IWK/CORP/OSH/SOP/

CORPORATE HEALTH & SAFETY Doc. No.

PART 2/REV-00
Page No. 1 of 11
STANDARD OPERATION
PROCEDURE (SOP) Effective
1 July 2018
Date

PART 2: FIRST AID

1. OBJECTIVE

To provide the arrangement for the first aiders and first aid box requirement in the company.

2. PROCEDURE

2.1 Specific Definition.

First-aid in the workplace includes the provision of first-aid facilities, services and personnel
required for the initial treatment of persons suffering from the injury or ilness at a workplace. It
is the immediate treatment or care given to a victim of an accident or sudden illness before
qualified health personnel attend to provide treatment. The aims of first-aid are to:-

a) Preserve life;

b) Prevent illness or injury from becoming worse;

c) Reduce pain;

d) Promote recovery;

e) Care of unconscious.

First-aider means a person who has successfully completed a first-aid course and has been
awarded with a certificate of proficiency in first-aid by an institution listed in Appendix A.

Universal Precautions means a set of precautions designated to prevent transmission of

blood-borne pathogens when providing first-aid or health care.

2.2 First Aid Requirement

The Head Of Department is required to:

a) Determine the number of first-aiders, appoint and train the designated first-aiders.

b) Ensure first-aid box is provided and maintained.

c) Provide employees with information of the first-aid box location, the names and work
locations of the trained first-aiders and the relevant first-aid procedure.

2.3 First-Aiders

2.3.1 Number of First-Aiders

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a) Numbers of First-aiders required for a workplace shall be determined based on

the following:-

Number of workers based

Number of First-Aider
at a location
< 15 Not required except for high/medium risk
activities whereby 1 first-aider is required.

Number of workers based

Number of First-Aider
at a location
15 - 75 1
76 – 150 2
Every 150 or part thereof 2

b) Generally, office environment is associated with low hazards while lab and
operational activities are of medium risk hazards.

2.3.2 Selection of First-aider.

The management shall from time to time, select suitable employee to attend first-aid
training and subsequently to appoint the employee as the first-aider. They should
consider persons with the following qualities to be trained in firts-aid:

a) Physical fit and reliable;

b) Free from blood borne infectious diseases, example Hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS;

c) Free to leave their work immediately to respond to an emergency;

d) Have a good standard of personal hygience.

2.3.3 Duty of First-Aider

a) Management of Casualty.

In the management of an injured worker or ill workers, firt-aiders should;

i) Give immediate first-aid treatment, keeping in mind that a casualty may

have more serius injuries and illness; and

ii) Arrange without delay for the injured worker(s) to be sent to a doctor or
hospital according to the seriousness of this condition.

iii) Apply the principle of Universal Precautions (Appendix B) while

delivering the responsibility to protect the first-aiders from acquiring
blood borne pathogene.g. Hepatitis B and HIV. This first-aider’s
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responsibility ends when the casualties are handed over to the care of
health care personnel.

b) Record the treatment given on the Treatment Record Form (Appendix C) and to
keep this record for a period of five (5) years.

2.4 First-Aid Box

2.4.1 First-aid boxes should be made of sturdy material and be portable so that it can be
taken to the site of an accident. The boxes should also be clearly marked.

2.4.2 Location.

All employees should be informed of the location of first-aid boxes. First-aid box
should be available at:

a) Head office (each department), Unit Offices, Laboratory, or other separate

individual place of work such as Reporting Centre. Refer to Appendix D for the
number of first-aid box required in a workplace. The first-aid box should be
placed in a clearly identifiable, well-illuminated and accessible location.

b) One first-aid box should be placed in each operation and maintenance vehicle.

2.4.3 Contents

First-aid boxes should contain a sufficient quality of suitable first-aid materials. They
should not contain oral medication of any kind other than those required for
first-aid treatment.

Materials used should be replaced as soon as possible. Recommended contents of a

first-aid box are listed in Appendix D.

2.4.4 The First-aider or person in-charge for the first-aid box should ensure that only first-
aid material is kept inside the box. He/she should check them periodically and ensure
the contents of the box are regularly replenished.

