Top 50 Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 - Edureka
Top 50 Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 - Edureka
Archana Choudary
Testing is crucial to the success of any software product in this competitive world. Manual tests play a pivotal role in software
development and come in handy whenever you have a case where you cannot use automated tests. Hence, there is still a lot of
demand for people with skills relevant to manual testing. This Manual Testing Interview Questions article is the perfect guide for
you to master software testing.
Let’s begin by taking a look at the most frequently asked Manual Testing Interview Questions.
It points out the defects and errors that were made during the development phases.
Reduces the coding cycles by identifying issues at the initial stage of the development.
Ensures that software application requires lower maintenance cost and results in more accurate, consistent and reliable
results.
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Testing ensures that the customer finds the organization reliable and their satisfaction in the application is maintained.
Makes sure that software is bug-free and the quality of the Sign
product meets the market standard.
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Ensures that the application doesn’t result in any failures.
Q4. What are the two main categories of software testing?
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Software testing is a huge domain but it can be broadly categorized into two areas such as :
Alreadymanually
Manual Testing – This is the oldest type of software testing where the testers have an account?
executeSign
testin.cases without using
any test automation tools. It means the software application is tested manually by QA testers.
Automation Testing – This is the process of using the assistance of tools, scripts, and software to perform test cases by
repeating pre-defined actions. Test Automation focuses on replacing manual human activity with systems or devices that
enhance efficiency.
Explore Curriculum
Unit testing – It is a way of testing the smallest piece of code referred to as a unit that can be logically isolated in a system.
It is mainly focused on the functional correctness of the standalone module.
TopIntegration Testing
50 Manual Testing – It is Questions
Interview a level of you
software testing
Need to know where
In 2022individual units are combined and tested to verify if they are
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working as they intend to when integrated. The main aim here is to test the interface between the modules.
System Testing – In system testing all the components of the software are tested as a whole in order to ensure that the
overall product meets the requirements specified. There are dozens of types of system testing, including usability testing,
regression testing, and functional testing.
User Acceptance
Whatsapp Testing – The final level, acceptance testing, Twitter
Linkedin or UAT (user acceptance testing),
Facebook determines whether or not the
Reddit
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The testbed is an environment configured for testing. It is an environment used for testing an application, including the hardware
as well as any software needed to run the program to be tested. It consists of hardware, software, network configuration, an
application under test, other related software.
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Q10. Explain the procedure for manual testing?
The manual testing process comprises the following steps: Sign up with Google
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section below.
Test cases describe a specific idea that is to be tested, without detailing the exact steps to be taken or data to be used. For
example, in a test case, you document something like ‘Test if coupons can be applied on actual price‘.
APILink
Copy testing is performed at the most critical layer of software architecture, the Business Layer.
Q13. What’s the difference between verification and validation in testing?
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Verification Validation
It is a static analysis technique. Here, testing is done without It is a dynamic analysis technique where testing is done by
executing the code. Examples include – Reviews, Inspection,
and walkthrough.
executing the code. Examples include functional and non-
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functional personalized
testing recommendations.
techniques.
×
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Q14. What’s the difference between a bug and a defect?
A bug is a just fault in the software that’s detected during testing time. A defect is a variance between expected results and actual
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results, detected by the developer after the product goes live.
Q15.What are the advantages of manual testing? Already have an account? Sign in.
Merits of manual testing are:
Documenting the test cases will facilitate you to estimate the testing effort you will need along with test
coverage and tracking and tracing requirement. Some commonly applied documentation artifacts associated with software
testing are:
1. Test Plan
2. Test Scenario
3. Test Case
4. Traceability Matrix
Top 50 Manual Testing Interview Questions you Need to know In 2022
e! With this, we have completed basic questions based on manual testing. In the next part of this Manual Testing Interview
edureka.co
Questions article, let’s discuss advanced level questions related to manual testing.
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In manual testing, the accuracy, and reliability of test cases are Automated testing, on the other hand, is more reliable as tools
low, as manual tests are more prone to human error. and scripts are used to perform tests.
The time required for manual testing is high as human The time required is comparatively low as software tool
resources perform all the tasks. execute the tests
In manual testing investment cost is low, but Return of In automation testing investment cost and Return of
Investment(ROI) is low as well. Investment, both are high.
Manual testing is preferred when the test cases are run once You can use test automation for Regression Testing,
or twice. Also suitable for Exploratory, Usability and Adhoc Performance Testing, Load Testing or highly repeatable
Testing. functional test cases
Q19. When should you opt for manual testing over automation testing?
There are a lot of cases when manual testing is best suited over automation testing, like:
Short-time projects: Automated tests are aimed at saving time and resources yet it takes time and resources to design and
maintain them. For example, if you are building a small promotional website, it can be much more efficient to rely on
manual testing.
Ad-hoc Testing: In ad-hoc testing, there is no specific approach. Ad-hoc testing is a totally unplanned method of testing
where the understanding and insight of the tester is the only important factor. This can be achieved using manual testing.
