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cw2 PVH Neelaka.

This document summarizes the design and development of an Arduino-based buck converter over six weeks. [1] In the first two weeks, the student studied buck converter operation modes and components such as MOSFETs and transistors. [2] They designed a buck converter circuit using an Arduino board, inductor, capacitor, and MOSFET. [3] After constructing and testing the initial circuit, improvements were made such as replacing the MOSFET with a diode and increasing the capacitor value to reduce output voltage ripple.

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hasitha neelaka
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57 views

cw2 PVH Neelaka.

This document summarizes the design and development of an Arduino-based buck converter over six weeks. [1] In the first two weeks, the student studied buck converter operation modes and components such as MOSFETs and transistors. [2] They designed a buck converter circuit using an Arduino board, inductor, capacitor, and MOSFET. [3] After constructing and testing the initial circuit, improvements were made such as replacing the MOSFET with a diode and increasing the capacitor value to reduce output voltage ripple.

Uploaded by

hasitha neelaka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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De Montfort University

BEng (Hons) Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Power Electronics & Generation

Coursework – 02
Development and Design of a Buck Converter

STUDENT NAME : P.V. Hasitha Neelaka

STUDENT NUMBER : T21701529

NAME OF LECTURE : MR. CHATHURA VIDANA GAMAGE


1. Week 01 (11th march 2018 to 17th march 2018)

1.1 Buck Converter


We can control the value of the dc output voltage at the light bulb by controlling the
percentage of time that this switch is on.

Figure 1 Buck Converter

• This allows us to create any dc voltage at the light bulb that is the lower than the
voltage of battery.
• Assuming that we had ideal components this circuit would be 100% efficient this is
because ideal capasitors ideal inductors and ideal switches do not dissipate any energy
as heat
• Think of the transistor ideal switch and idelal diode can also be thought of as a switch
the diode is an off switch. When it is blocking current from flowing the reverse
direction and the diode is an on switch When current flow in the forward direction.

Figure 2 Continuous mode Ideal buck converter operation


1.2 buck converter can operate in different modes:
• continuous mode
• discontinuous mode

Comparison Discontinuous mode Continuous mode

Operation
Inductor current is zero when the Inductor current flows
period between ON and OFF.so continuously, switch ON and OFF
the inductor current is not are same frequency (Switching
continuous frequency)

Inductor Low inductance High inductance

Rectifying diode Fast recovery type Requires a fast recovery type

Switching Allowable power is high Allowable power is low


transistor

Efficiency High efficiency Low efficiency


1. Week 02 (18th march 2018 to 24th march 2018)

2.1 Arduino

Arduino is an open source program for build some electronics projects.it consist of
programmable circuit board and software. Software used to write a code and upload to the
circuit board
There are shifts sorts of Arduino sheets for various types of capacities. Capacity of Arduino is
for high exchanging velocity of MOSFET.

Figure3 Arduino MEGA board

2.2 MOSFET
The metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) a type of field effect
transistor made of oxidation of silicon. It’s a Voltage controlled device. It has three terminal
such as Source, gate, and drain. The mosfet does need any input current to control the load
current. The mosfet can use in digital and analog circuits. In this circuit purpose of the
mosfet is less dissipation of heat.

MOSFET Operation mode


There are three different types depending on the voltage at the terminals.

A. Cut-off, subthreshold, and weak-inversion mode


B. Triode mode or linear region
C. Saturation or active mode

Figure4 MOSFET

2.3 Transistor

Transistor is a device that use to switch or amplify electronic signals and electrical power. it’s
a semiconductor device. It’s a three-pin device that Emitter, collector and base respectively.
Most of them are made of silicon or Germanium.

Transistor can be used as

• As a switch – These are mostly used in the digital circuits


• As an amplifier – using in mobile phones, sound reproduction, Radio Transmission

Figure5 Transistor
2. Week 03 (25th march 2018 to 31th march 2018)

2.1 Design of the Arduino based Buck regulator

Calculations

Input voltage(Vin) 12V


Output voltage(Vo) 5V
Maximum power(Po) 7.5W
Switching frequency(F) 980Hz
Inductor current ripple(ΔIL) 5%
Output voltage ripple(ΔVo) 1%

For the condition given in table 3.1 the output current should be:
Po = Vo*Io
Io = Po / Vo
Io = 7.5/5 = 1.5A
For the condition given in table 3.1 the Duty cycle(D) should be:
D = Vo / Vin
= 5/12 = 0.41

Calculation of inductor

L = Vo (1-D)/fs
L = 5(1-0.41)/1.5*0.05*980
L = 40mH//

Calculation of capacitor
C = Vo (1-D)/8*fs2 l
C= 5(1-0.41)/8*5*0.01*9802
C =162 µF//
3. Week 04(01st April 2018 to 07th April 2018)

4.1 Circuit design

Figure 6 Circuit design

Components List
1. Arduino board
2. 100 µF capacitor
3. 47mH Inductor
4. Resistors 1K & 10K
5. MOSFET – IRF4905
6. Transistor Array - UC3845
7. Diode – In4001

4.2 Arduino program


Figure 7 constructed circuit.

4.3 Results

Figure 8 Input
Figure 9 Output

4. Week 05 (08 march 2018 to 14 march 2018)


th th

5.1 Design improvements

Figure 10 Improve circuit simulation


Figure 11 Improve output wave waveform

• According to the new circuits design output voltage and current are 6.4175 V and
1.94A.
• Because power is 12.44 This improvement is not enough for our requirement.
Because output voltage and power are not same to the requirement and there is a repel
in output wave form.
• The repel can be absorbed by capacitor.
5. Week 06 (15th April 2018 to 21nd April 2018)

Second improvement of the circuits is replacing the MOSFET on behalf of diode.

Figure 12 Second Improve circuit

Figure 13 - output waveform


• According to simulation, output voltage is 5.0507V and output current is 1. 53A.Because
output power is 7.7 W.

This circuits are satisfying our requirement. But there is a repel in output voltage. It can be reduce
using high capacitors.

Third improvement is Increase the capacitor value from 150µF to 500µF.

Figure 14 - third Improvement circuit output waveform

Output voltage Repel is reduced by increasing capacitor value. But when use high
capacitance it takes more time to stable the output value. It is effect to the efficiency of the
output.
Figure 15- Reduced repel

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