9

Science
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Prevention and Treatment
of Respiratory and
Circulatory Diseases
Science – Grade 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory and Circulatory Diseases
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Katherine P. Bangngayon
Editors: Jeorge Louie D. Anoba, Ma. Josephine A. Pleños
Reviewers: Evelyn C. Frusa PhD, Nida Y. Pastor PhD, Rolex H. Lotilla and Arvin M. Tejada
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Den R. Fernandez
Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Crispin A. Soliven Jr, CESE - Schools Division Superintendent
Roberto J. Montero EdD, CESE - Asst. Schools Div. Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM/Subject Area Supervisor
Belen Fajemolin PhD - CID Chief
Evelyn C. Frusa PhD - Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Bernardita M. Villano - Division ADM Coordinator
Nida Y. Pastor PhD - EPS, Science

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: [email protected]
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Subject Area
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Prevention and Treatment of
Respiratory of Circulatory and
Circulatory Diseases
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science Grade 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Respiratory and

Circulatory Systems,Working with other Organ Systems.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Prevention and Treatment

of Respiratory and Circulatory Diseases.

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish many things. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you
as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

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 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

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 In the previous module you have learned how the different structures of the
respiratory and circulatory systems work together to deliver oxygen rich
blood and nutrients to the different parts of the body. In this module, you
will understand and recognize the ways of prevention, detection, and
treatment of diseases affecting our respiratory and circulatory system.

Specifically, the activities in this module will enable you to explain the
negative effects of cigarette smoking on the circulatory and respiratory
systems, identify ways to detect and prevent diseases in the respiratory and
circulatory systems, and appreciate the importance of a healthy lifestyle in
avoiding such diseases.

Essential Learning Competencies:

*Infer how one’s lifestyle can affect the functioning of the respiratory and
circulatory system. (S9LT-Ic-27)

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

● Lesson 1 – Negative effects of cigarette smoking on the Circulatory and
Respiratory System.
● Lesson 2 –Ways of detecting, preventing and treating diseases in the
Respiratory and Circulatory System.
● Lesson 3 – Infer how lifestyle can affect the functioning of the respiratory and
Circulatory system.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the negative effects of cigarette smoking on the circulatory and
respiratory systems.
2. Identify ways of detecting, preventing and treating diseases in the respiratory
and circulatory system
3. Appreciate the importance of a healthy lifestyle in avoiding such diseases.
4. Infer how one’s lifestyle can affect the functioning of the respiratory and
circulatory system

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. You always hear and see the statement, “Government Warning: Cigarette
Smoking is Dangerous to your health”. How does cigarette smoking increase
the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases?
A. It can damage the normal functioning of the heart and the blood
vessels including its structure.
B. The chemicals in cigarette harm the blood cells.
C. Both statement A and B are correct
D. Only A is true

2. Enrique wants to prevent diseases in his respiratory and circulatory systems

by having a healthy lifestyle .Which of the following must he avoid?
A. Eating on time and balanced diet
B. Sleeping at least 7 hours and regular exercise
C. Avoiding vices such as cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking
D. Playing computer games for 5 hours to remove stress and then taking
a bath for proper hygiene

3. Which of the following is a negative effect of cigarette smoking on the

circulatory system?
A. Emphysema
B. Tuberculosis
C. Atherosclerosis
D. Chronic Bronchitis

4. Several lifestyles can affect a person’s risk for developing disorder in the
respiratory and circulatory system. All of the following are a negative lifestyle
except _____________.
A. sleeping late at night
B. eating unhealthy food
C. living in a stressful environment
D. avoiding vices such as cigarette smoking and drinking alcohol

5. Barbie is a grade nine student who is positive in life and wants to take care of
her respiratory and circulatory systems. Which lifestyle must she adopt to
achieve her goal?

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 A. Sleeping very late at night
B. Junk food and fast food diet
C. Drinking alcohol and smoking
D. Regular exercise and healthy diet

6. Stefan started smoking when he was in high school and was diagnosed with
a respiratory ailment 10 years later. Which of the following best describes
Stefan?
A. He has good posture.
B. He is very active in sports.
C. He can stand long hours of work.
D. He is thin, weak, and always coughing.

7. Which of the following is treated with six to nine months medication called
TB DOTS?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Asthma
C. Emphysema
D. Bronchitis
8. The following are the negative effects of smoking in the circulatory system
except ________________.
A. Asthma
B. Hypertension
C. Vascular diseases
D. Coronary heart disease

9. Which of the following best describes coronary circulation?

A. blood circulation in the tissues of the heart

B. blood circulation from the body going to the heart
C. blood circulation from the lungs to the different parts of the body
D. blood circulation from the heart going to the lungs and back to the heart

10.Maria had a pneumonia for , she prefer to be treated at home.Which of the

following is the best way of treatment?

