AP2014/A

Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Features „ General Description

- Synchronous Controller in 8-Pin Package The AP2014 controller IC is designed to provide a
- Operating with single 5V or 12V supply voltage low cost synchronous Buck regulator for on-board
- Internal 200KHz Oscillator (400KHz for AP2014A) DC to DC converter applications. With the migration
- Soft-Start Function of today’s ASIC products requiring low supply
- Fixed Frequency Voltage Mode voltages such as 1.8V and lower, together with
- 500mA Peak Output Drive Capability currents in excess of 3A, traditional linear regulators
- Protects the output when control FET is shorted are simply too lossy to be used when input supply is
- SOP-8L/PDIP-8L Pb-Free package 5V or even in some cases with 3.3V input supply.
The AP2014 together with dual N-channel
„ Applications MOSFETs such as AF9410, provide a low cost
solution for such applications. This device features
- Graphic Card an internal 200KHz oscillator (400KHz for "A"
- Hard Disk Drive version), under-voltage lockout for both Vcc and Vc
- DDR memory source sink Vtt application supplies, an external programmable soft-start
- Low cost on-board DC to DC such as 5V to 3.3V, function as well as output under-voltage detection
2.5V or 1.8V that latches off the device when an output short is
detected.

„ Pin Assignments „ Pin Descriptions

Pin Pin
Description
Name No.
This pin is connected directly to the output of the
(Top View) FB 1 switching regulator via resistor divider to provide
feedback to the Error amplifier.
This pin provides biasing for the internal blocks of
FB 1 8 SS
the IC as well as power for the low side driver. A
Vcc 2 7 Comp Vcc 2 minimum of 1uF, high frequency capacitor must be
AP2014/A connected from this pin to ground to provide peak
LDrv 3 6 Vc drive current capability.
GND 4 5 HDrv LDrv 3 Output driver for the synchronous power MOSFET.
This pin serves as the ground pin and must be
connected directly to the ground plane. A high
SOP-8L/PDIP-8L GND 4 frequency capacitor (0.1 to 1uF) must be connected
from V5 and V12 pins to this pin for noise free
operation.
HDrv 5 Output driver for the high side power MOSFET.
This pin is connected to a voltage that must be at
least 4V higher than the bus voltage of the switcher
(assuming 5V threshold MOSFET) and powers the
Vc 6 high side output driver. A minimum of 1uF, high
frequency capacitor must be connected from this
pin to ground to provide peak drive current
capability.
Compensation pin of the error amplifier. An external
resistor and capacitor network is typically connected
Comp 7
from this pin to ground to provide loop
compensation.
This pin provides soft-start for the switching
regulator. An internal current source charges an
external capacitor that is connected from this pin to
SS 8 ground which ramps up the output of the switching
regulator, preventing it from overshooting as well as
limiting the input current. The converter can be
shutdown by pulling this pin below 0.5V.

This datasheet contains new product information. Anachip Corp. reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of this
product. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product.
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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Ordering Information
AP2014/A X X

Package Packing
S: SOP-8L Blank : Tube
N: PDIP-8L A : Taping

„ Block Diagram

Vc
6
3V

20uA FbLo Comp

0.5V -
+ POR
SS 8
64uA
POR
Max Ct
Oscillator
5 HDrv
1.25V Error Comp S
Error Amp +
25K Q
+ R 2 Vcc
25K -
Fb 1 - Reset Dom
3 LDrv
Comp 7
Bias 3V
Vcc
Generator 1.25V
+ 0.2V

4.0V - POR

Vc + 0.2V

3.5V -

4
GND

„ Absolute Maximum Ratings

Symbol Parameter Range. Unit
VCC Vcc Supply Voltage 20 V
VC Vc Supply Voltage (not rated for inductive load) 32 V
o
TST Storage Temperature Range -65 to 150 C
o
TJ Operating Junction Temperature Range 0 to 125 C
o
șJC Thermal Resistance Junction to Case 90 C/W
o
șJA Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient 250 C/W

