Scribd
Upload
42 views

Alternating Current AC Theory 3

This document discusses alternating current (AC) theory, specifically impedance and admittance in AC circuits. It defines impedance and admittance for AC circuits and how they differ from resistance. Impedance has both a real part of resistance and an imaginary part of reactance, while admittance has a real part of conductance and imaginary part of susceptance. The document provides examples of calculating impedance and admittance for simple circuit elements including resistors, inductors, and capacitors.

Uploaded by

Tharusha Imalka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views

Alternating Current AC Theory 3

This document discusses alternating current (AC) theory, specifically impedance and admittance in AC circuits. It defines impedance and admittance for AC circuits and how they differ from resistance. Impedance has both a real part of resistance and an imaginary part of reactance, while admittance has a real part of conductance and imaginary part of susceptance. The document provides examples of calculating impedance and admittance for simple circuit elements including resistors, inductors, and capacitors.

Uploaded by

Tharusha Imalka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

EE1012 Electrical Engineering

Semester 1
2019
Section 5: Alternating Current (AC) Theory
By
Dr. Saranga K. Abeygunawardane

1
Announcement:

If you are good in singing, dancing, playing


Musical Instruments or compering
please write your Name, Group & Contact
No.in the papers provided at the end of the
lecture for next Sandroo

2
5.3 Impedance and Admittance in an
AC circuit
• For an AC circuit, impedance Z is
complex.

In Cartesian form
–Real part-Resistance (R)
–Imaginary part-Reactance (X)
• Impedance is measured in ohms(Ω)
3
• Admittance (Y) is the inverse of the
impedance.

In Cartesian form
–Real part-Conductance (G)
–Imaginary part-Susceptance (B)
• Admittance is measured in siemens (S)
• Note:
1 1
𝐺≠ , 𝐵≠
𝑅 𝑋
5.4 Impedance and Admittance of
Simple Circuit Elements
Resistor

Let be the reference


wave.
I
𝐼𝑚 Reference
Let =𝐼 direction
ϕ0
2 6
Inductor
Let
be the reference waveform.
where L is the self inductance.

VL I
ϕ0

Reference
direction

v(t) leads the reference waveform i(t) by 𝝅/𝟐.


For convenience I is drawn horizontally as
follows. VL
i.e. rotate the phasor diagram
for your input (I) to lie along
the reference direction. I
By comparing eqn (1) with Ohm’s Law, V = IR , it
is seen that XL is the opposition the inductor
offers to the current flow at  .
It is called the inductive reactance and is
measured in Ω .
Capacitor

Let
I I
-ve
ϕ0 
Reference 2

Vc
Vc
E.g. 1
In a series RC circuit R = 3.3 kΩ , C= 2.2 μF and
i(t) = 4.73 Sin (240 t + 750) mA . Find the total
impedance of the circuit in Cartesian and polar
forms.
Comparing i(t) = 4.73 Sin (240 t + 750) mA with
the general form, i(t) = Im Sin (ωt + φ);
ω = 240 rad/s
capacitive reactance;

= 1894 Ω
Total impedance of the circuit;
Z = ZR + Zc

= 3300 – j 1894 Ω (Cartesian form)


E.g. 2
A series RLC circuit is connected to
v(t) =24 sin (1000 t + 200).
If R=15 Ω, L= O.I H and C=12 μF , find the total
impedance of the circuit in Cartesian and polar
forms.
v(t) = 24 sin (1000 t + 2000)
ω = 1000 rad/s
For a series RLC circuit,

Z=15+j(1000×0.1-1/(1000×12×10-6))
Z=15+j 16.67 Ω (Cartesian form)
= 𝟏𝟓𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔. 𝟔𝟕𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟒𝟑
𝟏𝟔. 𝟔𝟕
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 =
𝟏𝟓

𝜽 = 𝟒𝟖𝟎

Z=22.43 𝟒𝟖𝟎 Ω (Polar form)


E.g. 3
At ω = 1000 rad/s E lags I.
Circuit is capacitive.
E.g. 4
V 100  j150

100  j1504.5  j12
Z 
I 4.5  j12 4.5  j124.5  j12
2250  j 525
  13.6986  j 3.1963
164.25
 13.7  j 3.2

Z  13.6986  3.1963  14.07


2 2
1 1
Y 
Z 13.7  j 3.2


1 13.7  j 3.2
13.7  j3.2 13.7  j3.2
 0.0692  j 0.0162  0.07  j 0.02

Y  0.07  0.02  0.071


2 2
Or
I 4.5  j12
Y 
V 100  j150


4.5  j12100  j150
 0.0692  j 0.0162
100  j150100  j150
 0.07  j 0.02

Y  0.0692  0.0162  0.071


2 2
Or

You might also like