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Self-Study 3

The document discusses the rules for reported speech including changing pronouns and verb tenses when reporting statements, questions, requests and orders. It covers reporting verbs and their structures like verb object infinitive. There are many rules to remember for reported speech that take practice to fully understand.

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Nguyen Thao Nguyen B2014048
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15 views

Self-Study 3

The document discusses the rules for reported speech including changing pronouns and verb tenses when reporting statements, questions, requests and orders. It covers reporting verbs and their structures like verb object infinitive. There are many rules to remember for reported speech that take practice to fully understand.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Thao Nguyen B2014048
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SELF-STUDY 3

(17.09.2021)

Today I was told to study a new chapter of Advanced Grammar Course


by myself which is about Reported Speech. There are a lot of points I
have to bear in mind.
1. Reporting verbs including: say, tell, ask, remind, advise…
Forms:
 Verb object infinitive: advise, invite, remind…
Example: They always remind me to love myself.
 Verb infinitive: agree, decide, refuse…
Example: I refused to help him with their homework because he needed
to finish it by himself.
 Verb (that): admit, agree, promise…
Example: Chris promised that he would always stay with us.
 Verb gerund: deny, suggest, mention…
Example: He mentioned going to the birthday party.
 Verb object preposition gerund: accuse, blame, congratulate
Example: I congratulated SKZ on winning their first award.
 Verb preposition gerund: apologize, insist
Example: Did she apologize for cheating on the exam?
2. Reported statement: say, tell, mention, inform…
 Change pronouns
 Go back one tense (backshift) if the RV is in past tense
RULES FOR “THAT”
1. Preceded by reporting verbs in formal use, skipped in informal
use
2. Used when showing the speaker’s intention: complain, deny…
3. Used after phrasal verbs
4. Used when reporting verbs + other information + that-clause
5. Used when reporting using nouns: advice, answer, comment,
decision…
Example: Her advice that I need to spend time on reading is
helpful.
3. Reported questions
 Normal word order.
 No inversion of the subject and auxiliary
 No question mark
ᴥ In yes/no question: Reporting clause + if whether clause
Example: “Did you attend to SKZ’s concert yesterday?”, he asked.
He asked if/whether I had attended to SKZ’s concert the day
before.
4. Reported requests and orders
When reporting requests, orders, intentions, promises, suggestions, we
can use to infinitive clause after the reporting clause: ask, advice,
command, tell, warn…
S + V + O + (not) to infinitive
Example: Hey, did I tell you not to open that door without my
permission?
5. Changes in reported speed
 Change of time expressions p.71
 Change of tenses (backshift) p71,72
 No tense changes: V (present) or the statement is about a
permanent situation, a truth.

Through the chapter, I could adsorb a variety of information which help


to heighten my understanding regarding reported speech. There are so
many rules that I couldn’t handle at once but I’ll try revise it more. This
could bring me a lot of advantages for my writing.

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