A. Taking of inhalers and nebulizers.

B. Early detection and appropriate antibiotics.
C. Taking of antibiotic once a week for 12 weeks or every day for 9 months.
D. Elsa is eats vegetables and engage in regular exercise so she is free form
diseases.

11.Most patients or persons having a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

(COPD) have a history of:
A. Seasonal allergies
B. Cigarette smoking
C. Injection of drug use
D. Excessive alcoholism

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12.Which of the following is NOT a risk factor of having cardiovascular diseases?
A. Stress
B. Regular exercise
C. Cigarette smoking
D. High cholesterol diet

13 A disorder causing blood vessels to thicken, harden, and lose elasticity.

A. Vasodilation
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Arteriosclerosis
D. Vasoconstriction

14. What is the best way of treating people having respiratory diseases for a long
period of time?
A. stop smoking abruptly
B. introduce oxygen and inhalers
C. Stop smoking gradually,take prescribed medication,improved healthy lifestyle.
D. Long-term COPD diseases control medications include inhaled corticosteroids
without doctors prescription.

15. All of the following increase risk of developing lung cancer except__________.
A. Smoking
B. Exposure to asbestos
C. Having seasonal allergies
D. Exposure to coal products

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 PREVENTION and
Lesson
TREATMENT OF
1 RESPIRATORY AND
CIRCULATORY DISEASES
In the previous lesson you have learned the different structures of the
respiratory and circulatory systems and how they work together to deliver
oxygen rich blood and nutrients to our different parts of the body. In this
module, you will understand and recognize the ways of prevention, detection,
and treatment of diseases affecting our respiratory and circulatory system.

Specifically, the activities in this module will be enable you to explain the
negative effects of cigarette smoking on the circulatory and respiratory
systems, identify ways to detect and prevent diseases in the respiratory and
circulatory systems, and appreciate the importance of a healthy lifestyle in
avoiding such disease.

What’s In

Now, you are aware that strenuous/heavy activities may lead to an increased heart
rate. There are other factors that can increase heart rate and decrease the amount
of oxygen in the blood. In your home or in your neighborhood, what have you
observed in a smoker or alcoholic person? List down your observations on a sheet
of paper or in your notebook.

Notes to the Teacher

This Module on Prevention and treatment of Respiratory and
Circulatory disease will really be of help to you and to your
students to fully understand the topic.
For you to keep track of your students understanding always
refer to the essential learning competencies.

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10
 What’s New

Activity 1
In this activity you can determine the negative effects of cigarette smoking
on the circulatory and respiratory systems.

Procedure:

1. Look at the picture of the smoker’s body below and take note of the illnesses that
might develop due to cigarette smoking.

Lifted from:https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Browse/Search:respiratory%20and%20circulatory%20system

2. There are negative effects of smoking both on the circulatory and respiratory
systems. Below is the list of diseases or illnesses that might develop due to smoking
cigarettes. Categorize each disease whether it falls under the respiratory or
circulatory system.

Coronary heart disease Vascular disease

Pneumonia Arteriosclerosis
Asthma Chronic bronchitis
Tuberculosis Lung Cancer
Coronary heart disease Hypertension/High blood pressure

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 3.Fill/Complete the table below.
Instruction: Categorize the diseases properly. Write them on the correct column.

RESPIRATORY CIRCULATORY

GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. What can harm the respiratory system?

2. What happens if the respiratory system is not working properly?

3. What are the physiological effects of smoking to the respiratory and

circulatory systems?

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 What is It

Cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ in the body, causing many diseases
and affecting health in general. The negative effects of smoking on circulatory
system include increased heart rate and blood pressure, coronary heart disease,
arteriosclerosis, and vascular diseases. The respiratory diseases caused by smoking
are chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, cough, colds, tuberculosis, lung
cancer and other respiratory infections.

The leading causes of death around the world are diseases affecting the respiratory
and circulatory systems. However, they can be prevented simply by having a
lifestyle that promotes wellness. Circulatory and respiratory diseases begin to
develop with unhealthy lifestyle. Symptoms of these illnesses must not be neglected
and appropriate cure must be given immediately.

Depending on the respiratory and circulatory condition, medications are based on

the severity of the diseases as recommended by doctors.

EMPHYSEMA

Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. Emphysema and

chronic bronchitis are two conditions that make up chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD).Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of COPD, as well as
marijuana smoke, air pollution and chemical fumes and dust. A person with
emphysema could be treated using prescribed medication and supportive therapy
that includes oxygen and smoking cessation therapy.

