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Practice 10301 Ans

1. The document discusses concepts related to changes of state including heat, gases, energy, temperature, specific heat, latent heat of fusion and vaporization. 2. Several examples are provided to calculate energy changes, mass amounts, and final temperatures involved in phase changes between solid, liquid and gas states. 3. Key values include the specific heat of water (4200 J/kg°C), latent heat of fusion of ice (3.34×105 J/kg), and latent heat of vaporization of water (2.26×106 J/kg).

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4C 32 WONG SHU HANG
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62 views

Practice 10301 Ans

1. The document discusses concepts related to changes of state including heat, gases, energy, temperature, specific heat, latent heat of fusion and vaporization. 2. Several examples are provided to calculate energy changes, mass amounts, and final temperatures involved in phase changes between solid, liquid and gas states. 3. Key values include the specific heat of water (4200 J/kg°C), latent heat of fusion of ice (3.34×105 J/kg), and latent heat of vaporization of water (2.26×106 J/kg).

Uploaded by

4C 32 WONG SHU HANG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1 Heat and Gases Chapter 3 Change of State

Practice 3.1 (p.77) Energy lost by steam


1 C = energy taken up by water
2 A mslv = mwcw Tw
3 A m  2.26  106 = (1 – m) 4200  (100 – 0)
Energy provided by the heater m = 0.157 kg
= Pt = 1000  (10  60) = 600 000 J The amount of steam needed is 0.157 kg.
Energy for heating up the water to 100 C The amount of water needed = 1 – 0.157
= mcT = 0.843 kg
= 0.5  4200  (100  20) 10 (a) Let T be the final temperature.
= 168 000 J Energy lost by the coke
By Q = ml, = energy gained by ice
Maximum amount of water boiled away mccc Tc = milf + mwcw Tw

= = = 0.191 kg 0.3  5300  (25  T)


= 0.1  3.34  105 + 0.1  4200  T
4 A T = 3.16 C
5 B The final temperature is 3.16 C.
6 (a) 65 C (b) Assume no energy is lost to the
(b) The statement is incorrect. surroundings.
The substance changes its state during (c) The measured value would be higher.
period BC. At this period, the substance This is because some energy is gained
releases energy without a temperature from the surrounding.
change. 11 (a) Energy lost by juice
7 (a) Energy required = energy gained by ice
= mlf = 10  3.34  10 = 3.34  10 J
8 5 13
mjcj Tj = milf + mwcw Tw
(b) Energy required 0.3  cj  38 = 0.1(3.34  105) +
= mlf + mcT 0.1(4200)(68  38)
= 3.34  10 + 10  4200  (4 – 0)
13 8
cj = 4040 J kg–1 °C–1
= 3.51  1013 J The specific heat capacity of the juice is
8 Energy needed 4040 J kg–1 °C–1.
= mcT  mlv (b) mjcj Tj = milf + mwcw Tw
= 0.2  4200  (100  10)  0.2  2.26  10 6
0.3(4040)(68  15) = m (3.34  105) +
= 5.28  105 J m (4200)15
By Q = Pt, m = 0.162 kg
t= = = 440 s (= 7.33 min) 0.162 kg of ice is needed.

9 Let m be the amount of steam needed. 12 (a) Energy for heating the water to steam
Amount of water needed = 1 – m = mlv

New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition) 1


 Oxford University Press 2015
1 Heat and Gases Chapter 3 Change of State

= 0.3  2.26  106 (b) The result in (a) is smaller than the
= 678 000 J standard value.
Power of the steamer = (c) The mixture absorbs energy from the
surroundings. This makes the final
= temperature T of the mixture higher.
lf =
= 2260 W
(b) The molecular KE remains unchanged
and the molecular PE increases. =1.26  106  (6.72  104)T
13 Consider 0.3 kg of water at 50 C being mixed  T   lf 
with 0.2 kg ice at 0 C.  The value obtained in the experiment
Energy absorbed when all the ice melts is smaller than the accepted value.
= mlf = 0.2  3.34  105 = 6.68  104 J 16 (a) None
This can cool down 0.3 kg of hot water by (b) c
53.0 C. However, since (c) c
(d) lf
the initial temperature of the hot water is 50 (e) lf
C, the result will be ice-water mixture at 0 (f) lv, lf, c
C. (g) lv, lf, c
On the other hand, the hot water cooled by the (h) None
0-C water bath must have a final temperature (i) lf
higher than 0 C. Therefore, the ice can cool
the hot water to a lower temperature.
14 Energy lost by water = energy gained by ice
mwcw Tw = milf + mici Ti
0.25(4200)(80  0) = mi (3.34  105) +
mi (2060)[0  (4)]
mi = 0.245 kg (= 245 g)
The mass of ice needed is 0.245 kg.
15 (a) Energy lost by water
= energy gained by ice
mwcw Tw = milf + mwcw Tw
0.3(4200)(20  14) = 0.02lf + 0.02(4200)14
lf = 3.19  105 J kg1
The specific latent heat of fusion of ice
is 3.19  105 J kg–1.

2 New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition)


 Oxford University Press 2015

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