Exploratory Test: This type of testing requires the tester’s knowledge, experience, analytical, logical skills, creativity, and
intuition. So human involvement is important in exploratory testing.
TopUsability
50 ManualTesting:
Testing Interview Questions usability
When performing you Needtesting,
to knowthe
In 2022
tester needs to measure how user-friendly, efficient, or
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convenient the software or product is for the end-users. Human observation is the most important factor, so manual
testing sounds seems more appropriate.
Q20. What are the phases involved in Software Testing Life Cycle?
The different phases involved in the software testing life cycle are:
Whatsapp Linkedin Twitter Facebook Reddit
Copy Link
Phases Explanation
QA team understands the requirement in terms of what we will testing & figure out the
Requirement Analysis
testable requirements.
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In this phase, the test strategy is defined. Objective & the scope of the project is
Test Planning
determined.
In case you are facing any challenges with these Manual Testing interview questions,
Already please
have ancomment on in.
account? Sign your problems in the
section below.
Defect – A defect is a variance between expected results and actual results, detected by the developer after the product goes
live. The defect is an error found AFTER the application goes into production. In simple terms, it refers to several troubles with
the software products, with its external behavior, or with its internal features.
Error – An error is a mistake, misunderstanding, or misconception, on the part of a software developer. The category of
developers includes software engineers, programmers, analysts, and testers. For example, a developer may misunderstand a
design notation, or a programmer might type a variable name incorrectly – leads to an error. An error normally arises in
software, it leads to a change the functionality of the program.
A good test engineer should have a ‘test to break’ attitude, an ability to take the point of view of the customer
Strong desire for quality and attention to minute details
Tact and diplomacy to maintain a cooperative relationship with developers
Ability to communicate with both technical (developers) and non-technical (customers, management) people
Prior experience in the software development industry is always a plus
Ability to judge the situations and make important decisions to test high-risk areas of an application when time is limited
Q23.What is regression testing? When to apply it?
“Testing of a previously tested program to ensure that defects have not been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of the
software, as a result of the changes made is called Regression Testing.”
A regression test is a system-wide test whose main purpose is to ensure that a small change in one part of the system does not
break Whatsapp Linkedin
existing functionality elsewhere Twitter
in the system. It is recommended Facebook
to perform regression Reddit
testing on the occurrence of the
following events:
Copy Link
When new functionalities are added
In case of change requirements
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Involves both functional and non-functional testings like sanity, Only functional testing is performed to check whether the two
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usability, performance, stress an load modules when combined give the right outcome
It is high-level testing performed after integration testing It is low-level testing performed after unit testing
If you wish to learn in-depth about Bug Life Cycle then you can refer this article on Software Testing Tutorial.
In this testing, tester always check for an only valid set of Testers apply as much creativity as possible and validating the
values application against invalid data
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A critical bug is a bug that has got the tendency to affect a majority of the functionality of the given application. It means a large
piece of functionality or major system component is completely broken and there is no workaround to move further. Application
cannot be distributed to the end client unless the critical bug is addressed.
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Q30. What is the pesticide paradox? How to overcome it?
According to pesticide paradox, if the same tests are repeated over
Signand overGoogle
up with again, eventually the same test cases will no longer
find new bugs. Developers will be extra careful in those places where testers found more defects and might not look into other
areas. Methods to prevent pesticide paradox:
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To write a whole new set of test cases to exercise different parts of the software.
To prepare new test cases and add them to the existing test cases. Already have an account? Sign in.
Using these methods, it’s possible to find more defects in the area where defect numbers dropped.
In case you are facing any challenges with these Manual Testing interview questions, please comment on your problems in the
section below.
Q33. What is black box testing, and what are the various techniques?
Black-Box Testing, also known as specification-based testing, analyses the functionality of a software/application without knowing
much about the internal structure/design of the item. The purpose of this testing is to check the functionality of the system as a
whole to make sure that it works correctly and meets user demands. Various black-box testing techniques are:
Equivalence Partitioning
Boundary Value Analysis
Decision Table Based Technique
Cause-effect Graphing
Use Case Testing
Q34. What is white box testing, and what are the various techniques?
White-Box Testing also known as structure-based testing, requires a profound knowledge of the code as it includes testing of
some structural part of the application. The purpose of this testing is to enhance security, check the flow of inputs/outputs
through application and to improve design and usability. Various white-box testing techniques are:
Statement Coverage
Decision Coverage
Condition Coverage
Multiple Condition Coverage
Q35. What are the Experience-based testing techniques?
Experienced-based testing is all about discovery, investigation, and learning. The tester constantly studies and analyzes the
product and accordingly applies his skills, traits, and experience to develop test strategies and test cases to perform necessary
testing.
Top 50Various
Manual experience-based testing techniques
Testing Interview Questions you Need toare:
know In 2022
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Exploratory Testing
Error Guessing
Q36.What is a top-down and bottom-up approach in testing?
Top-Down – Testing happens fromLinkedin
Whatsapp top to bottom. That is, high-level
Twitter modules are testedFacebook
first, and after that low-levelReddit
modules.