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

Atherosclerosis happens when the plaque collects and causes arteries to narrow
and harden due to factors such as smoking, high blood pressure and cholesterol in
the blood. The difference between Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis is that
Atherosclerosis refers to buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances that
triggers to blood clot while the Arteriosclerosis occurs when the blood vessels that
carry oxygen and nutrients from the heart and to the rest of the body become
thickens and hardens.A person with atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis is advised
to undergo medication and surgical procedure and treatment to change lifestyle.

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CORONARY HEART DISEASES

Coronary heart disease develops when the major blood vessels that supply our
heart with blood, oxygen and nutrients become damaged. This disease can be
caused by high cholesterol foods, diabetes, family history and smoking.

Coronary Heart Disease is commonly treated with a combination of cganhe in

lifestyle, prescribed medication and in some cases through surgery.

BRONCHITIS

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the mucus membrane that lines the bronchial

tubes. The thick mucus build up causing coughing, difficulty of breathing and
heavy feeling in the chest. Bronchitis may be caused by bacteria, viruses or
irritants in the air. There is no cure for chronic bronchitis, but there are several
medications to help relieve symptoms. It is also important to avoid smoking and
smoky environments, and to drink lots of water and get plenty of rest.

PNEUMONIA

Pneumonia is an infection in one or both lungs which causes inflammation of the

air sacs. The infection is caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi.Treatment for
pneumonia involves curing the infection and preventing complications. People who
have community-acquired pneumonia usually can be treated at home with
medication such as antibiotics and pain reliever recommended by the doctor.

ASTHMA

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder caused by inflammation and narrowing of

the bronchial tubes. An asthma triggered by airborne substances, certain foods,
common bacteria and viruses. Inhalers and nebulizers are key components of
asthma treatment.

TUBERCULOSIS

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium

tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but they can also
damage other parts of the body. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis are
spread from one person to another person through tiny droplets released
into the air via coughs and sneezes. With early detection and appropriate
antibiotics, TB is treatable.Treatment for TB can vary. It may involve taking an
antibiotic once a week for 12 weeks or every day for 9 months.

Treatment for active TB may involve taking several drugs for 6–9 months. When a
person has a drug resistant strain of TB, the treatment will be more complex.TB
Dots is a short-course treatment given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy
recommended by the World Health Organization.According to WHO, "The most

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cost-effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is
by curing it.

Prevention :

The following could help prevent diseases related to the circulatory and respiratory
systems.

•Quit/stop smoking

•Eat healthy foods

•Exercise regularly

•Maintain a healthy weight

•Enough rest/sleep

•Take vitamin C to improve immune system

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 What’s More

A. Activity: Fill the box

Write three respiratory and three circulatory diseases on the first column and fill
out the required information. Write your answer on a bond paper and submit to
your teacher.

DISEASE DEFINITION CAUSE/S PREVENTION TREATMENT

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 What I Have Learned

B. Write the letter of the disease that matches the description on a clean sheet
of paper.

A. Coronary heart disease F. Bronchitis K.Tuberculosis

B. Asthma G. 9months L.Arteriosclerosis

C. Atherosclerosis H. Pneumonia M.Surgery

D. Inhalers and nebulizer I. TB Dots N. Antibiotics
E. 10 months J.Steroid

_________________1. This disease develops when the major blood vessels that supply
our heart with blood, oxygen and nutrients become damaged.

_________________2. This refers to buildup of fats, cholesterol and other

substances that triggers to blood clot
________________3. Can be triggered by airborne substances, foods, or common
bacteria and viruses.

_________________4. This is a short-course treatment given to the tuberculosis (TB)

control strategy recommended by the World Health
Organization.

________________ 5. A chronic respiratory disorder caused by inflammation and

narrowing of the bronchial tubes
_________________6. This are the key components in treating asthma

_________________7. This a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium

tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but they
can also damage other parts of the body.

_________________8.This diseases happens when the plaque collects and causes

arteries to narrow and harden due to factors such as smoking,
high blood pressure and cholesterol in the blood.

_________________9. What type of medication is important to a person having

pneumonia that the doctor recommended.

________________10. How many weeks/months of prescribe antibiotic given to

a person having tuberculosis

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 What I Can Do

Cut out different examples of unhealthy lifestyle from old magazines or

newspaper , and create a collage out of the cut outs in a clean sheet of bond
paper . Answer the guide questions below the collage.

Guide Question:
1. What might happen if a person goes on with a negative lifestyle?

