Learning

in ED101

Module
The Child and Adolescent Learners
and Learning Principles

By
Prof. Helen Ablong Tampus

COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course focuses on child and adolescent developments with emphasis on current
research-based knowledge through content knowledge and its application within and/or
across curriculum teaching areas to develop critical and creative thinking and theory on
biological, linguistic, cognitive, social, and emotional dimensions of development. This
would also promote fairness, respect, and care to encourage learning. Further, this includes
factors that affect the progress of development of the learners to suit their gender, needs,
strengths, interests and experiences and build relationships with parents/guardians and shall
include appropriate pedagogical principles applicable for each development level with the aid
of verbal and non-verbal classroom communication strategies and positive use of ICT.

At the end of the course, the learners are able to: 1.) Analyze content knowledge and its
application within and/or across curriculum teaching areas; 2.) Demonstrate an understanding
of the different research-based theories related to the broad dimensions of child and
adolescent development and their application to each particular developmental level of the
learners; 3.) Respond to the pedagogical principles suited to diverse learners’ needs and
experiences at different developmental levels; 4.) Contextualize knowledge of laws, policies,
guidelines and procedures that provide safe and secure learning environments; 5.) Embody
positive and non-violent discipline in the management of learner behavior; and 6.)
Internalize teaching strategies that develop critical and creative thinking, and/or other higher-
order thinking skills

Module 2
Biological Development

Welcome to ED101- The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning

Principles! This module will help you understand how children and adolescents learn. You
will be introduced to the basic concepts regarding human development. The discussion of the
substantial ideas related to child and adolescent development will provide you with a
motivating and thought-provoking module rich in informative lesson from scholarly works.
Sources will be cited in this module to enrich the discussion. We hope that you will be
engaged to know more about this course. First things first, let us know the institutional
learning outcomes of our beloved Negros Oriental State University (NOrSU). You will be
introduced to NOrSU’s vision, mission, core values, quality policy and the goals of our very
own College of Teacher Education (CTEd).

Now, let’s familiarize the institutional policies of Negros Oriental State University.

Vision of
A dynamic, competitive and globally responsive State University

Mission of
The University shall provide excellent instruction, relevant and responsive research and
extension services and quality-assured production through competent and highly motivated
human capital.

Core Values
S – Spirituality

2 I ED101 THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

A – Accountability
P – Professionalism
P – Patriotism
H – Harmony
I – Integrity
R – Respect
E - Excellence

Quality Policy
NOrSU commits itself to the provision of quality instruction, research, extension services and
production as well as compliance to applicable regulatory requirements and continual
improvement of its management system.

College of Teacher Education Goals

As education is life, the CTEd Programs commit to:

T–ransfer knowledge in demonstrating relevant research-based teaching pedagogies

incorporating 21st century literacy, numeracy, scientific and technological skills

E-xpose students to a variety of interactive teaching strategies and assessments

A-dapt a classroom learning environment that engages learners, individually or in group, in
meaningful exploration, discovery, and hands-on activities

C–ollaborate with professionals and stakeholders in the enhancement of responsive learning

programs to meet curriculum goals

H–one teaching skills necessary to cater to diverse learners

E-nrich personal and professional growth and development among teachers, students, and
the community

R-espond to community needs through relevant extension services and linkages

S–upplement acquisition of knowledge and skills with desirable values based on professional
and ethical teaching standards

Directions on How to Use this Module Properly

Each module contains the following parts:

 Behavioral Objectives
These are the general goals in each module. Read them carefully. They are the
objectives that you are going to meet at the end of the module.

 Specific Objectives

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 These are the learning objectives for the particular lesson targeting the cognitive
(knowledge), affective (attitude) and psychomotor (skills).

 Motivation
These are questions or activities that will stimulate you before you begin with your
journey to the lesson that you are going to learn.

 Discussion
This contains new information for you to learn. In this part, a thorough discussion
will be given in or order for you to properly grasp the lesson.

 Suggested Learning Activity

This is an activity that can enrich your learning since you will be given tasks or
activities based on the discussion which you are going to answer.

 Practice Task/Assessment
This is another test in line with the objectives in each lesson. Varied methods of
assessment will be given.

 Assignment
This part serves as an enrichment of the topic being discussed or as a sort of reflection
or insights

 Feedback
This is an evaluation whether you fully understand the lesson at the end of the
session. You are going to rate yourself at the end of the lesson. You can write your
questions and clarifications in this part.

Introduction
This module will give you a description of how human life develops before
and after birth. The discussions in this module came from the internet and other
relevant sources.

Behavioral Objectives
1. Identify factors affecting biological/physical development.
2. Discuss the two (2) theories; Development Milestone and Ecological System
3. Gather research information related to the theories and application of
biological development.

