MODULE WEEK NO.

6
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Christ the King College
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Christ the King College/Teacher Education Program

Introduction

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al set of skills.

Rationale

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MODULE 6: OTHER WORKS & TRAVELS ABROAD OF THE NATIONAL HERO, JOSE RIZAL

Lesson 1: Other Works of Rizal

Intended Learning Outcomes

A. Identify other works of Rizal

B. Point out his contributions to our country

Activity: Ponder on these questions.

What have you done to your family? To the church? To the society?

What do they bring out?

Discussion

1.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8c2b-zhk1DQ

Read and study:

RIZAL BECOMES LEADER OF FILIPINOS IN EUROPE

· Asociacion La Solidaridad (Solidaridad Association)

- a patriotic society, which cooperate in the crusade for reforms, was inaugurated on December 31, 1888,
with the following officers: Galicano Apacible (president); Graciano Lopez Jaena (vice-president); Manuel Santa
Maria (secretary); Mariano Ponce (treasurer) and Jose Ma. Panganiban (accountant)

· By unanimous vote of all members, Rizal was chosen honorary president

· January 28, 1889- Rizal wrote a letter addressed to the members of the Asociacion La Solidaridad

RIZAL AND THE LA SOLIDARIDAD NEWSPAPER

· February 15, 1889- Graciano Lopez Jaena founded the patriotic newspaper called La Solidaridad in Barcelona

· La Solidadridad-fortnightly periodical which served as the organ of the Propaganda Movement.· Its aims were
as follows:

(1) to work peacefully for political and social reforms

(2) to portray the deplorable conditions of the Philippines so that Spain may remedy

them

(3) to oppose the evil forces of reaction and medievalism

(4) to advocate liberal ideas and progress

(5) to champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people to life, democracy

and happiness

· Los Agricultores Filipinos (The Filipino Farmers)-

Rizal’s first article which appeared in La Solidaridad which is published on March 25, 1889, six days after he
left London for Paris

ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN LA SOLIDARIDAD

-Rizal wrote articles for La Solidaridad in defense of his oppressed people and to point out the evils of Spanish
rule in the Philippines

1. “A La Defensa” (To La Defensa), April 30, 1889- this was a reply to an anti-Filipino writing of a Spanish
author Patricio de la Escosura which was published by La Defensa on March 30, 1889

2. “La Verdad Para Todos” (The Truth For All), May 31, 1889- Rizal’s defense against the Spanish charges that
the native local officials were ignorant and depraved

3. “Vicente Barrantes’ Teatro Tagalo”, June 15, 1889- in this article, Rizal exposes Barrabtes’ ignorance on the
Tagalog theatrical art

4.“Una Profanacion” (A Profanation), July 31, 1889- a bitter attack against the friars for denying Christian burial
to Mariano Herbosa in Calamba because he was a brother-in-law of Rizal. Herbosa, husband of lucia died of
cholera on May 23, 1889

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5. “Verdades Nuevas” (New Truths), July 31, 1889- a reply to Vicente Belloc Sanchez’ letter published in La
Patria, Madrid newspaper, on July 4, 1889, which asserted that the granting of reforms in the Philippines would
ruin the “peaceful and maternal rule” of the friars

6. “Crueldad” (Cruelty), August 15, 1889- a brilliant defense of Blumentritt from the cutrillous attack of his
enemies

7. “Diferencias’ (Differences), September 15, 1889- a reply to a biased article entitled “Old Truths” published in
La Patria on August 14, 1889, which ridiculed those Filipinos who asked for reforms

8.“Inconsequencias” (Inconsequences), November 30, 1889- a defense of Antonio Luna against the attack of
Pablo Mir Deas in the Barcelona newspaper El Puieblo Soberano

9. “Llanto y Risas” (Tears and Laughter), November 30, 1889- a denunciation of Spanish racial prejudice
against brown Filipinos

10. “Ingratitudes” (Ingratitude), January 15, 1890- a reply to Governor General Valeriano Weyler who, while
visiting Calamba, told the people that they “should not allow themselves to be deceived by the vain promises
of their ungrateful sons.”Simultaneous with Rizal retirement from the Propaganda Movement, Rizal ceased

writing articles for La Solidaridad

· August 7, 1891- M.H. del Pilar wrote to Rizal begging forgiveness for any resentment and requesting Rizal to
resume writing for the La Solidaridad · Rizal stopped writing for La Solidaridad, it was because of several
reasons:

(1) Rizal need to work on his book

(2) He wanted other Filipinos to work also

(3) Rizal considered it very important to the party that there be unity in the work

(4) Marcelo H. del Pilar is already at the top and Rizal also have his own ideas,

it is better to leave del Pilar alone to direct the policy

WRITINGS IN LONDON

· While busy in research studies at the British Museum, Rizal received news on Fray Rodriguez’ unabated
attack on his Noli

