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Experiment 1

This document is a laboratory manual for an electrical circuits course. It provides instructions for an exercise on measuring resistor values using color codes. Students are given the color bands for various nominal resistor values and tolerances and must determine the actual values. They then measure real resistors and record the measured values alongside the nominal values to calculate any deviation percentages. The objectives are to familiarize students with using resistor color codes to determine values and understand tolerances.

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98 views

Experiment 1

This document is a laboratory manual for an electrical circuits course. It provides instructions for an exercise on measuring resistor values using color codes. Students are given the color bands for various nominal resistor values and tolerances and must determine the actual values. They then measure real resistors and record the measured values alongside the nominal values to calculate any deviation percentages. The objectives are to familiarize students with using resistor color codes to determine values and understand tolerances.

Uploaded by

patrick dg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY


COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
City of Malolos, Bulacan

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
LABORATORY MANUAL

GROUP No: Score:


Section: Date:
Instructor:

COLOR-CODED RESISTORS
ACTIVITY No. 1

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this exercise is to become familiar with the measurement of resistance values
using the resistor color code.

THEORY OVERVIEW

The most fundamental of all electrical devices are the resistors. Its fundamental attribute is the
restriction of electrical current flow: The greater the resistance, the greater the restriction of
current. Resistance is measured in ohms. The measurement of resistance in unpowered circuits
may be performed with a digital multimeter. Like all components, resistors cannot be
manufactured to perfection. That is, there will always be some variance of the true value of the
component when compared to its nameplate or nominal value. For precision resistors, typically
1% tolerance or better, the nominal value is usually printed directly on the component.
Normally, general purpose components, i.e. those worse than 1%, usually use a color code to
indicate their value.

The resistor color code typically uses 4 color bands. The first two bands indicate the precision
values (i.e. the mantissa) while the third band indicates the power of ten applied (i.e. the
number of zeroes to add). The fourth band indicates the tolerance. It is possible to find resistors
with five or six bands but they will not be examined in this exercise. Physical size of the resistor
indicates its power dissipation rating, not its ohmic value.

Each color in the code represents a numeral. It starts with black and finishes with white, going
through the rainbow in between:

0 Black 5 Green Tolerance


1 Brown 6 Blue ± 5% Gold
2 Red 7 Violet ± 10% Silver
3 Orange 8 Gray ± 20% None
4 Yellow 9 White
PROCEDURE

1. Given the nominal values and tolerances in Table 1.1, determine and record the
corresponding color code bands.
2. Given the color codes in Table 1.2, determine and record the nominal value, tolerance
and the minimum and maximum acceptable values.
3. Obtain the resistors you bring, list down the colors and its corresponding nominal value.
Determine the minimum and maximum acceptable values based on the nominal value
and tolerance. Record these values in Table 1.3. Using Digital Multimeter, measure the
actual values and record it in Table 1.3. Determine the deviation percentage of these
components and record it in Table 1.3.

𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒


𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑥 100%
𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

DATA TABLES

Table 1.1

VALUE BAND 1 BAND 2 BAND 3 BAND 4

27 @ 10%
56 @ 10%
180 @ 5%
390 @ 10%
680 @ 5%
1.5 k @ 20%
3.6 k @ 10%
7.5 k @ 5%
10 k @ 5%
47 k @ 10%
820 k @ 10%
2.2 M @ 20 %

Table 1.2

COLORS Nominal Tolerance Minimum Maximum

red-red-black-silver
blue-gray-black-gold

brown-green-brown-gold

orange-orange-brown-silver

green-blue-brown –gold
brown-red-red–silver

red-violet-red–silver

gray-red-red–gold

brown-black-orange–gold
orange-orange-orange–silver
blue-gray-yellow–none

green-black-green-silver

Table 1.3

COLORS Nominal Minimum Maximum Measured Deviation

1
2

3
4

5
6

7
8

9
10

Attach your resistors inside the box

QUESTIONS

1. What is the largest deviation in Table 1.3? Would it ever be possible to find a value that
is outside the stated tolerance? Why or why not?

2. Do the measured values of Table 1.3 represent the exact values of the resistors tested?
Why or why not?

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