Engineering

Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

Abstract

This inspection standard covers standard tolerances for dimensions, form, position and runout of
machined features when no tolerances are shown on the drawing.

Foreword

DO NOT USE THIS STANDARD FOR NEW DRAWINGS. THIS STANDARD IS BEING
MAINTAINED FOR INSPECTION AND MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES ON EXISTING
TOOLING, GAGES AND DRAWINGS. HOWEVER, THE CONTENTS OF THIS
DOCUMENT MAY STILL BE USED AS REFERENCE IN THE DESIGN PROCESS.

If existing tooling and gages are to be used on new designs and drawings, all tolerances spelled out
in CES 16088 that are not in subsequent Inspection Standards or Manufacturing Processes must be
included on the drawing, and the tolerances in the new applicable standards referenced on the
drawing shall not conflict with the existing tolerances. CAUTION should be used when using
existing tooling as all dimensions and tolerances must be reviewed and included on the drawing
that have been removed from any Inspection Standard or Manufacturing Process referenced on the
drawing.

All new drawings shall have all machined Dimensioning and Tolerancing and/or Geometric
Tolerancing specified on the face of the drawing.

Engineering Drafting information on this process now resides in Cummins Drawing practice
CES 99015 for all new drawings.

Applicable Documents For All New Drawings

a. ASME Y14.5M-1994, Dimensioning and Tolerancing

b. CES 18095, Items, Fabricated, Corporate Manufacturing Specification (Feature)
c. CES 99014, Practice, Dimensioning & Tolerancing (Drawing Practice)
d. CES 99015, Guidelines, Engineering Drafting Detailing (Drawing Practice)
e. CES 99074, Geometric Product Specification Templates

Current Release Number Std. Revision Level

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

Table of Contents

Heading Page Number

Abstract .....................................................................................................................................1
Foreword ...................................................................................................................................1
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................2
1. Scope....................................................................................................................................3
2. Applicable Documents.........................................................................................................3
3. Definitions............................................................................................................................3
4. Specifications.......................................................................................................................3
4.1. Significance and Use ...................................................................................................3
5. Holes ....................................................................................................................................3
5.1. Drilled Holes................................................................................................................3
Table 1: Drilled Holes-Bolt Clearance and General Purpose ..............................................5
5.2. Reamed Holes ..............................................................................................................5
5.3. Punched Holes .............................................................................................................5
5.4. Countersinks ................................................................................................................6
5.5. Spotface .......................................................................................................................6
6. Keyseats ...............................................................................................................................7
6.1. Location .......................................................................................................................7
6.2. Parallelism of Sides .....................................................................................................7
6.3. Corner Radii.................................................................................................................7
7. Fillets....................................................................................................................................7
8. Machined Parts.....................................................................................................................8
8.1. Position of Concentric Diameters ................................................................................8
9. Angular Tolerances..............................................................................................................8
9.1. Perpendicular Surfaces ................................................................................................8
9.2. Angular Dimensions ....................................................................................................8
10. Flatness Tolerances..............................................................................................................9
10.1. Gasketed Surfaces-Machined .....................................................................................9
10.2. Gasketed Surfaces-Unmachined Fabricated Parts ......................................................9
10.3. Other Machined Surfaces............................................................................................9
10.4. Location of Drilled Holes ...........................................................................................9
Appendix A: Fillets..................................................................................................................10
Figure A1: Chamfers Permitted For Fillet Callout ............................................................10

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

1. Scope
This inspection standard covers standard tolerances for dimensions, form, position and runout of
machined features when no tolerances are shown on the drawing.

2. Applicable Documents
Applicable documents listed below may be obtained from the respective organizations listed in
CES 10054, Standards Organizations Addresses.

a. ASME B1.1, Unified Inch Screw Threads, (UN and UNR Thread Form)
b. ASME B1.13M, Metric Screw Threads-M Profile
c. ASME B1.20.3, Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)
d. ASME B17.1, Keys and Keyseats
e. CES 10054, Standards Organizations Addresses
f. CES 10056, Glossary
g. CES 18095, Items, Fabricated
h. CES 18161, Thread, Pipe

3. Definitions
There are no unique definitions in this standard. Terms used in this standard that have a general
definition for usage in Cummins Engineering Standards are defined in CES 10056, Glossary.

4. Specifications
4.1. Significance and Use

This specification covers standard tolerances for machined features which are not covered on the
drawing.