· La Vision del Fray Rodriguez (The Vision of Fray Rodriguez)-pamphlet wrote by Rizal which published in
Barcelona under his nom-de-plume Dimas Alang in order to defense his novel

-In La Vision del Fray Rodriguez, Rizal demonstrated two things:

(1) his profound knowledge of religion

(2) his biting satire

· Letter to the Young Women of Malolos- a famous letter wrote by Rizal on February 22, 1889 in Tagalog

-this letter is to praise the young ladies of Malolos for their courage to establish a school where they could learn
Spanish, despite the opposition of Fr. Felipe Garcia, a Spanish parish priest of Malolos. · The main points of
this letter were:

(1) a Filipino mother should teach her children love of God, fatherland, and mankind

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(2) the Filipino mother should be glad, like the Spartan mother, to offer her sons in the

defense of the fatherland

(3) a Filipino woman should know how to preserve her dignity and honor

(4) a Filipino woman should educate herself, aside from retaining her good racial virtues

(5) Faith is not merely reciting long prayers and wearing religious pictures, but rather

it is living the real Christian way, with good morals and good manners

· Dr Reinhold Rost, editor of Trubner’s Record, a journal devoted to Asian studies, request Rizal to contribute
some articles. In response to his request, the latter prepared two articles —

(1) Specimens of Tagal Folklore, which published in the journal in May, 1889

(2) Two Eastern Fables, published in June,1889

· March 19, 1889- Rizal bade goodbye to the kind Beckett Family and left London for Paris

RIZAL’S SECOND SOJOURN IN PARIS AND THE UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION IN 1889

-In March, 1889, it was extremely difficult for a visitor to find living quarters in Paris

· Valentin Ventura- a friend of Rizal where he lived—No. 45 Rue Maubeuge, where he polished his annotated
edition of Morga’s book

· Rizal used most of his time in the reading room of the Bibliotheque Nationale (National Library) checking up
his historical annotations on Morga’s book

· Rizal was a good friend of the three Pardo de Taveras—Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera, a physician by
vocation and philologist by avocation, Dr. Felix Pardo de Tavera, also physician by vocation and an artist and
sculptor by avocation, and Paz Pardo de Tavera, wife of Juan Luna

· June 24, 1889- a baby girl was born to Juan Luna and Paz Pardo de Tavera, she was their second child · Her
baptismal godfather was Rizal, who chose her name “Maria de la Paz, Blanca, Laureana,Hermenegilda Juana
Luna y Pardo de Tavera”

· May 6, 1889- opening of Universal Exposition of Paris

· The greatest attraction of this exposition was the Eiffel Tower, 984 feet high, which was built by Alexander
Eiffel, celebrated French engineer

KIDLAT CLUB

· March 19, 1889-the same day when he arrived in Paris from London, Rizal organized his paisanos
(compatriots) into a society called Kidlat Club

· Kidlat Club-purely a social society of a temporary nature

-founded by Rizal simply to bring together young Filipinos in the French capital so that they could enjoy their
sojourn in the city during the duration of the Universal Exposition

INDIOS BRAVOS

· Rizal was enchanted by the dignified and proud bearing of the American Indians in a Buffalo Bull show

· Indios Bravos (Brave Indians)- replaced the ephemeral Kidlat Club

-its members pledged to excel in intellectual and physical prowess in order to win the admiration of the

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foreigners -practised with great enthusiasm the use of the sword and pistol and Rizal taught them judo, an
Asian art of self-defense,that he learned in Japan

R.D.L.M SOCIETY

· Sociedad R.D.L.M. (R.D.L.M Society)- a mysterious society founded by Rizal in Paris during the Universal
Exposition of 1889

-its existence and role in the crusade reforms are really enigmatic

-Of numerous letters written by Rizal and his fellow propagandists, only two mentioned this secret society, as
follows

(1) Rizal’s Letter to Jose Maria Basa, Paris, September 21, 1889

(2) Rizal’s Letter to Marcelo H. del Pilar, Paris,November 4, 1889

· According to Dr. Leoncio Lopez-Rizal, grandnephew of the hero, the society has a symbol or countersign
represented by a circle divided into three parts by two semi-circles having in the center the intwerlocked letters I
and B meaning Indios Bravos and the letter R.D.L.M. placed outside an upper, lower, left and right sides of the
circle. The letters R.D.L.M. are believed to be the initials of the society’s secret name Redencion de los
Malayos (Redemption of the Malays)—Redemption of the Malay Race

· It was patterned after Freemasonry. It had various degrees of membership, “with the members not knowing
each other.”

