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Parafin 3

Paraffin is a white or colorless mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It is odorless, tasteless, and sparingly soluble in ether and insoluble in water and ethanol. Liquid paraffin is a similar mixture of liquid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum, which is colorless, transparent, and odorless. Both substances undergo tests to verify their identification and ensure purity levels of heavy metals, arsenic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are below specified limits. Paraffin and liquid paraffin have defined melting point and viscosity ranges and should be stored in well-closed containers.

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40 views

Parafin 3

Paraffin is a white or colorless mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It is odorless, tasteless, and sparingly soluble in ether and insoluble in water and ethanol. Liquid paraffin is a similar mixture of liquid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum, which is colorless, transparent, and odorless. Both substances undergo tests to verify their identification and ensure purity levels of heavy metals, arsenic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are below specified limits. Paraffin and liquid paraffin have defined melting point and viscosity ranges and should be stored in well-closed containers.

Uploaded by

Andrianna Nastasya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1502 Monographs, Part II

and 5.0 mL of dimethylsulfoxide. Separately, dissolve


Paraffin Naphthalene RS in dimethylsul-foxide to obtain a solu-
tion containing 7.0 mg per 1000 mL and use this solu-
Paraffin is a mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained tion as the standard solution. Determine the absorbance
from petroleum. at 278 nm as directed under Ultraviolet-visible Spec-
trophotometry, using dimethylsulfoxide as the blank.
Description Paraffin is colorless or white, slightly The absorbance of the test solution between 265 nm
clear, crystalline mass, odorless and tasteless. and 420 nm is not more than one-third of the absorb-
Paraffin is sparingly soluble in ether and practically ance of the standard solution at 278 nm.
insoluble in water, in ethanol or in dehydrated ethanol. (6) Readily carbonizable substancesMelts 5.0 g
Specific gravity d 20 20
: About 0.92 (proceed as of Paraffin placed in a Nessler tube at a temperature
directed in the Specific gravity (2) under the Fats and near the melting point. Add 5 mL of sulfuric acid for
Fatty Oils). the test of readily carbonizable substances and warm at
70 °C for 5 minutes in a water-bath. Remove the tube
Identification (1) Heat Paraffin strongly in a porce- from the water-bath, immediately shake vigorously and
lain crucible and ignore: it burns with a bright flame vertically for 3 seconds and warm for 1 minutes in a
and the odor of paraffin vapor is perceptible. water-bath at 70 °C. Repeat this procedure five times:
(2) Heat 0.5 g of Paraffin with 0.5 g of sulfur with the color of the sulfuric acid layer is not more intense
shaking carefully: the odor of hydrogen sulfide is per- than that of the following control solution.
ceptible.
Control solutionAdd 1.5 mL of cobaltous chlo-
Melting Point 50 ~ 75 °C (Method 2). ride colorimetric stock solution, 0.5 mL of cupric sul-
fate colorimetric stock solution and 5 mL of liquid par-
Purity (1) Acid or alkaliBoil 10.0 g of Paraffin affin to 3.0 mL of ferric chloride colorimetric stock
with 10 mL of hot water and 1 drop of phenolphthalein solution and shake vigorously.
TS in a water-bath for 5 minutes and shake vigorously:
a red color is not produced. Add 0.20 mL of 0.02mol/L Containers and Storage Containers—Well-closed
sodium hydroxide VS to this solution and shake: a red containers.
color is produced.
(2) Heavy metalsIgnite 2.0 g of Paraffin in a
crucible, first moderately until chared, then between Liquid Paraffin
450 °C and 550 °C to ash. Cool, add 2 mL of hydro-
chloric acid and evaporate on a water-bath to dryness. Liquid Paraffin is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons
To the residue, add 2 mL of dilute acetic acid and water obtained from petrolatum. Tocopherol of a suitable
to make 50 mL and perform the test. Prepare the con- from may be added at a concentration not exceeding
trol solution as follows: to 2.0 mL of standard lead so- 0.001 % as a stabilizer.
lution, add 2 mL of dilute acetic acid and water to
make 50 mL (not more than 10 ppm). Description Liquid Paraffin is colorless, transparent,
(3) ArsenicPrepare the test solution with 1.0 g of oily liquid, nearly free from fluorescence, and is odor-
Paraffin according to Method 3 and perform the test less and tasteless.
(not more than 2 ppm). Liquid Paraffin is freely soluble in ether, very slightly
(4) Sulfur compoundsTake 4.0 g of Paraffin, add soluble in dehydrated ethanol and practically insoluble
2 mL of dehydrated ethanol, further add 2 drops of a in water or in ethanol.
clear saturated solution of lead monoxide in a solution Boiling pointAbove 300 °C.
of sodium hydroxide (1 in 5) and heat for 10 minutes at
70 °C with occasional shaking: no dark brown color Identification Proceed as directed in the Identifica-
develops in the aqueous layer. tion under Paraffin.
(5) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsWeigh ac-
curately 0.50 g of Paraffin, transfer to a stoppered 125 20
mL separatory funnel, add 25 mL of n-heptane and Specific Gravity d 20 : 0.860 ~ 0.890.
shake well. Add 5.0 mL of dimethylsulfoxide, shake
vigorously for 1 minute and allow to stand until two Viscosity Not less than 37mm2/s (Method 1, 37.8 °C).
layers are formed. Transfer the lower layer to a second
separatory funnel, add 2 mL of n-heptane, shake vigor- Purity (1) OdorTransfer a suitable amount of Liq-
ously and allow to stand until two layers are formed. uid Paraffin to a small beaker and heat on a water-bath:
Separate the lower layer and use as the test solution. a foreign odor is not perceptible.
Determine the absorbance between 265 nm and 420 nm (2) Acid or alkaliShake vigorously 10 mL of
as directed under Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometry, Liquid Paraffin with 10 mL of hot water and 1 drop of
using as the blank the clear lower liquid obtained by phenolphthalein TS: no red color develops. Shake this
shaking vigorously for 1 minute 25 mL of n-heptane solution with 0.20 mL/L of 0.02 mol/L sodium hydrox-

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