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over VCC=5V, VC=12V and TA=0 to 70°C. Typical values refer to TA =25°C. Low duty
cycle pulse testing is used which keeps junction and case temperatures equal to the ambient temperature.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Reference Voltage
AP2014 1.225 1.25 1.275
VFB FB Voltage V
AP2014A 0.784 0.8 0.816
LREG FB Voltage Line Regulation 5 < Vcc < 12 - 0.2 0.35 %
UVLO
UVLO Threshold - VCC 4.0 4.2 4.4 V
UVLO VCC Supply Ramping Up
UVLO Hysteresis - VCC - 0.25 - V
UVLO Threshold - VC 3.1 3.3 3.5 V
UVLO VC Supply Ramping Up
UVLO Hysteresis - VC - 0.2 - V
FB Ramping Down
0.4 0.6 0.8 V
(AP2014)
UVLO Threshold - FB
UVLO FB FB Ramping Down
0.3 0.4 0.5 V
(AP2014A)
UVLO Hysteresis - FB - 0.1 - V
Supply Current
Freq=200KHz,
Operation ICC VCC Operation Supply Current - 7 10 mA
CL=1500pF
Freq=200KHz,
Operation IC VC Operation Supply Current - 7 10 mA
CL=1500pF
ICCQ VCC Static Supply Current SS=0V - 3.3 6 mA
ICQ VC Static Supply Current SS=0V - 1 4.5 mA
Soft-Start Section
SSIB Charge Current SS=0V 10 20 30 µA
Error Amp
IFB1 FB Voltage Input Bias Current SS=3V, FB=1V - -0.1 - µA
IFB2 FB Voltage Input Bias Current SS=0V, FB=1V - -64 - µA
gm Transconductance 450 600 750 µmho
Oscillator
AP2014 170 200 230 KHz
Freq Frequency
AP2014A 340 400 460 KHz
VRAMP Ramp-Amplitude Voltage 1.225 1.25 1.275 V
Output Drivers
Tr Rise Time CL =1500pF - 50 100 ns
Tf Fall Time CL =1500pF - 50 100 ns
TDB Dead Band Time 50 150 250 ns
TON Max Duty Cycle FB=1V, Freq=200KHz 85 90 95 %
TOFF Min Duty Cycle FB=1.5V 0 0 - %

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Typical Application Circuit

(1)
VIN=5V

Vc=12V
C8 C11
470u 0.1u
C3
1u

R3 C4 R1
8.2 0.1u 820

U1
1 8
2 FB SS Q1 R2
Vcc Comp 7 AF9410N 3.3K
3 LDrv Vc 6
4 GND HDrv 5 L1
5.6u/9.0 Vout +1.5V/7.0A
C5 AP2014 C6
10nF
0.47u
Q2
AF9410N C12 C13 C17
R6 C20 470u 470u 0.1u
22k 100p

(2)
VIN=12V

D2
1N4148
D1 C1
0.1uF C8 C11
470u 0.1u
1N4148

R3 C4 R1
8.2 0.1u 820

U1
1 8
C3 2 FB SS 7 Q1 R2
Vcc Comp 3.3K
100u 3 LDrv Vc 6 AF9410N
4 GND HDrv 5
L1
5.6u/9A Vout +1.5V/7.0A
AP2014 C6
C5 10nF
0.47u
Q2
AF9410N C12 C13 C17
R6 C20 470u 470u 0.1u
6.8k 100p
Option

Single Supply 12V Input

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Typical Application Circuit (Continued)

(3)
VIN=12V

D2
1N4148
D1 C1
0.1uF C8 C11
470u 0.1u
1N4148

R3 C4 R1
8.2 0.1u 10K

U1
1 8
C3 2 FB SS 7 Q1 R2
Vcc Comp 3K
100u 3 LDrv Vc 6 AF4910N-1
4 GND HDrv 5
L1
10uH/6A Vout +5V/5.0A
AP2014 C6
C5 10nF
0.47u
Q2
AF4910N-2 C13 C17
R6 C20 470u 0.1u
39k 100p

Single Supply 12V Input

(4)
VIN=24V
RZD
1.2K
D1 C1
0.1uF C8 C11
470u 0.1u
1N4148
D2
1N4148

R3 C4 R1
8.2 0.1u 10K

U1
1 8
2 FB SS 7 Q1-1 R2
3 Vcc Comp 6 AF4928N-1 3.3K
R3 4 LDrv Vc 5
8.2 GND HDrv L1
10uH/6A Vout +5V/4.0A
AP2014 C6
ZD C3 C5 10nF
6.2V 100u 0.47u
Q1-2
AF4928N-2 C13 C17
R6 C20 470u 0.1u
47k 100p

IZD(Њ15mA)=(VIN-VD2-VZD)/RZD
Single Supply 24V Input

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Typical Application Circuit (Continued)

