Introduction to Engineering Engineering

BSFE First Year - First Semester - Engineering turns those understandings into improved machines,
Midterms Examination - Reviewer notes technologies, and processes.
- Design
- Build
ENGINEERING AS A CAREER AND PROFESSION
Module 1 - Lesson 1 Qualities of an Engineer
1. Curiosity - engineers are curious because they want to know how
Engineering things work.
● Considered to be one of the most challenging and exciting 2. Critical Thinking - Engineers need to analyze and evaluate
career. information to make objective judgments and recommendations.
● Application of the principles of science and mathematics to 3. Creativity - creativity often spurs innovation.
develop economical solutions 4. Effective Communication - Effective engineers understand that
● Derived from the Latin ingenium, meaning “cleverness” clear, concise, written and verbal communication is the key to
and ingeniare, meaning “to contrive, devise”. giving their ideas life and their team a competitive edge.
5. Collaborative Spirit - to ensure integrated development.
The engineering profession
Engineering is the application of science to the common purpose of Qualities of an Engineer
life, knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, Engineers who remain curious throughout their lives, are those who
experience, and practice, is applied with judgment. will continue to ease the way in which people navigate their world.

ABET - Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology Additional personality traits and work habits:
✔ Adept at using computers to model and analyze problems.
George Washington ✔ Have time management skills to work productively.
- Considered to be the first engineer in the United States. ✔ Have people skills to communicate effectively with people
- “Engineers turn dreams into reality.” ✔ Have a desire to be lifelong learners.
✔ Have a core knowledge that can be applied in other fields.
Neil Armstrong ✔ Successful engineers are problem solvers.
- Provided an excellent answer on the difference of Science and
Engineering Roles of Engineers
● The cotton towel was made by agricultural, industrial manufacturing
Science vs. Engineering
, chemical, petroleum, civil and mechanical engineers.
Science ● The water was made possible through the effort of chemical,
- Science is a quest for “truth for its own sake” mechanical, civil and petroleum engineers.
- The scientist seeks to know, the engineer aims to do. ● Mechanical engineers are those who designed heating,
- Understand air-conditioning and ventilating systems in your home.
- Describe ● The transport vehicles are made by automotive, mechanical,
- Explain electrical, electronics, industrial, electronics, chemical and
petroleum engineers.
 ● The foods were made through the collaborative effort of ✔ Engineering work is all around us. From jobs in related areas such as
engineering disciplines - from agricultural to mechanical, to food. supply chain and jobs in other industries such as finance and IT.

Impacts of Engineering on Society Engineering Affiliations

● Health
➔ Advances in medical technology are solely down to ● World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO)
engineers, and without it, doctors would not be able to ● Federation of Engineering Institutions of Asia and the Pacific
treat patients the way they do today (FEIAP)
● Technology ● Philippine Technological Council (PTC)
➔ Engineers allowed us to build satellites and machines that
help us to understand the world and shape our lives. The ASEAN Federation of Engineering Organizations (AFEO)
● Communication - A non-governmental body with members from the engineering
➔ The way we communicate has also vastly improved due to institutions and organizations of ASEAN countries.
engineering. Its main objectives are:
● Development ➔ To promote goodwill and mutual understanding
➔ Businesses work smarter and faster than ever before. ➔ To establish a ASEAN baseline standard for the
● Space engineering profession
➔ The International Space Station is the largest and most
complex science undertaking ever. The future of Engineering