Lastly, the low-level modules are incorporated into a high-level state to guarantee the framework is working as it is expected to.
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Bottom-Up – Testing happens from base levels to high-up levels. The lowest level modules are tested first and afterward high-
level state modules. Lastly, the high-level state modules are coordinated to a low level to guarantee the framework is filling in as
it has been proposed to.
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Q37. What is the difference between smoke testing and sanity testing?
Features Smoke Testing Sign up with Google Sanity Testing
System
Tests are done on builds that have passed smoke tests
Builds Tests are executed on initial builds of software product & rounds of regression tests
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Motive of
To measure the stability of the newly created build to To evaluate rationality & originality of the
Testing face off more rigorous testing Already have an account? Sign in.
functionalities of software builds
Test
Shallow & wide approach to include all the major Narrow & deep approach involving detailed testing of
Coverage functionalities without going too deep functionalities and features
Performed
By? Executed by developers or testers Executed by testers
Q38. What is the difference between static testing and dynamic testing?
Static Testing Dynamic Testing
Static Testing is a white box testing technique, it includes the Dynamic testing includes the process of execution of code and
process of exploring the records to recognize the imperfections is done at the later stage of the software development lifecycle.
in the very early stages of SDLC. It validates and approves the output with the expected results.
Static Testing is implemented at the verification stage. Dynamic testing starts during the validation stage.
Static testing is performed before the code deployment. Dynamic testing is performed after the code deployment
With this, we have completed theory questions. In the next part of this Manual Testing Interview Questions article, let’s discuss
some real-world scenario-based questions.
problem.
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Q41. How you test a product if the requirements are yet to freeze?
It’s possible that a requirement stack is not available for a piece of product. It might take serious effort to determine if an
application has significant unexpected functionality, and it would indicate deeper problems in the software development
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process. If the functionality isn’t necessary to the purpose to our Newsletter,
of the application, it should and get personalized
be removed. recommendations.
Else, create a test plan based
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on the assumptions made about the product. But make sure you get all assumptions well documented in the test plan.
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Q42. What if an organization is growing so fast that fixed testing processes are impossible? What to do in such
situations?
This is a very common problem in the software industry, especiallySignup with Facebook
considering the new technologies that are being incorporated
when developing the product. There is no easy solution in this situation, you could:
• Hire good and skilled people Already have an account? Sign in.
• Management should ‘ruthlessly prioritize’ quality issues and maintain focus on the customer
• Everyone in the organization should be clear on what ‘quality’ means to the end-user
Q44. What are the cases when you’ll consider to choose automated testing over manual testing?
Automated testing can be considered over manual testing during the following situations:
code
documentation
problems
change requests
designs and tools
compilers and libraries
Q46. Is it true that we can do system testing at any stage?
In system testing, all the components of the software are tested as a whole in order to ensure that the overall product meets the
requirements specified. So, no. The system testing must start only if all units are in place and are working properly. System
testing usually happens before the UAT (User Acceptance Testing).
Q47. What are some best practices that you should follow when writing test cases?
Few guidelines that you need to follow while writing test cases are:
Prioritize which test cases to write based on the project timelines and the risk factors of your application.
Remember the 80/20 rule. To achieve the best coverage, 20% of your tests should cover 80% of your application.
Don’t try to test cases in one attempt instead improvise them as you progress.
TopList down your
50 Manual testInterview
Testing cases and classify you
Questions them based
Need on business
to know In 2022 scenarios and functionality.
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Make sure test cases are modular and test case steps are as granular as possible.
Write test cases in such a way that others can understand them easily & modify if required.
Always keep end-users’ requirements in the back of your mind because ultimately the software designed is for the
customer
Actively use a test management tool to manage stable release cycle.
Whatsapp Linkedin Twitter Facebook Reddit
Monitor your test cases regularly. Write unique test cases and remove irrelevant & duplicate test cases.
Q48. Why is it that the boundary value analysis provides good test cases?
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The reason why boundary value analysis provides good test cases is that usually, a greater number of errors occur at the
boundaries rather than in the center of the input domain for a test.
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In boundary value analysis technique test cases are designed to include values at the boundaries. If the input is within the
boundary value, it is considered ‘Positive testing.’ If the input is outside of the boundary value, it is considered ‘Negative testing.’
It includes maximum, minimum, inside or outside edge, typical values or error values.
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Let’s suppose you are testing for an input box that accepts numbers from ’01 to 10′.
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Using the boundary value analysis we can define three classes of test cases:
Test cases with test data exactly as the input boundaries ofSignup
input: with
1 and 10 (in this case)
Facebook
Values just below the extreme edges of input domains: 0 and 9
Test data with values just above the extreme edges of input domains: 2 and 11
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So the boundary values would be 0, 1, 2 and 9, 10, 11.
Here are the two principal reasons that make it impossible to test a program entirely.
That’s it, folks! With this, we have reached the end of this ‘Manual Testing Interview Questions’. You could also take a look
at Automation Testing Interview Questions while you’re at it.
If you found this article relevant, check out the Software Testing Training by Edureka, a trusted online learning company with a
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