Heat transfer

PLANE WALLS
1.What is the rate of the heat transfer(btu/hr) through a piece of celotex 3ft by 8ft by 1 in in thickness, if the temperature of the
Btu−ft
surface is 80°F and of other is 60°F? K for Celotex = 0.028 .
Hr−ft 2−° F
2.Calculate the energy transfer rate across 6 in wall of firebrick with temperature difference across the wall 90°F. The thermal
Btu
conductivity of the firebrick is 0.65 at the temperature interest.>(btu/hr-ft2)
hr−ft−° F

3.What is the heat transfer in the glass surface 0.7 ft 2 having an inside temperature of 25°F and 13°F outside temperature the
Btu
thickness of glass surface is 0.007 in the glass thermal conductivity is 1.8 2 .>(btu/hr)
Hr−ft

4.Calculate the thermal conductivity of a 4 by 4 ft test panel 0.80 in thick, if during 3 hr test period there is conducted 900 Btu
through the panel with temperature difference of 15° F surfaces.>(btu-ft/hr-ft2-0F)

Btu
5.A metal rod 1 sq.in in cross section and 6 in long heated at one end and cooled at the other. If the rate of heat input is 3 and
Hr
the difference in the temperature of the two ends is 2° F .What is the coefficient of thermal conductivity? .>(btu-ft/hr-ft2-0F)

6.A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner wall of firebrick 20 in thick followed by insulating brick 15 in thick and outer wall of
steel 4 in thick. The surface temperature of the wall adjacent to the combustion chamber is 1200 ° F while that of the outer surface
Btu−ft
is 500° F the thermal conductivity of the wall in are firebrick 10, insulating brick 0.26 and steel is 45 neglecting the
Hr−ft 2−° F
film resistance and contact resistance of joints, determine the heat loss per ft 2 of wall area. .>(btu/hr-ft2)

7.The surface temperature of the hot side of the furnace wall is 1200 ° F . It is desired to maintain the outside of the wall at 38° F . A
6ft of refractory silica is used adjacent to the combustion chamber and 4.5ft of steel covers the outside, What thickness of insulating
Btu Btu
bricks is necessary between refractory and steel if the heat loss should be kept at 800 2 used (k=13.84
hr−ft −° F hr−ft−° F
for refractory silica, 0.15 for insulating brick and 45 for steel).> in

Btu Btu
8.The wall of a furnace is made up of 9 in firebrick (k = .072 2 ) 5 in of insulating brick (k= 0.08 ) and 7.5 in of red brick
Hr−ft Hr−ft 2
Btu
(k= 0.5 ). The inner and outer surface temperature are1500° F and 150° F respectively, Neglecting the resistance of the
Hr−ft 2
mostar joints, compute the rate of heat flows through 1 ft 2 of the wall..>(btu/hr)

Btu−ft
9.Two walls are composed of 150 in thick insulating materials at the outer layer (k= 0.139 2 ) and 300 in thick materials
Hr−ft −° F
Btu−ft
at the inner layer (k= 1.11 2
¿if the surface temperature of the cold side and hot side are 25° F and 300 ° F
Hr−ft −° F
respectively. Compute the heat per area. .>(btu/hr-ft2)

Btu
10.A dry 6 storage chest is a wooden box with glass fiber insulation 5 in thick. The wooden box (k= 0.0398 2 ) is 2 in
Hr−ft −° F
thick and cubical 4ft on a edge. The inside surface temperature is 76 ° F and the outside surface temperature is 18 ° F .Use (k=
Btu
0.0202 2 ) for a glass fiber insulation. Determine the heat transmitted. .(area 96 ft 2).>(btu/hr)
Hr−ft −° F

(S.I. unit)
1.) Calculate the energy transfer rate across 6 in. wall of firebrick with a temperature difference across the wall of 50°C. Thethermal
Btu
conductivity of the firebrick is 0.65 at the temperature interest.
h r−ft−℉
W W W W
a.) 369.08 2 b.) 413.94 2 c.) 19.86 2 d.)267.09 2
m m m m
2.) Calculate the heat transfer per hour though a solid brick wall 6m long, 2.9m high and 225mm thick, when the outer surface is at
W
5°C and the inner surface 17°C, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the brick being 0.6 .
m−K
kJ kJ kJ kJ
a.) 2104.48 b.) 2114.48 c.) 2004.48 d.) 2000.48
hr hr hr hr
3.) Calculate the quantity of heat conducted per minute through a duralumin circular disc 127mm diameter and 19mm thick when
the temperature drop across the thickness of the plate is 5°C take the coefficient of thermal conductivity of duralumin as 150
W
.
m−K
kJ kJ kJ kJ
a.) 30 b.) 40 c.) 20 d.) 50
min min min min
4.) A cold storage compartment is 4.5m long by 4m wide by 2.5m high. The four walls, ceiling and floor are covered to a thickness of
W
150mm with insulating material which has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 5.8x10 -2 . Calculate the quantity of heat
m−K
leasing through the insulating per hour when the outside and inside face temperature of the materials is 15°C and -5°C respectively.
kJ kJ kJ kJ
a.) 2290.44 b.) 2185.44 c.) 3000 d.) 2000
hr hr hr hr
5.) A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1m and is made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 1cm. A heat source inside keeps
the inner surface 5.20°C hooter than the outside surface. How much power is produced by the heat source? The thermal
W
conductivity of polystyrene foam is 0.033 . A=4πR2
m−° C
a.) 230.64 Watts b.)225.64 Watts c.)205.64 Watts d.) 213.48 Watts
6.) A slab of material has an area of 2m 2 and 1mm thick. One side is maintained at a temperature of 0°C while the other is at 12°C. It
is determined that 6820 Joule of heat flows through the materials in a time of 10min. What is the thermal conductivity of the
material?
W W W W
a.) 4.74x10-4 b.) 5.74x10-4 c.) 4.74x10-5 d.) 4.74x10-3
m−℃ m−℃ m−℃ m−℃
W
7.) A pond is covered by a sheet of ice 2cm thick (K=1.68 ) the temperature of the lower surface of the ice is 0°C and that of
m−℃
the upper surface is -10°C. at what rate is heat conducted through each square meter of the ice?
a.) 840 W b.)830 W c.)940 W d.) 930 W
8.) What is the heat transfer in the glass surface area of 0.70m 2 having an inside temperature of 25°C and 13°C outside temperature
W
the thickness of the glass surface as 0.007m. The thermal conductivity is 1.8 .
m−° K
a.) 3.16 kW b.)4.16 kW c.)2.16 kW d.) 1.16kW
9.) A 30cm thick wall has an inside and outside surface temperature of 50°C and 300°C respectively. If the thermal conductivity of
W kW
the wall is 8 calculate the heat transferred in 2 .
m−° K m
kW kW kW kW
a.) 8.67 2 b.) 7.67 2 c.) 5.67 2 d.) 6.67
m m m m2
10.) Find the thermal conductivity of the 500mm thick material with an area of 10000cm 2and a temperature difference of 10°K if the
heat transmitted during 2hrs. test is 2000kJ.
W W W W
a.) 13.89 b.) 14.89 c.)15.89 d.) 16.89
m−° K m−° K m−° K m−° K