(5) Dual Supply, 5V Bus and 12V Bias Input

5V L1
12V 1uH
+ C3 + C4
C1 C1 100uF 47uF
0.1uF 1uF

Vcc Vc AP1187 1.8V/1A

+
Q1 C5
HDrv AF9410 L2 47uF
AP2014 2.5V/2A
10uH
C8 Comp LDrv Q2 +
10nF AF9410 C6
220uF
R1
3.3K
Fb
SS GND R2 R3
1K 1K

C7
0.1uF

+
C9 C10 C11
0.1uF 1uF

Vcc Vc
Q3
HDrv AF9410 L3
AP2014 3.3V/1.8A
10uH
C14 Comp LDrv Q4 +
10nF AF9410 C12
R4 220uF
3.3K
Fb
SS GND R5 R6
1K 1.65K

C13
0.1uF

Dual Supply, 5V Bus and 12V Bias Input

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Typical Performance Characteristics

Load Regulation Efficiency v.s. Iout

2.0% 100%
1.8% 90%
1.6% 80%
Load Regulation (%)

70%

Efficiency (%)
1.4%
1.2% 60%
1.0% 50%
0.8% 40%
0.6% 30%
20%
0.4%
10%
0.2%
0%
0.0%
0.0 0.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 15.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 15.0
Iout(A) Iout(A)

Line Regulation Line Regulation

1.260 2.530
Output Voltage (V)

2.525
Feedback Voltage (V)

1.255
2.520

1.250 2.515

2.510
1.245
2.505
2.500
1.240
4.5 5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 12.0 15.0
4.5 5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 12.0 15.0
Vin(V) Vin(V)

Frequency v.s. Vin Frequency v.s. Temperature

210.0 240.0
205.0 230.0
Frequency (KHz)

220.0
Frequency (KHz)

200.0
210.0
195.0 200.0
190.0 190.0
185.0 180.0
170.0
180.0
160.0
175.0 150.0
4.5 5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 12.0 15.0 -40 -20 0 25 50 75 100 125
Vin(V) Temperature (oC)

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Icc and Iccq v.s. Vin Ic and Icq v.s. Vin

16.00
15.00
14.00
13.00
Icc and Iccq (mA)

Ic and Icq (mA)

12.00
11.00
Icc(mA) 10.00
Ic(mA)
9.00 Iccq(mA) 8.00 Icq(mA)

7.00 6.00

5.00 4.00

3.00 2.00
4.5 5 7 9 11 12 15 4.5 5 7 9 11 12 15
Vin(V) Vin(V)

Icc and Ic v.s. Temperature Vfb v.s. Temperature

10.0 1.30
9.5 Icc(mA)
Ic(mA) 1.28
Feedback Voltage (V)

9.0
Icc and Ic (mA)

8.5
1.26
8.0
7.5 1.24

7.0
1.22
6.5
6.0 1.20
-40 -20 0 25 50 75 100 125 -40 -20 0 25 50 75 100 125
o
Temperature ( C) Temperature (oC)

AP2014A Ic and Icc vs Vc AP2014 Ic and Icc vs Vc

21.0 20.0
Ic(mA) Ic(mA)
19.0 18.0
Icc(mA) Icc(mA)
17.0 16.0
15.0 14.0
13.0 12.0
11.0 10.0
9.0 8.0
7.0 6.0
5.0 4.0
3.0 2.0
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Vc(V) Vc(V)

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Vout Ripple Vout Ripple
Vcc=5V; Vc=12V; Vout=2.5V Vcc=5V; Vc=12V; Vout=2.5V
Iout=0.5A, Vripple=30.8mV Iout=5A, Vripple=33.2mV

Dead time v.s. Iout

Vcc=5V, Vc=12V, Vout=2.5V, Iout=0.5A, Temp=28oC
Dead time = 150ns Dead time = 150ns

Phase

Highside GATE

Lowside GATE

Dead time v.s. Iout

Vcc=5V, Vc=12V, Vout=2.5V, Iout=5A , Temp=28oC
Dead time = 160ns Dead time = 150ns

Phase

Highside GATE

Lowside GATE

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Function Descriptions

Introduction Short-Circuit Protection

The AP2014 is a fixed frequency, voltage mode The outputs are protected against the short circuit.
synchronous controller and consists of a precision The AP2014 protects the circuit for shorted output
reference voltage, an error amplifier, an internal by sensing the output voltage (through the external
oscillator, a PWM comparator, 0.5A peak gate driver, resistor divider). The AP2014 shuts down the PWM
soft-start and shutdown circuits (see Block signals, when the output voltage drops below 0.6V
Diagram). (0.4V for AP2014A).

