GRADE 7 WEEK NO.

8 | MAY 10-14, 2021

RESEARCH I WORKSHEET
QUARTER 3

TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours/week

What you need to learn:

In this lesson, you will learn how to evaluate data/observations. Specifically,

you will learn how to compute for the Measures of Variability (Range, Standard
Deviation, and Variance). We Will also know when or which conditions they are most
appropriate to be used.

LESSON: MEASURES OF VARIABILITY

Understanding variability is essential to determine how varied or how close/consistent the values in
the data set are. When a distribution has lower variability, the values in a dataset are more consistent.
However, when the variability is higher, the data points are more dissimilar and extreme values become
more likely.

LEARNING TASK #1: FINDING THE RANGE

1 Range is based on only the two most extreme values in the dataset, which makes it very
susceptible to outliers. If one of those numbers is unusually high or low, it affects the
entire range even if it is atypical. So, use the range to compare variability only when the
sample sizes are similar.

TAKE NOTE!

Range (R in symbol) is easy to solve! To determine the range, just subtract the largest
value in the data set to the smallest value.

R = highest value- lowest value

EXAMPLE 1: What is the range of the data set: 20, 20, 30, 40, 50? ANALYSIS

SOLUTION: R = Highest value – lowest value If we compare the range of

= 50 – 20 DATA SET 1 and DATA SET
R = 30 2, the data set 1 with a range
of 30 has a broader range than
EXAMPLE 2: What is the range of the data set: 5, 10, 11, 15, 16? data set 2 with a range of only
11.
SOLUTION: R = Highest value – lowest value
This means that DATA SET 1
= 16 – 5
HAS MORE VARIABILITY
R = 11
THAN DATA SET 2.
LET’S TRY IT!
Solve for the range of the following data sets.

DATA SET #1 DATA SET #2 DATA SET #3 DATA SET #4 DATA SET #5
45 6 1 100 18
11 40 2 400 25
15 18 3 500 89
19 100 5 1000 87
7 89 4 800 34
R= R= R= R= R=

GUIDE QUESTION:
1. Compute for the range of each data set and write it on the 6 th row. What is the formula for range?
_____________________________________________________________________________

2. Among the 5 data sets, which has the lowest variability? ________________________
3. Among the 5 data sets, which has the highest variability? ________________________

LEARNING TASK #2: UNDERSTANDING THE FORMULA

2 Sometimes, you tend to be overwhelmed and scared of solving a math problem once you
see how long or how complicated a formula is. But we will understand it step-by-step and
you will realize that it is so simple and easy. Let’s try!

Σ
Suppose the value of x are 5, 7, and 9.
Find Σ (x-3).
• This is the symbol for “sigma”
Σ (x-3) = (5 -3) + (7-3) +(9-3)
Substitute all the values of x on the
or “summation”. In statistics, it equation, (X-3). Then add all the
=2+4+6
only means that we will get the answers for summation.
= 12
“sum” or add the sequence of
any kind of numbers.
Therefore, Σ (x-3) =12.

MORE SAMPLES:
1. Suppose the value of x are 10, 14, and 5. Find Σ(x+4).

SOLUTION: Σ (x+4) = (10+4) + (14 +4) + (5 +4)

= 14 +18 +9
Σ (x+4) = 41

𝛴 (𝑥+4).
2. Suppose the value of x are 10, 14, and 5. Find
5

𝛴 (𝑥+4). (10+4) + (14 +4) + (5 +4) 14 +18 +9 41

SOLUTION: = = = = 8.2
5 5 5 5

LET’S TRY IT!

Answer the following equations and show your solutions on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Suppose the values in a data set are 2,4, and 6. Solve for Σ(x+2). ________________________

𝛴(𝑥+3).
2. Suppose the values in a data set are 2,4, and 6. Solve for ________________________
3
 LEARNING TASK #3: VARIANCE (σ2)
3 Variance is the average squared difference of the values from the mean. It is denoted by
a square of small letter sigma, (σ2). It can be solved using the formula:

2 ∑(𝑋− 𝑥)2
𝜎 = where: 𝜎 2 = variance 𝑥 = mean
𝑛
X = values in a data set n = sample size

SAMPLE: What is the variance of the data set: 2, 5, 4, 7, 10?

SOLUTION:

• STEP 1: Calculate the mean of the data set.

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + ⋯ 𝑥𝑛
𝑥=
𝑛
2 +5 +4 +7+10
=
5
28
= 5
𝑥 = 5.6

LET’S TRY IT!

Complete the table to solve for variance.

• STEP 2: To calculate the variance, we can use the formula part-by-part and creating a table.

DATA MEAN DIFFERENCE OF SQUARE OF THE

(X) (𝒙) DATA AND MEAN DIFFERENCE
(𝑿 − 𝒙) BETWEEN DATA
AND MEAN
(𝑿 − 𝒙)𝟐
2 5.6 - 3.6 12.96

1. ___________ 5.6 2. ___________ 3. ___________

5 5.6 4. ___________ 5. ___________

6. ___________ 5.6 1.4 1.96

10 5.6 7. ___________ 8. ___________

• STEP 3: Solve the ∑(𝑿 − 𝒙)𝟐.

Since we already solve the values of (𝑋 − 𝑥)2 on the 4th column of the table, we will just
add up the values under the 4th column.

∑(𝑿 − 𝒙)𝟐 = 12.96 + + + 1.96 +

=
 • STEP 4: Divide your answer in STEP 3 by the sample size or n. By doing so, you will now be
able to determine the variance.

2 ∑(𝑋− 𝑥)2
𝜎 = = = 9.3
𝑛 5

• Therefore, the variance of the data set is 9.3.

LEARNING TASK #4: STANDARD DEVIATION (σ)

4 The standard deviation is the standard or typical difference between each data point and
the mean. When the values in a dataset are grouped closer together, you have a smaller
standard deviation. On the other hand, when the values are spread out more, the
standard deviation is larger because the standard distance is greater.

TAKE NOTE!

Standard deviation, in contrast with the variance, is so easy to solve! To determine the
standard deviation, just calculate the square root of the variance.

SAMPLE: If the variance is 9.3, what is the standard deviation?

SOLUTION:
σ = √𝜎 2
= √9.3

σ = 3.04

LET’S TRY IT!

Complete the table of variance and standard deviation. If the given in the item is variance,
solve for standard deviation by finding the square root of variance. If the given is standard
deviation, just square the standard deviation (multiply the standard deviation by itself).

DATA SET VARIANCE STANDARD DEVIATION

1 1. _______________
1.2
2 2. _______________ 3.7

3 4.5 3. _______________

4. Which data set has the smallest standard deviation? _____________________________________

 5. What is the relationship between standard deviation and variability?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING TASK #5: VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

5 Let’s see what you’ve learned! Kindly write your solutions neatly and clearly.

Given the following data, solve the variance and standard deviation.

1 1 2 3 4

1. Calculate the mean.

2. Complete the table.

DATA MEAN DIFFERENCE OF SQUARE OF THE
(X) (𝒙) DATA AND MEAN DIFFERENCE
(𝑿 − 𝒙) BETWEEN DATA
AND MEAN
(𝑿 − 𝒙)𝟐

3. Find the sum of the values in Column 4.

4. Determine the variance by dividing your answer in No. 3 by the sample size (n).

5. What is the standard deviation?

PREPARED BY: RICHELLE MAVILYN A. CHING | PEDRO GUEVARA MEMORIAL NATIONAL HS