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MICROSCOPE

This document provides details on using a compound microscope, including identifying microscope parts and their functions. It lists the mechanical, focusing, illuminating, and magnifying parts of a microscope and describes how they work. Tables show the total magnification at each objective level and the working distance. The document asks questions about how the image moves when the slide is repositioned and why centering is important before changing objectives. It also addresses how the iris diaphragm and light intensity affect focus and resolution.

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Jeanne Asio
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198 views

MICROSCOPE

This document provides details on using a compound microscope, including identifying microscope parts and their functions. It lists the mechanical, focusing, illuminating, and magnifying parts of a microscope and describes how they work. Tables show the total magnification at each objective level and the working distance. The document asks questions about how the image moves when the slide is repositioned and why centering is important before changing objectives. It also addresses how the iris diaphragm and light intensity affect focus and resolution.

Uploaded by

Jeanne Asio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME: Jeanne Erika R.

Asio
LAB SCHED: DAY: Tuesday/Friday TIME: 13:00-16:00
SECTION: BS in Biology 2-2

ACTIVITY 1: THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE

A. Identifying the Parts of a Microscope

Identify the following microscope parts with illustration:


a. All Mechanical Parts and function
b. All Focusing Parts and function
c. All Illuminating Parts and function
d. All Magnifying Parts and function

DUST SHIELD

LIGHT INTENSITY
CONTROL

LIGHT SWITCH

Figure 1. Parts of a Microscope


Parts of a Microscope
a. Mechanical Parts Functions
Arm This is the section of the microscope that connects the base and the
head, as well as the eyepiece tube and the base. It is also used in
carrying the microscope.
Body Tube It connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.
Revolving Nosepiece A rotating turret that houses the objective lenses. The viewer spins
the nosepiece to select different objective lenses.
Stage The flat platform where the slide is placed.
Coaxial Stage Control This knob moves the stage left and right or up and down.
Light Intensity Control Knob It regulates the intensity of light given by the microscope.
Base It makes the microscope stand stable on any flat surface.
Dust Shield Concave disc which protects the objective from dust.
Light Switch This switch on the base of the microscope turns the mirror off and on.
Stage Clips Metal clips that hold the slide in place.

b. Focusing Parts
Course adjustment knob Raises or lowers the stage if the objective in focus is scanner or low
power objective (LPO).
Fine adjustment knob Used to delicate focusing under the high power objective (HPO) and
oil immersion objective (OIO).
c. Illuminating Parts
Light source/Mirror Used to collect and reflect light.
Iris diaphragm Adjusts the amount of light that reaches the specimen.
Condenser Gathers and focuses light from the mirror onto the specimen being
viewed.
d. Magnifying Parts
Ocular lens (eyepiece) The lens the viewer looks through to see the specimen. The eyepiece
usually contains a 10X or 15X power lens.
Objective lens Forms the inverted image of specimen and gives initial
magnification. Objective lenses come in various magnification
powers, with the most common being 4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x, also
known as scanning, low power, high power, and oil immersion
objectives.

B. Determine the total magnification with each of the objectives on your


microscope and record in the chart.

SUMMARY CHART

Scanning Low Power High Power Oil Immersion


Magnification of
objective lens 4x 10x 40x 100x

Total
magnification 40x 100x 400x 1000x

Working distance
17-20 mm 4-8 mm 0.5-0.7 mm 0.1 mm
C. Viewing Objects Through the Microscope

1. When you move the slide slowly away from you on the stage as you view it through
the ocular lens. In what direction does the image move?

When the slide is slowly moved away from me on the stage, as I view it through the ocular
lens, the image moves towards me.

Move the slide to the left. In what direction does the image move?

When the slide is moved to the left while viewing through the microscope, the image moves in
the right direction.

2. Why is it necessary to center your object (or the portion of the slide you wish to view)
before changing to a higher power?

Because the field of view becomes smaller as magnification increases, the object must be
centered before changing objectives. If the object is off to the side, it may disappear when you
go to higher magnification.

3. When you move the iris diaphragm lever while observing the field. What happens?

When the iris diaphragm lever is moved while examining the field, the specimen gets lighter
and darker and goes in and out of focus, since the iris diaphragm alters how much light shines
up into the stage.

Is it more desirable to increase or decrease the light when changing to a higher


magnification? Why?

When switching to a higher magnification, it is preferable to increase the light. The reason for
this is that the more amount of light delivered to the objective lens, the higher the resolution.
With increased magnification, the size of the objective lens aperture (opening) decreasing
enabling less light to enter the objective lens.

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