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Engineering Drawing-Note 4

1) Geometrical constructions are used to construct plane figures like triangles, circles, and polygons in plane geometry. 2) Key terms in geometrical constructions include points, lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons. Points have position but no magnitude, lines have length but no breadth or thickness, and there are different types of lines and angles. 3) An engineering graphics lab exercise includes bisecting lines and angles, constructing equilateral triangles, squares, regular pentagons, and hexagons given the length of one side.

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Deven Malla
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22 views

Engineering Drawing-Note 4

1) Geometrical constructions are used to construct plane figures like triangles, circles, and polygons in plane geometry. 2) Key terms in geometrical constructions include points, lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons. Points have position but no magnitude, lines have length but no breadth or thickness, and there are different types of lines and angles. 3) An engineering graphics lab exercise includes bisecting lines and angles, constructing equilateral triangles, squares, regular pentagons, and hexagons given the length of one side.

Uploaded by

Deven Malla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS

The construction of plane figures such as triangle, circles, polygons etc


used in plane geometry is called geometrical constructions.

Terms used in geometrical constructions

1. Point: A point is that which has simple position but no magnitude.


It is generally represented by a very small circle or a small dot.

2. Line: A line Is that which has length but no breadth and thickness
or A line is that which is generated by a moving point under
certain conditions.

(a) Straight line: A straight line is the shortest distance between


two points
(b) Curved line: A curved line is that which doesn’t lie in straight
direction between its extremities, but it lies in a constantly
changing direction. The exact nature of each curved line is
determined by the motion of its generating point.
(c) Parallel straight line: Parallel straight lines are those which are
equidistant from one another and which do not meet if they
produce in any direction.
3. Angle: An angle is the inclination between two intersecting lines
i. A right angle is the inclination between two
perpendicular lines.
ii. An acute angle is the angle which is less than a right
angle.
iii. An obtuse angle is that angle which is greater than a
right angle
iv. A reflex angle is that angle which is greater than two
right angles.

v. The complementary angles are those angles make 90°.


Thus in figure, the angles AOC and BOC are
complementary angles. The angle AOC is said to be the
complement angle of BOC and vice versa.
vi. The supplementary angles are those when two angles
together make 180°. Thus in figure, the angle AOC and
BOC are supplementary angles. The AOC is said to be
the supplement angle of BOC and vice versa.
4. Triangle
5. Quadrilateral.
6. Polygon.

Engineering Graphics lab- 1


I. Bisect a given straight line.
II. Divide the given straight line into any number of six equal
parts.
III. Bisect a given angle between two given lines.
IV. Construct an equilateral triangle whose one side is given.
V. Construct a square of a given side.
VI. Construct a regular pentagon whose one side is given.
VII. Construct a regular hexagon whose one side is given.

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