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UN Reviewer

The United Nations emerged in 1945 at the end of World War II with 51 original member states. It has since grown to 193 members and is headquartered in New York. The UN has 6 official languages and is divided into several main bodies, including the Security Council which is charged with maintaining international peace and security. Antonio Guterres is the current Secretary-General.

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Willyn Grace Sacasac Pacanos
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93 views5 pages

UN Reviewer

The United Nations emerged in 1945 at the end of World War II with 51 original member states. It has since grown to 193 members and is headquartered in New York. The UN has 6 official languages and is divided into several main bodies, including the Security Council which is charged with maintaining international peace and security. Antonio Guterres is the current Secretary-General.

Uploaded by

Willyn Grace Sacasac Pacanos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. How many official languages does UN have?

6
2. What is the nationality of the present Secretary General of UN? Portugal
3. In which year, did the United Nations come into existence? 1945
4. Where are the Headquarters of United Nations? New York
5. The United Nations is divided into _____ administrative bodies. 6
6. Who is the ninth Secretary-General of the United Nations? Antonio Guterres
7. The headquarters of the International Court of Justice are located in ______.  The Hague
8. The Security Council of the UN consists of ______ member states. 15
9. Where are the headquarters of World Health Organization? Geneva
10. Which organ of the UN is charged with maintaining peace and security among countries?
Security Council

 The United Nations emerged from the United Nations


Conference on International Organization, which took
place in San Francisco from April to June 1945, near the
end of World War II. The conference produced the UN
charter, the organization’s founding document, which
was signed on June 26.
 From fifty-one original members in 1945, the UN’s
membership grew to 193 by 2011, where it remains. The
growth stems primarily from the independence of new
countries through decolonization and other means.
 Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish
are the official languages of the United Nations.
Generally, documents produced by the organization are
translated into all six. Some UN departments and
agencies use a shorter list of working languages for day-
to-day operations.
 Chapter XV of the UN charter names the secretary-
general as the organization’s “chief administrative
officer.” The role today includes a wide range of
responsibilities, from management of personnel to
advocacy for the organization’s aims. Antonio Guterres of
Portugal is the ninth and current secretary-general.
 Within the UN system, the main responsibility for
maintaining peace and resolving disputes falls to the
Security Council. This body, made up of five permanent
members and ten rotating members, is the only UN
organ with the power to make decisions that member
states must follow, according to the UN Charter.
 The UN Charter establishes the United States, China,
France, Russia, and the United Kingdom (often called the
P5) as permanent members of the Security Council.
These countries were the primary victors of World War
II, and their permanent status often sparks criticism that
the Security Council’s power structure fails to reflect
today’s world. The UN General Assembly elects ten
additional members to join the Security Council for two-
year terms.
 Any of the five permanent members can veto any Security
Council resolution, other than those on procedural
issues, which defeats the resolution even if it has the nine
votes required. The Security Council presidency,
meanwhile, rotates monthly among all members.
Member states also contribute their own military and
police personnel to UN missions, as the United Nations
has no standing force of its own.
 Chapter VII of the UN Charter outlines the Security
Council’s most muscular powers for responding to
“threats of the peace, breaches of the peace, and acts of
aggression.” While Chapter VI allows the Security
Council to use peaceful means to help resolve disputes,
Chapter VII empowers it to order stronger measures,
including military force. Security Council resolutions
adopted under Chapter VII are generally considered
legally binding.
 The United Nations’ regular budget is paid by
contributions from member states, which are assessed in
line with the size of their economies and other factors.
Peacekeeping and other activities are funded separately.
The world’s least developed countries might pay only
0.001 percent of the regular budget; the United States is
assessed at 22 percent, the maximum rate.
 A total of over 104,000 personnel are serving in the
United Nations’ fourteen current peacekeeping missions:
around 90,000 in uniform, 13,000 civilians, and 1,000
volunteers. The largest mission is MONUSCO in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo, which has over
15,000 military personnel and around 3,000 civilians.
More than 3,750 people have been killed while serving in
peacekeeping operations since they began in 1948.

 The United Nations flag was adopted on the 7th December 1946, following the
US Secretary of State's - Edward Stettinus, Jr. - suggestion that the symbol used
for the 1945 United Nations Conference on International Organization in San
Francisco, could become the permanent symbol of the United Nations. The
original design of the flag is that of Donal McLaughlin.
 The first security council started in 1946 where Brazil, Mexico, Australia, Poland
and the Netherlands were the first members. In the following year only Brazil,
Australia and Poland continued their terms.
 The United Nations Truce Supervision Operation (UNTSO) was established to
ensure the keeping of the truce after the Israeli war of independence. The truce
was effectively broken in the Sinai War (1956), the 6-Day War (1967), the Yom
Kippur War (1973) and the Lebanon Wars (1978 and 1982), and is constantly
being threatened by terror attacks from Palestinian side and ensuing retaliation
from Israeli side. The effective evacuation of Israeli settlements from the
occupied territories of Gaza and the West Bank in 2005 was a seminal step in
the peace progress that has started with the Oslo agreements of 1993 and
1995.
 Founded in 1945 directly after World War II, around 50 nations met to establish
the UN as a successor to the League of Nations.
 Franklin D. Roosevelt declared a need for a 'trusteeship of the powerful' after
the League of Nations had failed to prevent World War II, and in 1945, the
United Nations came into being.
 October 24, 1945
One of the main reasons for creating the United Nations was that world leaders
felt working together was the only way to prevent the tragedy of World War
Two from being repeated.
 The UN Charter was signed on 26 June 1945, and following its ratification, the
UN formally came into existence on October 24, 1945.
 What is the UN's predecessor organisation which failed after being created
at the end of WWI? The League of Nations
The idea was drafted by U.S President Woodrow Wilson, but failed because it
had no army to back up its stance.
 UNESCO was established on the 16th November 1945 as the successor to
League of Nations' International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation.
UNESCO now has 193 member states and 7 associate member states, with its
headquarters in the French capital, Paris. Possibly the best known UNESCO
activity is it World Heritage Sites register, which registers those sites around the
world that are of great natural or cultural importance.
 The countries that served on the council in 1966 were Mali, Nigeria, Uganda,
Japan, Jordan, Argentina, Uruguay, Netherlands, New Zealand and Bulgaria.
Uruguay, Jordan and the Netherlands served previously in 1965 with Bolivia,
Ivory Coast and Malaysia.
 The Security Council consists of fifteen members total, the five permanent
members and ten rotating members. The non-permanent for 2007 are Belgium,
Italy, Qatar, Congo, Panama, Slovakia, Ghana, Peru, South Africa, and Indonesia.
 The League of Nations was established by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919.
 UNICEF (or the United Nations Children Fund) was established on the 11th
December 1946, initially providing health care and food rations to those
countries that had been ravaged by the Second World War. Today, UNICEF
provides long-term humanitarian and developmental aid to mothers and
children in developing countries. The acronym UNICEF stems from the original
name of the organization - United Nations International Children's Emergency
Fund.
 Who was the first secretary-general of the United Nations? Trygve Lie of
Norway

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