2.5 First-Aid Signage

The signage of First-aiders names and their contact number as well as the nearest first-aid
box location shall be display in a prominent place at the office or work site (except for IWK
operational vehicle).
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2.6 Training

2.6.1 Recognized Course

All first-aiders shall attend a course on first-aid conducted by institutions recognized

by DOSH as listed Appendix A. The course should have contents as listed in
Appendix E.

2.6.2 Refresher Training

Firts-aiders need to undergo a recognized course once every three (3) years. The
training record to be updated and kept for future reference for at least 7 years.

2.7 Special First-Aid requirements

2.7.1 First-aiders should wash their hands or any other surfaces of their body splashed
with blood or other body fluid as soon as possible with soap and water.
Contaminated surfaces should be cleaned and disinfected.

2.7.2 In any workplace where a chemical hazardous to health is used, the current
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for that chemical shall be kept in a conspicuous place
close to each location where that chemical is used. The first-aiders should receive
special training on how to provide early management in case of chemical poisoning.

2.7.3 Universal Precaution should be exercised when there is a possibility of coming in

contact with blood or body fluid.

2.8 Document Berkaitan:-

a) Department of Occupational Safety and Health (2004), Guidelines on First-Aid in

The Workplace.

3. APPENDIX

3.1 Appendix A: Institutions recognized by the DOSH for providing training on First-aid in the
workplace.

3.2 Appendix B: Universal Precautions

3.3 Appendix C: Treatment Record Form

3.4 Appendix D: First-aid box content and number of first-aid box required in a workplace

3.5 Appendix E: Course Content for the First-aid training

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APPENDIX A

INSTITUTIONS RECOGNIZED BY THE DEPARRMENTAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND

HEALTH (DOSH), MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE, MALAYSIA FOR PROVIDING TRAINING ON
FIRST-AID IN THE WORKPLACE

Organizations

a) Institutions under Ministry of Health

b) Hospitals under Ministry of Education

c) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

d) Malaysian Society for Traumatology and Emergency Medicine (MASTEM)

e) Malaysian Red Crescent Society

f) St. John’s Ambulance, Malaysia

g) Any organization with qualified first-aid trainers who were trained by any of the above institutions and
approved by Director General of DOSH
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APPENDIX B

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

Universal Precautions is a set of precautions designated to prevent transmission of HIV, Hepatitis B virus
(HBV) and other blood borne pathogens when providing first-aid or health care. Under universal
precautions, blood and certain body fluids of all patients are considered potentially infections for HIV,
HBV and other blood borne pathogens.

Universal precautions may include the following practices:

a) Wear gloves whenever there is a possibility of coming in contact with blood or other potentially
infectious materials (body fluids and tissues).

b) Wear face mask and eye protection whenever there is a possibility of blood splashing into the first-
aid’s face.

c) Wear protective suits, gowns or aprons whenever there is a possibility of blood splashing onto the
first-aider.

d) Wash hands and other skin surfaces.

e) Use proper disposal containers.

f) Use protective resuscitation masks for CPR.

g) Do not eat, drink, apply cosmetics or lip balm, smoke or handle contact lenses where exposure may
occur.
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APPENDIX C

TREATMENT RECORD FORM

Treatment record given by first-aider or any person in-charge (PIC)

Department / Unit: ___________________________________

Name Brief explanation

Section Date Brief explanation on Name
(person who receive on first-aid
accident/incident (First-Aider)
the treatment) services rendered*

*Please attach the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) if chemical is involved.