5. Holes
5.1. Drilled Holes

The following sections specify the general tolerances for diameter and location, of the various
types of drilled holes.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

5.1.1. Drilled Holes-Straight Thread

The diameter of drilled holes for straight threads shall be controlled by the proper selection of tap
drills and drilling methods to yield holes with minor diameters within the limits
specified in ASME B1.1 for inch threads, and ASME B1.13M for metric threads.

5.1.2. Drilled Holes-Tapered Thread

The diameter of drilled holes for tapered threads shall be controlled by proper selection of tap drills
and reamers to yield holes with minor diameters within the limits specified in ASME B1.20.3.
Suggested tap drill sizes for tapered threads are also listed in CES 18161.

5.1.3. Drilled Holes-Bolt Clearance and General Purpose

5.1.3.1. Unless otherwise specified, the diameter tolerances of bolt clearance and general
purpose holes shall be in accordance with Table 1: Drilled Holes-Bolt Clearance and General
Purpose on page 5. General purpose holes are those holes used as passageways for liquids or gases,
weight reduction, and non-specific clearance.

5.1.3.2. The hole tolerances of Table 1: Drilled Holes-Bolt Clearance and General Purpose on
page 5, shall not to be used for tapped holes (For tapped holes refer to appropriate ASME
Standards.)

5.1.4. Drilled Holes-Dual Purpose

Drilled holes which have a dual purpose, such as drilled oil holes which have tapped openings for
insertion of a plug or fitting, will be toleranced in accordance with each individual feature of the
hole.

5.1.5. Inspection of Drilled Hole Diameters

For the purpose of inspecting drilled holes, plug gage diameters shall be determined by rounding
off the nominal drill diameter to the nearest 0.01 mm (.0005 inch), and the plug gage size used shall
be based on this rounded diameter, using the appropriate gagemaker's tolerance.

5.1.6. Position of Drilled Holes

Location tolerances on a drilled hole, or group of drilled holes specified on a centerline as equally
spaced or in bolt circles, are to be within 0.76 mm (.03 inch) True Position Diameter.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

Table 1: Drilled Holes-Bolt Clearance and General Purpose

Hole Tolerance
Hole Diameter
Minus Plus

0.4 mm-1.0 mm incl. (1/64 inch-1/32 inch incl., 0.013 mm 0.08 mm

No. 80 drill to No. 60 drill incl.) (.0005 inch) (.003 inch)
Over 1.0 mm-3.4 mm incl. (3/64 inch-1/8 inch 0.03 mm 0.13 mm
incl., No. 59 drill to No. 30 drill incl.) (.001 inch) (.005 inch)
Over 3.4 mm-6.6 mm incl. (9/64 inch-1/4 inch 0.03 mm 0.15 mm
incl., No. 29 drill to No. 1A to No. 1E incl.) (.001 inch) (.006 inch)
Over 6.6 mm-11.3 mm incl. (17/64 inch-7/16 inch 0.05 mm 0.18 mm
incl, No. 1F drill to No. 1Z drill incl.) (.002 inch) (.007 inch)
11.3 mm-19.3 mm incl. (29/64 inch-3/4 inch 0.05 mm 0.23 mm
incl.) (.002 inch) (.009 inch)
19.3 mm-25.4 mm incl. (49/64 inch-1 inch incl.) 0.08 mm 0.25 mm
(.003 inch) (.010 inch)
Greater than 25.4 mm (1 inch) 0.13 mm 0.61 mm
(.005 inch) (.024 inch)

5.2. Reamed Holes

All size and position tolerances for reamed holes are to be specified on the drawing. For drawings
with reamed holes that have no position tolerance, the tolerance shall be 0.13 mm, (.005 inch) True
Position Diameter.

5.3. Punched Holes

5.3.1. Punched hole size tolerances shall be in accordance with CES 18095.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

5.3.2. Round Punched Hole Diameter Tolerance

Diameter tolerance for round punched holes shall be in accordance with CES 18095.

5.3.3. Slotted (Rectangular) Punched Holes

Dimensional tolerances for slotted (rectangular) punched holes shall be in accordance with
CES 18095.

5.3.4. Position of Punched Holes from a Datum or within a Pattern.

Punched holes location tolerance shall be in accordance with CES 18095.

5.4. Countersinks

Unless otherwise specified on the engineering drawing, all tapped holes shall be machined to
produce a 90 degree included angle countersink.

5.4.1. Countersink Tolerance for Unspecified Diameters

Drawings which do not specify countersink size shall have the following tolerance applied:

Metric: Tap size +0.75 mm with a tolerance of +1.75 mm to -0.5 mm.