● The world has become more VUCA

Engineering Functions V- volatility
- Analysis U- uncertainty
- Designs C- complexity
- Production and Testing A- ambiguity.
- Research and Development ● The half life of knowledge is getting shorter each year. Amount of
- Sales knowledge doubles worldwide every four years yet our curricular
- Operations are fairly static.
- Construction ● Globalization is where economies become more interconnected
- Military but also becoming more uncertain. Businesses have no
- Entrepreneur boundaries. Competition knows no barriers. Talents are highly
- Teaching mobile.
- Consulting ● Global Warming and the resulting climate change has many
- Management severe consequences
● The Internet of Things is changing the way students study. It
✔ Engineering graduates have a broad range of career options, including empowers them to access information anywhere, anytime, and on
different kinds of engineering roles. any device.
 ● The Millennial Generation. A new generation of learners are
emerging who grew up on social media. They build networks, Lesson 2
communicate, share, collaborate, access information, and shape What is Food Engineering?
personal experiences.
● The Rise of Smart Systems: Industry 4.0. The convergence of The Food Engineering Profession
technologies lay the foundation for an all-encompassing revolution ● It is a professional field that applies principles of engineering,
of smart systems in factories, science, and mathematics to food manufacturing.
● Changing Citizen Dynamics: Rising active citizenry & appetite for ● It is considered a multidisciplinary and narrow field.
change drive governments ● Application of engineering principles to the storage, processing and
distribution of food materials and their bio-products.
● It is a rapidly changing discipline which the main focus was on food
Engineering Accreditor preservation and stabilization
ABET can accredit engineering and technology programs. ABET
examines the credentials of the engineering program’s faculty, curricular Food Engineering is concerned with:
content, etc. ● Design
● Construction
Why Engineering? ● Installation
1. Job satisfaction - it is important to find a career you enjoy. ● Operation
2. Variety of career opportunities - Neil Armstrong, Jimmy Carter, ● Control
and Alfred Hitchcock all started with an engineering education.
3. Challenging work - problems will be open-ended. There is no What do Food Engineers do?
single answer. You find a solution and persuade others that yours is
the best. ● They design and develop systems for production, distributing, and
4. Financial Security - engineering graduates receive one of the storing food.
highest starting salary. ● They use their skills to design sustainable and environmentally
5. Intellectual development - it will develop your ability to think responsible food processes.
logically and to solve problems. ● They can contribute in various capacities of food chain.
6. Benefit Society - you can choose projects that benefit society. ● They are the people responsible for ensuring that store shelves are
7. Prestige - as a member of this profession, you will receive a high nutritious and safe to eat and drink.
amount of prestige.
8. Professional Environment - you will be treated with respect and Difference between Food Engineers and other Food Related
have some freedom in choosing your work. Professionals
9. Creativity thinking - the need for engineers to think creatively is
greater than ever before. • Food scientists and food technologists focus on the study of food as a
10. Technological and scientific discovery - it can help you science; food engineers focus more on the packaging technique,
understand how things in the world work. processing, and food quality aspect of the supply chain.
11. Work with passionate people - engineering takes teamwork and ● Food engineering is a vast field that encompasses everything from
collaboration. You’ll be surrounded by smart, inspiring people. machines used in the manufacturing plant to storage systems on
12. Make your mark on the word - Engineers are problem solvers. transport trucks.
 ● Practitioners are required to have a solid grounding in engineering, ● Physical properties characterization with emphasis on phase
as well as, have working knowledge of chemistry and food science transition in food systems
in general. ● Edible films and coating
● Pulsed electric field (PEF) food processing
History of Food Engineering ● Package sealing methods and integrity inspection
● Process automation
❖ It is based on long-established concepts and activities. ● Biological sensors and instrumentation
❖ In the 1950s, food engineering emerged as an academic discipline, ● Microbiological food safety related to processing and storage
when several U.S. ● Food product shelf life and quality\
❖ The BS Food Engineering (BSFE) Program started offering in 1996
and in 1999 it was transferred to the Schools of Foods and Job Titles
International Hospitality Management. ● Food engineer
❖ It was transferred back again to the CEAFA under the Chemical ● Process engineer
and Food Engineering Department in 2006. ● Bioprocess engineer
❖ Association of Food Engineering Students (AFES) was established ● Plant engineer
in the year 2014. ● Project engineer
● Product development engineer
● Research and development engineer
Challenges ● Food safety and quality engineer
● Plant manager
Sustainability. Scientists and engineers are experimenting in
● Apprentice researcher
different ways to create improved processes that reduce pollution,
● Engineering consultant
Popular Growth. Food engineers are required to address land and
● Food and process engineer
water scarcity to provide enough growth and food for undernourished
● Manufacturing plant manager
people.
● Process safety engineer
Human Health. Food engineers must work collaboratively with
professionals in other domains such as medicine, biochemistry, chemistry,
and consumerism.
Lesson 3
The Impacts of Engineering and Ethics
Researches in Food Engineering
(add infos)
Engineering Impacts
● Food-production systems for NASA missions
● Engineering gives shape to our world.
● Microencapsulation/Nanoencapsulation
● Engineers design, create, or modify nearly everything we touch,
● Emerging technologies in sterilization/pasteurization, including
wear, eat, see, and hear in our daily lives.
ohmic heating, pulsed electric fields, ultra-high pressure processing
● Their innovations and inventions fuel economic growth, fortify
● Interaction of electricity with biomaterials
national security, improve healthcare and safeguard the
● Aseptic processing and packaging characteristics
environment.
● Extrusion
● Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world
that never was." - Theodore Von Karman, Aerospace Engineer
 ➔ Quality of dependability and includes honesty,
Positive Impacts Negative Impacts
integrity, loyalty, and promise-keeping.
● Respect
Civil engineers created structures and Chemical weapons have caused
➔ Treating others in a manner to enhance their
roads that help countries become safe massive destruction.
dignity.
and strong.
● Responsibility
➔ Comprises accountability, pursuit of excellence
Genetic engineers produce more food Causes many problems in the clones,
and self-restraint.
by developing ways to enlarge fruits, and create birth defects.
● Justice and Fairness
vegetables, and other crops.
➔ Be objective and impartial, do what is right,
Genetic engineering will help us to Experiments in can be dangerous, pursuit of excellence.
understand things like mutations in life-threatening, and have horrifying ● Caring
genetics. consequences. ➔ When ethical decisions are made, the impact to
all concerned should be minimized.
Machines that transport can make our Several of the advancements made by ● Civic Virtue
lives much simpler. engineering effects on the environment, ➔ Accepting appointments, give time and money to
as they cause pollution. social causes.
● Citizenship
CFC’s as coolants: Chosen for their CFC caused destruction of the ozone ➔ Obligation to community which extends beyond
excellent heat capacity. layer. self interest.

