8

Science
Quarter 3 – Week 7 & 8
Module 4: Periodic Table of
Elements

AIRs - LM
Science
Quarter 3 – Week 7 & 8 - Module 4: Periodic Table of Elements
First Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: Laurence M. Lazaga

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos, Jr., P II
Rogelio C. Runas Jr.

Management Team:

Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent

Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief

Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS

Rominel S. Sobremonte, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of Science

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II

Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

 Target

In this module, you will learn that elements were arranged in the periodic
table in rows and columns according to increasing atomic numbers. This
arrangement was based on properties of elements which were found to be repeated
regularly through the elements arranged according to increasing atomic number.

You will also learn that the metals react differently with other substances.
With the help of periodic table of elements, you may be able to predict the reactivities
of metals.

This module will provide you information and activities that will help you
understand the concepts of Periodic table.
Lesson 1: Periodic Table of Elements

• Word hunt
• Periodic Table Completion
• Part 1: Metals, Nonmetals or Metalloids?
• Part 2: Metals, Nonmetals or Metalloids?
• Metals and the reactivity series
• Statement completion using Word Bank

At the end of this module, learners are expected to:

Use the periodic table to predict the chemical behavior of an element (S8MT-
IIIi-j-12).

Specifically, the activities will enable you to:

• Describe the characteristics of an element in the periodic table;

• Describe the properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids;
• Compare the properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids;
• Compare the relative reactivity of metals in acid solution;

Find ways of preventing corrosion due to the reactivity of metals.

Pre-Test
Multiple Choice: Read and answer the following questions by choosing the letter of
the best answer. Use separate sheet for your answers.
1. In the modern Periodic Table, elements are arranged ______________.
A. in alphabetical order B. according to atomic mass
C. according to atomic number D. according to the number of neutrons

2. Which best describes oxygen?

A. Oxygen is a halogen. B. Oxygen is a nonmetal.
C. Oxygen is a noble gas. D. Oxygen is a rare earth element.

3. In the Periodic Table, the vertical columns that extend down the Periodic Table are
called __________.
A. classes B. groups C. line D. periods

4. The elements in group 1A of the periodic table are called ______.

A. alkali metals B. alkaline earth C. halogens D. rare earth

5. Which of the following elements belong to the group that includes the most active
metals?
A. Aluminum B. Iron C. Mercury D. Sodium

6. Sodium is in the same group or family as _________.

A. Calcium B. Helium C. Lithium D. Thorium

7. How many periods are there in the periodic table?

A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9

8. With respect to the position in the periodic table of elements, metallic character
increases from _________.
A. top to bottom B. bottom to top
C. left to right D. right to left

9. Which of the following elements is most reactive?

A. Calcium B. Magnesium C. Lead D. Potassium

10. Which of the following elements is least reactive?

A. Hydrogen B. Gold C. Platinum D. Silver

11. In the Periodic Table, the horizontal rows are called __________.
A. classes B. groups C. Line D. periods

12. Hydrogen is an example of ______.

A. Metal B. Nonmetal C. Semimetal D. Conductor

13. Which is true about metals?

A. They are ductile B. They are malleable
C. They are all good conductors D. All of the above

14. The elements to the right of the zigzag line on the periodic table are called ______.
A. Conductors B. Metals C. Metalloids D. Nonmetals
15. Carbon and other nonmetals are found in which area of the periodic table?
A. On the left-most side B. On the right side
C. In the bottom of the row D. In the middle of the column

LESSON: PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS

Jumpstart

Have you ever wonder how scientist arranged the elements in the periodic
table? What do you think is their basis in arranging them? You will recognize this
incredible feature of the periodic table in this module, as you explore its full potential
as a source of information about the elements.

Scientists have always searched for patterns, regularities and symmetries in

nature. If a pattern can be discovered, information and data can be arranged and
organized in ways that will make it more understandable, meaningful, and useful.
An excellent example of this is the periodic table.

Discover

Activity 1. Word Hunt

Direction: Locate and circle the 10 words in the grid. Words appear straight, up
down and diagonal. Be guided with the words you are to locate inside the box at the
right side.
Note to the teacher: Provide a copy of the word hunt to the students.

S R I H T O A L B E S T GROUPS
A L K A L I M E T A L S PERIODS
Q E U L S U E R T B O V ALKALI METALS
G I A O M E T A L S L I HALOGENS
R O N G A P E R I O D S METALS
O F J E G I U Y W E S T REACTIVITY
U R L N O O N T I M E N NONMETALS
P O O S U L F U R M E E METALLOIDS
S I S E D I N I T C A M ACTINIDES
M E T A L L O I D S E E ELEMENTS
N O N M E T A L S O S L
R E A C T I V I T Y E E
 Did you enjoy the word hunt activity? These words shall be discussed to you
as you go along with the module.

