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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
248 viewsSolid Geometry
Uploaded by
Benjie MorenoCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 8
RIGHT PRISM
VOLUME: V=A,h
Rectangular Parallepiped
d= x2 +y2 +22
Ay = xy V = xyz
S=(2x42y)z A= 2xy + 2x2 + 2yz
LATERA AREA: S = pyh
Cube Right Circular Cylinder
x=y=z=e
d=V3e
h
=4e?
A= be?
v=e
1. The base of a prism is a rectangle with sides Scm and
10cm. If its lateral area is 480cm’, find its altitude, total
area and volume.
SOLUTION
5 = 480
2(10)z +2(5)z = 480 i
z= 16cm S
A= 480 + 2(5)(10)
| 580cm?
V = 5(10)(16) = g00cm?
2. The altitude of a parallelepiped is 20 and the base is @
rhombus with diagonals 10 and 16. Find the volume of
the parallelepiped.
SOLUTION
v ={1116 00
V = 1600cm*
3. The dimensions of a rectangular parallelepiped are
in the ratio of 2:3:5. If its volume is 30000 cu.cm find
its diagonal.
SOLUTION
Ne aayiaae Ve
AE
¥
Cae
x=2k y=3k 2=5k
(2k)BI)(GK) = 30000 x =20 7 =50
10 y=30
d = 20? + 30? +502
d =61.64
4, The diagonal of the cube is 25sqrt of 3. Find its volume
and total surface area,
SOLUTION
V=08 V = 25% 15625
d=25V3 A= 6e% 6[25? 3750
Ve = 25V3
e=25
5. The lateral area of a right hexagonal prism is 360
cm. If the distance between the bases of the prism is
15cm, determine its volume.
SOLUTION
v3,
vee
S=360
6x(15)= 360
x= 4cem
yx? (15)
v= @Deayras, = 623.54em*
6.A trough having an equilateral triangle end sections
has sides 0.3m and 0.6m long contains water. f the
depth of water inside is half the depth of the trough,
find its volume. Find also the area of wetted surface of
the trough.
SOLUTION
oy
v= Broo
a eeh y= 0a5
03h
V = ()O.15)?(0.6) = 0.058m*
Awetted Bosse 2(0.15)(0.6)= 0.1995m? 7. Each side of a cube is increased by 1%. By what percent
is the volume and surface atea of the cube increased?
SOLUTION
(100%)
x, = 101x,
Tim "aon
1.01)3¥,
apy = SOV" (9996) 3.03010
{A = (100%)
Ay Ax?
a = 1 _ A, =(1.01)7A,
A, A, @.01x)? a
1.01924, = Ay
%A = = LDA 10035) = 2.01%
. 1
8. The volume of a cylinder is 100pi If its lateral area is,
20pi, find total susface area
SOLUTION
A= 2nr? + 200
V = 1000
mr?h= 1000
rh = 100
rh _ 100
10
10
A= 2n(10)?+20n =220
9, Ahorizontal cylindrical tank has radius of 4m and
length of 10m. If the depth of water is 2m, find the
volume of water and the wetted surface inside the tank.
SOLUTION 19,
AEN
> rag 9 ~ sin0}(10) cos
Y = 8 [;7 (120) — sin120°}(20)
= 3
V = 98.27m' b
10. Find the volume of the largest circular cylinder that
can be inscribed in a cube whose volume is 64 cu cm.
SOLUTION
4
r=5=2
2
v
m(2)(4) = 16cm?
TRUNCATED PRISM &PRISMATOID
TRUNCATED PRISM
Ay the t+h
yaa,
PRISMATOID
h
V= FIA, + 44m +42] A truncated prism has a square base. The vertical edges
of each corner are 4m, Sm, 6m, and 7m. If the volume
Cf prism is 8800 m:, find the diagonal of the base. Find
also the lateral area & total surface area of the prism
a
SOLUTION T
2
| D=V2x
v = 8800
4+5+6+7]
xt [ee| = 8800
40
v2(40) = 56.57
1
S= ZIG+5)+G6+6)+6+7) +4 +7140)
880
A= 880+ 40? +Arop = 4083
1
Atop =Zadsind +35 besinf = 1603
ao 3204 = 1601 + 1601 — 2(1601)cos®
89.96" }
oe = 1609 + 1601 — 2VT609VTE0I cos;
90.11
= vieor
== 40
A solid has a circular base of radius 15m. Find the
volume of the solid if every section perpendicular to a
certain diameter is an equilateral triangle.
