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24 Blood Relations

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Blood Relations

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INTRODUCTION (a) Past generations of father : Great
grandfather, great grandmother,
Blood relation does mean biological grandfather, grandmother etc.
relation. Remember a wife and husband (b) Parallel generations of father:
are met biologically related but they are Uncles (Brothers of father), Aunts
biological parents of their own children. (sisters of father) etc.
Similarly, brother, sister, paternal (c) Future generations of father:
grandfather, paternal grandmother Sons, daughters, grandsons,
maternal grandfather, maternal granddaughters etc.
grandmother, grandson, granddaughter, (ii) Blood relation from
niece, cousin etc. are our blood relatives. maternal side:
This type of blood relations can
TYPES OF BLOOD also be subdivided into three
RELATIONS types:
There are mainly two types of blood (a) Past generations of mother:
relatives: Maternal great grandfather,
(i) Blood relation from paternal side maternal great grandmother,
(ii) Blood relation from maternal side maternal grandfather, maternal
grandmother etc.
(i) Blood relation from paternal (b) Parallel generations of mother:
side: Maternal uncles, maternal aunts etc.
This type of blood relation can be (c) Future generations of mother:
further subdivided into thr ee Sons, daughters, grandsons,
types: granddaughters etc.
Table of Blood Relations
1 Son of father or mother Brother
2 Daughter of father or mother Sister
3 Brother of father Uncle
4 Brother of mother Maternal uncle
5 Sister of father Aunt
6 Sister of mother Aunt
7 Father of father Grandfather
8 Father of father's father Great grand father
9 Father of grandfather Great grandfather
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Blood Relations 25

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10 Mother of father Grandmother

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11 Mother of father's mother Great grandmother

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12 Mother of grandmother Great grandmother

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13 Father of mother Maternal grandfather

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14 Father of mother's father Great maternal grand father

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15 Father of maternal grandfather Great maternal grandfather

16 Mother of mother Maternal grandmother

17 Mother of mother, mother Great maternal grandmother
18 Mother of maternal grandmother Great maternal grandmother
19 Wife of father Mother
20 Husband of mother Father
21 Wife of Grandfather Grandmother
22 Husband of Grandmother Grandfather
23 Wife of son Daughter-in-law
24 Husband of daughter Son-in-law
25 Brother of Husband Brother-in-law
26 Brother of wife Brother-in-law
27 Sister of Husband Sister-in-law
28 Sister of wife Sister-in-law
29 Son of brother Nephew
30 Daughter of brother Niece
31 Wife of brother Sister-in-law
32 Husband of sister Brother-in-law
33 Son of sister Nephew
34 Daughter of sister Niece
35 Wife of uncle Aunt
36 Wife of maternal uncle Aunt
37 Son/daughter of uncle/Aunt Cousin
38 Son/daughter of maternal
Cousin
uncle/maternal aunt

39 Son/daughter of sister of Fathar Cousin

40 Son/daughter of sister of Mother Cousin

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26 Blood Relations

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41 Only son of grandfather Father

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42 Only daughter of maternal Mother

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grandfather

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43 Daughter of grandfather Aunt

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44 Sons of grandfather other Uncle

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45 Son of maternal grandfather Maternal Uncle.
/maternal grand mother
46 Only daughter in law of Mother
grandfather/ grandmother
47 Daughters in law of Aunt other than mother
grandfather/ grandmother
48 Daughters-in-law of Aunt maternal
maternal grandfather/ grandmother
49 Neither brother nor sister Self

Some Important Information the Hindu Community ‘Suman’ is

about Blood Relation the name of both male and female.
A. Without the information of gender, q Shortcut Approach
no relationship can be established
between two people. For example, • While solving blood relation
If given that R is the child of P & based question, first of all find out
Q, then we can only say that P & that two persons between whom
Q are the parents of R. But we can a relationship has to be
not find out: established.
(i) R is the son of P & Q or R is • Next, try to find out middle relation.
the daughter of P & Q. • Finally, find out the relationship
(ii) Who is mother of R and who between two persons to be
is father of R. identified for this purpose.
But if we have given that P is a
male, Q is a female and R is male,
TYPES OF PROBLEMS
then we can easily say that R is (1) General Problems on Blood Relation
the son of P and Q. Further we can (2) Blood Relation based on Family
also say that P is father of R and Q Tree
is mother of R. (3) Coded Blood Relation
B. Gender can not be decided on the (1) General Problem on Blood
basis of name. For example, in Sikh Relation
community the names like Manjit,
Sukhvinder etc. are the names of EXAMPLE 1. Pointing towards a
both male and female. Similarly, in photograph, Mr. Sharma said, “She is the
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Blood Relations 27

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only daughter of mother of my brother’s Family tree :

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sister.” How is Mr. Sharma related to the

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A+

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lady in the photograph? C Q

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Sol. Here, we have to find relationship

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between Mr. Sharma & the lady in

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the photograph.