· The aim of the secret society, as stated by Rizal, was “the propagation of all useful knowledge—scientific,
artistic, and literary, etc.—in the Philippines . Evidently, there was another aim that is, the redemption of the
Malay race

· It must be noted that Rizal was inspired by a famous book entitled Max Havelaar (1860) written by Multatuli
(pseudonym of E.D. Dekker, Dutch author)

OPHTHALMIC SURGEON IN HONG KONG (1891-1892)

-Rizal left Europe for Hong Kong, where he lived from November, 1891 to June, 1892. His reasons for leaving
Europe were

(1) life was unbearable in Europe because of his political differences with M.H. del Pilar

and other Filipinos in Spain

(2) to be near his idolized Philippines and family

October 3, 1891-two weeks after the publication of Fili, Rizal left Ghent for Paris, where he stayed a few days
to say goodbye to the Lunas, the Pardo de Taveras, the Venturas and other friends; Rizal proceeded by train to
Marseilles

October 18, 1891- Rizal boarded the steamer Melbourne bound for Hong Kong

Father Fuchs- a Tyrolese, Rizal enjoyed playing chess. Rizal describe him to Blumentritt as “He is a fine
fellow, A Father Damaso without pride and malice”

November 20, 1891-Rizal arrived in Hong Kong

Rizal established his residence at No. 5 D’ Aguilar Street No. 2 Rednaxola Terrace, where he also opened his
medical clinic

December 1, 1891- Rizal wrote his parents asking their permission to return home.

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-On the same date, his brother-in-law, Manuel T. Hidalgo, sent him a letter relating the sad news of the
“deportation of twenty-five persons from Calamba, including father, Neneng, Sisa, Lucia, Paciano and the rest
of us.”

The Christmas of 1891 in Hong Kong was one of the happiest Yuletide celebrations in Rizal’s life: For he had
a happy family reunion

January 31, 1892- Rizal wrote to Blumentritt, recounting pleasant life in Hong Kong

To earn a living for himself and for his family, Rizal practiced medicine

Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques- a Portuguese physician, who became Rizal’s friend and admirer, who helped him to
build up a wide clientele. In recognition of Rizal’s skill as an ophthalmic surgeon, he turned over to him many of
his eye cases

Rizal successfully operated on his mother’s left eye so that she was able to read and write again.

BORNEO COLONIZATION PROJECT

Rizal planned to move the landless Filipino families Filipino families to North Borneo (Sabah), rich British
owned island and carve out of its virgin wildness a “New Calamba”

March 7, 1892- Rizal went to Sandakan on board the ship Menon to negotiate with the British authorities for
the establishment of a Filipino colony

Rizal looked over the land up the Bengkoka River in Maradu Bay which was offered by the British North
Borneo Company

April 20, 1892- Rizal was back in Hong Kong

Hidalgo- Rizal’s brother-in-law, objected to the colonization project

Governor Valeriano Weyler- Cubans odiously called “The Butcher”

Governor Eulogio Despujol- the Count of Caspe, a new governor general after Weyler

December 23, 1891- first letter of Rizal to Governor Despujol

March 21, 1892- Rizal’s second letter and gave it to a ship captain to be sure it would reach Governor

LAST TRIP ABROAD (1896)

-No longer an exile, Rizal had a pleasant trip from Dapitan to Manila, with delightful stopovers in Dumaguete,
Cebu, Iloilo, Capiz, and Romblon

Isla de Luzon-a regular steamer that Rizal missed which sailed to Spain the day before he arrived in Manila
Bay

Castilla- a Spanish cruiser wherein Rizal was kept as a “guest” on board

August 26, 1896- Andres Bonifacio and the Katipunan raised the cry of revolution in the hills of Balintawak, a
few miles north of Manila

September 3, 1896- Rizal left for Spain on the steamer Isla de Panay

July 31, 1896- Rizal left Dapitan at midnight on board the Espana sailed northward

August 1, 1896- at dawn of Saturday, it anchored at Dumaguete, capitan of Negros Oriental

-“Dumaguete” wrote Rizal in his travel diary “spreads out on the beach. There are big houses, some with
galvanized iron roofing. Outstanding are the house of a lady, whose name I have forgotten, which is occupied

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by the government and another one just begun with many ipil post

Herrero Regidor- Rizal friend and former classmate, who was the judge of the province, Dumaguete The
Espana left Dumaguete about 1:00pm and reached Cebu the following morning “In Cebu, Rizal wrote in his
diary “I did two operations of strabotomy, one operation on the ears and another of tumor.”