The output voltage of the synchronous converter is The AP2014 also protects the output from
set and controlled by the output of the error amplifier; over-voltaging when the control FET is shorted.
this is the amplified error signal from the sensed This is done by turning on the sync FET with the
output voltage and the reference voltage. maximum duty cycle.

This voltage is compared to a fixed frequency linear Under-Voltage Lockout

sawtooth ramp and generates fixed frequency The under-voltage lockout circuit assures that the
pulses of variable duty-cycle, which drives the two MOSFET driver outputs remain in the off state
N-channel external MOSFETs.The timing of the IC whenever the supply voltage drops below set
is provided through an internal oscillator circuit parameters. Lockout occurs if VC and VCC fall below
which uses on-chip capacitor to set the oscillation 3.3V and 4.2V respectively. Normal operation
frequency to 200 KHz (400 KHz for “A” version). resumes once VC and VCC rise above the set values.

Soft-Start
The AP2014 has a programmable soft-start to IC Quiescent Power Dissipation
control the output voltage rise and limit the current Power dissipation for IC controller is a function of
surge at the start-up. To ensure correct start-up, the applied voltage, gate driver loads and switching
soft-start sequence initiates when the VC and VCC frequency. The IC's maximum power dissipation
rise above their threshold (3.3V and 4.2V occurs when the IC operating with single 12V supply
respectively) and generates the Power On Reset voltage (Vcc=12V and Vc#24V) at 400KHz switching
(POR) signal. Soft-start function operates by frequency and maximum gate loads.
sourcing an internal current to charge an external Page 8 show voltage vs. current, when the
capacitor to about 3V. Initially, the soft-start function gate drivers loaded with 1500pF capacitors. The IC's
clamps the E/A’s output of the PWM converter. As power dissipation results to an excessive
the charging voltage of the external capacitor ramps temperature rise. This should be considered when
up, the PWM signals increase from zero to the point using AP2014A for such application.
the feedback loop takes control.

„ Marking Information
(Top View)
8 5
Logo
ID code: internal
Part No. AP2014 X
AP2014 : 200KHz (OSC) YY WW X
AP2014A : 400KHz (OSC) Xth week: 01~52
Year: "01" =2001
1 4 "02" =2002
~

SOP-8L/PDIP-8L

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Package Information

Package Type: SOP-8L

H
E L

VIEW "A"

D
0.015x45
7 (4X) 7 (4X)
A2

C
A1

e B VIEW "A"
y

Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches

Symbol
Min. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.
A 1.40 1.60 1.75 0.055 0.063 0.069
A1 0.10 - 0.25 0.040 - 0.100
A2 1.30 1.45 1.50 0.051 0.057 0.059
B 0.33 0.41 0.51 0.013 0.016 0.020
C 0.19 0.20 0.25 0.0075 0.008 0.010
D 4.80 5.05 5.30 0.189 0.199 0.209
E 3.70 3.90 4.10 0.146 0.154 0.161
e - 1.27 - - 0.050 -
H 5.79 5.99 6.20 0.228 0.236 0.244
L 0.38 0.71 1.27 0.015 0.028 0.050
y - - 0.10 - - 0.004
T 0O - 8O 0O - 8O

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 AP2014/A
Synchronous PWM Controller

„ Package Information (Continued)

Package Type: PDIP-8L

E-PIN O0.118 inch

E1

15 (4X)

PIN #1 INDENT O0.025 DEEP 0.006-0.008 inch

7 (4X) C
eB
A2
A
L

A1

B
S e B1 B2

Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions in inches

Symbol
Min. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.
A - - 5.33 - - 0.210
A1 0.38 - - 0.015 - -
A2 3.1 3.30 3.5 0.122 0.130 0.138
B 0.36 0.46 0.56 0.014 0.018 0.022
B1 1.4 1.52 1.65 0.055 0.060 0.065
B2 0.81 0.99 1.14 0.032 0.039 0.045
C 0.20 0.25 0.36 0.008 0.010 0.014
D 9.02 9.27 9.53 0.355 0.365 0.375
E 7.62 7.94 8.26 0.300 0.313 0.325
E1 6.15 6.35 6.55 0.242 0.250 0.258
e - 2.54 - - 0.100 -
L 2.92 3.3 3.81 0.115 0.130 0.150
eB 8.38 8.89 9.70 0.330 0.350 0.382
S 0.71 0.84 0.97 0.028 0.033 0.038

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