SOLUTION,
Ay
/ L=2r
= ols + 44m + As]
v3
Be (2r)*= V3r?
v= Zo + var? +0]
4v3r?_ 4v3(15)?
794.23m>
I 3
‘oylindrical tank 4 smeter and 6m high is full of water
Itis then tilted to a position enough for the water surface to
cut the diameter at the base. (i) How much water is retained
in the tank? (iiFind the depth of the water inside the tank
when itis then placed in the vertical position.
SOLUTION
OV = EIA, +d + A)
L 4m A, =A, =0 ~
io 6
Am = 5()(2)=6
a '
gl + 4(6) + Ol= 16m
WW vemrth CS
h= 127m 1 =<
KD
fa wedge is cut from the cylindrical log of radius 3m by
‘two planes, one perpendicular to the axis and the other
passing through a diameter of the section made by the
first plane and inclined to this plane at an angle of 45°,
find the volume of the wedge.
SOLUTION
fi
V= Gar + 44m + 42]
| L=2r Ay =A, =0
fl
Am =5rY y= rtand
alee
Ary = 5 (7? )tand
2r oon
v= . 0+ 4G )(r)eano + 4|
v 30 =45°
Stand
3
2
v = 5 ()°tands? = 18m?
The axes of two right circular cylinders of equal radii 9
em each, intersect at right angles. Find the volume of the
common part of the cylinders.
a. 3666cm' b.3777cm? ¢, 388m" d, 399m?
SOLUTION
v zu + 44m + Az]
L=2r A, =A, =0
Am= 20(21) = 4r?
v = Zo +sar +0]
16
3
v 3 r=9
y= oe
zo POINTED SOLID
vowne: v=2ah
Pyramid
dix Lateral edge
AT
typ Base
where:
S-lateral area L- slant height
Pp- Perimeter of the base Ap- Avea of the base
Right Circular Cone
ais
L, h
=v
The volume of a regular hexagonal pyramid is 190 cm? If
the length of each base edge of the pyramid is 6 cm, find
the altitude, lateral and total surface area of the pyramid.
SOLUTION
v=190
Jo Born =190 le
h=6.09em
soho P=6(6)=36
La Vitvat a= Boe)= aya
L= 6.08427 =8em
S = 5 (36)(8)= 144em?
“t =@ 8 ors = 237.53cm?
‘At what distance from the vertex of a pyramid of
altitude 4m must it be cut by a plane parallel to is base
so that the two solids of equal weight will be formed.
SOLUTION
yy
Tee Mi=W, same material
ye nM ate nar
#8 yah
oy
2° 8
y= 3.175m
The regular pyramid of altitude 12cm is divided into 3
parts by two planes parallel to the base at a distance of
‘4m and &m respectively from the vertex. (i) Find area of
the two cutting planes if the area of the base of the
Pyramid 64cm®, (liJFind the ratio of the volume of the
smallest part to the volume of the biggest part of the
Pyramid.
SOLUTION
2 a
Ay = 7.1em’ eer
a
Ag = 28.44cm? %
‘A closed conical tank has a diameter of 2m at the top
and height of 6m contains water at a depth of 4m. Find
the (i) volume of water inside the tank and (ii) wetted
surface of the tank.
SOLUTION
(4) = 1.86
24.42 Ahole 10cm in diameter is to be punched out from a
right circular cone having a diameter of 16cm and
height of 24cm. Determine the volume punched out.
SOLUTION
Vv = m(5)*¥+2 (5)? (24-y)
y_m
jog y=?
V = n(5)2(9)+ 5 5)? (24-9)
V = 350ncm?
A circular piece of cardboard with a diameter of 1m
will be made into a conical nut 40 cm high by cutting a
sector off and joining the edges to forma cone. Find
angle subtended by the sector removed
SOLUTION
2nx
50? — 40? = 30
¢ = 2n(30)= 607
© = 360° — 216° = 144°
FRUSTUM OF PYRAMID &CONE
FRUSTUM OF PYRAMID
FRUSTUM OF CONE
L=/@—n ae
he
Vv Siar + Rr]
2
glG + CL = mIR + rl
The volume of a fustum of a regular triangular pyramid
is 135 m3. The lower has an edge of 9m. Ifthe distance
between the bases is 8m. Find the (i) upper base edge
and (ji total surface of the frustum.