In the morning of Monday, August 3, 1896, Rizal left Cebu going to Iloilo. Rizal landed at Iloilo, went shopping
in the city and visited Molo. From Iloilo, Rizal’s ship sailed to Capiz. After a brief stopover, it proceeded towards
Manila via Romblon

August 6, 1896- morning of Thursday, the Espana arrived in Manila Bay

Rizal was not able to catch the mail ship Isla de Luzon for Spain because it had departed the previous day at
5:00pm

Near midnight of the same day, August 6, Rizal was transferred to the Spanish cruiser Castilla, by order of
Governor General Ramon Blanco. He was given good accommodation by the gallant captain, Enrique Santalo

August 6 to September 2, 1896 , Rizal stayed on the cruiser pending the availability of Spain-bound steamer

OUTBREAK OF PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION

August 19, 1896- the Katipunan plot to overthrow Spanish rule by means of revolution was discovered by Fray
Mariano Gil, Augustinian cura of Tondo

August 26, 1896- the “Cry of Balintawak” which raised by Bonifacio and his valiant Katipuneros

August 30, 1896- sunrise, the revolutionists led by Bonifacio and Jacinto attacked San Juan, near the city of
Manila

-in the afternoon, after the Battle of San Juan, Governor General Blanco proclaimed a state of war in the first
eight provinces for rising in arms against Spain—Manila (as a province), Bulacan, Cavite, Batangas, Laguna,
Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, and Tarlac

Rizal learned of the eruption of the revolution and raging battles around Manila through the newspapers he
read on the Castilla. He was worried for two reasons:

(1) the violent revolution which he sincerely believed to be premature and would only

cause much suffering and terrible loss of human lives and property had started

(2) it would arouse Spanish vengeance against all Filipino patriots

August 30, 1896- Rizal received from Governor General Blanco two letters of introduction for the Minister of
War and Minister of Colonies, which a covering letter which absolved him from all blame for the raging
revolution

September 2, 1896- the day before Rizal departure for Spain, Rizal, on board the Castilla, wrote to his mother

-At 6:00pm, Rizal was transferred to the steamer Isla de Panay which was sailing for Barcelona, Spain The
next morning, September 3, this steamer left Manila Bay

The Isla de Panay arrived at Singapore in the evening of September 7

Don Pedro Roxas- rich Manila creole industrialist and Rizal’s friend that advised him to stay on Singapore and
take advantage of the protection of the British law

Don Manuel Camus- headed several Filipino residents in Singapore, boarded the steamer, urging Rizal to stay
in Singapore to save his life

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The Isla de Panay, with Rizal on board, left Singapore at 1:00pm, September 8

September 25, 1896- Rizal saw the steamer Isal de Luzon, leaving the Suez Canal, crammed with Spanish
troops

September 27, 1896- Rizal heard from the passengers that a telegram arrived from Manila reporting the
execution of Francisco Roxas, Genato and Osorio

September 28, 1986- a day after the steamer had left Port Said (Mediterranean terminus of the Suez Canal), a
passenger told Rizal the bad news that he would be arrested by order of Governor General Blanco and would
be sent to prison in Ceuta (Spanish Morocco), opposite Gibraltar

September 29, 1896- Rizal wrote in his travel diary: There are people on board who do nothing but slander me
and invent fanciful stories about me. I’m going to become a legendary personage

September 30, 1896- at 4:00pm, Rizal was officially notofied by Captain Alemany that he should stay in his
cabin until further orders from Manila

-about 6:25pm, the steamer anchored at Malta. Being confined to his cabin, Rizal was not able to visit the
famous island-fortress of the Christian crusaders

October 3, 1896- at 10:00am, the Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona, with Rizal, a prisoner on board

The trip from Manila to Barcelona lasted exactly 30 days. Rizal was kept under heavy guard in his cabin for
three days

General Eulogio Despujol- military commander of Barcelona who ordered his banishment to Dapitan in July
1892

October 6, 1896- at 3:00am, Rizal was awakened by the guards and escorted to the grim and infamous
prison-fortress named Monjuich

About 2:00 in the afternoon, Rizal was taken out of prison by the guards and brought to the headquarters of
General Despujol

Colon- a transport ship back to Manila

Rizal was taken aboard the Colon, which was “full of soldiers and officers and their families.”

October 6, 1896- at 8:00pm, the ship left Barcelona with Rizal on board

Exercises

I. Q & A

2. Sharing of insights

Assessment

A. Identification

B. True or False

Reflection

. Why do we have to be socially responsible? Give 2 reasons & explain.

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Resources and Additional Resources

● Book: De Viana, Augusto V.,et.al 2018

● Internet Sources:
https://www.academia.edu/26954145/DR_JOSE_PROTACIO_MERCADO_RIZAL_ALONZO_Y_REALONDA_M
EANINGS_OF_NAME

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yv7F-S8eKAY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VysdKF3zVoA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHxh_KEm3Ds

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3KXlPajPH7M

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lG9VqgAi5jE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mK7HmivsnY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpblAg78Esw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJ_gzqDUgXs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLOVUMmC93Q

Additional Resources

● Lap top, Speaker, Modules

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