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Unit Ii-1

The document discusses osmotic pressure and its use in determining molar masses of macromolecules. It defines terms like osmotic pressure, mole fraction, and Van't Hoff factor. It also provides examples of calculating molar masses of substances using their osmotic pressures in solutions and differences between molarity and molality.

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Gaurav Sharma
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22 views

Unit Ii-1

The document discusses osmotic pressure and its use in determining molar masses of macromolecules. It defines terms like osmotic pressure, mole fraction, and Van't Hoff factor. It also provides examples of calculating molar masses of substances using their osmotic pressures in solutions and differences between molarity and molality.

Uploaded by

Gaurav Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Define osmotic pressure.

How is it that measurement of osmotic pressures is more widely used for


determining molar masses of macromolecules than the rise in boiling point or fall in freezing point
of their solutions?
2. Derive an equation to express that relative lowering of vapour pressure for a solution is equal to
the mole fraction of the solute in it when the solvent alone is volatile.

3.

4. Define the following terms:


(i) Mole fraction ii) Van’t Hoff factor
5. 100 mg of a protein is dissolved in enough water to make 100 mL of a solution. If this solution
has an osmotic pressure 13.3 mm Hg at 25° C, what is the molar mass of protein?
(R = 0.0821 L atm mol–1 K–1 and 760 mm Hg = 1 atm.)
6.

7. Define the terms, ‘osmosis’ and ‘osmotic pressure’. What is the advantage of using osmotic pressure
as compared to other colligative properties for the determination of molar masses of solutes in solutions.
8.

9.

10. Differentiate between molarity and molality of a solution.


11. 15 g of an unknown molecular substance was dissolved in 450 g of water. The resulting solution
freezes at – 0.34°C. What is the molar mass of the substance? (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol–1).
12. State the following:
(i) Raoult’s law in its general form in reference to solutions.
(ii) Henry’s law about partial pressure of a gas in a mixture
13. A solution prepared by dissolving 8.95 mg of a gene fragment in 35.0 mL of water has an osmotic
pressure of 0.335 torr at 25°C. Assuming that the gene fragment is a non-electrolyte, calculate its
molar mass.
14.

15. What is meant by ‘reverse osmosis’?


16. Differentiate between molality and molality values for a solution. What is the effect of change in
temperature on molarity and molality values?
17.
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