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Mother of my brother’s sister does

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mean my (Mr. Sharma’s) mother. R+ D–
Only daughter of Mr. Sharma’s
As per the question Q is the brother of C
mother does mean “sister of Mr. and C is the sister of Q. Hence, relation
Sharma”. between C & Q has been presented as
q Shortcut Approach (C –
— Q+ ) where ‘–’ sign above C
• Read the statement from right to makes it clear that C is a female and ‘+’
left to develop the relation by sign above ‘Q’ makes it clear that Q is a
using blood relation table. male. Similarly, for R and D. The
(2) Blood Relation based on æ+ ö
presentation ç R — D- ÷ has been
Family Tree è ø
EXAMPLE 2. Q is the brother of C and made. Further according to the question,
C is the sister of Q. R and D are brother A and C are having a husband and wife
and sister. R is the son of A while A & C relationship and hence this has been
are wife and husband. How is Q related
æ+ ö
with D. presented as ç A Û C - ÷ . As it is already
è ø
Sol. For such type of question a family
tree is made in which some given that C is the sister of Q and A and
symbols are used as below: C are wife and husband, this becomes
clear that A is the male member of the
‘ Û’ is used for husband & wife.
family and this is the reason A has ‘+’ as
‘___’ is used for brother & sister
its gender sign. Lastly, the vertical line
‘ | ’ is used for parents (father or gives father and son relationship and has
mother). Parents are put on top
while children are put at the æ A+ ö
bottom. been presented as çç | + ÷÷ . Now from this
èR ø
‘–’ or minus sign is used for female
family tree it becomes clear that C is the
‘+’ or plus sign is used for male.
mother of R and D and as Q is the brother
Now, adopting and using the of C, then Q will definitely be the maternal
above given symbols we can make uncle of R & D. Hence, we can say that
a family tree and solve the given Q is the maternal uncle of D and this is
problem, let us see the family tree : the required answer for our question.
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28 Blood Relations

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q Shorcut Approach relate every statement to

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'yourself'. The starting name of
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Follow the symbols for male (+)
the statement could be assumed

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and (–) female. as your name or you.

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Remember the generations and • When the statement is very long,

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relations.

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it can get confusing. So, break

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Note : In solving family tree based down every statement in the

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relations make sure that your diagram question into sub statements and
is in correct representation. solve the question.
(3) Codded Blood Relations – • Do not assume the gender of any
person in the question just based
EXAMPLE 3. If P + Q means P is on the names given in the
husband of Q, P/Q means P is the sister question.
of Q, P*Q means P is the son of Q. flow • Draw a family tree where people
is D related to A in D*B + C/A ? of the same generation are placed
Sol. C/A – C is sister of A. at the same level and the entire
B + C/A – B is brother-in-law of A diagram is in the form of a
(Sister's husband – broter-in-law)
hierarchy.
D*B + C/A – D is nephew of A
(Sister's husband's son means Remember
sister's son i.e., nephew)
So, D is nephew to A. • Concentrate on points which give
Shortcut Method : maximum definite information.
By using symbols and generation • Read the questions carefully and
relations : try identifying the persons
between whom relationship is to
Couple Sister be established. Possibly put
B C A
(+) (–) yourself in given character so that
it becomes easy for you to
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• Whilst concluding the relationship
D between two people be careful
(+)
about the gender of the person
So, it is clearly shown that D is being talked about as it is possible
nephew to A. to commit mistake by assuming the
gender of the person which is not
q Shortcut Approach
given in the data or which can't be
• The best way to solve blood extracted from the data/
relation questions, you try and information given.
ebooks Reference Page No.

Practice Exercises with Hints & Solutions – P-35-39

Chapter Test – C-9- 10
Past Solved Papers