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Chapter 1

This document provides an overview of different types of engineering materials, including their classifications and properties. It discusses seven main classifications: metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, semiconductors, biomaterials, and advanced materials. Within metals, it distinguishes between ferrous metals (containing iron) and non-ferrous metals. It also outlines some key physical properties of metallic materials, such as being hard, non-adhesive, cold to the touch, smooth, shiny, strong, malleable, and ductile.

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KENT CARLO PAYE
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29 views10 pages

Chapter 1

This document provides an overview of different types of engineering materials, including their classifications and properties. It discusses seven main classifications: metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, semiconductors, biomaterials, and advanced materials. Within metals, it distinguishes between ferrous metals (containing iron) and non-ferrous metals. It also outlines some key physical properties of metallic materials, such as being hard, non-adhesive, cold to the touch, smooth, shiny, strong, malleable, and ductile.

Uploaded by

KENT CARLO PAYE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1

Engineering Material – materials whose structure has been designed to develop specific properties for a
given application.

NEW CLASSIFICATION
1. Metals
Metallic materials are normally combinations of metallic elements. Metals are extremely good
conductors of electricity and heat, are not transparent to visible light, a metal polished surface has a
lustrous appearance.
2. Ceramics
Are compounds between metallic and nonmetallic elements. They are usually combinations of metals
or semiconductors with oxygen, nitrogen or carbon (oxides, nitrides, and carbides).
- crystalline compound combining metallic and non-metallic elements.
3. Polymers
Include the familiar plastic and rubber materials. Many of them are organic compounds that are
chemical based on carbon, hydrogen, and other nonmetallic elements.
4. Composites
A number of composite materials have been engineered that consist of more that one material type. A
composite is designed to display a combination of the best characteristics of each of the component
materials
- material containing with two or more integrated materials with each materials keeping its own
identity.
5. Semiconductors
have electrical properties that are intermediate between electrical conductors and insulators.
6. Biomaterials
Are employed in components implanted into the human body for the replacement of diseased or
damaged parts. These materials must not produce toxic substances and must be compatible with body
tissues (i.e. must not cause adverse biological reactions).
7. Advance Materials
These are materials that are utilized in high-technology applications, usually designed for maximum
performance, and normally expensive.

TYPES OF METALLICS

POLYMERS
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3

PROPERTIES OF METALLIC MATERIAL


o PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL
HARD - Metals are tough for the same reason as they are ductile: the positive ions can slide past each
other while remaining together. So, instead of breaking apart, they change shape, resulting in increased
toughness. This effect is called plasticity.
NON-ADHESIVE - Metal adhesion is limited because (unlike wood or many plastics or fiberglass) the glue
cannot go “into” the surface pores. It can only stick to the surface - which is likely smooth.
COLD - metals feel colder or hotter to the touch than other materials at the same temperature because
they're good thermal conductors. This means they easily transfer heat to colder objects or absorb heat
from warmer objects.
SMOOTH - All solid metals are made up of crystals so small that they cannot be seen by the naked eye.
When we polish a metal, the atoms spread on its surface just like butter on a slice of bread. Therefore,
the metal appears smooth. If the surface layer is scraped away, the small crystals, which make up the
metal, can be clearly seen under a microscope.
SHINY - Metals are shiny because of the light re-emitted (or reflected) by the vibrations of free electrons
present on the surface of the metals.
STRONG - As with all elements, metals are composed of atoms. The strength of metals suggests that
these atoms are held together by strong bonds.
MALLEABLE - the quality or state of being malleable: such as. a: capability of being shaped or extended
by hammering, forging, etc.
DUCTILE - he quality or state of being ductile especially the ability of a material to have its shape
changed (as by being drawn out into wire or thread) without losing strength or breaking When certain
alloys are added to metal, hardness and strength can be improved without decreasing the ductility

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