protons,

number ..**************************************

(I) the number of neutrons.

numb *****************"*****************

(6) The nucleus of this isotope of iron may be assumed to be a sphere of radius
5.7x 10-15m.

Calculate, for one such nucleus,

() the mass,

mass . *********************************** kg
(11) the density.

density=..
********************************
kgm-3
141
(c) An iron ball is found to have 7900
a kg m, By reference to your answer in
density of
(bXI), suggest what can be inferred about the structure of an atom of iron.

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