Inch: Tap size +.030 inch with a tolerance of +.065 inch to -.020 inch.

5.4.2. Countersink Tolerances for Specified Diameters

Drawings which only specify the diameter for the countersink shall have the following tolerance
applied to the countersink diameter:

Metric: +1.75 mm to -0.5 mm

Inch: +.065 inch to -.020 inch

5.5. Spotface

5.5.1. Depth Tolerance

The depth of the spotface may or may not be specified on the drawing. If the depth is
unspecified, the depth shall be sufficient to clean up at least 90 percent of the surface.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

5.5.2. Diametral Tolerance

If no diametral tolerance is specified for the spotface on the drawing, the following tolerance
shall be applied:

Metric: ± 1.0 mm
Inch: ± .040 inch

6. Keyseats
All dimensional tolerances for keyseats are specified in ASME B17.1 except for location,
parallelism of sides and corner radii.

6.1. Location

A keyseat shall be on its specified centerline within 0.15 mm, (.006 inch), regardless of feature size,
(RFS).
6.2. Parallelism of Sides

Keyseat sides shall be parallel to its specified centerline within 0.025 mm (.001 inch).

6.3. Corner Radii

Keyseat corner radii shall be 0.25 mm (.010 inch) maximum.

7. Fillets
When a chamfer is a permissible option for a fillet radius which is called out on an engineering
drawing, such as the callout: .050-.070R (.020-.040 X 45 degree chamfer optional), then any
contour that falls within the zone defined by the limits of the radius is acceptable, see Figure A1:
Chamfers Permitted For Fillet Callout on page 10.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

8. Machined Parts
a. Fractional and decimal dimensions on machine parts are to have a tolerance of ±0.25 mm
(±.01inch).
b. Tolerances on fractional and decimal dimensions of ±0.25 mm (±.01 inch) shall in no
instance be allowed to accumulate.
c. Areas designated for copper plating or hardening are to have a position tolerance of
±1.6 mm (±1/16 inch).
d. All decimal dimensions shall be considered to be followed by an infinite number of zeros,
with no rounding off allowed. Inspection shall be a measurement to one zero beyond the
decimal dimension.
Example:

Drawing Dimension Interpretation of Dimension

.499-.501 .5010 maximum

.4990 minimum

8.1. Position of Concentric Diameters

Position of concentric machined diameters shall be no greater than allowed by the wall thickness
based on the tolerances of the diameters. Position of machined diameters of shafting shall not
exceed one half (1/2), of the individual diametral tolerance.

9. Angular Tolerances
9.1. Perpendicular Surfaces

Machined surfaces shown at right angles to each other on drawings shall be perpendicular within
0.001mm/mm,(.001 inch/inch) for planed, milled, and screw machine products.

9.2. Angular Dimensions

Deviations from the nominal on all angular dimensions, with the exception of holes on bolt circles,
may be ±0.5 degree.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

10. Flatness Tolerances

In the absence of a specified flatness tolerance per part drawing, the following tolerances are to be
observed:

10.1. Gasketed Surfaces-Machined

Machined gasketed surfaces shall be in accordance with the following:

0.001 mm/mm (.001 inch/inch), 0.15 mm (.006 inch) total, not to exceed 0.076 mm (.003 inch)
between adjacent capscrew holes.

10.2. Gasketed Surfaces-Unmachined Fabricated Parts

The same as for machined except parts should be clamped to a surface plate to remove bow and
warp prior to the inspection for flatness. Clamp load should be applied at the capscrew locations
and must not exceed 25% of specified torque when the part is assembled to sub-assembly or engine
using the same fastener as the assembly dictates.

10.3. Other Machined Surfaces

10.3.1. Flatness tolerance for other machined surfaces shall be in accordance with the
following:

10.3.2. 0.002 mm/mm (.002 inch/inch), 0.25 mm (.010 inch) total.

10.4. Location of Drilled Holes

(In relationship with the location of cast smooth and flat area)

After holes have been drilled, the acceptable size of the cast smooth and flat areas on iron and
aluminum cast parts are permitted to be 1.5 mm (.060 inch) maximum, less than the dimension
specified on the drawing when checked from the drilled hole centerline.

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 Engineering
Standards
Engineering Standard Number
Name TOLERANCES,DIMENSIONING

INSPECTION SPECIFICATION 16088

Identifier
(CHARACTERISTICS)

Appendix A: Fillets

Figure A1: Chamfers Permitted For Fillet Callout

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