Periodic Table of Elements

Elements were arranged in the periodic table in rows and columns according
to increasing atomic numbers. This arrangement was based on properties of
elements which were found to be repeated regularly through the elements arranged
according to increasing atomic number.
The modern periodic table organizes elements in such a way that information
about the elements and their compounds are easily revealed. The vertical columns
of the periodic table, called groups, identify the families of elements. Some families
have their special names. Group I is named as the alkali metals, Group 2 as the
alkaline earth metals, Group 17 as the halogens, and Group 18 as the noble gases.
Groups 13 to 16 are named based on the first elements found in their families. Thus,
Group 16 is called the Oxygen Group. The horizontal rows or periods are numbered
from the top to bottom. There are seven horizontal rows or periods in the periodic
table.
The elements are grouped into blocks or series in the periodic table. Group 3
to Group 12 constitutes one block wherein elements in this block are referred to as
the transition elements. The lanthanides and actinides are special series of elements
but are also part of the transition block; they are also called the inner transition
elements.

Figure 1. Different Groups in the Periodic Table of Elements

Illustration by: Rogelio C. Runas Jr.

Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
We can use the periodic table to identify the known elements as metals,
nonmetals, and metalloids. A stair step line separates metals and nonmetals. The
majority of the elements on the left side of the table are metals. The nonmetals are
confined to the right side of the table. Metalloids or semimetals are the elements
along the stair step line. The seven elements commonly regarded as semimetals are
boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium and polonium.

The physical properties of metals include luster, malleability, ductility and

conductivity. Metals vary in reactivity. The most reactive metals will react even with
cold water while least will not react even with acid. The ease and speed with which
metal reacts with another substance is called its reactivity. Nonmetals exist in all
three states of matter; Gases, Liquids, Solids. They are not able to conduct electricity
or heat very well and have no metallic luster. Non-metallic elements are very brittle,
and cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets. Metalloids have a mixture of
metallic and non-metallic properties. They are considered to be semi-conductors that
can conduct heat and electricity to some extent.

Figure 2. Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids

Source: 2018%20Metals%20Nonmetals%20and%20Metalloids%20ppt.pdf
Activity 2: Periodic Table Completion
Direction: Complete the missing information for each of the following elements in
the periodic table. Element Hydrogen is the example for this activity. Use
periodic table to answer the activity.

Atomic number 1 Atomic number

Element symbol H Element symbol
Element name Hydrogen Element name Aluminum
Atomic mass 1.008 Atomic mass

Atomic number Atomic number 29

Element symbol B Element symbol
Element name Element name
Atomic mass Atomic mass

Atomic number Atomic number

Element symbol Element symbol K
Element name Element name
Atomic mass 32.066 Atomic mass

Explore

Activity 3: Part 1: Metals, Nonmetals or Metalloids?

Objective:
Describe and Compare the properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids;

Direction: Put a check ( / ) in the appropriate boxes to indicate characteristics of

metals, nonmetals and metalloids

Characteristics Metals Nonmetals Metalloids

1. Zigzag line on the periodic table

2. Good electrical conductor
3. Semiconductor
4. Malleable and ductile
5. Right side of the periodic table
6. Left side of the periodic table
7. Brittle
8. Solid at room temperature
9. Poor electrical conductor
10. Luster/shiny
Activity 3: Part 2: Metals, Nonmetals or Metalloids?
Direction: Identify each element as a metal, nonmetal or metalloid.

Elements Metal, Nonmetal or Metalloids

1. Aluminum
2. Silicon
3. Hydrogen
4.Chlorine
5. Sodium

Deepen

Study the given illustration and answer the guide questions.

Metals and the reactivity series

Figure 3. Small pieces of different metals were placed in identical amounts of

hydrochloric acid. The results are shown above.

Illustration by: Rogelio C. Runas Jr.

Guide questions: (Use separate sheet of paper for your answer)

1. Describe the illustration.

Metal A _________________________________________________________________________

Metal B _________________________________________________________________________

Metal C _________________________________________________________________________
Metal D _________________________________________________________________________

2. Place the metals on order of reactivity, starting with the most reactive

__________________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________

Think about the changes that you have observed around you, particularly those
involving metals. You may also try to recall what happened when you place an iron
nail in a container of acetic acid.
3. What harmful changes are brought about when a metal reacts or mixes with acids?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are some ways of preventing corrosion of metals?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Gauge

Activity 5. Direction: Complete the following statements using the word bank.

