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Installation Guide - ArchWiki - Part 4

The document discusses installing Arch Linux by: 1. Updating the mirrorlist file to prioritize the closest mirrors 2. Using pacstrap to install the base package, Linux kernel, and firmware 3. Generating an fstab file with genfstab and configuring the time zone and localization settings like locale.gen after chrooting into the new system

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52 views

Installation Guide - ArchWiki - Part 4

The document discusses installing Arch Linux by: 1. Updating the mirrorlist file to prioritize the closest mirrors 2. Using pacstrap to install the base package, Linux kernel, and firmware 3. Generating an fstab file with genfstab and configuring the time zone and localization settings like locale.gen after chrooting into the new system

Uploaded by

unicorn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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genfstab(8) (https://man.archlinux.org/man/genfstab.

8) will later detect mounted


file systems and swap space.

2 Installation

2.1 Select the mirrors


Packages to be installed must be downloaded from mirror servers, which are defined in
/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist . On the live system, after connecting to the internet, reflector
updates the mirror list by choosing 20 most recently synchronized HTTPS mirrors and sorting them
by download rate.

The higher a mirror is placed in the list, the more priority it is given when downloading a package.
You may want to inspect the file to see if it is satisfactory. If it is not, edit the file accordingly, and
move the geographically closest mirrors to the top of the list, although other criteria should be taken
into account.

This file will later be copied to the new system by pacstrap, so it is worth getting right.

2.2 Install essential packages


Use the pacstrap(8) (https://man.archlinux.org/man/pacstrap.8) script to install the
base (https://archlinux.org/packages/?name=base) package, Linux kernel and
firmware for common hardware:

# pacstrap -K /mnt base linux linux-firmware

Tip:
You can substitute linux (https://archlinux.org/packages/?name=linux) for a
kernel package of your choice, or you could omit it entirely when installing in a container.
You could omit the installation of the firmware package when installing in a virtual machine or
container.

The base (https://archlinux.org/packages/?name=base) package does not include all


tools from the live installation, so installing other packages may be necessary for a fully functional
base system. In particular, consider installing:

userspace utilities for the management of file systems that will be used on the system,
utilities for accessing RAID or LVM partitions,
specific firmware for other devices not included in linux-firmware (https://archlinux.o
rg/packages/?name=linux-firmware) (e.g. sof-firmware (https://archlinux.or
g/packages/?name=sof-firmware) for sound cards),
software necessary for networking (e.g. a network manager or DHCP client),
a text editor,
packages for accessing documentation in man and info pages: man-db (https://archlinu
x.org/packages/?name=man-db), man-pages (https://archlinux.org/packages/?
name=man-pages) and texinfo (https://archlinux.org/packages/?name=texinf
o).

To install other packages or package groups, append the names to the pacstrap command above
(space separated) or use pacman while chrooted into the new system. For comparison, packages
available in the live system can be found in pkglist.x86_64.txt (https://geo.mirror.pkgbuild.c
om/iso/latest/arch/pkglist.x86_64.txt).

3 Configure the system

3.1 Fstab
Generate an fstab file (use -U or -L to define by UUID or labels, respectively):

# genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

Check the resulting /mnt/etc/fstab file, and edit it in case of errors.

3.2 Chroot
Change root into the new system:

# arch-chroot /mnt

3.3 Time zone


Set the time zone:

# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime

Run hwclock(8) (https://man.archlinux.org/man/hwclock.8) to generate


/etc/adjtime :

# hwclock --systohc

This command assumes the hardware clock is set to UTC. See System time#Time standard for
details.

3.4 Localization
Edit /etc/locale.gen and uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and other needed locales.
Generate the locales by running:

# locale-gen

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