CONDUCTION FROM FLUID TO FLUID THROUGH WALL

2.Hot gasses at 180°C on one side of a metal plate of 10 in thickness and air at 25°F on the other side. The heat transfer coefficient of
the gasses is 31.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°F and that of the air 32 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. Calculate the overall transfer coefficient. k= 50 Btu/ft.-°F.

3.A cubical tank of 2 ft. sides is constructed of metal plate 6 in and contains water at 75°F. The surrounding temperature is 16°F.
Calculate the overall transfer coefficient from water to air. Take the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the metal as 48 Btu/ft.-°F,
the coefficient of heat transfer of water is 2.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°F and the coefficient of heat transfer of the air is 1.6 Btu/hr-ft 2-°F.

4. A composite wall is made up of an external thickness of brickwork 20 in thick inside which is a layer of fiber glass 8 in thick. The
fiber glass is faced internally by an insulating board 3 in thick. The coefficient of thermal conductivity for the three are as follows:
Brickwork 1.5 Btu/ft.-°R
Fiber glass 0.04 Btu/ft.-°R
Insulating board 0.06 Btu/ft.-°R
The surface transfer coefficient of the inside wall is 3.1 Btu/hr-ft 2-°R while that of the outside wall is 2.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°R. Take the
internal ambient temperature as 10°F and the external temperature is 27°F. Determine the heat loss through such wall 6 ft. high and
10 ft. long.

5.Hot gasses at 80°F on one side of a metal plate of 5 in thickness and air at 25°F on the other side. The heat transfer coefficient of
the gasses is 31.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°R and that of the air 32 Btu/hr-ft2-°R. Calculate the heat loss through metal plate 6 ft. high and 10 ft.
long. k= 60 Btu/ft.-°R.

6.A composite wall is made up of an external thickness of brick wall 10 in thick inside which is a layer of fiber glass 7 in thick. The
fiber glass is faced internally by an insulating board 4 in thick. The coefficient of thermal conductivity for the three are as follows:
Brick wall 2.5 Btu/ft.-°R
Fiber glass 0.05 Btu/ft.-°R
Insulating board 0.08 Btu/ft.-°R
The surface transfer coefficients of the inside wall is 4.1 Btu/hr-ft 2-°R while that of the outside wall is 3.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. Take the
internal ambient temperature as 50°F and the external temperature is 80.6°F. Determine the heat loss through such wall 7 ft.high
and 11 ft. long.

7. A cubical tank of 6 ft. sides is constructed of metal plate 5 in thick and contains water at 167°F. The surrounding air temperature is
60.8°F. Calculate the heat loss, take the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the metal as 60 Btu/ft.-°F, the coefficient of heat
transfer of water is 3.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°F and the coefficient of heat transfer of the air is 2.6 Btu/hr-ft 2-°F.

8.Determine the heat loss of a heat exchanger in Btu/hr-ft 2. The heat exchanger is constructed of metal wall 6 in thick between the
hot gas and the cold gas. The heat exchanger is designed by the following specification:
Hot gas temperature 2093°F
Cold gas temperature 113°F
Unit surface conductance on the hot side 330 Btu/hr-ft2-°F
Unit surface conductance on the cold side 390 Btu/hr-ft2-°F
Thermal conductivity of the metal wall 215 Btu/ft.-°F

9.A metal wall has a hot temperature of 572°F and surface conductance on hot side is 472 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. If heat transmitted is 2000
Btu/hr-ft2, what is the surface temperature on the wall at hot side?

10.Hot gasses at 90°F on one side of a metal plate of 10 in thickness and air at 20°F on the other side. The heat transfer coefficient of
the gasses is 21.5 Btu/hr-ft2-°F and that of the air 22 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. Calculate the overall transfer coefficient. k= 40 Btu/ft.-°F.