Indoor water circulation and public Caused extensive pollution of water Ethics
sewage systems: Solved a huge resources (underground water, lakes, ● Ethics is not just Black and White, but predominantly gray from the
problem, improved sanitary conditions rivers even tap water). deciders point of view.
immensely. ● Ethics is not a matter of majority vote but of private conscience.
● Loyalty causes ethical confusion.
Automobiles: Solved the High fatalities from accidents, pollution, ➢ Client, employer, self, family, public - Who comes first?
transportation problem. greenhouse effect. ➢ Protect Public Health or keep your job - Nerve Agent
➢ Disposal Engineer in Utah (Whistle Blower Laws)
➢ Loyalty to friend or to self?
➢ To take a job transfer or not - Family before employer?

Ethics in the Food Engineering Profession Engineering Ethics

Six Pillars of Character Fundamental Canons

- In 1992, Michael Josephson brought together a group of educators Engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall:
to create the Six Pillars of Character ● Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.
● Trustworthiness ● Perform services only in areas of their competence.
● Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner.
 ● Act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees. ● Empathy is for the ability to understand other people’s
● Avoid deceptive acts. feelings. Empathy can also mean projecting our own
● Conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully feelings.
so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the ● Sympathy refers to the ability to take part in someone
profession. else’s feelings, mostly by feeling sorrowful about their
misfortune. Sympathy can also be used in relation to
opinions and taste.
Lesson 4
Design Thinking 2. Define the Problem - This is where you will analyze your
observations and synthesize them in order to define the core
Design Thinking problems.
● It is a design methodology and iterative process that 3. Ideate - There are hundreds of Ideation techniques such as
provides a solution. Brainstorm, Brainwrite, Worst Possible Idea, and SCAMPER.
➔ It’s extremely useful in tackling complex problems by ➢ Brainstorming is an activity that helps your organization
understanding the human needs involved, by re-framing generate more innovative ideas.
the problem in human-centric ways, by creating many 4. Prototype - is an experimental phase, and the aim is to identify the
ideas in brainstorming sessions, and by adopting a best possible solution for each of the problems identified during the
hands-on approach in prototyping and testing. first three stages.
● A design methodology 5. Test - is the final stage of the 5 stage-model, but in an iterative
➔ Design Thinking is a design methodology and is more process, the results generated during the testing phase are often
creative and user-centered than traditional design used to redefine one or more problems and inform the
approaches. understanding of the users, the conditions of use, how people think,
● A creativity approach behave, and feel, and to empathize.
➔ Design Thinking is a creative process based on the
building up of ideas. Non-Linear Approach
● A used-centered approach - Results from the testing phase may reveal some insights about
➔ Design Thinking is a more creative and user-centered users, which in turn may lead to another brainstorming session
approach to problem solving than traditional design (Ideate) or the development of new prototypes (Prototype).
methods. It is often used to explore and define business
problems and to define products and services. It combines Core Attributes of Design Thinking
empathy for the context of a problem to analyze and fit ❖ Ambiguity - being comfortable when things are unclear or when
solutions to the context. you don’t know the answer
Phase or Stages of Design Thinking ❖ Collaborative - working together across disciplines
1. Empathy - is crucial to a human-centered design process such as ❖ Constructive - creating new ideas based on old ideas, which can
Design Thinking, and empathy allows design thinkers to set aside also be the most successful ideas
their own assumptions about the world in order to gain insight into ❖ Curiosity - being interested in things you don’t understand or
