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SPM Chemistry (Structured Questions - Paper 02) Revision Sheet (29-09-2022)

This document contains a revision sheet for SPM Chemistry structured questions. It provides examples of questions and answers on several topics including calcium phosphate as fertilizer, fuel cells, reactions of magnesium and hydrochloric acid, rates of reactions, hydration of propene to produce propanol, ester formation, and properties of methanoic acid. Sample questions include writing equations, identifying reactants and products, explaining reaction types, and calculating quantities in chemical reactions.

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Darren Tai
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199 views3 pages

SPM Chemistry (Structured Questions - Paper 02) Revision Sheet (29-09-2022)

This document contains a revision sheet for SPM Chemistry structured questions. It provides examples of questions and answers on several topics including calcium phosphate as fertilizer, fuel cells, reactions of magnesium and hydrochloric acid, rates of reactions, hydration of propene to produce propanol, ester formation, and properties of methanoic acid. Sample questions include writing equations, identifying reactants and products, explaining reaction types, and calculating quantities in chemical reactions.

Uploaded by

Darren Tai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Student Name: Tai Zi Jun Student Number: 18078 Class: S2HE

Topic: SPM Chemistry (Structured Questions - Paper 02) Revision Sheet


Date: 29-9-2022

SPM Chemistry (Structured Questions - Paper 02) Revision Sheet

(e). Calcium phosphate is used to make fertilisers.


Kalsium fosfat digunakan untuk membuat baja.
(i). Deduce the formula of calcium phosphate.
Deduksikan formula kalsium fosfat.
Answer: Ca3(PO4)2.

(ii). What essential plant element does calcium phosphate provide?


Apakah unsur tumbuhan penting yang dibekalkan oleh kalsium fosfat?
Answer: Phosphorus.

5. Fuel cells can be used to power cars in future. The reaction is represented by the equation below.
Sel bahan api boleh digunakan untuk membekalkan tenaga kepada kereta pada masa hadapan.
Tindak balasnya diwakili oleh persamaan di bawah.

2H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2H2O (l) ΔH = -570kJ mol-1


2H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2H2O (ce) ΔH = -570 kJ mol-1

(a). (i). Draw the energy profile diagram for the reaction.
Lukis rajah profil tenaga bagi tindak balas tersebut.
Answer:

Activation Energy
2H2 (g) + O2 (g)
Energy
ΔH = -570kJ mol-1
2H2O (l)

Progress of Reaction
(ii). Explain why this reaction is exothermic in terms of bond breaking and bond forming.
Terangkan mengapa tindak balas itu adalah eksotermik dari segi penguraian dan pembentukan
ikatan.
Answer: Bond breaking is endothermic as it requires energy, whereas bond forming is exothermic
as it releases energy. In this case, this is an exothermic reaction since the energy released for new
bonds to form is greater than the energy required to break the existing bonds.

(iii). This reaction contains a catalyst. Choose from the following list, the metal that is most likely to
act as the catalyst. Give one reason for your choice.
Tindak balas ini mengandungi mangkin. Daripada senarai logam di bawah, pilih logam yang paling
berkemungkinan bertindak sebagai mangkin. Berikan satu sebab bagi pilihan anda.

Aluminium Magnesium Titanium Beryllium


Aluminium Magnesium Titanium Berilium
Answer: Titanium. Due to the fact that it is one of the transition elements, it can act as a catalyst to
speed up this chemical reaction.
Student Name: Tai Zi Jun Student Number: 18078 Class: S2HE
Topic: SPM Chemistry (Structured Questions - Paper 02) Revision Sheet
Date: 29-9-2022

(b). An excess of magnesium was added to 25cm3 of 1.0mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Diagram 5.1
shows the apparatus set-up of the experiment.
Magnesium yang berlebihan ditambah kepada 25cm3 asid hidroklorik 1.0mol dm-3. Rajah 5.1
menunjukkan susunan radas eksperimen tersebut.

(i). Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas which could be produced in the reaction at
room temperature. [1 mol of gas occupies the volume of 24dm3 at room temperature and pressure]
Hitung isi padu maksimum gas hidrogen yang boleh dihasilkan dalam tindak balas pada suhu bilik.
[1 mol gas mengisi ruang 24dm3 pada suhu bilik]
Answer:
Chemical Equation: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq)  MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Moles of HCl = Conc. of HCl × Vol. of HCl = 1.0 mol dm-3 × 0.025dm3 = 0.025 moles
Moles of H2 = 0.025 moles ÷ 2 = 0.0125 moles (due to mole ratio of 2:1 based on HCl and H2)
Max. Vol of H2 = 0.0125 moles × 24dm3/mol = 0.3dm3 (× 1000) = 300cm3

(ii). The graph in Diagram 5.2 shows the change in volume of hydrogen collected during the
reaction.
Graf dalam Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan perubahan isi padu gas hidrogen yang terkumpul dalam tindak
balas tersebut.

 State how the rate of reaction changes during the experiment.


Nyatakan bagaimana kadar tindak balas berubah semasa eksperimen.
Answer: The rate of reaction decreases as time passes by, until the gradient of the graph
reaches zero (Region X), this indicates that the reaction has totally stopped.

 Suggest one reason for the change.


Cadangkan satu sebab bagi perubahan tersebut.
Answer: The hydrochloric acid (limiting agent) has been totally used up.
Student Name: Tai Zi Jun Student Number: 18078 Class: S2HE
Topic: SPM Chemistry (Structured Questions - Paper 02) Revision Sheet
Date: 29-9-2022

6. Diagram 6 shows the structure of three organic compounds.


Rajah 6 menunjukkan struktur tiga sebatian organik.

(a). Propanol can be produced from propene through an industrial process.


Propanol boleh dihasilkan daripada propena dalam industri.
(i). Name the process.
Namakan proses tersebut.
Answer: Hydration.

(ii). State the reacting condition to produce propanol from propene.


Nyatakan keadaan tindak balas yang sesuai untuk menghasilkan propanol daripada propena.
Answer: Low temperature and high pressure, and also sulfuric acid to act as a catalyst.

(iii). Write an equation for the reaction.


Tulis persamaan bagi tindak balas tersebut.
Answer: C3H6 (g) + H2O (g)  C3H7OH (l).

(b).

(i). Name the product, X, in the above reaction.


Namakan hasil tersebut, X, dalam tindak balas di atas.
Answer: Water.

(ii). Draw the structural formula formed and name the ester.
Lukis formula struktur yang terbentuk dan namakan ester itu.
Answer: The ester is known as propyl methanoate (HCOOC3H7).

(c). Methanoic acid is a weak acid. It reacts with zinc, giving out a gas and forming a zinc salt.
Asid metanoik adalah asid lemah. Asid metanoik bertindak balas dengan zink dan menghasilkan suatu
gas dan garam zink.
(i). What is meant by a weak acid?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan asid lemah?
Answer: Weak acid is the type of acid which partially dissociates ions in an aqueous solution.

(ii). Name the gas formed.


Namakan gas yang terbentuk.
Answer: Hydrogen.

(iii). What is the formula of the zinc salt formed?


Apakah formula bagi garam zink yang terbentuk?
Answer: Zinc methanoate [Zn(HCOO)2].

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