Nonmetals Metalloids Increasing Elements

Metals Alkali metals Decreasing Groups
Upper right Periods Halogens Noble gas

1. The vertical column in the periodic table is called ____________________.

2. Elements were arranged in the periodic table in rows and columns according to

________________ atomic number.

3. The physical properties of ______________ include luster, malleability, ductility

and conductivity.

4. _______________ have a mixture of metallic and non-metallic properties. They are

considered to be semi-conductors that can conduct heat and electricity to some

extent.
5. Group 1 in the periodic table is named as ______________.

6. Most nonmetallic elements are found on the ______________ side of the periodic
table.

7. The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called _____________.

8. Elements in group 17 are called ______________.

9. ___________________ are the elements along the stair step line.

10. Elements in group 18 are called ______________.

11-12. The __________and __________are special series of elements but are also part
of the transition block; they are also called the inner transition elements.

13. __________ is the element found in group 1, period 3.

14. Au is the symbol for ______.

15. ___________ has an atomic number of 28 and its symbol is Ni.
Activity 3. PART I: METALS, NONMETALS, METALLOIDS?
Characteristics Metals Nonmetals Metalloids
1. Zigzag line on the periodic table /
2. Good electrical conductor /
3. Semiconductor /
4. Malleable and ductile /
5. Right side of the periodic table /
6. Left side of the periodic table /
7. Brittle /
8. Solid at room temperature /
9. Poor electrical conductor /
10. Luster/shiny /
Activity 3. PART 2: METALS, NONMETALS, METALLOIDS?
Elements Metal, Nonmetal or Metalloids
1. Aluminum Metal
2. Silicon Metalloid
3. Hydrogen Nonmetal
4.Chlorine Nonmetal
5. Sodium Metal
Deepen: Metals and the reactivity series
1. Metal A- There is a strong reaction with Metal A and Hydrochloric acid forming bubbles.
Metal B- There is a slight reaction with Metal B and Hydrochloric acid forming bubbles.
Metal C- There is no reaction with Metal C and Hydrochloric acid
Metal D- There is a very strong reaction with Metal D and Hydrochloric acid forming bubbles.
2. Metal D-Metal A-Metal B- Metal C
3. When metal react with other substances, the gradual wearing away or corrosion of a metal
results. This may lead to deterioration of metals.
4. Use a corrosion resistant metal, Protective coating, Corrosion inhibitors
Gauge: Statement Completion/ Word Bank
1. Groups 3. Metals 5. Alkali metals
2. Increasing 4. Metalloids 6. Upper right
7. Periods 8. Halogens 9. Metalloids
10. Noble gas 11-12. Lanthanides-Actinides
13. Sodium 14. Gold 15. Nickel
Answer Key
Pre-test
1. C 6. C 11. B
2. B 7. B 12. B
3. B 8. A 13. D
4. A 9. D 14. C
5. D 10. C 15. B
Activity 1. Word Hunt
S R I H T O A L B E S T GROUPS
A L K A L I M E T A L S PERIODS
Q E U L S U E R T B O V ALKALI METALS
G I A O M E T A L S L I HALOGENS
R O N G A P E R I O D S METALS
O F J E G I U Y W E S T REACTIVITY
U R L N O O N T I M E N NONMETALS
P O O S U L F U R M E E METALLOIDS
S I S E D I N I T C A M ACTINIDES
M E T A L L O I D S E E ELEMENTS
N O N M E T A L S O S L
R E A C T I V I T Y E E
Activity 2. Periodic Table Completion
Atomic number 1 Atomic number 13
Element symbol H Element symbol Al
Element name Hydrogen Element name Aluminum
Atomic mass 1.008 Atomic mass 26.98
Atomic number 5 Atomic number 29
Element symbol B Element symbol Cu
Element name Boron Element name Copper
Atomic mass 10.81 Atomic mass 63.546
Atomic number 16 Atomic number 19
Element symbol S Element symbol K
Element name Sulfur Element name Potassium
Atomic mass 32.066 Atomic mass 39.098
References:

Learner’s Module, K-12 Grade 8 Science 8 (Third Quarter, Science 8)

2018%20Metals%20Nonmetals%20and%20Metalloids%20ppt.pdf

MetalsNonmetalsMetalloidscutpasteActivity.pdf

science_9_chemistry_worksheet_9__metals_nonmetals_and_metalloids_2014-
2015.pdf

The%20Elements.pdf

honors%20chapter%205%20test%202010.pdf