users and their needs. perceiving things with fresh eyes
❖ Empathy - seeing and understanding things from your customers’
Empathy vs. Sympathy point of view
 ❖ Holistic - looking at the bigger context for the customer 1. A - Activities - Includes actions with specific goals in mind, and the
❖ Iterative - cyclical process where improvements are made to a processes performed to achieve them.
solution or idea regardless of the phase 2. E - Environments - Details the context and characteristics of the
❖ Non Judgemental - creating ideas with no judgment toward the idea space where activities are being observed.
creator or the idea 3. I - Interactions - Includes both interpersonal and person-artifact
❖ Open Mindset - embracing design thinking as an approach for any interactions.
problem regardless of industry or scope. 4. O - Objects - Catalogues the items within the environment and how
they are used.
Characteristic of Design Thinker 5. U - Users - Includes the people within the environment that are
● Focus on human values and needs. Have empathy for the people, being observed.
solicit user feedback, and use it in their designs.
● Make experimentation an integral part of the design process, are Steps to Data Clustering
active “doers”, and communicate through meaningful artifacts.
● Collaborate with people from various backgrounds and respect their AEIOU can be used in-field as worksheets or be applied later to code data
viewpoints; enable “breakthrough insights and solutions to emerge collected from other ethnographic or observational methods, including notes,
from the diversity”. photos, and interviews.
● Can deal with wicked problems, are curious and optimistic, are Advantages: good for recording observations and small details; creates a
integrative (holistic) thinkers who look at the bigger context for the visual map of activities; can assist in uncovering latent needs, workarounds
customer. and unspoken behaviors.
● Are mindful of the overall Design Thinking process with respect to Disadvantages: not good for recording macro-level social, political or
goals and methods. cultural conditions; does not include changes over time; focuses on users
and excludes other actors.
Design thinking
It is essentially a problem-solving approach specific to design. It is an Persona
iterative process. It can help us redefine a problem in an attempt to identify
alternative strategies and solutions that might not be instantly apparent with A persona is a fictional person with characteristics that are most
our initial level of understanding. It is often referred to as ‘outside the box representative of a major user group “Inspire to innovate”. Helps the team
thinking’, as designers are attempting to develop new ways of thinking. to focus on the users’ goals and needs. A persona is not based on any
specific person, but is an abstract representation of many people with similar
characteristics.

Clustering Technique Persona Why create a Persona?

Module 2
Its purpose is to create a profile of the user which will serve as a reference
Steps to Data Clustering and inspiration throughout solution development.
The goal of using this framework is to make interpreting and analyzing data
easier, while visually mapping the significant relationships and interactions Scenario vs. Persona
between categories. Scenario Is a short story of a target group of users questions, tasks, and
stories that bring users to life. It also represents the user's
social/demographic/cultural information, behavior, belief and philosophy,
pain points, motivation or intentions and needs. (Defines when, where, and
how the story of a persona takes place.
Persona is a general profile of a target group of users. Sketch or collect
images to communicate the imagined context. (Define who the story is all
about) while goals define what the persona wants or needs to fulfill.

Disclaimer: This is just a summary of lessons 1-4. We didn't add any

information from Google or any notes from us. Kapag hindi ito ang lumabas
sa exam, ikaw na lang ang lumabas HAHAAHHAAHAH

Good luck future engineers!! <<<33

By:
Lovely Megan Sebolino (LF jowa ulit pero si Drei lang dapat)
Kalvin Cosme Rancap (Bangus lang)