Contents of this Module

A. Biological beginnings
B. Physical and Motor Development
C. Neuroscience and Brain development
D. Factors Affecting Biological/ Physical Development
E. Developmental Milestones (Gesell) and Ecological Systems Theory
(Bronfenbrenner)
F. Current Research Pedagogical Applications

LESSON 1. Biological beginnings

4 I ED101 THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

Assessment

A. Filling the blanks

1. ______________ refers to the process in which a baby develops from a single cell
after conception into an embryo and later a fetus
2. ______________ the process of organ formation during the first two months of pre-
natal development.
3. ______________ develops during the germinal period and later into an embryo.
4. ______________ the life-support system that consists of a disk-shaped group of
tissues.
5. ______________ Growth and development continue dramatically during this period.

B. Essay

Discuss why pregnant mothers are advised not to smoke, not to drink alcoholic
drinks, not to take in any medication without doctor’s advice.

Assignment
Pretend you are 4 months old in the womb. Your mother is concentrating of doing abortion.
Write her a LETTER convincing her that you are a human being developing contrary to what
she and other pro-abortionists are thinking. Describe to her the development that has already
taken place in 4 months. Reflect what you learned on pre-natal development in this module.

Feedback
Write your comments about lesson 1 of module 2

How did you find the lesson?

___________________________________________________________________________
___.

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 Lesson 2: Physical and Motor Development

Learning Objectives
1. Identify and discuss the six big ideas under physical and motor development.

6 I ED101 THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

 2. Trace the physical and motor development of growing infants and toddlers.
3. Draw implications of these principles and processes to parenting and caregiving.

Assessment

Read the following scenarios that highlight some characteristics and behaviors of young
infants, mobile infants, and toddlers when considering physical development, specifically
gross- and fine-motor skills. After reading the scenarios, consider all you have learned
throughout this lesson.

Which characteristics or behaviors would be considered fine-motor skills and which would
be considered gross-motor skills? Write these down and then think about possible ways you
could support each of these young children. Be sure to add ideas to your chart as you
complete the remaining lessons and learn even more about the physical development of
infants and toddlers.

1. Young infant (birth to 8 months)

Bobby’s provider knows it is important to give him time on his tummy when he is awake.
Bobby is four months old. “Tummy time” will help him strengthen his muscles and learn to
raise his head and body with his arms to look around. Sometimes his provider uses a
supportive pillow to put under Bobby’s arms and chest to help support his body so that he
can look around and reach for a toy while he is on his tummy.

2. Mobile infant (8 months to 18 months)

Ms. Kendra, a family child care provider, is caring for twins. She is excited to see which of
the 13-month-old twins will walk first. Carrie was quite eager to crawl and enjoys moving
around the room to explore. Cindy was more content to sit and play with her toys and started
to crawl after Carrie learned. Both girls are pulling themselves up in their cribs. Ms. Kendra
is thinking even more about child proofing areas in her home as she prepares for the new
walkers.

3. Toddler (18 to 36 months)

Deondre was born six weeks premature and at 25 months of age, he shows some delays in
motor development. Deondre’s parents are working with specialists to help facilitate his
motor development. Deondre enjoys sitting on the floor while looking at books and playing
with puzzles that have large knobs. He works hard at turning and pushing the pieces into
place. Deondre claps along with his family child care provider to show his delight at
completing a puzzle.

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Assignment

Having learned the physical development of infants and toddlers, as a future parent or
caregiver of children, reflect on this line:

1. What you should do more often for infants and toddlers.

2. What you should refrain from doing to facilitate their growth and development.

Feedback
How did you find the lesson? Write your comment below.

________________________________________________________________
___

References

http://examsupdate.blogspot.com/2015/09/mcq-on-child-development-and-
pedagogy.html
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/sites/default/files/publications/pubs/documents/
child_adol_dev_teacher_ed.pdf

https://www.universalclass.com/articles/self-help/research-on-child-
development-in-understanding-positive-parenting.htm
https://www.psychologynoteshq.com/bronfenbrenner-ecological-theory/

8 I ED101 THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/
the_importance_of_taking_on_challenges_for_young_children

https://www.newheightseducation.org/educational-articles/neuroscience-and-brain-child-
development/

http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/dev.html

https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/brain/episode1/index.html

https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/brain/episode2/index.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKyljukBE70

https://www.virtuallabschool.org/infant-toddler/physical-development/lesson-1

https://www.virtuallabschool.org/infant-toddler/physical-development/lesson-2?
module=7536

https://www.virtuallabschool.org/infant-toddler/physical-development/lesson-3?
module=7536

https://www.virtuallabschool.org/infant-toddler/physical-development/lesson-4?
module=7536

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