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APPENDIX D

FIRST AID BOX CONTENT

(Based On Dosh Guidelines on First in the Workplace 2nd Edition)
Box B Box C
Box A
(up to 10 persons (up to 11 – 50 persons
No Item (for operational
based in the based in the workplace
vehicle)
workplace at a time) at a time)
1 Triangular bandages
1 2 5
130cm x 90cm x 90cm
2 Non-sterile 4 x 4” gauze pads 1 packet 2 packet 3 packet
3 Sterile 10 x 10” gauze pads 1 packet 2 packet 3 packet
4 Elastic bandages 1 2 3
5 Roller bandages 7.5cm 1 2 3
6 Roller bandages 3cm 1 2 3
7 Burn sheet/dressing - 2 3
8 Pairs of gloves
2 2 2
(disposal/non sterile)
9 Stainless steel bandages scissors 1 1 1
10 Adhesive tape 1 1 1
11 Sterile multi-trauma dressing/gauze - 3 5
12 Alcohol prep pads 6 pcs 8 pcs 10 pcs
13 Cetavlon / Acriflavine 1 1 1
14 Cotton buds 12 pcs 12 pcs 24 pcs
15 Barrier device for CPR (pocket
- 1 1
mask, face shield)
16 Elastoplasts / sterile adhesive
12 pcs 12 pcs 24 pcs
dressing
17 Safety pin for triangular bandages 2 4 4
18 First aid manual 1 1 1
19 Waterproof waste bag 1 1 1
20 Inventory of box contents (checklist) 1 1 1
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NUMBER OF FIRST-AID BOX REQUIRED IN A WORKPLACE

No of employees No of first-aid box

Each O&M vehicle 1 Box A
Less 10 persons (based in the workplace at a time) 1 Box B
11 – 50 persons (based in the workplace at a time) – every 50 1 Box C
Every 100 2 Box C

Note: Depending on employee number a combination of Box B and C can be provided

e.g. if 60 persons, the number of first-aid box is 1 Box B and 1 Box C.
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APPENDIX E

COURSE CONTENT FOR FIRST-AIDER

First-aid training shall be conducted using the conventional methods of training such as lecture,
demonstration, practical exercise and examination (both written and practical). The length of training must
be sufficient to ensure that trainees understand the concepts of first-aid and can be demonstrate their
ability to perform the various procedures contained in the outline below.

At a minimum, first-aid training shall consist of the following:-

1. Part One – Basic Life Support

a) Chain of Survivals
b) Common cause of Death
c) Introduction to Cardiovascular
d) Introduction to Respiratory System
e) Coronary Heart Diseases and Risk Factors
f) Cardiopulmonary (CPR Technique’s) – DR. ABC
g) Practical session:-
i. Adult one rescuer CPR technique
ii. Adult two rescuer CPR technique
iii. Airway Obstruction – Conscious (Heimlich Manoeuvre)
iv. Airway Obstruction – Become unconscious
v. Airway Obstruction – Found Unconscious Victim
vi. Care of unconscious victim (recovery Position)
h) Assessment on Theory and Practical

2. Part Two – First-Aid /Basic Trauma Life Support

a) Introduction to First-aid – Definition and requirements
b) Introduction to basic anatomy:-
i. Musculosketal system
ii. Central nervous system
c) Introduction to Basic Emergency Principles (DR. ABC)
d) Patient Assessment
Rapid victim assessment (head to toe)
Identifying life treating conditions – shock, chest injury, internal injuries, chest injury etc
Managing injuries based on priority
Communication to the health care provider
e) Management of Spinal Injury
i. Identifying spinal injuries
ii. Care of the injured victim
iii. Immobilisation and transportation

f) Management of Medical Shock

i. Type of shock
ii. Identifying shock (sign and symptom) -Treating shock
g) Management of Fracture (including amputation)
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i. Identifying fracture (sign and symptom)

ii. Type of fracture (closed and open)
iii. Immobilisation of fracture (upper limb, lower limb and extremities)
h) Management of wound
i. Type of wound
ii. Treating the wound (first-aid)
i) Practical session:-
i. Patient assessment
ii. Spinal care and transportation
iii. Immobilisation of fracture
iv. Wound management (bandaging, etc)
v. Managing multiple injury (exercise/simulation drill)
j) Assessment on Theory and Practical

First-aid training may also contain the following (optional):

This should take into consideration the specific industrial needs;
Other injuries:
a) Burn and scald – fire, hot water, chemical, etc.
b) Heat related disorder – heat stroke, hypothermia, etc.
c) Ear, nose and throat injuries – eye injury (chemical), bleeding from nose, etc.
d) Sport injuries – sprain / strain.
e) Sting and bites – insect bites, allergic, etc.
f) Chemical contact – inhalation, absorption, ingestion, exposure, etc.