SOLUTION
v3 3 (gy2¥3 x2] =135
Fre Fo “|
L = (8? + (17329 = 819
8.19
Zz Grn3
4-Sor Sar Poros
A =186.31 ‘The volume of a frustum of aright circular cone is 1176
‘nem? and the distance between the bases is 18cm. If
the product the rail is 60 cm:, find the radius of the
upper base and the lateral area of the frustum of 2
cone.
SOLUTION S=n6+10)L
ZB L = J18? + (0-6 =18.44em
S=m(6 + 10)18.44 =926,85cm?
| Ih=18em
v= 1176 #
rt —136r? +3600
r= 6em
R= 10cm
They no
v= iF +R rR)
18/60
SF [t+ +60] = 11760
SPHERE
Sphere Zone ‘
‘S = 4nR? one base Z=2nrh
4
V ==nR? mh?
ine Vv =——[3R-A]
3
Spherical Segment Spherical Cone
(=
Two bases
2
is V=snRh
v = [30 + 3b? +h] 3
Find the surface area and volume of sphere inscribed
in a cube of volume 512 m?.
SOLUTION
S = An(4)?= 64nm?
4
v= 5ar*
4 256
32)? = Ems
The corners of a cubical box touched a closed spherical
shell that encloses it. If the volume of the cubical box is
1125m®, find the volume inside the shell not occupied
by the box.
SOLUTION SD
[Ss
Cok
v= tmp? -125
eM
D=3x
V=125 x8=125 x=5m
D=5v3
JxG6v3)'—125 = 215.09m?
‘Accylindrical tank of radius 1.5m and altitude Sm is
filled with water to depth of 2m. (i) if the spherical ball
of radius 1m is droped into the tank slowly, by how
much is the level of water raised?
SOLUTION 1s
Vepnere = ™(15)?Y
4
grays m(5)%y
592m If the surface area of the sphere is increased by 20%,
determine the percentage increase in diameter and
volume.
SOLUTION
Dz ~D.
%D= x100%
= = 125,
= Dz = Vi2D,
a. ea
%D = NEBL = Pt 100% = 9.54%
wv =2— 4 100%
Yi
% (3). A Ae
¥"\D,) (a) Be vazy
Ges
Vn VERMA Mi 190% = 31.45%
Y
A sphere has a radius of 12cm. (i) How far from the
ccenter of the sphere should a plane passed so that the
ratio of the areas of the two zones formed is 2:3? (ii)
Compute the area of the of the smaller spherical zone.
(ii) Find the volume of smaller spherical segment.
SOLUTION
a i) Z, = 2m(12(9.6)
13.82em*
i) y= ar
ner
v, = 22% a2) -961
V, = 2547.86cm>
h
Zak
h 2
ate =? hae ¥=12-96 = 240m
2012)-h 3 eo
Ahole 10 cm in diameter is to be punched out from a
sphere of radius of 8 cm. Find the total volume
punched out.
SOLUTION
8-h= fers?
755
(8—h)
2(8 - 1.755)
y =12.49 |
V = Veg + Mes
1
=16)'y +27 B@-M)
2
AO 30) = 1755]
V = n(5)*(12.49) +2
V = 1124.46cm>
AA spherical cone has @ chord of generating arc of its
zone equal to Scm and the radius of zone is 4cm. Find
the volume and total surface area of spherical cone.
SOLUTION
= (r= hyeaa? = 1?
p hasta
St (r- 378?
CNS Os
ary
Find the area of lune of spherical wedge of radius
‘12cm if the volume of wedge is 502.655cm*.
SOLUTION
aro
Anne =
Vong, = 28
heedoe = 75 a
Ane 3 24)
Yreage
Avune
502.655 12
Atune=125.7em?
‘A pentagonal spherical pyramid of base angles 100°,
130°, 135°, 160°, and 150°, Find the (i) spherical
excess, (iJarea of the base and (iil) volume of the
pyramid. The radius of the sphere is 10m.
SOLUTION
(i) E =100%+130%+135° +160° +150° — (5 - 2)180°
E = 135°
mE
| (=F
4 = 2C20)2135)
~~ 180
A= 750m?
SE
(i) y=
Y= 3a0
y = C10)2135)
~~ 540
b V=250nm? REGULAR POYHEDRON
Tetrahedron Hexahedron
4 faces Cube
equilateral triangle
Octahedron
8 faces
equilateral triangle
a
a
@
v6
A=2W3a? y =