2. How does our lifestyle affect the functioning of our respiratory and
circulatory system?

3.Give atleast five ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. All of the following increase the risk of developing lung cancer except
___________.
A. smoking
B. exposure of asbestos
C. exposure to coal products
D. having seasonal allergies

2. Why is atherosclerosis dangerous when found in the coronary arteries?

A. It can restrict blood flow to the heart
B. It can lead to coronary artery diseases
C. It can cause a heart attack
D. All of the above are correct

3. Barbie’s father is a smoker for a long period of time. After being diagnosed
with a serious lung disease, he decided to stop smoking and live a healthy
lifestyle by eating nutritious food and exercising regularly. What can you infer
about his situation?
A. He will not survive.
B. He will totally recover.
C. He will regain healthy body but some parts of his body still need to
recover for years.
D. He still have the chance to live for a couple of months if he will engage in
healthy lifestyle.

4. Alexa is positive in life and wants to take care of her respiratory and
circulatory system. Which lifestyle must she avoid to achieve her goal?

A. Exercising and having a healthy diet

B. Eating fruits and vegetables
C. Getting enough sleep and rest
D. Drinking alcohol and smoking

5. A disorder causing blood vessels to thicken ,harden, and lose elasticity

A. Diabetes
B. Arteriosclerosis
C. Atherosclerosis
D. Kawasaki Disease

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6. All of the following are the diseases related to respiratory system, except
______________.

A. Emphysema C. Arteriosclerosis
B. COPD D. Pneumonia

7. What treatment is given to a person with tuberculosis that involes taking

antibiotics once a week for 12 weeks or every day for 9 months called?

A. steroid
B. nebulizing or puffing
C. TB DOTS
D. Vaccine therapy

8. Gabrielle wants to prevent disease in his respiratory and circulatory systems

by having a healthy lifestyle .Which of the following must be avoided?
A. Eating on time and balanced diet
B. Sleeping at least 7hours and regular exercise
C. Avoiding vices such as cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking
D. Playing computer or cellphone games for 5 hours to remove stress

9. Billy started to smoke when he was in high school and was diagnosed with
respiratory disease 10 years later. Which of the following best describes Billy?
A. He is underweight.
B. He doesn’t tire easily.
C. He gets 8 hours of restful sleep.
B. He can do vigorous activities without experiencing shortness of breath.

10. Elsa diagnosed with pneumonia, which of the following is the bestthing that
she should do?
A. take medicines without prescription
B. ignore her disease
C. seek medical attention or follow doctor’s prescription
D. ask medicines from friends and neigbors

11. Which of the following is not a healthy lifestyle?

A. Sleeping late at night

B. Maintaining regular exercise
C. Avoiding smoking and eating green leafy vegetables
D. Eating junk foods sometimes but drinking plenty of water

12. This disease is an inflammation of the air sacs in the lungs caused by infection
and inhalation of foreign objects.
A. Asthma
B. Pneumonia
C. Lung cancer
D. Emphysema

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 13.A condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently
elevated caused by a diet high in salt, fat and/or cholesterol as well as diabetes
and family history.
A. Leukemia

B. Hypertension

C. Atherosclerosis

D. Coronary heart disease

14. An inflammation of the air sacs caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi.

A. Asthma

B. Pneumonia

C. Hypertension

D. Mouth cancer

15. All of the following are negative effects of smoking, except ______________.

A. Stroke

B. Blindness

C. Ear infection

D. Mouth cancer

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 Additional Activities

Create a short poem about how one’s lifestyle can affect the functioning of the
Respiratory and Circulatory system.

Guide Question:
1. What have you learned from this lesson?

2. What activity in this lesson did you find interesting and challenging? Why?

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 23
What I Know What's More Assessment
C D
D D
C D
D D
D B
D D
D C
A D
A A
C C
B D
B A
C B
C B
C C
Answer Key
References
Alvarez,Liza A. et al., Science Learner’s Manual,First Edition 2014 ,Groundfloor
Bonifacio bldg.Deped complex Meralco Avenue ,Pasig City, 2017 pg.20-21
Madriaga,E,Ph.D. et al,Science Links Revised Editon 2017, 856 Nicanor Reyes
Sr.St. Sampaloc ,Manila, 2017 pg.435
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Browse/Search:respiratory%20and%20circu
latory%20system

http://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-9/circulatory-and-rrespiratory-
system/04-circulatory-andrespiatory-system?Id=toc-id-11

https://health.usnews.com/conditions/respiratory-disease

https://www.everydayhealth.com/atherosclerosis/guide/treatment/

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd
SOCCSKSARGEN with the primary objective of preparing for and
addressing the new normal. Contents of this module were based on
DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This is a
supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in
all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR
development was observed in the production of this module. This is
version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]