CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK The study was based on the concept that belief and practices are the identity

of ethnic groups, their sub-grouping and cultural minorities. The study is a documentating the social life of the Bangad Tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga for purposes of education, preservation and appreciation for the coming generations. It has foreseen the possible implication of the beliefs and practice or the socio-economic development but only to their own life but also to the bigger community. Marriage is one of the foundation of cultural patterns derived among other things, to guide the individual in the choice of his or her spouse. These traditional marriage practices patterns provide the frame for practices from the first stages of the last stages of marriage rite and ceremonies.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES 1.What are the traditional marriage practices performed by the Bangad Tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga. 2. What are the implication of these traditional marriage practices to education, economic and social life of Bangad Tribe, Tinglayan, Kalinga.

DEPENDENT VARIABLES The traditional marriage practices of Bangad tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga.

MODERATE VARIABLES y y y Sex Age Ethnic affiliation

Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm of the study

THE PROBLEM Statement of the Problem The focus of these study was t examine the traditional marriage practices of the Bangad tribe of Tinglayan. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following: 1. What are the traditional marriage practices performed by the Bangad tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga. 2. What are the implications of these traditional marriage practices to education, economic and social life of the Bangad tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga. Hypotheses The researchers were guided by the following hypotheses: 1. There are various traditional marriage practices of the Bangad Tribe of Tingalyan, Kalinga. 2. There are significant implication of these traditional marriage practices to education, economics and social life of Bangad tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga. Scope and Deliberation This study is focused on the describing the traditional marriage practices. The discipline discussion is complicated by other related studies on Kalinga traditional marriage practice. The second part of the study is to determine the implication of theses marriage practice to education, economics and social life among the member of the community. This study as conducted this school year 2011 212. Importance of the study This study is deemed beneficial to the following: To History teachers: this will be beneficial to all educations engage in the teaching of history subject and they will be able to identify the difference needs of their students thus making room for adjustments and improvements. To Researchers: the researchers will be able to come up with different strategies and plans may give them further insights, knowledge and lessons about the significance and meaning of customs, traditions and cultural values is everyday life. To Students: It will serve as a collection of data for future references and a written source of real accounts and revelations of the tribe cultural treasures. To Future researchers: this study will greatly aid future researchers who intended to conduct studies related to this practices of the Kalingas without leaving it to be lost in the coming.

To Bangad Peole: This study will serve as references and guide to enable them to identify their traditional marriage practices which can affect their social life. To the Administration: This study of the traditional marriage practice of Bangad tribe of Tinglayan, Kalinga is importance for this institution. It will serve as one of the complication to be use by the student in history, anthropology and other related subjects. Definition of Terms: The following terms were defined operationally and theoretically to attain a clearer understanding of the study: Aferjan. This convey the idea of a parental arrangement towards, a union of the contracting parties of two kinship families. Beliefs. To act of believing or faith, what are believed. Culture. These are man s conviction about reality and include the primitive man s concept, idea of the universe as well as the scientist empirical view of the world. Customs. It is a way of thinking, acting and characteristic of a group of people. Customs influence the way people dress and general behavior. They make take on the force of moral or statutory laws. Laksun. A jural inheritance rights of property given by parents and families of the married couple for support and a capital investment to sustain their married life. Marriage. Is a social institution committing men and women in special forms of mutual dependence. Traditions. This refers to the knowledge and doctrine as well as the pattern of behavior transmitted from generation to generation. Tribe. An aggregate of people united by common ancestry or defined as any class or body of individuals. Practices. These are the activities performed by a group as part of their way of life.