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Sgi 2.1 Function Operations and Composition of Functions

This document provides examples and exercises on function operations and composition of functions. It defines how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide functions, as well as how to compose functions. For function operations, the domain is the intersection of the individual function domains, excluding values making the denominator equal to zero. For composition, f ◦ g(x) = f(g(x)), and the domain includes all x values where g(x) is in the domain of f. Examples are provided to demonstrate both function operations and composition.

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215 views

Sgi 2.1 Function Operations and Composition of Functions

This document provides examples and exercises on function operations and composition of functions. It defines how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide functions, as well as how to compose functions. For function operations, the domain is the intersection of the individual function domains, excluding values making the denominator equal to zero. For composition, f ◦ g(x) = f(g(x)), and the domain includes all x values where g(x) is in the domain of f. Examples are provided to demonstrate both function operations and composition.

Uploaded by

Kay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

1-6 Study Guide and Intervention


Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Operations with Functions Two functions can be added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided to form a new function.
For the new function, the domain consists of the intersection of the domains of the two functions, excluding values that
make a denominator equal to zero.

Example 1: Given f(x) = 𝒙𝟐 – x – 6 and g(x) = x + 2, find each function and its domain.
a. (f + g)(x) 𝒇
b. ( ) (x)
𝒈
(f + g)x = f(x) + g(x)
𝑓 𝑓(𝑥)
2 ( )x=
=𝑥 –x–6+x+2 𝑔 𝑔(𝑥)

𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 6
= 𝑥2 – 4 = 𝑥+2
The domains of f and g are both (–∞, ∞), so the domain (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2)
of (f + g) is (–∞, ∞). = =x–3
𝑥+2

The domains of f and g are both (–∞, ∞), but x = –2


𝑓
yields a zero in the denominator of . So, the domain is
𝑔
{x | x ≠ –2, x ∈ ℝ}

𝟏
Example 2: Given f(x) = 𝒙𝟐 – 3 and g(x) = 𝒙 , find each function and its domain.
a. (f – g)(x) b. (f • g)(x)
(f – g)x = f(x) – g(x) (f • g)x = f(x) • g(x)
1 1
= 𝑥2 – 3 – 𝑥 = (x2 – 3) 𝑥
3
=x–𝑥

The domain of f is (–∞, ∞) and the domain of g is (−∞, The domain of f is (–∞, ∞) and the domain of g is (−∞,
0) ∪ (0, ∞), so the domain of (f – g) is (−∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞). 0) ∪ (0, ∞), so the domain of (f – g) is (−∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞).

Exercises
𝒇
Find (f + g)(x), (f – g)(x), (f • g)(x), and (𝒈) (x) for each f(x) and g(x). State the domain of each new function.

2
1. f(x) = 𝑥 2 – 1, g(x) = 𝑥 2. f(x) = 𝑥 2 + 4x − 7, g(x) = √𝑥

Chapter 1 32 Glencoe Precalculus


NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

1-6 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)


Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Compositions of Functions In a function composition, the result of one function is used to evaluate a second function.

Given functions f and g, the composite function f ◦ g can be described by the equation [f ◦ g](x) = f[g(x)]. The domain of f ◦
g includes all x-values in the domain of g for which g(x) is in the domain of f.

Example: Given f(x) = 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 2x – 1 and g(x) = 4x + 2, find [f ◦ g](x) and [g ◦ f](x).
[f ◦ g](x) = f[g(x)] Definition of composite functions

= f(4x + 2) Replace g(x) with 4x + 2.

= 3(4𝑥 + 2)2 + 2(4x + 2) – 1 Substitute 4x + 2 for x in f(x).

= 3(16𝑥 2 + 16x + 4) + 8x + 4 – 1 Simplify.

= 48𝑥 2 + 56x + 15

[g ◦ f](x) = g(f(x)) Definition of composite functions

= g(3𝑥 2 + 2x – 1) Replace f(x) with 3𝑥 2 + 2x – 1.

= 4(3𝑥 2 + 2x – 1) + 2 Substitute 3𝑥 2 + 2x – 1 for x in g(x).

= 12𝑥 2 + 8x – 2 Simplify.

Exercises
For each pair of functions, find [f ◦ g](x), [g ◦ f](x), and [f ◦ g](4).
1
1. f(x) = 2x + 1, g(x) = 𝑥 2 – 2x – 4 2. f(x) = 3𝑥 2 − 4, g(x) =
𝑥

3. f(x) = 𝑥 3 , g(x) = 5x 4. f(x) = 4x − 2, g(x) = √𝑥 + 3

1
5. f(x) = 3x – 5, g(x) = 𝑥 2 + 1 6. f(x) = 𝑥 − 1, g(x) = 𝑥 2 – 1

1
7. f(x) = 2x – 3, g(x) = 8. f(x) = x – 8, g(x) = x + 4
𝑥–2

Chapter 1 33 Glencoe Precalculus

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